CN114440780B - Roller diameter detection system and detection method based on laser velocimeter - Google Patents

Roller diameter detection system and detection method based on laser velocimeter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114440780B
CN114440780B CN202210109082.8A CN202210109082A CN114440780B CN 114440780 B CN114440780 B CN 114440780B CN 202210109082 A CN202210109082 A CN 202210109082A CN 114440780 B CN114440780 B CN 114440780B
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roller
measured
laser velocimeter
laser
velocimeter
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CN114440780A (en
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任俊杰
吴斌
胡翔
彭煜
杨振立
夏源
肖亿
颜贵林
欧华方
杨熙
周郢
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Hubei Institute Of Measurement And Testing Technology
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Hubei Institute Of Measurement And Testing Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a roller diameter detection system and a roller diameter detection method based on a laser velocimeter, which belong to the technical field of roller detection. The roller diameter detection method based on the laser velocimeter has the advantages that the system structure is simple, the detection method is simple and convenient, the operation process is not limited by the use environment, the roller diameter can be accurately measured without contact with the detection surface of the detected roller, the normal operation of the detection device of the vehicle wheel system is ensured, the detection error caused by factors such as reading error, position inclination error and the like in the traditional detection method is avoided, the roller diameter detection efficiency and precision are improved, and the method has the advantages of real time, high efficiency, comprehensiveness and the like.

Description

Roller diameter detection system and detection method based on laser velocimeter
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of roller detection, and particularly relates to a roller diameter detection system and method based on a laser velocimeter.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the demands for traveling are larger and larger, and the dependence of people on vehicles is higher and higher. In order to ensure safety and reliability during use of a vehicle, the vehicle often needs to be overhauled regularly, wherein the important point includes overhauling a wheel system.
At present, when the wheel system of the vehicle is overhauled, a roller type calibrating device is often used, and the roller type calibrating device is matched with the wheels of the vehicle to complete a corresponding detection process. In general, the roller type verification device comprises a pair of rollers, namely a main roller and an auxiliary roller, and the corresponding maintenance process is completed by utilizing the arrangement and rotation of the wheels of the automobile between every two rollers. For example, the verification and calibration process of the taximeter is completed.
However, after the main roller is used for a long time, the surface of the main roller is easy to wear, deform and the like, so that the diameter of the main roller is changed, and the accuracy of the verification results of parameters such as vehicle speed, inertia, sufficient emission time, parasitic power and the like in the vehicle detection process is directly influenced. Therefore, in the use process of the roller type verification device, the diameters of the main roller or the auxiliary roller are required to be measured regularly, and the diameters of the main roller and the auxiliary roller are ensured to meet the requirement of standard detection. In the existing detection process, the method is used for manual detection, namely the circumference of the main roller is measured manually by adopting a way that a pi ruler is wound around the main roller for one circle, or the diameter of the main roller is measured by a caliper. Although the diameter of the main roller can be measured to a certain extent by the mode, the measuring precision is poor, the operation level requirement on measuring staff is high, a large measuring error exists, the diameter detection process of the main roller cannot be accurately completed, the detection device cannot normally process, and the on-site operation difficulty angle and the detection cost are high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at one or more of the defects or improvement demands in the prior art, the invention provides a roller diameter detection system and a roller diameter detection method based on a laser velocimeter, which can rapidly and accurately measure the diameter of a roller, ensure the reliability and the accuracy of a roller type verification device in working and reduce errors in the detection process of a vehicle wheel system.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a roller diameter detection system based on a laser velocimeter for diameter detection of a roller to be measured with an axis disposed horizontally; the device comprises a laser velocimeter and a rotation angle measuring unit which are arranged corresponding to the measured roller;
the laser velocimeter is arranged above the roller to be tested and is used for detecting the tangential linear speed of the top of the roller to be tested in real time;
The rotation angle measuring unit is electrically connected with the laser velocimeter and is arranged on one side of the measured roller and used for detecting the rotation angle of the measured roller; meanwhile, a target is arranged on the roller to be tested, so that the target can be identified by the rotation angle measuring unit once when the roller to be tested rotates once, and a pulse signal is obtained;
correspondingly, the diameter of the part, opposite to the laser velocimeter, of the measured roller is calculated by the following formula:
In the formula (1), D is the diameter of the roller to be measured, and R is the radius of the roller to be measured; v t is the instantaneous linear velocity of the surface of the roller to be measured at time t; n is the number of pulse signals detected by the rotation angle measuring unit; t 1～t2 is the time elapsed from the measurement of the N pulse signals.
As a further improvement of the invention, the laser velocimeter comprises a transmitting assembly and a receiving assembly;
The emission component comprises a laser, a rotary grating and a converging lens which are sequentially arranged along a light path; the laser is used for generating a laser beam and emitting the laser beam to the rotary grating; the rotary grating and the laser are coaxially arranged and can rotate around the axis, so that a laser beam passes through the rotary grating and is converted into two beams of light, namely 0 level light coaxial with the laser beam and +1 level diffraction light at a certain angle with the laser beam; correspondingly, a first total reflection mirror is arranged in the emission component corresponding to the +1-order diffraction light, so that the +1-order diffraction light is reflected and then enters the converging lens in parallel with the 0-order light, and the convergence is completed on the surface of the roller to be measured;
The receiving component comprises a second total reflection mirror, a diaphragm, a collecting lens, a photoelectric detector and a signal processing unit; scattered light generated after the 0-order light and the +1-order diffracted light are converged on the top surface of the roller to be detected passes through the converging lens and is converted into parallel light beams, the parallel light beams pass through the second total reflecting mirror and the diaphragm in sequence and are converged on the photoelectric detector by the collecting lens, and the linear speed of a detection point is calculated by the photoelectric detector and the signal processing unit and is output.
As a further improvement of the invention, the instantaneous linear velocity v t of the surface of the roller to be measured at the time t is:
In the formula (2), f Dt is Doppler frequency generated by the surface motion of the roller to be detected at the time t, and the Doppler frequency is extracted by the photoelectric detector; lambda is the light source wavelength of the laser velocimeter; θ is the incident angle between the 0 th order light and the +1 st order diffracted light on the surface of the roller to be measured.
As a further development of the invention, the rotation angle measuring unit is provided integrally with the laser velocimeter or separately.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the target is detachably provided on the outer peripheral surface of the roller under test or on one side end face of the roller under test.
As a further improvement of the invention, the laser velocimeter is movably arranged, and the velocity measurement position of the laser velocimeter can be reciprocally changed along the axial direction of the roller to be measured.
In another aspect of the present invention, a roller diameter detection method based on a laser velocimeter is provided, which is implemented by using the roller diameter detection system based on the laser velocimeter, and includes the following steps:
(1) Cleaning the peripheral surface of a measured roller, and arranging a laser velocimeter above the measured roller to enable the laser velocimeter to measure tangential linear velocity at the highest position of the top of the measured roller;
(2) Setting a target and a rotation angle measuring unit on the measured roller, so that the measured roller just rotates for a circle when the rotation angle measuring unit sequentially detects the target twice;
(3) Controlling the rotation of the roller to be tested, and controlling the laser velocimeter to start working when the rotation angle measuring unit detects the upper edge of a primary pulse signal at the time t 1; stopping the measurement of the laser velocimeter when the rotation angle measurement unit detects the upper edge of the Nth pulse signal at time t 2;
(4) And integrating time according to the linear speed measured by the laser velocimeter to obtain the rotating distance of the measured roller in time t 1～t2, and obtaining the roller diameter at the measuring position by combining the formula (1).
As a further improvement of the present invention, after step (4), there is further performed the steps of:
(5) And (3) replacing the position, opposite to the periphery of the roller to be measured, of the laser velocimeter, and repeating the steps (3) and (4) to measure the diameters of the rollers at different positions of the roller to be measured.
