CN114437835A - Gas guide device of catalytic furnace - Google Patents
Gas guide device of catalytic furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN114437835A CN114437835A CN202210089181.4A CN202210089181A CN114437835A CN 114437835 A CN114437835 A CN 114437835A CN 202210089181 A CN202210089181 A CN 202210089181A CN 114437835 A CN114437835 A CN 114437835A
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- side wall
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 264
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 226
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
Abstract
The invention discloses an air guide device of a catalytic furnace, which comprises: the gasification furnace body is internally provided with a gasification cavity for containing materials to be gasified to perform gasification reaction on the materials. The inner side wall of the gasification cavity is provided with an annular gas guide ring groove which is communicated with the gasification cavity so that gas generated by the gasification reaction of materials in the gasification cavity enters the gas guide ring groove to converge. The outer side wall of the gasification furnace body is provided with a gas guide pipe communicated with the gas guide ring groove, and the gas guide pipe is used for guiding the gas converged in the gas guide ring groove outwards out of the gasification furnace body. In the gasification furnace, the gas taking and guiding ring groove is an 'annular surface', and the gas stroke in the gasification cavity is also an 'annular surface', so that the speed of taking and guiding the gas into and into the gas guiding ring groove can be improved, the gas taking and guiding of the gas by the gas guide pipe is balanced, the quality is stable, and the materials in the gasification furnace are not easy to form 'vacant positions' in the gasification process, thereby improving the continuity and stability of the gasification furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gasification furnaces, in particular to an air guide device of a catalytic furnace.
Background
The existing gasification furnace is generally an updraft type gasification furnace, i.e. a gas outlet is arranged at the top of the gasification furnace, and a gas conduit is connected at the gas outlet so as to take out the gas generated by the gasification reaction in the gasification furnace out of the gasification furnace. Because the gas taking and guiding opening is a point and the gas stroke in the gasification furnace is a line, the materials in the gasification furnace on the gas stroke line are easy to be completely gasified, while the materials in other positions are slow to be gasified, so that a vacancy is easy to be formed in the inner cavity of the gasification furnace body; on the other hand, the quality of the fuel gas extracted and guided by the fuel gas guide pipe can be changed continuously along with the change of the height of the material in the furnace and the change of the quantity of the material, the quality of the fuel gas is unstable, and a 'vacancy' is easily formed in the fuel gas guide pipe, so that the efficiency of the gasification reaction is reduced, and the continuity and the stability of the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an air guide device of a catalytic furnace, which aims to solve the technical problems that a gasification inner cavity of the existing updraft type gasification furnace is easy to form a vacancy and the quality of fuel gas is unstable.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an air guide for a catalytic furnace comprising: the gasification furnace body is supported on the working ground, and a gasification cavity for containing materials to be gasified to allow the materials to perform gasification reaction is arranged in the gasification furnace body; an annular gas guide ring groove is formed in the inner side wall of the gasification cavity and is communicated with the gasification cavity, so that gas generated by gasification reaction of materials in the gasification cavity enters the gas guide ring groove to converge; the outer side wall of the gasification furnace body is provided with a gas guide pipe communicated with the gas guide ring groove, and the gas guide pipe is used for guiding the gas converged in the gas guide ring groove out of the gasification furnace body.
Furthermore, an opening is formed at the bottom end of the gas guide ring groove to form a gas inlet end for gas in the gasification cavity to enter the gas guide ring groove, and the top end of the gas guide ring groove is closed and extends along the feed end of the gasification cavity; and a plurality of through air inlets are formed in the inner annular wall of the air guide ring groove and are used for allowing gas in the gasification cavity to enter the air guide ring groove.
Furthermore, the inner side wall of the gasification cavity is connected with an annular air guide ring cylinder, and the air guide ring cylinder and the inner side wall of the gasification cavity are surrounded to form an air guide ring groove; an annular heat insulation layer which protrudes towards the center is further arranged on the inner side wall of the gasification furnace body, and a cleaning seam for discharging gasified ash residues in the air guide ring groove outwards is formed between the lower end of the air guide ring cylinder and the upper end of the heat insulation layer; the air inlets are arranged on the side wall of the air guide ring cylinder.
Furthermore, the air inlet arranged on the air guide ring cylinder and the gas guide pipe are arranged in a staggered manner.
Furthermore, an annular support plate which is horizontally arranged and annular is arranged at the ash outlet end of the gasification cavity; the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace also comprises a gas distribution disc which is arranged on the lower surface of the annular support plate in a sliding manner, and the gas distribution disc is used for supporting materials in the gasification cavity and enabling ash slag generated by the combustion of the materials to continuously pass through and then fall into an ash storage box arranged below the gasification cavity; the air guide device of the catalytic furnace also comprises an induced draft fan for inducing air, and the air distribution disc is communicated with the induced draft fan so as to ensure that the air is uniformly and dispersedly distributed to the gasification cavity through the air distribution disc.
Further, the gas distribution plate comprises a gas distribution pipe network extending into the lower part of the inner hole of the annular support plate, the gas distribution pipe network is used for supporting materials in the gasification cavity and enabling ash slag generated by combustion of the materials to continuously pass through and then fall into the ash storage box, and the gas distribution pipe network is communicated with the induced draft fan so as to introduce air into the gas distribution pipe network; the air distribution pipe network is provided with a plurality of through first air distribution holes, and the first air distribution holes are used for enabling air introduced into the air distribution pipe network to be uniformly and dispersedly distributed into the gasification cavity.
Furthermore, the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace also comprises a gas distribution hopper, and the gas distribution hopper is used for supporting the materials in the gasification cavity; the air distribution hopper is provided with a conical outer wall surface, and air introduced by the induced draft fan passes through the side wall of the air distribution hopper and enters the inner cavity of the air distribution hopper so as to be uniformly distributed to the inner cavity of the air distribution hopper and the upper part of the inner cavity, thereby forming spatial three-dimensional air distribution.
Furthermore, the gas distribution hopper is funnel-shaped, the necking end of the gas distribution hopper faces downwards and is supported on the annular support plate, the flaring end of the gas distribution hopper faces upwards and is abutted against the side wall of the gasification cavity, and the gas distribution hopper is matched with the side wall of the gasification cavity and the annular support plate to form a spatial three-dimensional gas distribution cavity; the induced draft fan is communicated with the air distribution cavity; the side wall of the air distribution hopper is provided with a plurality of second air distribution holes penetrating through the side wall, and the plurality of second air distribution holes enable air in the air distribution cavity to be uniformly and dispersedly distributed to the gasification cavity.
Furthermore, the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace also comprises a water dropper connected with the outer side wall of the gasification furnace body, the water dropper is used for containing water used as a gasification agent and leading the water out of the side wall of the gas distribution hopper so that the water is heated and evaporated to become water vapor, and the water vapor passes through the side wall of the gas distribution hopper under the action of air and enters the inner cavity of the gas distribution hopper so as to be uniformly distributed to the inner cavity of the gas distribution hopper and the upper part of the inner cavity.
Further, the water dropper comprises a water bucket for containing water, a water conduit for communicating the water bucket and the air distribution chamber; the water holding barrel is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the gasification furnace body; the water inlet end of the water conduit is communicated with the water containing barrel, and the water outlet end of the water conduit penetrates through the side wall of the gasification furnace body and then extends into the gas distribution cavity.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace, the gas guide ring groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the gasification cavity and is in a ring shape and communicated with the gasification cavity, so that the communication part of the gas guide ring groove and the gasification cavity is a ring surface, when materials in the gasification cavity are subjected to gasification reaction to generate fuel gas, the fuel gas can firstly enter the gas guide ring groove through the ring surface at the communication part of the gasification cavity and the gas guide ring groove in a dispersed manner to converge, and then is guided out of the gasification furnace through the fuel gas guide pipe communicated with the gas guide ring groove. Compared with the prior art, the gasification furnace has the advantages that the gas taking and guiding opening is a point, the stroke of gas in the gasification furnace is a line, the gas taking and guiding groove is an annular surface, the stroke of the gas in the gasification cavity is also an annular surface, the speed of taking and guiding the gas into the gas guiding groove can be increased, the speed of taking and guiding the gas into the gas guiding pipe is increased, the vacancy is prevented from being formed in the gasification cavity, the quality of the gas taken and guided out by the gas guiding pipe cannot be changed continuously along with the change of the height of materials in the furnace and the change of the quantity of the materials under the confluence action of the gas guiding annular groove on the gas, the gas taken and guided out by the gas guiding pipe is balanced and stable in quality, the materials in the gasification furnace are not prone to forming the vacancy in the gasification process, and the continuity and the stability of the gasification furnace are improved.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the spatial structure of an air guide of a catalytic furnace according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the gas panel of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic space structure diagram of the air distribution hopper in fig. 1.
Description of the figures
10. A gasification furnace body; 101. an annular support plate; 102. a gas distribution cavity; 103. a gasification chamber; 104. a gas guide ring groove; 105. an air inlet; 11. a gas conduit; 13. an air guide ring cylinder; 14. a furnace body; 15. sealing the upper cover; 16. a support leg; 20. a gas distribution hopper; 201. a second air distribution hole; 30. an induced draft fan; 40. a gas distribution plate; 401. a first air distribution hole; 41. a gas distribution pipe network; 410. a gas distribution pipe; 42. installing a pipe; 43. an air inlet pipe; 50. a dust storage box; 60. a water dropper; 61. a water containing barrel; 62. a water conduit; 70. an induced draft pipe; 80. an ignition conduit; 90. a heat preservation and insulation layer.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an air guide of a catalytic furnace, including: the gasification furnace body 10 is supported on the working ground, and a gasification cavity 103 for containing materials to be gasified to perform gasification reaction is arranged in the gasification furnace body 10. An annular gas guide ring groove 104 is formed in the inner side wall of the gasification cavity 103, and the gas guide ring groove 104 is communicated with the gasification cavity 103 so that fuel gas generated by material gasification reaction in the gasification cavity 103 enters the gas guide ring groove 104 to be converged. The outer side wall of the gasification furnace body 10 is provided with a gas conduit 11 communicated with the gas guide ring groove 104, and the gas conduit 11 is used for leading the gas converged in the gas guide ring groove 104 out of the gasification furnace body 10.
