CN114439936A

CN114439936A - End face gear shifting mechanism and control method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114439936A
Application number: CN202210069072.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郝庆军; 冯涛; 陆中华; 耿建涛; 王琳; 庞占宇
Original assignee: Capotech Suzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Capotech Suzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-21
Filing date: 2022-01-21
Publication date: 2022-05-06
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-21
Also published as: CN114439936B

Abstract

The invention provides an end face gear shifting mechanism and a control method thereof, wherein no matter a shifting fork is positioned at any position, force from the shifting fork only generates bending moment on an end face gear shifting drum shaft, and no torque is generated, so that the end face gear shifting drum is ensured not to rotate due to external force such as vibration and impact and gear shifting reaction force, and the accuracy of the gear position is ensured; meanwhile, the speed reducing mechanism is protected from impact load, and the durability of the speed reducing mechanism is improved; the gear shifting groove is designed on the cylindrical end surface of the end surface gear shifting drum, so that the gear shifting drum is small in size, flexible in arrangement and suitable for gear control of a single shifting fork; one shifting fork is controlled by one set of mechanism, the arrangement on the gearbox is more flexible compared with a drum type gear shifting mechanism, sequential gear shifting is not needed, and combination of any gears can be realized.

Description

End face gear shifting mechanism and control method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of gear shifting mechanisms, in particular to an end face gear shifting mechanism and a control method thereof.

Background

In the gear shifting drum structure in the prior art, one shaft is provided with 2-3 specially designed grooves, each groove drives one shifting fork, the shifting forks are pushed to synchronously and axially move when the gear shifting drum rotates, so that gear combination is realized, and a plurality of shifting forks are controlled by one gear shifting drum to realize sequential gear shifting; however, the scheme has the defects that the arrangement is not flexible, only sequential gear shifting can be realized by adopting the arrangement mode of one shaft and multiple drums, and gear jumping cannot be realized, and the arrangement mode of one shaft and one drum has high arrangement cost, more used parts and large occupied space.

In addition, still provide a ball or rack and pinion structure among the prior art and realize shifting, its mechanism is including shifting gear motor, reduction gears, ball/rack and pinion constitution, shifts in order to realize shifting through a set of shift fork of mechanism control, but this kind of mode of shifting can lead to shifting on the impact force directly conducts ball, leads to ball life-span to reduce, and rack and pinion precision reduces simultaneously.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides an end face gear shifting mechanism and a control method thereof.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an end face gearshift, includes gear shifting motor (1), the input of the output shaft reduction gears (3) of gear shifting motor (1), terminal surface shift drum (4) is connected to the output of reduction gears (3), the slot of shifting has been seted up to the inside of terminal surface shift drum (4), and the top of shift fork guide pin subassembly (6) is located the inside of slot of shifting just can be followed the channel cooperation motion of slot of shifting, shift fork (5) have been linked firmly to the bottom of shift fork guide pin subassembly (6).

Further, the groove of the gear shifting groove is arranged to be C-shaped in cross section.

Further, N keeps off and sets up in the middle part position of channel, and 1 keeps off and 2 keep off and set up respectively in the both ends tip position of channel.

Further, the channel comprises a 1-gear position section (11), a 1-N gear shifting position section (13), an N-gear position section (14), an N-2 gear shifting position section (16) and a 2-gear position section (17) which are connected in sequence.

Further, gear shifting contours corresponding to the 1-gear position section (11), the N-gear position section (14) and the 2-gear position section (17) are arc lines; the shifting contour corresponding to the 1-N shifting position section (13) and the N-2 shifting position section (16) is a smooth transition curve.

Further, the central angles of the 1-gear position section (11), the N-gear position section (14) and the 2-gear position section (17) relative to the rotation axis of the end face shift drum (4) are theta 1; the central angle of the 1-N shift position section (13) and the N-2 shift position section (16) relative to the rotation axis of the end face shift drum (4) is theta 2, and theta 1< theta 2 is satisfied.

Furthermore, the radius of the 1-gear position section (11) is R-L, the radius of the N-gear position section (14) is R, and the radius of the 2-gear position section (17) is R + L.

Further, the width (19) of each position section of the channel is D.

Furthermore, an angle sensor (2) connected with the end face gear shift drum (4) is arranged at the top of the speed reducing mechanism (3).