As a further improvement of the invention, the rotating direction of the roller is judged by the magnitude relation between the signal frequency f s output by the laser velocimeter and the fixed frequency difference f b;
The fixed frequency difference f b is the frequency difference between the 0 order light and the +1 order diffraction light, and the difference between f s and f b is the Doppler frequency f D required for measuring the tangential linear velocity.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in the step (1), the method for controlling the measuring position of the laser velocimeter to be the highest position of the top of the measured roller comprises:
Opening the laser velocimeter, controlling the measured roller to rotate at a constant speed, enabling measuring laser of the laser velocimeter to be in a vertical plane and act on the outer peripheral surface of the measured roller, moving the laser velocimeter along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the measured roller, and checking the output speed of the laser velocimeter in the moving process; when the speed output value is maximum, the measuring position of the laser velocimeter is the highest position of the top of the measured roller.
The above-mentioned improved technical features can be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention have the beneficial effects compared with the prior art including:
(1) The roller diameter detection system based on the laser velocimeter is characterized in that a detection system consisting of the laser velocimeter and the rotation angle measurement unit is arranged on a detected roller which is horizontally arranged corresponding to an axis, the top tangential linear velocity of the detected roller is detected by the laser velocimeter when the detected roller rotates, the rotation angle of the detected roller in corresponding time is measured by the rotation angle measurement unit, the linear velocity and the rotation angle of the detected roller are combined, calculation is carried out through a corresponding formula, the diameter of the detected roller is accurately obtained, the efficiency and the accuracy of the roller diameter measurement process are improved, and the working accuracy of the roller type calibration device is ensured.
(2) According to the roller diameter detection system based on the laser velocimeter, through the structure of the laser velocimeter, the corresponding arrangement of the transmitting component and the receiving component is adopted, so that the laser velocimeter can generate 0-order light and +1-order diffraction light which are mutually at a certain angle, and the instantaneous linear velocity of the roller to be measured at the corresponding moment can be accurately obtained by utilizing the combined calculation of the incident angle, the light source wavelength, doppler frequency generated by the surface motion of the roller to be measured and other parameters, so that the guarantee is provided for the calculation of the diameter of the roller to be measured.
(3) The roller diameter detection method based on the laser velocimeter has the advantages that the system structure is simple, the detection method is simple and convenient, the operation process is not limited by the use environment, the roller diameter can be accurately measured without contact with the detection surface of the detected roller, the normal operation of the detection device of the vehicle wheel system is ensured, the detection error caused by factors such as reading error, position inclination error and the like in the traditional detection method is avoided, the roller diameter detection efficiency and precision are improved, and the method has the advantages of real time, high efficiency, comprehensiveness and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a roller diameter detection system based on a laser velocimeter in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a laser velocimeter used in the method for detecting the diameter of a roller in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the structure of a laser velocimeter-based roller diameter detection system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing signal reception of an angular velocity measurement unit of the roller diameter detection system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
like reference numerals denote like technical features throughout the drawings, in particular:
1. a laser velocimeter; 2. a roller to be tested; 3. a rotation angle measurement unit;
101. A laser; 102. rotating the grating; 103. a converging lens; 104. a first total reflection mirror; 105. a second total reflection mirror; 106. a diaphragm; 107. a collection lens; 108. a photodetector; 109. a signal processing unit; 110. a mounting bracket; 301. a target.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
Examples:
referring to fig. 1, the roller diameter detection method in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is implemented by a roller diameter detection system, which includes a laser velocimeter 1 and a rotation angle measurement unit 3 disposed corresponding to a roller 2 to be measured, the former is used to measure the linear velocity of the surface of the roller 2 to be measured, and the latter is used to measure the rotation angle of the roller 2 to be measured.
Specifically, the roller 2 to be tested in the preferred embodiment is of a cylindrical structure as shown in fig. 1, the bottom of the roller 2 to be tested is embedded in a pit below the ground, the top of the roller is protruded from the ground, and then the top of the roller is matched with the wheel of the vehicle to be calibrated in an abutting manner, and in actual operation, a secondary roller is preferably arranged on one side of the roller 2 to be tested, and the secondary roller and the roller are matched to complete the support of the wheel of the vehicle to be calibrated, so that the outer peripheral surface of the bottom of the wheel is respectively abutted against the roller 2 to be tested and the secondary roller, and further the rotation driving of the wheel is completed.
Further, the laser velocimeter 1 in the preferred embodiment is mounted above the roller 2 to be measured by a mounting bracket 110, as shown in fig. 3, from which the linear velocity of the top of the roller 2 to be measured is correspondingly measured. In actual measurement, the measuring position of the laser velocimeter 1 is the highest position of the top of the measured roller 2.
In the preferred embodiment, in order to determine whether the measurement position of the laser velocimeter 1 is the highest position of the top of the measured roller 2, it is preferably implemented by translating the measurement position of the laser velocimeter 1, when the rotation speed of the measured roller 2 is fixed, if the position of the laser velocimeter 1 is translated along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the roller axis, the speed output value will correspondingly change, and when the speed output value of the laser velocimeter 1 is the highest, the speed measurement position is just the highest position of the top of the measured roller 2.
Of course, in addition to the above manner, in the preferred embodiment, other functional components may be provided to identify the speed measurement position of the measured roller 2, for example, a laser rangefinder is correspondingly provided in the laser velocimeter 1, which may emit laser light vertically, and receive the laser light reflected from the measured roller 2, so as to determine whether the speed measurement position is the highest position of the top of the measured roller 2. When the speed measuring position is not the highest position of the top of the measured roller 2, the laser emitted by the laser range finder cannot be reflected back to the laser range finder, and even if a small amount of light beams are reflected back, the measured distance is larger; when the speed measuring position is the highest position of the top of the measured roller 2, the laser range finder can receive the emitted laser, and the measured distance is the smallest.
Further, the rotation angle measuring unit 3 in the preferred embodiment may also be disposed above the roller 2 to be measured by the mounting bracket 110, as shown in fig. 1, and accordingly, a target 301 is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the roller 2 to be measured. In actual operation, when the rotation angle measuring unit 3 detects two pulses in sequence, it indicates that the measured roller 2 rotates one circle.
Specifically, the rotation angle measurement process of the measured roller 2 is preferably:
The light emitted by the rotation angle measuring unit 3 is incident to the surface of the measured roller 2 along the radial direction of the roller, and the emergent light is received by the photoelectric detector 108 in the rotation angle measuring unit 3 after being reflected by the measured roller 2. By attaching a target 301 with high reflectivity to the surface of the roller 2 to be measured, as shown in fig. 1, the rotation angle measuring unit 3 outputs a pulse signal every time the roller 2 to be measured rotates. After the shaping process, the pulse signal received by the rotation angle measuring unit 3 is shown in fig. 4.
Within the measurement time T, there is a relationship T calculated as the time interval from the time T 1 at which the first pulse signal rising edge is received to the time T 2 at which the nth pulse signal rising edge is received:
in the formula, ω t is the instantaneous angular velocity of the main roller at time t, and N is the number of pulses received by the rotation angle measuring unit 3.
Further, the linear velocity measurement process of a point on the surface of the roller 2 to be measured is preferably as follows:
At the time t 1 when the rotation angle measuring unit 3 receives the rising edge of the first pulse signal, the laser velocimeter 1 starts measuring the linear velocity of the top surface of the measured wheel 2, and stops measuring at the time t 2 when the rotation angle measuring unit 3 receives the rising edge of the nth pulse signal. From the doppler effect, the instantaneous linear velocity v t of the roller surface at time t is:
Wherein f Dt is Doppler frequency generated by the surface motion of the roller 2 to be measured at the time t; lambda is the light source wavelength of the laser velocimeter 1; θ is the angle between the two incident light beams.
Correspondingly, in the time t 1-t2, the length of the roller 2 to be measured is as follows:
from the formula v=ω·r:
v·T＝ω·T·R (4)
By combining the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4), the diameter D of the measured roller 2 is:
wherein R is the radius of the roller 2 to be measured.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the laser velocimeter 1 is shown in a schematic structural diagram in fig. 2, comprising a transmitting assembly and a receiving assembly; wherein the emission component comprises a laser 101, a rotary grating 102, a converging lens 103 and a first total reflection mirror 104; the receiving assembly comprises a second total reflection mirror 105, a diaphragm 106, a collecting lens 107, a photodetector 108 and a signal processing unit 109.