In the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace, the gas guide ring groove 104 is arranged on the inner side wall of the gasification cavity 103, and the gas guide ring groove 104 is annular and is communicated with the gasification cavity 103, so that the communication part of the gas guide ring groove 104 and the gasification cavity 103 is a ring surface, when materials in the gasification cavity 103 are subjected to gasification reaction to generate fuel gas, the fuel gas can firstly dispersedly enter the gas guide ring groove 104 through the ring surface at the communication part of the gasification cavity 103 and the gas guide ring groove 104 to converge, and then is guided out of the gasification furnace body 10 through the fuel gas guide pipe 11 communicated with the gas guide ring groove 104. Compared with the prior art, the gas taking and guiding port is a point, and the stroke of gas in the gasification furnace is a line, in the gasification furnace, the gas taking and guiding ring groove 104 is a ring surface, and the stroke of gas in the gasification cavity 103 is also a ring surface, so that the speed of taking and guiding the gas into and into the gas guiding ring groove 104 can be increased, the speed of taking and guiding the gas into and into the gas guide pipe 11 is increased, the formation of a vacancy in the gasification cavity 103 is prevented, the quality of the gas taken and guided out by the gas guide pipe 11 cannot be continuously changed along with the change of the height of materials in the furnace and the change of the quantity of the materials under the confluence action of the gas guiding ring groove 104 on the gas, the gas taken and guided out by the gas guide pipe 11 is balanced and stable in quality, the materials in the gasification furnace are not easy to form the vacancy in the gasification process, and the continuity and stability of the gasification furnace are improved.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the bottom end of the gas guiding ring groove 104 is open to form a gas inlet end for the gas in the gasification cavity 103 to enter the gas guiding ring groove 104, and the top end of the gas guiding ring groove 104 is closed and extends along the feed end of the gasification cavity 103. Furthermore, a plurality of through air inlets 105 are formed in the inner annular wall of the air guide ring groove 104, and the plurality of air inlets 105 are used for allowing the fuel gas in the gasification cavity 103 to enter the air guide ring groove 104. By arranging the plurality of air inlets 105 on the inner ring wall of the air guide ring groove 104, the gas in the gasification cavity 103 can be conveniently and quickly introduced into the air guide ring groove 104 as much as possible, so that the speed of the gas introduced into the gas guide pipe 11 is improved, meanwhile, the quality of the gas introduced from the gas guide pipe 11 can not change continuously along with the change of the height of materials in the gasifier and the change of the quantity of the materials, the gas introduced from the gas guide pipe 11 is balanced, the quality is very stable, no 'vacancy' is formed in the gasification process of the materials in the gasifier, and the continuity and the stability of the gasifier are greatly improved.
In this alternative, as shown in fig. 2, the inner sidewall of the gasification chamber 103 is connected to an annular gas guide ring 13, and the gas guide ring 13 and the inner sidewall of the gasification chamber 103 are surrounded to form a gas guide ring groove 104. An annular heat insulation layer protruding towards the center is further arranged on the inner side wall of the gasification furnace body 10, and a cleaning seam for discharging the gasified ash slag in the air guide annular groove 104 outwards is formed between the lower end of the air guide annular cylinder 13 and the upper end of the heat insulation layer. Preferably, a clearance of 2 mm-5 mm is formed between the outer side wall of the heat insulation layer 90 and the inner side wall of the air guide ring barrel 13, so that a cleaning sheet for cleaning the gasification ash extends into the air guide ring barrel 13 from the clearance between the heat insulation layer and the inner side wall of the air guide ring barrel 13, so as to scrape the gasification ash adhered to the inner side wall of the air guide ring barrel 13 off and enable the scraped gasification ash to fall into the gasification cavity 103 outwards. A plurality of air inlets 105 are opened on the side wall of the air guide cylinder 13.
Further, the air inlet 105 formed on the air guide cylinder 13 is arranged in a staggered manner with the gas guide pipe 11. Because the air flow circulation at the inlet of the gas duct 11 is very large, when the air inlet 105 formed on the air guide cylinder 13 is arranged in a staggered manner with the gas duct 11, that is, the air inlet 105 is not formed on the air guide cylinder 13 corresponding to the gas duct 11, the air flow can be effectively prevented from directly entering the gas duct 11 from the position corresponding to the gas duct 11 on the air guide cylinder 13, and the air guide cylinder 13 at the position can be further prevented from being burnt.
Optionally, the gasification furnace 10 includes a furnace body 14, the furnace body 14 is a hollow cylinder with an open upper end, the open upper end of the furnace body 14 is provided with a sealing upper cover 15 for sealing the open upper end, and the lower closed end of the furnace body 14 is connected with a plurality of support legs 16 for supporting the furnace body 14.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the ash discharging end of the gasification chamber 103 is provided with a horizontally arranged and annular support plate 101. The gas guide device of the catalytic furnace further comprises a gas distribution disc 40 which is arranged on the lower surface of the annular support plate 101 in a sliding mode, and the gas distribution disc 40 is used for supporting materials in the gasification cavity 103 and enabling ash slag generated by combustion of the materials to continuously pass through and then fall into an ash storage box 50 arranged below the gasification cavity 103. The air guide device of the catalytic furnace further comprises an induced draft fan 30 for inducing air, and the air distribution plate 40 is communicated with the induced draft fan 30 so that air is uniformly and dispersedly distributed into the gasification cavity 103 through the air distribution plate 40. When the gas distribution plate 40 works, on one hand, the gas distribution plate is used for supporting materials to be gasified and reacted in the gasification cavity 103, and on the other hand, the gas distribution plate is used for distributing the gas for the gasification and reaction of the materials, namely, outside air is firstly introduced into the gas distribution plate 40 by the induced draft fan 30 and then is uniformly and dispersedly distributed into the gasification cavity 103 under the action of the gas distribution plate 40, so that the gas distribution for the gasification and reaction in the gasification cavity 103 is realized, the uniformity of gasification is ensured, the materials are not easy to form 'vacant positions', the stability of system operation and the efficiency of the gasification and reaction are improved, the materials in the gasification cavity 103 can be blown and dispersed, the gas distribution plate 40 is prevented from being blocked by the materials, and an airflow channel is formed among the materials to promote the gasification and reaction; the gas distribution plate 40 is also used for ash generated by material combustion to pass through, and the ash automatically falls into the ash storage box 50 below through the ash of the gas distribution plate 40, so that the technical problem that the ash is difficult to clean in the gasification process of the gasification furnace is solved, the ash is continuously discharged from the furnace chamber in the gasification reaction process, and the stability of the system in the gasification process is improved.
Optionally, referring to fig. 3 again, the air distribution plate 40 includes an air distribution pipe network 41 extending below the inner hole of the annular support plate 101, the air distribution pipe network 41 is used for supporting the materials in the gasification chamber 103 and allowing ash slag generated by the combustion of the materials to continuously pass through and fall into the ash storage box 50, and the air distribution pipe network 41 is communicated with the induced draft fan 30 to introduce air into the air distribution pipe network 41. The air distribution pipe network 41 is formed with a plurality of first air distribution holes 401, and the first air distribution holes 401 are used for uniformly and dispersedly distributing the air introduced into the air distribution pipe network 41 to the gasification cavity 103. The air distribution pipe network 41 is used for not only supporting the materials in the gasification cavity 103 in an auxiliary manner, but also distributing the air for the gasification reaction of the materials, so that the air is uniformly and dispersedly distributed into the gasification cavity 103 through the first air distribution holes 401, the uniformity of gasification is ensured, and the air distribution pipe network 41 is also used for allowing the ash generated by material combustion to continuously pass through so as to fall into the ash storage box 50 below the air distribution plate 40, thereby solving the technical problem that the ash is difficult to clean in the gasification process of the gasification cavity 103, realizing continuous ash discharge of the furnace cavity in the gasification reaction process, and further improving the stability of the system in the gasification process.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, the plurality of first air distribution holes 401 are uniformly distributed on the air distribution pipe network 41, and the air distribution direction of each first air distribution hole 401 faces to the material in the gasification cavity 103, so as to further ensure the uniformity of gasification, so that the material is not easy to form "vacancy", thereby improving the stability of the gasification reaction and the efficiency of the gasification reaction; the air distribution direction of each first air distribution hole 401 faces to the materials in the gasification cavity 103, so that the air distribution efficiency and the air distribution effect on the materials are further improved. Further, as shown in fig. 3, the plurality of first air distribution holes 401 are arranged in concentric circles, and the first air distribution holes 401 of two adjacent concentric circles are arranged in a staggered manner one by one in the circumferential direction, so that the uniformity of gasification is further ensured, the material is not easy to form "vacant sites", and further the stability of the gasification reaction and the efficiency of the gasification reaction are further improved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, the air distribution pipe network 41 includes a plurality of air distribution pipes 410 sequentially arranged at intervals, and each air distribution pipe 410 is respectively communicated with the induced air fan 30 to allow air to enter the air distribution pipe 410. Each air distribution pipe 410 is provided with a plurality of first air distribution holes 401. Compared with a gas distribution box for supporting materials in a plate mode, in the invention, the gas distribution pipe network 41 comprises a plurality of gas distribution pipes 410 which are sequentially arranged at intervals, so that an overhead type support for the materials is formed, air can be conveniently and quickly, more sufficiently and more uniformly dispersed in the materials, the efficiency and the quality of gasification reaction in the gasification cavity 103 are improved, the uniformity of gasification is ensured, the materials are not easy to form vacant positions, more importantly, ash slag generated by material combustion can conveniently pass through a gap between the adjacent gas distribution pipes 410 to fall into the ash storage box 50 below, the technical problem that the ash slag is difficult to clean in the gasification process of the gasification cavity 103 is solved, continuous ash slag discharge of the furnace cavity in the gasification reaction process is realized, and the stability of a system in the gasification process is improved; in addition, the air distribution pipe 410 can reduce the weight of the air distribution plate compared with an air distribution box, and convenience in operation is improved.
Preferably, the plurality of air distribution pipes 410 are arranged in a vertical direction in a high-low mode in sequence, so that an 'overhead' support for materials is formed more easily, air can be dispersed in the materials more quickly, fully and uniformly, and the situation that the first air distribution holes 401 are blocked due to the fact that the materials are supported on the air distribution pipes 410 can be prevented, and the stability and uniformity of air distribution are improved. Preferably, each air distribution pipe 410 is a corrugated pipe which is arranged in a wave shape in the vertical direction, so that an 'overhead' support for the material is formed more easily, air can be dispersed in the material more quickly, sufficiently and uniformly, and the situation that the material is supported on the air distribution pipe 410 to block the first air distribution hole 401 can be prevented, and the stability and uniformity of air distribution are improved. Preferably, the gas distribution pipe 410 is a circular pipe, and the gas distribution direction of the first gas distribution hole 401 on the gas distribution pipe 410 is perpendicular to the gas distribution plate 40 towards the material in the gasification cavity 103. Compared with the plate-type support of the gas distribution box for the material, when the gas distribution pipe 410 is a round pipe, the contact area with the material can be reduced, so that the overhead support for the material is easier to form, and the air can be dispersed in the material more quickly, more fully and more uniformly; in addition, because the reaction temperature in the gasification cavity 103 is very high, compared with the gas distribution plate on the gas distribution box, the gas distribution pipe 410 is less prone to oxidation and deformation due to the fact that the contact area between the gas distribution pipe and the materials is reduced, and therefore the service life of the gas distribution plate can be prolonged.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, the air distribution plate 40 further includes a mounting tube 42 for mounting a plurality of air distribution tubes 410, and the mounting tube 42 is in communication with the induced draft fan 30. The connecting ends of the plurality of air distribution pipes 410 are respectively communicated with the mounting pipe 42, and the free ends of the plurality of air distribution pipes 410 are different in length so as to be adapted to the circular inner cavity structure of the gasification cavity 103. By installing the pipes 42, the air introduced by the induced draft fan 30 can be uniformly dispersed into the air distribution pipes 410, thereby improving the uniformity of air distribution of the air distribution pipes 410.
Preferably, the free ends of the plurality of air distribution pipes 410 are connected with air pipes respectively communicated with the plurality of air distribution pipes 410, the air pipes are arc pipes matched with the circular inner cavity of the gasification cavity 103, and the air outlet ends of the air distribution pipes 410 are communicated with each other through the arrangement of the air pipes, so that the uniformity of air dispersion in the air distribution pipes 410 along the length direction is improved, and the uniformity of air distribution of the air distribution pipes is further improved.
Optionally, as shown in FIG. 3, the gas panel 40 further includes a supply air duct 43 for introducing air into the mounting tube 42, the supply air duct 43 extending outwardly from the gasification chamber 103. The air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 43 is connected with the induced draft fan 30, and the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe 43 is connected with the installation pipe 42.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace further comprises a gas distribution hopper 20, and the gas distribution hopper 20 is used for supporting the material in the gasification chamber 103. The air distribution hopper 20 has a conical outer wall surface, and air introduced by the induced draft fan 30 passes through the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 and enters the inner cavity of the air distribution hopper 20 to be uniformly distributed to the inner cavity of the air distribution hopper 20 and above the inner cavity, so that space three-dimensional air distribution is formed and the air is guided to the direction of the air distribution plate 40. When the gasification device works, firstly, a channel for leading air from the air-inducing fan 30 to the outside of the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 is cut off, all air introduced by the air-inducing fan 30 enters the air distribution disc 40, and then the air is uniformly and dispersedly distributed into the gasification cavity 103 under the action of the air distribution disc 40; after a period of time, a channel for leading air from the air-inducing fan 30 to the outer side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 is gradually opened, a part of air introduced by the air-inducing fan 30 enters the air distribution disc 40 and is then distributed into the gasification cavity 103 by the air distribution disc 40, and the other part of air is introduced outside the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 and passes through the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 to enter the inner cavity of the air distribution hopper 20 to form spatial three-dimensional air distribution so as to be uniformly and dispersedly distributed into the gasification furnace body 10. When the distribution hopper 20 works, on one hand, the distribution hopper is used as a supporting part of the gasification furnace body 10 to mainly support materials in the gasification cavity 103, and on the other hand, the distribution hopper is used for forming spatial three-dimensional distribution of the materials in the gasification cavity 103, so that air is distributed into the gasification cavity 103 more uniformly and dispersedly, the uniformity of gasification is ensured, the materials are not easy to form 'vacant positions', the technical problem of 'poor gasification reaction equilibrium' easily caused during gasification reaction of a large-scale gasification furnace is solved, and the stability of system operation and the efficiency of gasification reaction are further improved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the air distribution funnel 20 is funnel-shaped, a reduced end of the air distribution funnel 20 faces downward and is supported on the annular support plate 101 at the ash outlet end of the gasification cavity 103, a flared end of the air distribution funnel 20 faces upward and abuts against a side wall of the gasification cavity 103 to form a spatial three-dimensional air distribution cavity 102 in cooperation with the side wall of the gasification cavity 103 and the annular support plate 101, and the air distribution cavity 102 is communicated with the induced draft fan 30. The side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 is provided with a plurality of second air distribution holes 201 penetrating through the side wall, and the plurality of second air distribution holes 201 are used for uniformly and dispersedly distributing the air introduced into the air distribution cavity 102 into the gasification cavity 103. The air distribution hopper 20 is funnel-shaped, the necking end of the air distribution hopper 20 faces downwards and is supported on the annular support plate 101, the flaring end of the air distribution hopper 20 faces upwards and is abutted against the side wall of the gasification cavity 103, so that the outer side wall of the air distribution hopper 20, the side wall of the gasification cavity 103 and the annular support plate 101 can form a space three-dimensional air distribution cavity 102, and the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 is provided with a plurality of second air distribution holes 201, so that air introduced into the air distribution cavity 102 by the induced draft fan 30 can form a space three-dimensional air distribution mode through the second air distribution holes 201, so that the air is distributed into the inner cavity of the gasification cavity 103 more uniformly and dispersedly, and the technical problem of poor gasification reaction balance easily occurring during the gasification reaction of the large-scale gasification furnace is solved.
In the specific implementation manner of the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the plurality of second gas distribution holes 201 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the gas distribution hopper 20, and the gas distribution direction of each second gas distribution hole 201 faces the material in the gasification cavity 103, so as to further ensure the uniformity of gasification, make the material not easy to form "vacancy", and further improve the stability of the gasification reaction and the efficiency of the gasification reaction; the air distribution direction of each second air distribution hole 201 faces to the materials in the gasification cavity 103, so that the air distribution efficiency and the air distribution effect on the materials are further improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the plurality of second air distribution holes 201 are arranged in a concentric circle in the radial direction of the air distribution hopper 20, and the second air distribution holes 201 of two adjacent concentric circles are arranged in a staggered manner in the circumferential direction, so that the uniformity of gasification is further ensured, the material is not easy to form "vacancy", and further the stability of the gasification reaction and the efficiency of the gasification reaction are further improved.
Optionally, in a second embodiment of the present invention (not shown in the drawings), the air distribution hopper 20 is funnel-shaped, a reduced end of the air distribution hopper 20 faces downward and is supported on the annular support plate 101 at the ash outlet end of the gasification cavity 103, a flared end of the air distribution hopper 20 faces upward and abuts against an inner side wall of the gasification cavity 103, so as to cooperate with the inner side wall of the gasification cavity 103 and the annular support plate 101 to form a spatial three-dimensional air distribution cavity 102, and the air distribution cavity 102 is communicated with the induced draft fan 30. The side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 is provided with a plurality of air distribution slits which penetrate through the side wall and are used for uniformly and dispersedly distributing the air introduced into the air distribution cavity 102 into the gasification cavity 103. The air distribution hopper 20 is funnel-shaped, the necking end of the air distribution hopper 20 faces downwards to be supported on the annular support plate 101, and the flaring end of the air distribution hopper 20 faces upwards to abut against the inner side wall of the gasification cavity 103, so that the outer side wall of the air distribution hopper 20, the inner side wall of the gasification cavity 103 and the annular support plate 101 can form a spatial three-dimensional air distribution cavity 102, and a plurality of air distribution slits are processed on the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20, so that air introduced into the air distribution cavity 102 by the induced draft fan 30 can form a spatial three-dimensional air distribution mode through the air distribution slits, so that the air is distributed into the inner cavity of the gasification cavity 103 more uniformly and dispersedly, and the technical problem of poor gasification reaction balance easily occurring during gasification reaction of a large-sized gasification furnace is solved.
In the specific implementation manner of the second embodiment, the plurality of gas distribution slits are sequentially arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the gas distribution hopper 20, and each gas distribution slit extends along the radial line of the gas distribution hopper 20, so that the uniformity of gasification is further ensured, the material is not easy to form "vacancy", and the stability of the gasification reaction and the efficiency of the gasification reaction are further improved. Preferably, compared with the second air distribution hole 201, the air distribution gap can increase the air distribution amount, so as to meet the requirement on air in the gasification reaction process of the large-scale gasification furnace, and further improve the efficiency of the gasification reaction and the quality of the gasification reaction; a high-temperature-resistant grid net is arranged at each gas distribution seam to prevent ash slag generated by material combustion from falling into the gas distribution cavity 102 to influence the gas distribution quality of the gas distribution hopper 20.