A control method of the end face gear shifting mechanism is also provided, which comprises the following steps:

the gear-up process:

when the gear is switched from N gear to 1 gear, the end face gear shift drum rotates clockwise by an angle theta 1+ theta 2, and the shifting fork moves by an distance L;

when the gear is switched from N gear to 2 gear, the end face gear shift drum rotates anticlockwise by an angle theta 1+ theta 2, and the shifting fork moves by an distance L;

when the gear is switched from 1 gear to 2 gears, the end face gear shift drum rotates anticlockwise by an angle of 2 (theta 1+ theta 2), and the moving distance of the shifting fork is 2L;

a gear-down process:

when the gear is switched from 2-gear to N-gear, the end face gear shift drum rotates clockwise by an angle theta 1+ theta 2, and the shifting fork moves by an distance L;

when the gear is switched from 1 gear to N gear, the end face gear shift drum rotates anticlockwise by an angle theta 1+ theta 2, and the shifting fork moves by an distance L;

when the gear is switched from 2 gears to 1 gear, the end face gear shift drum rotates clockwise by an angle of 2 (theta 1+ theta 2), and the shifting fork moves by a distance of 2L.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) the invention provides an end face gear shifting mechanism and a control method thereof, wherein no matter a shifting fork is positioned at any position, force from the shifting fork only generates bending moment on an end face gear shifting drum shaft, and no torque is generated, so that the end face gear shifting drum is ensured not to rotate due to external force such as vibration and impact and gear shifting reaction force, and the accuracy of the gear position is ensured; meanwhile, the speed reducing mechanism is protected from impact load, and the durability of the speed reducing mechanism is improved.

2) The invention provides an end face gear shifting mechanism and a control method thereof.

3) The invention provides an end face gear shifting mechanism and a control method thereof.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the shift grooves of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a developed view of the shift grooves of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural bottom view of the shifting mechanism in the N-gear position.

Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the shift mechanism of the present invention in gear 1.

Fig. 7 is a bottom view of the shift mechanism of the present invention in 2-speed configuration.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the shift groove of the present invention located in the N-gear.

Fig. 9 is an expanded view of the shift grooves in the N-range according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the shift grooves in the 1 st gear according to the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a developed schematic view of the shift grooves of the present invention in gear 1.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the shift grooves in 2 nd gear according to the present invention.

Fig. 13 is an expanded view of the shift grooves of the present invention in 2 nd gear.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

[ example 1]

As shown in fig. 1-2, the end face gear shifting mechanism provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a gear shifting motor 1, an output shaft of the gear shifting motor 1 is connected to an input end of a speed reducing mechanism 3, an output end of the speed reducing mechanism 3 is connected to an end face gear shifting drum 4, a gear shifting groove is formed in the end face gear shifting drum 4, a top of a shift fork guide pin assembly 6 is located in the gear shifting groove and can move along a channel of the gear shifting groove in a matching manner, a shift fork 5 is fixedly connected to a bottom of the shift fork guide pin assembly 6, a sliding sleeve 9 is fixed in the shift fork 5, a shift fork shaft 7 is fixedly connected to a top of the shift fork 5, and a sliding bearing 8 is sleeved on the shift fork shaft 7. As shown in fig. 2, an angle sensor 2 connected to an end face shift drum 4 is provided on the top of the reduction mechanism 3.

The speed reducing mechanism 3 may be a gear box, for example, and in order to change the moving direction, a bevel gear pair or a worm and gear mechanism, for example, is further provided in the speed reducing mechanism 3, which will not be described herein.

This mechanism is provided power by gear shift motor 1, realizes through reduction gears 3 that the speed reduction increases turns round the back drive terminal surface shift drum 4 rotatory, and the inside slot of shifting of terminal surface shift drum 4 drives its inside shift fork guide pin subassembly 6 and shifts the inside synchronous action of slot, and shift fork guide pin subassembly 6 drives bottom shift fork 5 again and corresponds the action with sliding sleeve 9 and declutch shift shaft 7 synchronization to realize sliding sleeve 9 and the combination and the separation of combining the tooth, thereby realize shifting gears.

As shown in fig. 3-4, in this embodiment, the groove of the shift groove is configured to have a C-shaped cross section, the N-gear is disposed at the middle position of the groove, and the 1-gear and the 2-gear are respectively disposed at the end positions of the two ends of the groove, so that the accuracy of the gear position is ensured, and the shift groove also has the advantages of small occupied size, flexible arrangement, and suitability for gear control of a single shift fork.

As shown in fig. 3-4, the race includes a 1 st gear position section 11, a 1-N shift position section 13, an N th gear position section 14, an N-2 shift position section 16, and a 2 nd gear position section 17, which are connected in series. The gear shifting contours corresponding to the 1-gear position section 11, the N-gear position section 14 and the 2-gear position section 17 are arc lines; the shifting contours corresponding to the 1-N shift position segment 13 and the N-2 shift position segment 16 are smooth transition curves. The accurate stability of the gear position after gear shifting is ensured through the arc line, and meanwhile, vibration and impact can be reduced, and the durability is improved; the smooth transition curve can reduce vibration and impact in the gear shifting process.

As shown in fig. 3 to 4, the central angle of the 1-shift position range 11, the N-shift position range 14, and the 2-shift position range 17 with respect to the rotation axis of the face shift drum 4 is θ 1; the central angle of the 1-N shifting position section 13 and the N-2 shifting position section 16 relative to the rotation axis of the end face shift drum 4 is theta 2, and theta 1< theta 2 is satisfied, so that the reliability and stability of the gear shift process and the gear shift process after the gear shift is finished are ensured through the relatively long shifting section and the relatively short gear shift section.

