CN114437676A - 煤层气井钻井工程用钻井液 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种煤层气井钻井工程用钻井液,包括一开用钻井液、二开目的层以前用钻井液以及二开目的层用钻井液;一开用钻井液包括4~5%膨润土、0.2~0.5%Na2CO3,其余为淡水;二开目的层以前用钻井液包括4~5%膨润土、0.2~0.5%Na2CO3、0.5~1%CMC、0.2~0.5%80A‑51、0.1~0.3%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为淡水;二开目的层用钻井液包括4~5%膨润土、0.2~0.5%Na2CO3、0.5~1%CMC、0.2~0.5%80A‑51、3~5%KCL、0.1~0.3%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为淡水。本发明能够增强泥浆的粘度和切力,很好的保护井壁,防止井壁坍塌和钻井液漏失。准备足够的堵漏材料,保证施工的正常进行。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及钻井钻探技术领域,具体来说,涉及一种煤层气井钻井工程 用钻井液。
背景技术
贵州等地煤层气井钻井工程经常会遇到新生界第四系松散黄土地质,该种 地质,易漏、地层胶结松散,可钻性好,钻井液携带岩屑、保持井壁稳定的难 度较大,而钻井液体系的确定主要考虑到地层空隙压力、井眼稳定性、钻井液 体系对煤储层的伤害等几方面因素。钻进施工过程中,在严格遵守设计要求的 同时,兼顾现有钻井技术水准、实际地层压力等情况,确定合理附加系数,以 利于保护煤层。在这种松散黄土地质中配制何种钻井液是亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对相关技术中的问题,本发明提出一种煤层气井钻井工程用钻井液, 以克服现有相关技术所存在的上述技术问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:本发明提供一种煤层气井 钻井工程用钻井液,包括一开用钻井液、二开目的层以前用钻井液以及二开目 的层用钻井液;
一开用钻井液包括4~5%膨润土、0.2~0.5%Na2CO3,其余为淡水;
二开目的层以前用钻井液包括4~5%膨润土、0.2~0.5%Na2CO3、 0.5~1%CMC、0.2~0.5%80A-51、0.1~0.3%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为淡水;
二开目的层用钻井液包括4~5%膨润土、0.2~0.5%Na2CO3、0.5~1%CMC、 0.2~0.5%80A-51、3~5%KCL、0.1~0.3%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为淡水。
在可能的一个设计中,一开用钻井液包括4%膨润土、0.5%Na2CO3,其 余为淡水。
在可能的一个设计中,二开目的层以前用钻井液包括5%膨润土、 0.2%Na2CO3、0.7%CMC、0.3%80A-51、0.2%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为淡水。
在可能的一个设计中,二开目的层用钻井液包括4%膨润土、0.4%Na2CO3、0.8%CMC、0.4%80A-51、3%KCL、0.1%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为 淡水。
在可能的一个设计中,一开用钻井液包括5%膨润土、0.2%Na2CO3,其 余为淡水。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
1、第四系表土层,加入大量膨润土和纤维素,以增强泥浆的粘度和切 力,很好的保护井壁,防止井壁坍塌和钻井液漏失。准备足够的堵漏材料, 保证施工的正常进行。
2、由于较高的钻井液液柱压力会引起对煤层的伤害,因此在钻井过程 中,使用能有效的携带煤、岩屑,稳定和保护井壁,平衡地层压力的钻井 液,以保证钻进施工安全,做到近平衡钻进。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
本发明的实施例公开了一种煤层气井钻井工程用钻井液,包括一开用钻井 液、二开目的层以前用钻井液以及二开目的层用钻井液;
一开用钻井液包括4%膨润土、0.2%Na2CO3,其余为淡水;
二开目的层以前用钻井液包括4%膨润土、0.2%Na2CO3、0.5%CMC、 0.2%80A-51、0.1%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为淡水;
二开目的层用钻井液包括4%膨润土、0.2%Na2CO3、0.5%CMC、 0.2%80A-51、3%KCL、0.1%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为淡水。
二开目的层以前:采用清水聚合物钻井液、地面沉降池大循环钻井作业, 维持钻井液体系足够的抑制性和絮凝能力,很好的控制密度,提高机械钻速。
CMC指的是羧甲基纤维素钠,80A-51指的是丙烯酸盐的共聚物,化学材 料均为固体,无浓度值。
聚合物钻井液具有独特的流变性能和抑制,其剪切稀释能力强,具有一定 的防塌作用,并拥有良好的悬浮携砂能力,能尽量减缓岩屑床的形成流变参数 易于调控,保证钻井施工的正常进行,同时起到较好的稳定井壁的作用,因此 本井二开配胶液用高分子聚合物,量一次加足。开始二开钻进后,钻进过程中 不断补充聚合物。维护性能和补充消耗量,尽量保持密度在1.08-1.20g/cm3, 粘度45-80s,PH值8,保证快速钻井的需要,保证井底干净,每次起下钻都无 沉砂、无阻卡,畅通无阻。
二开目的层:加入封堵、防漏、防塌、降虑失材料。使钻井液性能调整至 密度1.08-1.12g/cm3,粘度48-52s,失水5ml,泥饼0.5mm,酸碱值8,含砂 0.3%,静切力2~4Pa,塑性粘度14mPa.s,动切力6~8Pa。维护处理时应进 一步改善泥饼质量,保持井壁稳定。严格按配方操作,处理剂多以胶液的方式, 按循环周连续均匀、细水长流的方式进行补充,保持性能的稳定。
进入油气目的层前进行工艺堵漏提高了地层的承压能力,确保井控安全、 保护气层和正常施工的需要,低固相聚合物体系由其进入目的层后,就更要着 重控制密度和失水。根据设计要求和井眼实际情况,按聚合物体系材料正常补 充维护外,尽可能的加足降滤失材料。材料必须保证气测基值不超。降滤失材 料主要控制好失水、密度,保证流变性维护、稳定护壁以及井控井下安全要求, 又要保证录井资料、和后期测井解释准确。密度高钻井液超前渗滤降低井内油 气浓度,粘度高脱气困难气测基值高,失水大气测后效录井效果差,同时影响 后期测井解释不准确。按设计要求认真维护处理好泥浆,尽最大限度保护好气 层,保证录井、测井解释资料准确,保证井控及井下安全顺利完井。要求从刘 家沟到马家沟失水一直控制在5ml以内。钻进时充分使用泥浆净化系统及时清 除钻屑保持泥浆的清洁;充分使用好固控设备、使用率达到100%;各种泥浆 材料入井保证干净,如出现漏失情况,堵漏完毕钻进正常后,及时使用离心机 降低泥浆固含,恢复设计泥浆性能,维护正常钻进。完钻后,搞好短起下工作, 充分清洗井壁,划修井眼,保证完井作业的顺利。
(1)新生界第四系松散黄土易漏、地层胶结松散,可钻性好,钻井液携 带岩屑、保持井壁稳定的难度较大。
(2)施工处都是泥岩夹浅红色砂岩特别是目的层出现漏失,注意防漏、堵 漏、钻井施工注意控制钻井液密度,保护好气层。
(3)下部地层(特别是气层段)渗透性较强,易漏,易发生砂岩段泥饼 厚阻卡。
(4)根据邻井的实钻资料,钻遇气层和煤层相应井段注意观察密度,防气 侵、防塌达到保护气层的要求
(5)二开钻井液必须保证具有较强的抑制性,同时由于地层可钻性好, 钻井液还必须具备较强的携岩能力和较低的失水,防止坍塌卡钻。
(6)砂岩夹棕红色泥岩和上部巨厚状泥岩下部浅灰色中粗粒石英砂岩、 黑色泥岩砂岩及煤,钻井液必须控制好流变性和水力参数,防止井径扩大。
(7)选用非渗透钻井液体系,以携带岩屑、稳定井壁、保护气层,确保 安全钻进。根据预计的气层位置,提前做好钻井液性能控制,使之达到设计要 求,满足油气层保护的需要。
(8)本井钻井液密度设计基于保护油气层的地质需要,在施工过程中确 保密度在设计范围内,尽量达到设计密度下限,充分解放和保护油气层,同时 应该注意井下安全。
实施例2:
与实施例1的区别仅在于,一开用钻井液包括4%膨润土、0.5%Na2CO3, 其余为淡水。
实施例3:
与实施例1的区别仅在于,二开目的层以前用钻井液包括5%膨润土、 0.2%Na2CO3、0.7%CMC、0.3%80A-51、0.2%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为淡水。
实施例4:
与实施例1的区别仅在于,二开目的层用钻井液包括4%膨润土、 0.4%Na2CO3、0.8%CMC、0.4%80A-51、3%KCL、0.1%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为 淡水。
实施例5:
与实施例1的区别仅在于,一开用钻井液包括5%膨润土、0.2%Na2CO3, 其余为淡水。
尽管为使解释简单化将上述方法图示并描述为一系列动作,但是应理 解并领会,这些方法不受动作的次序所限,因为根据一个或多个实施例, 一些动作可按不同次序发生和/或与来自本文中图示和描述或本文中未图 示和描述但本领域技术人员可以理解的其他动作并发地发生。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发 明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发 明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种煤层气井钻井工程用钻井液,其特征在于,包括一开用钻井液、二开目的层以前用钻井液以及二开目的层用钻井液;
一开用钻井液包括4~5%膨润土、0.2~0.5%Na2CO3,其余为淡水;
二开目的层以前用钻井液包括4~5%膨润土、0.2~0.5%Na2CO3、0.5~1%CMC、0.2~0.5%80A-51、0.1~0.3%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为淡水;
二开目的层用钻井液包括4~5%膨润土、0.2~0.5%Na2CO3、0.5~1%CMC、0.2~0.5%80A-51、3~5%KCL、0.1~0.3%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为淡水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的煤层气井钻井工程用钻井液,其特征在于,一开用钻井液包括4%膨润土、0.5%Na2CO3,其余为淡水。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的煤层气井钻井工程用钻井液,其特征在于,二开目的层以前用钻井液包括5%膨润土、0.2%Na2CO3、0.7%CMC、0.3%80A-51、0.2%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为淡水。
4.根据权利要求3所述的煤层气井钻井工程用钻井液,其特征在于,二开目的层用钻井液包括4%膨润土、0.4%Na2CO3、0.8%CMC、0.4%80A-51、3%KCL、0.1%聚丙烯酸钾,其余为淡水。
5.根据权利要求1、2或4任一项所述的煤层气井钻井工程用钻井液,其特征在于,一开用钻井液包括5%膨润土、0.2%Na2CO3,其余为淡水。
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