Specifically, the laser 101 emits a beam of laser light and irradiates the laser light on the rotating grating 102 to obtain 0-order light and +1-order diffracted light, and at this time, the 0-order light is coaxial with the optical path when the laser 101 emits the laser light, and is further coaxial with the rotating grating 102; accordingly, the +1st order diffracted light is transmitted at an angle to the axis of the rotating grating 102, i.e., at an angle to the 0 th order light. The +1 order diffracted light is then reflected off of the first total reflection mirror 104, parallel to the 0 order light, resulting in two parallel beams. The two sets of parallel light books are converged to the top surface of the measured wheel 2 via the converging lens 103, and the angle θ between the convergence of the two sets of parallel light is shown in fig. 3.
Further, scattered light from the measured roller 2 is collected by the converging lens 103, each scattered light passes through the converging lens 103 and then shifts the parallel light beam, the parallel light beam is turned by the second total reflection mirror 105, then is converged on the photosensitive surface of the photodetector 108 through the diaphragm 106 and the collecting lens 107, and finally, the original Doppler current signal output by the photodetector 108 is processed by the signal processing unit 109, doppler frequency is extracted, and thus tangential movement velocity v of the detection point on the measured roller 2 is calculated and output.
It should be noted that, in the light path, the 0-order light and the +1-order diffracted light output by the rotating grating 102 are utilized, and in consideration of the diffraction effect and the rotation motion of the grating, a fixed frequency difference f b exists between the two light paths, so that the rotation direction of the roller 2 to be measured can be determined. Because of the arrangement of the rotary grating 102 and the existence of the fixed frequency difference f b, the laser velocimeter 1 can avoid errors or interference signals introduced when the measured roller 2 shakes (equivalent to the roller rotating by a certain angle) by identifying the rotation direction of the measured roller 2, so that the accuracy of the detection result is further ensured.
The specific judgment principle is as follows: the rotation of the measured roller 2 causes the frequency f s of the output signal of the photodetector 108 to change the Doppler frequency f D on the basis of the fixed frequency difference f b, and the different directions correspond to f b+fD or f b-fD, so that the rotation direction of the roller can be judged according to the magnitude relation between the frequency f s of the final output signal and the fixed frequency difference f b, and the difference between f s and f b is the Doppler frequency f D required for measurement.
Further, the rotation angle measuring unit 3 in the preferred embodiment may be provided integrally with the laser velocimeter 1 or may be provided separately from the laser velocimeter 1. For example, in a preferred embodiment, the rotation angle measuring unit 3 is provided separately on the ground on one side of the roller 2 to be measured, which is opposite to a position of the outer circumference or end face of the roller 2 to be measured, and accordingly, the target 301 is provided on the outer circumference or end face of the roller 2 to be measured. In order to avoid the influence of the target setting on the verification operation of the roller 2 to be tested, the target 301 in the preferred embodiment is set in a detachable form, for example, in a magnetic attraction structure or an embedded structure, so that the surface of the roller 2 to be tested in the setting position is ensured not to bulge to interfere with the normal operation of the roller 2 to be tested.
Obviously, in actual setting, the targets 301 may be set on both end surfaces of the roller 2 to be measured, so that the setting positions thereof are spaced from the working peripheral surface of the roller 2 to be measured, and the accuracy of the operation of the rotation angle measuring unit 3 is ensured.
In addition, for the laser velocimeter 1 in the preferred embodiment, the bottom of the mounting bracket 110 is preferably movably disposed, so that the velocimeter position of the laser velocimeter 1 can be correspondingly switched in the axial direction of the measured roller 2, thereby measuring the diameters of different parts in the axial direction of the measured roller 2 and accurately judging the diameters of each part of the measured roller 2.
In summary, the roller diameter detection method based on the laser velocimeter 1 in the preferred embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) Cleaning impurities on the surface of the roller 2 to be tested, and ensuring the cleanliness of all parts of the roller 2 to be tested;
(2) A target 301 with high reflectivity is arranged on the surface or the end surface of the roller 2 to be measured, and a rotation angle measuring unit 3 is arranged corresponding to the target 301, so that when the roller 2 to be measured rotates once, the target 301 is identified once, and the rotation angle of the roller 2 to be measured is measured; correspondingly, the laser velocimeter 1 is arranged above the measured roller 2, so that the converging lens 103 of the laser velocimeter just faces the highest position of the top of the measured roller 2, namely, the linear velocity direction of the measuring point is the horizontal direction.
(3) The roller 2 to be tested is turned on to rotate so that the roller rotates at a fixed speed; when the rotation angle measuring unit 3 detects the upper edge of the primary pulse signal at time t 1, the laser velocimeter 1 starts to work, and the laser velocimeter measures the surface linear speed of the roller 2 to be measured; stopping the measurement of the laser velocimeter 1 when the rotation angle measuring unit 3 detects the upper edge of the nth pulse signal at time t 2;
(4) Integrating the time according to the linear speed obtained by the laser velocimeter 1 to obtain the rotating distance of the roller 2 to be measured in the time T; meanwhile, according to the angle of the measured roller 2 measured by the rotation angle measuring unit 3 in the time T, the roller diameter of the measuring position can be obtained by combining the formula (5);
(5) And (3) replacing the position of the laser velocimeter 1 opposite to the periphery of the measured roller 2, repeating the steps (3) and (4), measuring the diameters of the rollers at different positions of the measured roller 2, and judging whether the diameters of all parts of the measured roller 2 are in a normal range.
The roller diameter detection system and the roller diameter detection method based on the laser velocimeter are simple in system structure, simple and convenient in detection method, free of limitation of use environment in the operation process, free of contact with the detection surface of the detected roller, capable of accurately measuring the diameter of the roller, capable of guaranteeing normal operation of a vehicle wheel system detection device, capable of avoiding detection errors caused by factors such as reading errors and position inclination errors in the traditional detection method, capable of improving roller diameter detection efficiency and accuracy, and real-time, efficient, comprehensive and the like.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. The roller diameter detection system based on the laser velocimeter is used for detecting the diameter of a detected roller with a horizontally arranged axis; the device is characterized by comprising a laser velocimeter and a rotation angle measuring unit which are arranged corresponding to the measured roller;
The laser velocimeter is arranged above the roller to be tested and is used for detecting the tangential linear speed at the highest position of the top of the roller to be tested in real time; and is also provided with
The laser velocimeter comprises a transmitting component and a receiving component; the emission component comprises a laser, a rotary grating and a converging lens which are sequentially arranged along a light path; the laser is used for generating a laser beam and emitting the laser beam to the rotary grating; the rotary grating and the laser are coaxially arranged and can rotate around the axis, so that a laser beam passes through the rotary grating and is converted into two beams of light, namely 0 level light coaxial with the laser beam and +1 level diffraction light at a certain angle with the laser beam; correspondingly, a first total reflection mirror is arranged in the emission component corresponding to the +1-order diffraction light, so that the +1-order diffraction light is reflected and then enters the converging lens in parallel with the 0-order light, and the convergence is completed on the surface of the roller to be measured;
The receiving component comprises a second total reflection mirror, a diaphragm, a collecting lens, a photoelectric detector and a signal processing unit; scattered light generated after the 0-order light and the +1-order diffracted light are converged on the top surface of the roller to be detected passes through the converging lens and is converted into parallel light beams, the parallel light beams pass through the second total reflecting mirror and the diaphragm in sequence and are converged on the photoelectric detector by the collecting lens, and the linear speed of a detection point is calculated by the photoelectric detector and the signal processing unit and is output;
the judgment of the measuring position of the laser velocimeter is realized by translating the measuring position of the laser velocimeter, the rotation speed of the measured roller is controlled to be certain, the position of the laser velocimeter is translated along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis of the roller, and the measuring position of the laser velocimeter with the maximum speed output value is taken as the highest position of the top of the measured roller;
The rotating angle measuring unit is electrically connected with the laser velocimeter, the rotating angle measuring unit and the laser velocimeter are arranged above the measured roller through the mounting bracket, and a target is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the measured roller, so that the target can be identified by the rotating angle measuring unit once every time the measured roller rotates one circle, and a pulse signal is obtained;
correspondingly, the diameter of the part, opposite to the laser velocimeter, of the measured roller is calculated by the following formula:
（1）
In the formula (1), D is the diameter of the roller to be measured, and R is the radius of the roller to be measured; v t is the instantaneous linear velocity of the surface of the roller to be measured at time t; n is the number of pulse signals detected by the rotation angle measuring unit; t 1~t2 is the time elapsed from the measurement of the N pulse signals.
2. The laser velocimeter-based roller diameter detection system of claim 1 wherein the instantaneous linear velocity v t of the measured roller surface at time t is:
（2）
in the formula (2), f Dt is Doppler frequency generated by the surface motion of the roller to be detected at the time t, and the Doppler frequency is extracted by the photoelectric detector; the wavelength of the light source of the laser velocimeter; the incidence angle between the 0 th order light and the +1 st order diffracted light on the surface of the roller to be measured is set.
3. The laser velocimeter-based roller diameter detection system of claim 1, wherein the rotation angle measurement unit is provided integrally with the laser velocimeter or separately.
4. The laser velocimeter-based roller diameter detection system of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the target is detachably disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the roller under test.
5. The roller diameter detection system based on the laser velocimeter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the laser velocimeter is movably arranged, and the speed measurement position of the laser velocimeter can be reciprocally changed along the axial direction of the roller to be measured.
6. A roller diameter detection method based on a laser velocimeter, which is realized by the roller diameter detection system based on the laser velocimeter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Cleaning the peripheral surface of a measured roller, and arranging a laser velocimeter above the measured roller to enable the laser velocimeter to measure tangential linear velocity at the highest position of the top of the measured roller;
(2) Setting a target and a rotation angle measuring unit on the measured roller, so that the measured roller just rotates for a circle when the rotation angle measuring unit sequentially detects the target twice;
(3) Controlling the rotation of the roller to be tested, and controlling the laser velocimeter to start working when the rotation angle measuring unit detects the upper edge of a primary pulse signal at the time t 1; stopping the measurement of the laser velocimeter when the rotation angle measurement unit detects the upper edge of the Nth pulse signal at time t 2;
(4) And integrating time according to the linear speed measured by the laser velocimeter to obtain the rotating distance of the measured roller in time t 1~t2, and obtaining the roller diameter at the measuring position by combining the formula (1).
7. The method for detecting the diameter of a roller based on a laser velocimeter according to claim 6, wherein after the step (4), further comprising the steps of:
(5) And (3) replacing the position, opposite to the periphery of the roller to be measured, of the laser velocimeter, and repeating the steps (3) and (4) to measure the diameters of the rollers at different positions of the roller to be measured.
8. The laser velocimeter-based roller diameter detection method of claim 6 or 7, wherein a frequency of a signal output by the laser velocimeterAnd a fixed frequency differenceJudging the rotating direction of the roller according to the magnitude relation of the roller;
The fixed frequency difference Is the frequency difference between the 0 th order light and the +1 st order diffracted light, andAnd (3) withThe difference is the Doppler frequency required for measuring the tangential linear velocity。
9. The roller diameter detection method based on the laser velocimeter according to claim 6 or 7, wherein in the step (1), the method for controlling the measurement position of the laser velocimeter to be the highest position of the top of the roller to be measured is as follows:
Opening the laser velocimeter, controlling the measured roller to rotate at a constant speed, enabling measuring laser of the laser velocimeter to be in a vertical plane and act on the outer peripheral surface of the measured roller, moving the laser velocimeter along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the measured roller, and checking the output speed of the laser velocimeter in the moving process; when the speed output value is maximum, the measuring position of the laser velocimeter is the highest position of the top of the measured roller.
CN202210109082.8A 2022-01-28 Roller diameter detection system and detection method based on laser velocimeter Active CN114440780B (en)

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CN104833816A (en) * 2015-04-29 2015-08-12 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 Laser doppler velocity measurement device based on rotating grating and velocity measurement method of laser doppler velocity measurement device
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