As shown in fig. 3 to 4, the radius 12 of the 1 st gear position segment 11 is R-L, the radius 15 of the N th gear position segment 14 is R, and the radius 18 of the 2 nd gear position segment 17 is R + L, that is, the radius difference between the 1 st gear position segment 11, the N th gear position segment 14, and the 2 nd gear position segment 17 is L. Through the gear shifting strokes with the same two ends, the occupied size is reduced, and meanwhile, the balance and stability of the gear shifting process are further guaranteed. In addition, in this embodiment, the width 19 of each position section of channel is D to thereby avoid shifting the in-process shift fork guide pin subassembly 6 and shift fork 5 to produce the vibration of jolting from top to bottom under the drive of terminal surface shift drum 4 and cause the impact to the process of shifting gears.

[ example 2]

As shown in fig. 5 to 13, the present embodiment 2 further provides a method for controlling a face shift mechanism, including the steps of:

the gear-up process: the gear is initially in gear N, as shown in figures 5, 8-9,

when the gear is switched from the N gear to the 1 gear, namely, when the gear is switched from the state shown in fig. 5 to the state shown in fig. 6, the end face gear shift drum rotates clockwise by an angle theta 1+ theta 2, and the shifting fork moves by an distance L; the post-shift gear is in gear 1, as shown in fig. 10-11.

When the gear is switched from the N gear to the 2 gear, namely, when the gear is switched from the state shown in fig. 5 to the state shown in fig. 7, the end face gear shift drum rotates anticlockwise by an angle theta 1+ theta 2, and the shifting fork moves by an distance L; the post-shift gear is in gear 2 as shown in fig. 12-13.

When the gear is switched from the 1 gear to the 2 gear, namely, when the gear is switched from the state shown in fig. 6 to the state shown in fig. 7, the end face shift drum rotates counterclockwise by an angle 2(θ 1+ θ 2), and the shift fork moves by a distance 2L.

A gear shifting process:

when the gear is switched from the 2-gear to the N-gear, the gear is initially located at the 2-gear, as shown in fig. 12-13, that is, when the gear is switched from fig. 7 to the state shown in fig. 5, the end face shift drum rotates clockwise by an angle theta 1+ theta 2, and the shifting fork moves by an distance L; the post-shift gear is in N, as shown in FIGS. 8-9.

When the gear is switched from the 1 gear to the N gear, the gear is initially located at the 1 gear, as shown in fig. 10-11, that is, when the gear is switched from fig. 6 to the state shown in fig. 5, the end face shift drum rotates counterclockwise by an angle theta 1+ theta 2, and the shifting fork moves by an distance L; the post-shift gear is in N, as shown in FIGS. 8-9.

When the gear is switched from 2 to 1, that is, from fig. 7 to fig. 6, the end face shift drum rotates clockwise by an angle 2(θ 1+ θ 2), and the shift fork moves by a distance 2L.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an end face gearshift, includes gear change motor (1), the input of the output shaft of gear change motor (1) reduction gears (3), end face shift drum (4), its characterized in that are connected to the output of reduction gears (3):

the gear shifting groove is formed in the end face gear shifting drum (4), the top of the shifting fork guide pin assembly (6) is located in the gear shifting groove and can move along the channel of the gear shifting groove in a matched mode, and a shifting fork (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shifting fork guide pin assembly (6).

2. A face shift mechanism as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the groove channel of the gear shifting groove is arranged to be C-shaped in section.

3. A face shift mechanism as set forth in claim 2 wherein: n keeps off and sets up in the middle part position of channel, and 1 keeps off and 2 keep off and set up respectively in the both ends tip position of channel.

4. A face shift mechanism according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the channel comprises a 1-gear position section (11), a 1-N gear shifting position section (13), an N-gear position section (14), an N-2 gear shifting position section (16) and a 2-gear position section (17) which are connected in sequence.

5. The face shift mechanism of claim 4, wherein: the gear shifting contours corresponding to the 1-gear position section (11), the N-gear position section (14) and the 2-gear position section (17) are arc lines; the shifting contour corresponding to the 1-N shifting position section (13) and the N-2 shifting position section (16) is a smooth transition curve.

6. The face shift mechanism of claim 4, wherein: the central angles of the 1-gear position section (11), the N-gear position section (14) and the 2-gear position section (17) relative to the rotation axis of the end face shift drum (4) are theta 1; the central angle of the 1-N shift position section (13) and the N-2 shift position section (16) relative to the rotation axis of the end face shift drum (4) is theta 2, and theta 1< theta 2 is satisfied.

7. The face shift mechanism of claim 4, wherein: the radius of the 1-gear position section (11) is R-L, the radius of the N-gear position section (14) is R, and the radius of the 2-gear position section (17) is R + L.

8. The face shift mechanism of claim 4, wherein: the width (19) of each position section of the channel is D.

9. A face shift mechanism according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that: and an angle sensor (2) connected with the end face gear shift drum (4) is arranged at the top of the speed reducing mechanism (3).

10. A control method of an end face gear shifting mechanism is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the gear-up process:

a gear-down process: