CN114441301A - Crack development characteristic analysis method and device based on structural deformation physical simulation - Google Patents
Crack development characteristic analysis method and device based on structural deformation physical simulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a crack development characteristic analysis method and device based on structural deformation physical simulation, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring actual geological parameters, simulated geological deformation and simulated geological deformation rate of a crack development area; building an experimental sand box model according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; carrying out a physical simulation experiment of structural crack deformation on an experimental sample in the experimental sand box model, wherein the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion; recording crack plane information and crack section information in the experimental process; and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information. The method can effectively analyze the crack development characteristics and display the tiny crack structure, thereby being beneficial to exploring unconventional oil gas exploration and development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geoscience and petroleum industry, in particular to a crack development characteristic analysis method and device based on physical simulation of structural deformation.
Background
The cracks are small structures with the widest distribution, are very important oil-gas-containing reservoirs at home and abroad, contain about 60 percent of residual oil-gas resources in China, and can effectively improve the seepage capability of the reservoirs. The single length of the crack is not more than 0.1 meter even, the scale is small, the development mode is complex, the difficulty of crack identification and evaluation by exploration means is high, and the development of a large amount of oil and gas resources becomes a difficult problem.
The existing crack development characteristic analysis, such as a fold structure covering hundreds of square meters and a fault structure extending for thousands of meters, cannot show a tiny crack structure, and further is difficult to effectively analyze the crack development characteristic.
Therefore, there is a need for a fracture development characterization scheme based on physical simulation of formation deformation that can overcome the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a fracture development characteristic analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation, which is used for carrying out fracture development characteristic analysis and displaying a tiny fracture structure, thereby being beneficial to exploring unconventional oil and gas exploration and development, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring actual geological parameters, simulated geological deformation and simulated geological deformation rate of a crack development area;
building an experimental sand box model according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area;
carrying out a physical simulation experiment of structural crack deformation on an experimental sample in the experimental sand box model, wherein the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion;
crack plane information and crack section information in the experimental process are recorded;
and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information.
The embodiment of the invention obtains the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; building an experimental sand box model according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; carrying out a physical simulation experiment of structural crack deformation on an experimental sample in the experimental sand box model, wherein the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion; recording crack plane information and crack section information in the experimental process; and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information. According to the embodiment of the invention, the experimental sand box model is set up according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area, the physical simulation experiment of the structural crack deformation of the experimental sample is carried out in the experimental sand box model, the powdery material with smaller particle size and larger cohesion is added in the experimental sample, so that the micro crack structure can be better shown in the physical simulation experiment of the structural crack deformation, the crack development characteristics can be effectively analyzed according to the crack plane information and the crack section information recorded in the experimental process, the scientific problems such as the crack distribution rule, the evolution process and the formation mechanism in the geological deformation can be explained, and the scientific and effective basis is provided for the unconventional oil and gas exploration and development.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fracture development characteristic analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation, which is used for carrying out fracture development characteristic analysis and displaying a tiny fracture structure, thereby being beneficial to exploring unconventional oil and gas exploration and development, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring actual geological parameters, simulated geological deformation and simulated geological deformation rate of a crack development area;
recording crack plane information and crack section information in the physical simulation experiment process of the structural crack deformation; wherein the physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation is a physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation of the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model; the experimental sand box model is built according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion;
and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fracture development characteristic analysis device based on physical simulation of structural deformation, which is used for carrying out fracture development characteristic analysis and displaying a tiny fracture structure, thereby being beneficial to exploring unconventional oil and gas exploration and development, and comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring actual geological parameters, simulated geological deformation and simulated geological deformation rate of a crack development area;
the information recording module is used for recording crack plane information and crack section information in the physical simulation experiment process of the structural crack deformation; wherein the physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation is a physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation of the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model; the experimental sand box model is built according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion;
and the characteristic analysis module is used for carrying out crack development characteristic analysis according to the crack plane information and the crack section information.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the fracture development characteristic analysis method based on the physical simulation of the structural deformation.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program for executing the fracture development characteristic analysis method based on the physical simulation of the structural deformation.