Preferably, in the present invention, the inner wall surface of the air distribution hopper 20 is provided with a plurality of supporting protrusions, so that an "overhead" support for the material is more easily formed, which facilitates the air to be more rapidly, more sufficiently and more uniformly dispersed in the material, and simultaneously, the situation that the second air distribution hole 201 is blocked when the material is supported on the inner wall surface of the air distribution hopper 20 can be prevented, thereby improving the stability and uniformity of air distribution. Preferably, an included angle of 30-60 degrees is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the air distribution hopper 20 and the annular support plate 101, and when the included angle between the air distribution hopper 20 and the annular support plate 101 is smaller than 30 degrees, the formed space three-dimensional air distribution effect is not obvious; when the included angle between the gas distribution hopper 20 and the annular support plate 101 is larger than 60 degrees, the amount of materials contained in the gasification cavity 103 can be reduced, and the gasification efficiency is reduced.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace of the present invention further comprises an ignition guide 80 for guiding an ignition gun to ignite, the ignition guide 80 is fixed on the sidewall of the gasification furnace body 10, one end of the ignition guide 80 extends out of the gasification furnace body 10, and the other end of the ignition guide 80 extends horizontally and penetrates through the gas distribution hopper 20 to extend into the gasification cavity 103. Further, the ignition guide tube 80 is a hollow cylinder with two ends communicated, and the extending end of the ignition guide tube 80 is detachably connected with a sealing screw for sealing the ignition guide tube 80.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace further includes a water dropper 60 connected to the outer sidewall of the gasification furnace body 10, the water dropper 60 is used for containing water used as a gasification agent, and guiding the water out of the sidewall of the gas distribution hopper 20 to enable the water to be heated and evaporated into water vapor, so that the water vapor passes through the sidewall of the gas distribution hopper 20 under the action of air and enters the inner cavity of the gas distribution hopper 20 to be uniformly distributed to and above the inner cavity of the gas distribution hopper 20. When the air guide device of the catalytic furnace works, firstly, a channel for guiding air from the induced draft fan 30 to the outside of the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 and a channel for guiding water from the water dropper 60 to the outside of the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 are cut off, all the air introduced by the induced draft fan 30 enters the air distribution disc 40, and is uniformly and dispersedly distributed into the gasification cavity 103 under the action of the air distribution disc 40; after a period of time, gradually opening a channel for leading air from the air-inducing fan 30 to the outer side wall of the air distribution hopper 20, introducing a part of air introduced by the air-inducing fan 30 into the air distribution disc 40, then distributing the air into the gasification cavity 103 from the air distribution disc 40, introducing the other part of air out of the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20, and penetrating through the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 to enter the inner cavity of the air distribution hopper 20 to form spatial three-dimensional air distribution so as to be uniformly and dispersedly distributed into the gasification furnace body 10; after a period of time, a channel for leading water from the water dropper 60 to the outside of the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 is opened, water in the water dropper 60 is led to the outside of the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 and is heated and evaporated to become water vapor serving as a gasifying agent, and the water vapor outside the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 passes through the side wall of the air distribution hopper 20 under the action of air, enters the inner cavity of the air distribution hopper 20 and is uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the gasification cavity 103.
When the gas distribution hopper 20 works, on one hand, the gas distribution hopper is used as a supporting part of the gasification furnace body 10 to mainly support materials in the gasification cavity 103, and on the other hand, the gas distribution hopper is used for forming spatial three-dimensional gas distribution on the materials in the gasification cavity 103, so that water vapor is distributed into the gasification cavity 103 more uniformly and dispersedly under the action of air, the amount of an air gasifying agent is reduced, the carbon reduction reaction in carbide is more violent, and the effective gas proportion in mixed gas generated by combustion is increased, wherein the content of combustible gas in the gas is increased from about 5 percent to 10-25 percent, the heat value of the gas is improved, and the heat value of the mixed gas is increased from the original 1000 kilocalories/m3Increased to 1300-3Finally, the gasification reaction speed and the gasification reaction quality are improved, the uniformity of gasification is ensured, the materials are not easy to form vacant positions, the technical problems of low gasification reaction speed, low quality and poor balance which are easily caused in the gasification reaction of a large-scale gasification furnace are solved, and the stability of system operation and the efficiency of the gasification reaction are further improved.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the water dropper 60 includes a tub 61 for containing water, a water conduit 62 for communicating the tub 61 and the air distribution chamber 102. The water tub 61 is fixedly connected to an outer side wall of the gasification furnace body 10. The water inlet end of the water conduit 62 is communicated with the water tub 61, and the water outlet end of the water conduit 62 passes through the side wall of the gasification furnace body 10 and then extends into the air distribution chamber 102.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the induced air blower 30 is connected with an induced air pipe 70 for introducing air into the air distribution chamber 102, the induced air pipe 70 is used for being fixed on the side wall of the gasification furnace body 10, and the air outlet end of the induced air pipe 70 penetrates through the side wall of the gasification furnace body 10 and then extends into the air distribution chamber 102. Preferably, a first switch for controlling the on-off of the induced duct 70 is arranged in the pipeline of the induced duct 70. The conduit of the water conduit 62 is provided with a second switch for controlling the on-off of the water conduit 62. When the gas distribution device actually works, only the first switch or the first switch and the second switch can be turned on simultaneously according to the specific material type in the gasification cavity 103, so that the requirement of the actual gasification reaction on the gasification agent is met.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An air guide device of a catalytic furnace, which is characterized by comprising:
the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace body (10) supported on a working floor, wherein a gasification cavity (103) for containing materials to be gasified to allow the materials to perform gasification reaction is arranged in the gasification furnace body (10);
an annular gas guide ring groove (104) is formed in the inner side wall of the gasification cavity (103), and the gas guide ring groove (104) is communicated with the gasification cavity (103) so that fuel gas generated by gasification reaction of materials in the gasification cavity (103) enters the gas guide ring groove (104) to converge;
be equipped with on the lateral wall of gasifier body (10) with gas pipe (11) of leading gas ring groove (104) intercommunication, gas pipe (11) be used for with the gas that converges in leading gas ring groove (104) is derived gasifier body (10).
2. An air guide of a catalytic furnace as set forth in claim 1,
the bottom end of the gas guide ring groove (104) is opened to form a gas inlet end for gas in the gasification cavity (103) to enter the gas guide ring groove (104), and the top end of the gas guide ring groove (104) is closed and extends towards the feed end of the gasification cavity (103);
a plurality of through air inlets (105) are formed in the inner annular wall of the air guide ring groove (104), and the air inlets (105) are used for supplying fuel gas in the gasification cavity (103) to enter the air guide ring groove (104).