The embodiment of the invention obtains the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; recording crack plane information and crack section information in the physical simulation experiment process of the structural crack deformation; wherein the physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation is a physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation of the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model; the experimental sand box model is built according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion; and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information. The physical simulation experiment of the structural crack deformation is carried out on an experimental sample in an experimental sand box model, the experimental sand box model is built according to actual geological parameters, simulated geological deformation and simulated geological deformation rate of a crack development area, the small crack structure can be better shown in the physical simulation experiment of the structural crack deformation by adding powdery materials with smaller particle size and larger cohesion into the experimental sample, the crack development characteristics can be effectively analyzed according to crack plane information and crack section information recorded in the experimental process, scientific problems such as crack distribution rules, evolution processes and formation mechanisms in the geological deformation can be explained, and scientific and effective basis is provided for unconventional oil and gas exploration and development.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fracture development characteristic analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another fracture development characteristic analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another fracture development characteristic analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another fracture development characteristic analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of fracture development pattern analysis based on fracture development characteristics of physical simulation of formation deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fracture development characteristic analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a crack growth characteristic analysis device based on physical simulation of structural deformation in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
In order to perform fracture development characteristic analysis and display tiny fracture structures, so as to facilitate exploring unconventional oil and gas exploration and development, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fracture development characteristic analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation, as shown in fig. 1, the method may include:
102, building an experimental sand box model according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area;
103, carrying out a physical simulation experiment of structural crack deformation on an experimental sample in the experimental sand box model, wherein the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion;
104, recording fracture plane information and fracture section information in the experimental process;
and 105, analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information.
As can be known from the illustration in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the invention obtains the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation amount and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; building an experimental sand box model according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; carrying out a physical simulation experiment of structural crack deformation on an experimental sample in the experimental sand box model, wherein the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion; recording crack plane information and crack section information in the experimental process; and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information. According to the embodiment of the invention, the experimental sand box model is set up according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area, the physical simulation experiment of the structural crack deformation of the experimental sample is carried out in the experimental sand box model, the powdery material with smaller particle size and larger cohesion is added in the experimental sample, so that the micro crack structure can be better shown in the physical simulation experiment of the structural crack deformation, the crack development characteristics can be effectively analyzed according to the crack plane information and the crack section information recorded in the experimental process, the scientific problems such as the crack distribution rule, the evolution process and the formation mechanism in the geological deformation can be explained, and the scientific and effective basis is provided for the unconventional oil and gas exploration and development.
The inventor finds out through analysis that: the loose granular material and the natural rock have similar stress-strain rules and can simulate the deformation of the actual stratum, so that a proper simulation material and an experiment method are selected in a laboratory, and a sand box model which meets the actual geological conditions is designed according to the conditions of geometric similarity, time similarity, material similarity, boundary similarity, dynamic similarity and the like to simulate the structural deformation of the actual geological process. The traditional physical simulation experiment material for structural deformation is limited to loose quartz sand with large particles and mainly simulates large-scale structural deformation, so that a new material must be tested and researched, and a fracture development characteristic analysis method capable of being applied to physical simulation of structural deformation is established to reveal the distribution rule, evolution process and formation mechanism of fractures, which has very important significance for exploring the development mode of small-scale structural fractures and unconventional oil and gas exploration and development.
The quartz sand particles commonly used in the traditional structural physical simulation experiment have overlarge particle size, usually 40-120 meshes, small cohesive force and overlarge looseness, and the large displacement difference under the action of strong stress shows the fault, and only the fault structure with large scale can be shown. The particles can absorb smaller structural stress through deformation modes such as rotation or sliding, and other areas of the deformed model top surface except the fault are very smooth and cannot show a tiny crack structure, so that the structural physical simulation cannot simulate a small-scale crack structure for a long time, and geological features of crack development cannot be analyzed. On the premise that the stress relation follows the Hertz contact theory, in the particle size range of the particles forming the rock, along with the gradual thinning of the particle size of the rigid particles, the development degree of cracks can be gradually increased, the development degree gradually decreases along with the continuous thinning of the particle size after the peak value is reached, and the particle size at the peak value is influenced by various factors such as particle properties and external environment, so that the stress relation is difficult to determine in practical application. In order to make up for the defect that the crack cannot be simulated by physical simulation of the structure, a powdery material with smaller particle size and larger cohesion is collected and further mixed with quartz sand to perform an experiment, so that the micro crack structure can be better displayed in the physical simulation experiment of the structural crack deformation, the crack development characteristics can be effectively analyzed according to crack plane information and crack profile information recorded in the experiment process, scientific problems such as crack distribution rules, evolution process and formation mechanism in geological deformation can be explained, and a scientific and effective basis is provided for unconventional oil and gas exploration and development.
In specific implementation, the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area are obtained.
In an embodiment, simulating the geological deformation comprises: simulating geological shortening and/or geological lengthening; simulating the geological deformation rate comprises: simulating a rate of geologic shortening and/or simulating a rate of geologic elongation.
In the examples, the simulated geological deformation of a fracture development zone is obtained as follows: obtaining actual geological deformation and length similarity factors of a crack development area; and determining the simulated geological deformation of the crack development area according to the actual geological deformation and the length similarity factor.
In the examples, the simulated geological deformation rate of a fracture development zone was obtained as follows: obtaining an actual geological deformation rate, a length similarity factor, a density gravity factor, a density similarity factor and a viscosity similarity factor of a crack development area; determining a stress similarity factor of a crack development area according to the length similarity factor, the density gravity factor and the density similarity factor; determining a strain similarity factor of a crack development area according to the stress similarity factor and the viscosity similarity factor; determining a speed similarity factor of a crack development area according to the strain similarity factor and the length similarity factor; and determining the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area according to the actual geological deformation rate and the speed similarity factor.
It should be noted that the length similarity factor may be a length similarity ratio of the simulated geology to the actual geology, the density gravity factor may be a density gravity ratio of the simulated geology to the actual geology, the density similarity factor may be a density similarity ratio of the simulated geology to the actual geology, the viscosity similarity factor may be a viscosity similarity ratio of the simulated geology to the actual geology, the stress similarity factor may be a stress similarity ratio of the simulated geology to the actual geology, the strain similarity factor may be a strain similarity ratio of the simulated geology to the actual geology, and the velocity similarity factor may be a velocity similarity ratio of the simulated geology to the actual geology.
In this embodiment, the stress similarity factor of the crack development region is determined according to the following formula:
Δσ＝Δρ×Δg×Δl (1)
wherein, Δ σ is a stress similarity factor, Δ ρ is a density similarity factor, Δ g is a density gravity factor, and Δ l is a length similarity factor.
In this example, the strain similarity factor of the crack development region is determined according to the following formula:
wherein, Delta epsilon is a strain similarity factor,
Δ σ is a stress similarity factor.
In this embodiment, the dynamic similarity principle of the physical simulation is met only when the simulated geology (experimental model) and the actual geology (geological prototype) have the strain similarity factors with the same magnitude. Determining a speed similarity factor of a crack development area according to the following formula:
Δv＝Δε×Δl (3)
where Δ ∈ is a strain similarity factor, Δ l is a length similarity factor, and Δ v is a velocity similarity factor.
And during specific implementation, an experimental sand box model is built according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the actual geological parameters of the fracture development zone include: actual geological work area, actual geological work area length-width ratio and actual geological structure data; according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area, an experimental sand box model is built, and the method comprises the following steps: 102a, establishing an initial model according to a set similar proportion according to the actual geological work area, the actual geological work area length-width ratio and the actual geological structure data; and adjusting the initial model according to the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate to obtain an experimental sand box model.
In this embodiment, which problems related to structural cracks are to be solved in a three-dimensional sand box experiment are determined around a research target, so that an actual geological work area, an actual geological work area length-width ratio and actual geological structure data are defined, an initial model is obtained by reducing according to a set similar proportion according to the actual geological work area, the actual geological work area length-width ratio and the actual geological structure data, and the initial model is adjusted according to a simulated geological deformation amount and a simulated geological deformation rate of a sand box moving boundary under an obtained experimental condition, so that an experimental sand box model is obtained.
In this embodiment, the other experimental elements affecting the formation of the crack of the experimental flask model are configured, and the other experimental elements affecting the formation of the crack may include: deposition parameters are constructed.
In specific implementation, a physical simulation experiment of structural crack deformation is carried out on an experimental sample in the experimental sand box model, and the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion.
In the embodiment, the experimental sample is prepared by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion, and comprises the following components: the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material with a first set particle size and quartz sand with a second set particle size according to a set proportion.
In this embodiment, the first set particle size ranges from [0.005mm, 0.010mm ]; the value range of the second set particle size is [0.125mm, 0.180mm ]; the value range of the set proportion is [0.005mm, 0.010mm ].
In the embodiment, the thickness of the stratum in the actual geological work area is converted according to the length similarity factor to obtain the thickness of the simulated stratum, and the using amount of the experimental sample is determined according to the thickness of the simulated stratum. The amount of the test sample was mixed uniformly with a stirrer.
In an embodiment, the powdered material comprises: kaolin and/or silica fume.
In the embodiment, the powdered material is kaolin, and the mixed material composed of kaolin and quartz sand is safe, environment-friendly, convenient to obtain, low in price and suitable for wide popularization in the field of structural physical simulation. The cracks are small structures with the widest distribution, the exploration finding rate is low due to small scale and difficult identification, about 60% of residual oil and gas reserves in China exist, the cracks occupy increasingly important positions in various large oil fields in the world, and the method has wide oil and gas exploration application prospects.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the fracture development feature analysis method based on the physical simulation of structural deformation further includes: 102b, before a physical simulation experiment of the structural crack deformation is carried out, carrying out surrounding scanning on an experimental sample in the experimental sand box model by using an industrial CT (computed tomography) machine to obtain scanning slice information; determining whether the powdery material and the quartz sand in the experimental sample are uniformly mixed or not according to the scanning slice information; carrying out a physical simulation experiment of the deformation of the construction crack on the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model, which comprises the following steps: and if the powdery material and the quartz sand in the experimental sample are uniformly mixed, performing a physical simulation experiment on the structural crack deformation of the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model.
In the embodiment, the industrial CT with high resolution is adopted, the principle of the industrial CT is the same as that of medical CT in hospitals, the power of the industrial CT is higher, and the penetrating capacity is higher. And (3) carrying out surrounding scanning on the experimental sample in the experimental flask model by using a high-resolution industrial CT at a set angle (which can be 60 degrees) to obtain scanning slice information. The scanning slicing information can be gray value distribution, whether the powdery material and the quartz sand in the experimental sample are uniformly mixed or not is determined according to the scanning slicing information, if the powdery material and the quartz sand in the experimental sample are uniformly mixed, a physical simulation experiment of structural crack deformation is carried out on the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model, the accuracy of an experimental result is ensured, and finally the mixed material is laid in a research area simulating crack development in the experimental sand box and an activity boundary is opened.
In specific implementation, crack plane information and crack profile information in the experimental process are recorded.
In the embodiment, the recording of the fracture plane information and the fracture profile information in the experimental process includes: acquiring an image of a crack on the top surface of an experimental sand box model in an experimental process by using a camera to obtain crack plane information; and (3) carrying out section scanning on the experimental sand box model in the experimental process by using an industrial CT machine to obtain crack section information.
And when the method is specifically implemented, analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, performing fracture development feature analysis according to the fracture plane information and the fracture profile information includes: step 105a, determining first crack development characteristic information of each crack according to the crack plane information, wherein the first crack development characteristic information comprises: one or any combination of crack position information, crack form information, crack length information and crack orientation information; determining second crack development characteristic information of each crack according to the crack profile information, wherein the second crack development characteristic information comprises: one or any combination of fracture quantity information, fracture property information and fracture occurrence information; and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the first crack development characteristic information and the second crack development characteristic information of each crack.
In this embodiment, high-definition photography may be performed on the crack generated on the top surface of the sand box model at a certain time interval in the experimental process according to the experimental purpose and the crack propagation speed, that is, an image of the crack on the top surface of the experimental sand box model in the experimental process is acquired by using a camera, the position of each crack is clearly drawn on the picture by using drawing software by a sketch method, so as to obtain the position information of the crack, and the shape information of the crack can be obtained. The high-resolution industrial CT can be used for scanning the section of the deformed crack sand box model, the crack development characteristics and the change of the crack development characteristics on the internal section of the model can be clearly observed, and the number information, the property information and the attitude information of the crack are counted and geologically interpreted through CT imaging.
In the embodiment, the cracks are small-scale structures, the structural cracks are small in scale and numerous in number in a physical simulation experiment, the structural cracks can develop under the condition of small stress, and the formation evolution of the structural cracks is more easily influenced by uncontrollable factors or boundary condition design errors, so that the actual geological rules are deviated. On one hand, the repeatability of the structural crack simulation result can be verified through multiple experiments, and random factors which have large influence on crack growth and development in the experiments are avoided, so that the understanding of crack distribution and development modes is interfered. On the other hand, if other geological data (such as earthquake and well data) related to crack development are obtained in the research area, the geological data can be brought into a sand box model and compared with the part of the content of the experimental output to check whether the geological data are matched, the accuracy of the experimental result is further guaranteed, if the geological data are not matched, the geological factors which obviously influence the crack development are not considered, the experimental result cannot represent the crack development characteristics under the real geological conditions, the first part needs to be returned, the experimental scheme is adjusted, the experimental model is improved, and then reliable crack development characteristic information can be obtained. And finally, counting and summarizing crack development characteristic information obtained by experiments, and providing data support for the next step of determining a crack development mode under the geological condition, as shown in fig. 5.
The embodiment of the invention is applied to the research of the crack development rule of the complex structural area in the northeast of the Sichuan basin, the distribution rule and the development mode of the crack of the three-fold catena beard river group in the area are determined, the detailed and reliable geological basis is provided for the well position arrangement of 2 wells and the evaluation of the next oil-gas exploration target, the industrial airflow is obtained, and the good application prospect is shown. By adjusting the material proportion and carrying out experimental tests, a novel material capable of dynamically showing crack development in the physical simulation of structural deformation is obtained, a new method for identifying and evaluating cracks is established, a crack development mode under a preset geological condition is obtained, the distribution characteristics, the evolution process and the formation mechanism of the structural cracks under different geological conditions are disclosed, and more scientific and effective bases are provided for exploring the development mode of the small-scale structural cracks of the rock ring and unconventional oil and gas exploration and development.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention obtains the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation amount and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; building an experimental sand box model according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; carrying out a physical simulation experiment of structural crack deformation on an experimental sample in the experimental sand box model, wherein the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion; recording crack plane information and crack section information in the experimental process; and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information. According to the embodiment of the invention, the experimental sand box model is set up according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area, the physical simulation experiment of the structural crack deformation of the experimental sample is carried out in the experimental sand box model, the powdery material with smaller particle size and larger cohesion is added in the experimental sample, so that the micro crack structure can be better shown in the physical simulation experiment of the structural crack deformation, the crack development characteristics can be effectively analyzed according to the crack plane information and the crack section information recorded in the experimental process, the scientific problems such as the crack distribution rule, the evolution process and the formation mechanism in the geological deformation can be explained, and the scientific and effective basis is provided for the unconventional oil and gas exploration and development.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a fracture development characteristic analysis method based on the physical simulation of structural deformation, which is described in the following embodiment. Since the principles of these solutions are similar to those of the above-described method, repeated descriptions are omitted.
In order to perform fracture development characteristic analysis and display tiny fracture structures, so as to facilitate exploring unconventional oil and gas exploration and development, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fracture development characteristic analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation, as shown in fig. 6, the method may include:
601, obtaining actual geological parameters, simulated geological deformation and simulated geological deformation rate of a crack development area;
and 603, analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information.
As can be seen from FIG. 6, the embodiment of the invention obtains the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation amount and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; recording crack plane information and crack section information in the physical simulation experiment process of the structural crack deformation; wherein the physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation is a physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation of the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model; the experimental sand box model is built according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion; and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information. The physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation is carried out on an experimental sample in an experimental sand box model, the experimental sand box model is constructed according to actual geological parameters, simulated geological deformation and simulated geological deformation rate of a fracture development area, and a powdery material with smaller particle size and larger cohesion is added into the experimental sample, so that a tiny fracture structure can be better displayed during the physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation, the fracture development characteristics are effectively analyzed according to fracture plane information and fracture profile information recorded in the experimental process, scientific problems such as a fracture distribution rule, an evolution process and a formation mechanism in the geological deformation can be explained, and a scientific and effective basis is provided for unconventional oil and gas exploration and development.
In one embodiment, the experimental sample is prepared by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion, and comprises the following components: the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material with a first set particle size and quartz sand with a second set particle size according to a set proportion, wherein the range of the first set particle size is [0.005mm, 0.010mm ], the range of the second set particle size is [0.125mm, 0.180mm ], and the range of the set proportion is [0.005mm, 0.010mm ].
In one embodiment, the recording of fracture plane information and fracture profile information during the experiment comprises: acquiring an image of a crack on the top surface of an experimental sand box model in an experimental process by using a camera to obtain crack plane information; and (3) carrying out section scanning on the experimental sand box model in the experimental process by using an industrial CT machine to obtain crack section information.
In one embodiment, performing fracture development characteristic analysis according to the fracture plane information and the fracture section information includes: determining first fracture development characteristic information of each fracture according to the fracture plane information, wherein the first fracture development characteristic information comprises: one or any combination of crack position information, crack form information, crack length information and crack orientation information; determining second fracture development characteristic information of each fracture according to the fracture profile information, wherein the second fracture development characteristic information comprises: one or any combination of crack number information, crack property information and crack occurrence information; and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the first crack development characteristic information and the second crack development characteristic information of each crack.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a crack development characteristic analysis device based on the physical simulation of structural deformation, which is described in the following embodiment. Because the principles of solving the problems are similar to the crack development characteristic analysis method based on the physical simulation of structural deformation, the implementation of the device can be referred to the implementation of the method, and repeated details are not repeated.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a crack growth characteristic analysis apparatus based on physical simulation of structural deformation in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus includes:
the data obtaining module 701 is used for obtaining actual geological parameters, simulated geological deformation and simulated geological deformation rate of a crack development area;
the information recording module 702 is used for recording fracture plane information and fracture section information in the physical simulation experiment process of the structural fracture deformation; wherein the physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation is a physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation of the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model; the experimental sand box model is built according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion;
and the characteristic analysis module 703 is configured to perform fracture development characteristic analysis according to the fracture plane information and the fracture profile information.
In one embodiment, the experimental sample is prepared by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion, and comprises the following components: the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material with a first set particle size and quartz sand with a second set particle size according to a set proportion, wherein the range of the first set particle size is [0.005mm, 0.010mm ], the range of the second set particle size is [0.125mm, 0.180mm ], and the range of the set proportion is [0.005mm, 0.010mm ].
In one embodiment, the information recording module 702 is further configured to:
acquiring an image of a crack on the top surface of an experimental sand box model in an experimental process by using a camera to obtain crack plane information;
and (3) carrying out section scanning on the experimental sand box model in the experimental process by using an industrial CT machine to obtain crack section information.
In one embodiment, the feature analysis module 703 is further configured to:
determining first fracture development characteristic information of each fracture according to the fracture plane information, wherein the first fracture development characteristic information comprises: one or any combination of crack position information, crack form information, crack length information and crack orientation information;
determining second crack development characteristic information of each crack according to the crack profile information, wherein the second crack development characteristic information comprises: one or any combination of crack number information, crack property information and crack occurrence information;
and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the first crack development characteristic information and the second crack development characteristic information of each crack.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention obtains the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation amount and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; recording crack plane information and crack section information in the physical simulation experiment process of the structural crack deformation; wherein the physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation is a physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation of the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model; the experimental sand box model is built according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion; and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information. The physical simulation experiment of the structural crack deformation is carried out on an experimental sample in an experimental sand box model, the experimental sand box model is built according to actual geological parameters, simulated geological deformation and simulated geological deformation rate of a crack development area, the small crack structure can be better shown in the physical simulation experiment of the structural crack deformation by adding powdery materials with smaller particle size and larger cohesion into the experimental sample, the crack development characteristics can be effectively analyzed according to crack plane information and crack section information recorded in the experimental process, scientific problems such as crack distribution rules, evolution processes and formation mechanisms in the geological deformation can be explained, and scientific and effective basis is provided for unconventional oil and gas exploration and development.
Based on the aforementioned inventive concept, as shown in fig. 8, the present invention further provides a computer apparatus 800, which includes a memory 810, a processor 820, and a computer program 830 stored in the memory 810 and executable on the processor 820, wherein the processor 820 executes the computer program 830 to implement the aforementioned fracture development characteristic analysis method based on the physical simulation of structural deformation.
Based on the foregoing inventive concept, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor, implements the foregoing fracture development feature analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the following descriptions are only illustrative and not restrictive, and that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (20)
1. A crack development characteristic analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring actual geological parameters, simulated geological deformation and simulated geological deformation rate of a crack development area;
building an experimental sand box model according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area;
carrying out a physical simulation experiment of structural crack deformation on an experimental sample in the experimental sand box model, wherein the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion;
recording crack plane information and crack section information in the experimental process;
and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information.
2. The method for analyzing the development characteristics of the cracks based on the physical simulation of the structural deformation of the claim 1, wherein the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion, and the method comprises the following steps: the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material with a first set particle size and quartz sand with a second set particle size according to a set proportion.
3. The structural deformation physical simulation-based fracture development characteristic analysis method according to claim 2, wherein the first set particle size is in a range of [0.005mm, 0.010mm ]; the value range of the second set particle size is [0.125mm, 0.180mm ]; the value range of the set proportion is [0.005mm, 0.010mm ].
4. The method for crack development characterization analysis based on physical simulation of formation deformation according to claim 1, wherein the powdered material comprises: kaolin and/or silica fume.
5. The fracture development feature analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation according to claim 1, wherein the recording of fracture plane information and fracture profile information during the experiment comprises:
acquiring an image of a crack on the top surface of an experimental sand box model in an experimental process by using a camera to obtain crack plane information;
and (3) carrying out section scanning on the experimental sand box model in the experimental process by using an industrial CT machine to obtain crack section information.
6. The fracture development feature analysis method based on the physical simulation of structural deformation according to claim 1, wherein the fracture development feature analysis is performed according to the fracture plane information and the fracture profile information, and comprises the following steps:
determining first fracture development characteristic information of each fracture according to the fracture plane information, wherein the first fracture development characteristic information comprises: one or any combination of crack position information, crack form information, crack length information and crack orientation information;
determining second crack development characteristic information of each crack according to the crack profile information, wherein the second crack development characteristic information comprises: one or any combination of crack number information, crack property information and crack occurrence information;
and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the first crack development characteristic information and the second crack development characteristic information of each crack.
7. The fracture development feature analysis method based on physical simulation of tectonic deformation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the simulated geological deformation of the fracture development area is obtained as follows:
obtaining actual geological deformation and length similarity factors of a crack development area;
and determining the simulated geological deformation of the crack development area according to the actual geological deformation and the length similarity factor.
8. The fracture development feature analysis method based on physical simulation of tectonic deformation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the simulated geological deformation rate of the fracture development area is obtained as follows:
obtaining an actual geological deformation rate, a length similarity factor, a density gravity factor, a density similarity factor and a viscosity similarity factor of a crack development area;
determining a stress similarity factor of a crack development area according to the length similarity factor, the density gravity factor and the density similarity factor;
determining a strain similarity factor of a crack development area according to the stress similarity factor and the viscosity similarity factor;
determining a speed similarity factor of a crack development area according to the strain similarity factor and the length similarity factor;
and determining the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area according to the actual geological deformation rate and the speed similarity factor.
9. The fracture development feature analysis method based on physical simulation of formation deformation according to claim 1, wherein the actual geological parameters of the fracture development area comprise: actual geological work area, actual geological work area length-width ratio and actual geological structure data;
according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area, an experimental sand box model is built, and the method comprises the following steps:
establishing an initial model according to a set similar proportion according to the actual geological work area, the actual geological work area length-width ratio and the actual geological structure data;
and adjusting the initial model according to the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate to obtain an experimental sand box model.
10. The structural deformation physical simulation-based crack development characteristic analysis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein before the structural crack deformation physical simulation experiment, an industrial CT machine is used for performing surrounding scanning on the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model to obtain scanning slice information;
determining whether the powdery material and the quartz sand in the experimental sample are uniformly mixed or not according to the scanning slice information;
carrying out a physical simulation experiment of the deformation of the construction crack on the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model, which comprises the following steps: and if the powdery material and the quartz sand in the experimental sample are uniformly mixed, performing a physical simulation experiment on the structural crack deformation of the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model.
11. A fracture development characteristic analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring actual geological parameters, simulated geological deformation and simulated geological deformation rate of a crack development area;
recording crack plane information and crack section information in the physical simulation experiment process of the structural crack deformation; wherein the physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation is a physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation of the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model; the experimental sand box model is built according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion;
and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the crack plane information and the crack section information.
12. The method for analyzing the development characteristics of the cracks based on the physical simulation of the structural deformation, as claimed in claim 11, wherein the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion, and comprises: the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material with a first set particle size and quartz sand with a second set particle size according to a set proportion, wherein the range of the first set particle size is [0.005mm, 0.010mm ], the range of the second set particle size is [0.125mm, 0.180mm ], and the range of the set proportion is [0.005mm, 0.010mm ].
13. The fracture development feature analysis method based on physical simulation of structural deformation according to claim 11, wherein the recording of fracture plane information and fracture profile information during the experiment comprises:
acquiring an image of a crack on the top surface of an experimental sand box model in an experimental process by using a camera to obtain crack plane information;
and (3) carrying out section scanning on the experimental sand box model in the experimental process by using an industrial CT machine to obtain crack section information.
14. The fracture development feature analysis method based on the physical simulation of structural deformation according to claim 11, wherein the fracture development feature analysis is performed according to the fracture plane information and the fracture profile information, and comprises the following steps:
determining first fracture development characteristic information of each fracture according to the fracture plane information, wherein the first fracture development characteristic information comprises: one or any combination of crack position information, crack form information, crack length information and crack orientation information;
determining second fracture development characteristic information of each fracture according to the fracture profile information, wherein the second fracture development characteristic information comprises: one or any combination of crack number information, crack property information and crack occurrence information;
and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the first crack development characteristic information and the second crack development characteristic information of each crack.
15. A crack development characteristic analysis device based on physical simulation of structural deformation is characterized by comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring actual geological parameters, simulated geological deformation and simulated geological deformation rate of a crack development area;
the information recording module is used for recording crack plane information and crack section information in the physical simulation experiment process of the structural crack deformation; wherein the physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation is a physical simulation experiment of the tectonic fracture deformation of the experimental sample in the experimental sand box model; the experimental sand box model is built according to the actual geological parameters, the simulated geological deformation and the simulated geological deformation rate of the crack development area; the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set proportion;
and the characteristic analysis module is used for carrying out crack development characteristic analysis according to the crack plane information and the crack section information.
16. The apparatus for analyzing the crack growth characteristics based on the physical simulation of the structural deformation of claim 15, wherein the experimental sample is prepared by mixing a powdery material and quartz sand according to a set ratio, and comprises: the experimental sample is formed by mixing a powdery material with a first set particle size and quartz sand with a second set particle size according to a set proportion, wherein the range of the first set particle size is [0.005mm, 0.010mm ], the range of the second set particle size is [0.125mm, 0.180mm ], and the range of the set proportion is [0.005mm, 0.010mm ].
17. The structural deformation physical simulation-based fracture development feature analysis device of claim 15, wherein the information recording module is further configured to:
acquiring an image of a crack on the top surface of an experimental sand box model in an experimental process by using a camera to obtain crack plane information;
and (3) carrying out section scanning on the experimental sand box model in the experimental process by using an industrial CT machine to obtain crack section information.
18. The structural deformation physics simulation-based fracture development characterization analysis apparatus of claim 15, wherein the characterization module is further configured to:
determining first fracture development characteristic information of each fracture according to the fracture plane information, wherein the first fracture development characteristic information comprises: one or any combination of crack position information, crack form information, crack length information and crack orientation information;
determining second fracture development characteristic information of each fracture according to the fracture profile information, wherein the second fracture development characteristic information comprises: one or any combination of fracture quantity information, fracture property information and fracture occurrence information;
and analyzing the crack development characteristics according to the first crack development characteristic information and the second crack development characteristic information of each crack.
19. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any of claims 11 to 14 when executing the computer program.
20. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any of claims 11 to 14.
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