3. An air guide of a catalytic furnace as set forth in claim 2,
the inner side wall of the gasification cavity (103) is connected with an annular air guide ring cylinder (13), and the air guide ring cylinder (13) and the inner side wall of the gasification cavity (103) are surrounded to form the air guide ring groove (104);
an annular heat insulation layer protruding towards the center is further arranged on the inner side wall of the gasification furnace body (10), and a cleaning seam for discharging gasified ash residues in the air guide ring groove (104) outwards is formed between the lower end of the air guide ring cylinder (13) and the upper end of the heat insulation layer;
the air inlets (105) are arranged on the side wall of the air guide ring barrel (13).
4. An air guide of a catalytic furnace as set forth in claim 3,
the gas inlet (105) formed in the gas guide ring cylinder (13) and the gas guide pipe (11) are arranged in a staggered mode.
5. An air guide of a catalytic furnace as set forth in claim 1,
an annular support plate (101) which is horizontally arranged and annular is arranged at the ash outlet end of the gasification cavity (103);
the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace further comprises a gas distribution disc (40) which is arranged on the lower surface of the annular support plate (101) in a sliding mode, and the gas distribution disc (40) is used for supporting materials in the gasification cavity (103) and enabling ash slag generated by combustion of the materials to continuously pass through and then fall into an ash storage box (50) arranged below the gasification cavity (103);
the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace further comprises an induced draft fan (30) for inducing air, and the air distribution disc (40) is communicated with the induced draft fan (30) so that air is uniformly and dispersedly distributed to the gasification cavity (103) through the air distribution disc (40).
6. An air guide of a catalytic furnace as set forth in claim 5,
the gas distribution plate (40) comprises a gas distribution pipe network (41) extending into the lower part of the inner hole of the annular support plate (101), the gas distribution pipe network (41) is used for supporting materials in the gasification cavity (103) and enabling ash slag generated by material combustion to continuously pass through and fall into the ash storage box (50), and the gas distribution pipe network (41) is communicated with the air inducing fan (30) to introduce air into the gas distribution pipe network (41);
a plurality of first air distribution holes (401) which are through are processed on the air distribution pipe network (41), and the first air distribution holes (401) are used for enabling air introduced into the air distribution pipe network (41) to be uniformly and dispersedly distributed into the gasification cavity (103).
7. An air guide of a catalytic furnace as set forth in claim 5,
the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace also comprises a gas distribution hopper (20), and the gas distribution hopper (20) is used for supporting the materials in the gasification cavity (103);
the air distribution hopper (20) is provided with a conical outer wall surface, and air introduced by the induced draft fan (30) passes through the side wall of the air distribution hopper (20) and enters the inner cavity of the air distribution hopper (20) so as to be uniformly distributed to the inner cavity of the air distribution hopper (20) and the upper part of the inner cavity, so that spatial three-dimensional air distribution is formed.
8. An air guide of a catalytic furnace as set forth in claim 7,
the gas distribution hopper (20) is funnel-shaped, a necking end of the gas distribution hopper (20) faces downwards and is supported on the annular support plate (101), a flaring end of the gas distribution hopper (20) faces upwards and is abutted against the side wall of the gasification cavity (103), and the gas distribution hopper (20), the side wall of the gasification cavity (103) and the annular support plate (101) are matched to form a spatial three-dimensional gas distribution cavity (102);
the induced draft fan (30) is communicated with the air distribution cavity (102);
the side wall of the air distribution hopper (20) is provided with a plurality of second air distribution holes (201) penetrating through the side wall, and the plurality of second air distribution holes (201) enable the air in the air distribution cavity (102) to be uniformly and dispersedly distributed into the gasification cavity (103).
9. An air guide of a catalytic furnace as set forth in claim 8,
the gas guide device of the catalytic furnace further comprises a water dropper (60) connected with the outer side wall of the gasification furnace body (10), the water dropper (60) is used for containing water used as a gasification agent and leading the water to the outer side wall of the gas distribution hopper (20) so that the water is heated and evaporated to become water vapor, and the water vapor passes through the side wall of the gas distribution hopper (20) under the action of air and enters the inner cavity of the gas distribution hopper (20) so as to be uniformly distributed above the inner cavity and the inner cavity of the gas distribution hopper (20).
10. An air guide of a catalytic furnace as set forth in claim 9,
the water dropper (60) comprises a water bucket (61) for containing water, a water conduit (62) for communicating the water bucket (61) with the air distribution chamber (102);
the water containing barrel (61) is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the gasification furnace body (10);
the water inlet end of the water conduit (62) is communicated with the water tub (61), and the water outlet end of the water conduit (62) penetrates through the side wall of the gasification furnace body (10) and then extends into the air distribution chamber (102).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210089181.4A CN114437835A (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Gas guide device of catalytic furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210089181.4A CN114437835A (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Gas guide device of catalytic furnace |
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| CN202210089181.4A Pending CN114437835A (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Gas guide device of catalytic furnace |
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