CN114434897A - High-flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
- D03D13/008—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft characterised by weave density or surface weight
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
- D03D15/217—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based natural from plants, e.g. cotton
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/233—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads protein-based, e.g. wool or silk
- D03D15/235—Cashmere or silk
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
- B32B2262/065—Lignocellulosic fibres, e.g. jute, sisal, hemp, flax, bamboo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/08—Animal fibres, e.g. hair, wool, silk
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/21—Anti-static
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
- B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/04—Linen
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: step 1: blending cotton fibers and silk fibers to obtain a skin-friendly layer; blending flax fibers and cotton fibers to obtain a functional layer base fabric; step 2: placing the functional layer base fabric in a sodium carbonate solution for pretreatment, washing and drying; soaking in polyethyleneimine solution, washing and drying; soaking in anion solution, transferring to cation solution, soaking, washing, and drying; carrying out cyclic anion-cation treatment for 4-7 times; obtaining a functional layer; and step 3: and compounding the skin-friendly layer and the functional layer through a binder to obtain the high-flame-retardant anti-static composite fabric. Has the advantages that: the cationic solution and the anionic solution are adopted for circular coating, so that the double functions of flame retardance and static resistance are realized, the number of composite layers is reduced, the cost of the finishing agent is reduced, and the washing resistance is enhanced. The glycerin and the polyvinyl alcohol inhibit the reduction of the tensile strength of the fabric and improve the hand feeling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite fabrics, in particular to a high-flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the progress of science and technology, the dosage and the application range of textile fabrics are gradually increased. Because the textile fibers in the textile fabric are easy to accumulate static electricity to generate discharge behavior and inflammable property, the fire and personal accidents caused by the textile are increased year by year, especially in the industries of chemical engineering, mines and the like. Meanwhile, special industries such as fire fighting, military and the like need the textile fabric to have high flame retardance and antistatic double functions to ensure the personal safety of users due to the particularity of operating objects and environment.
In the prior art, generally, the flame retardant effect and the antistatic effect are separately treated, and a dual function is realized, for example, in the flame retardant fabric finishing mucilage disclosed in patent CN201710407029.5, the flame retardant and the antistatic agent are separately treated, so that the cost is higher, the loading capacity is low, and the dual function effect is poor. In the patent cn201811572093.x, an antistatic flame-retardant composite fabric and a method thereof are disclosed, wherein an antistatic layer and a flame-retardant layer which are separately prepared are compounded, so that the number of the composite layers of the fabric is increased, the thickness and the weight are increased, and the cost is increased. In addition, after the flame retardant and the antistatic agent are used for after-finishing, the poor effects of strength reduction, hard hand feeling, poor washing resistance and the like are generated, so that the comfortableness of the fabric is reduced.
Therefore, on the premise of ensuring that the composite fabric has high flame retardant and antistatic double performances, the flame retardant effect and the antistatic effect are effectively combined, the number of composite layers is reduced, and the lightness of the fabric is increased; and the problem of strength and hand feeling comfort is solved, and the preparation of the high-flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric has great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a high-flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric comprises the following steps:
step 1: blending cotton fibers and silk fibers to obtain a skin-friendly layer; blending flax fibers and cotton fibers to obtain a functional layer base fabric;
step 2: placing the functional layer base fabric in a sodium carbonate solution for pretreatment, washing and drying; soaking in polyethyleneimine solution, washing and drying; soaking in anion solution, transferring to cation solution, soaking, washing, and drying; carrying out cyclic anion-cation treatment for 4-7 times; obtaining a functional layer;
and step 3: and compounding the skin-friendly layer and the functional layer through a binder to obtain the high-flame-retardant anti-static composite fabric.
Optimally, in the step 1, in the skin-friendly layer, the cotton fibers are warp yarns, the density is 85-120 pieces/cm, and the radial distance is 0.6-0.8 cm; the silk fiber is weft yarn, the density is 60-75 pieces/cm, and the weft interval is 0.8-1 cm; in the functional layer base fabric, flax fibers are warp yarns, the density is 75-95 pieces/cm, and the radial distance is 0.8-1 cm; the cotton fibers are weft yarns, the density is 65-75 pieces/cm, and the weft-wise distance is 1-1.2 cm. Wherein, in the skin-friendly layer, the silk and cotton fiber have strong human comfort. The functional layer base fabric has larger pores, and aims to increase the strong flame retardant and antistatic performances for impregnation treatment.
Optimally, in the step 2, the pretreatment temperature is 70-75 ℃, and the time is 1-2 hours; the dipping time of the anion solution is 5-8 minutes; the cation dipping time is 5-8 minutes.
Preferably, in the step 2, the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 0.8-1.1 g/mL of sodium carbonate-water solution; 0.01-0.014 mol/L of polyethyleneimine-water solution; the anion solution is a graphene oxide-water solution with the concentration of 4.5-5.5 g/L; the cation solution is a modified casein-water solution with the concentration of 2-3 g/mL.
Preferably, polyvinyl alcohol is also added into the anion solution; the addition amount of the polyvinyl alcohol is 20-30% of the mass of the modified casein; the cationic solution is also added with glycerol, and the addition amount of the glycerol is 15-20% of the mass of the modified casein.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified casein comprises the following steps: ultrasonically dispersing casein in an acetic acid aqueous solution, and reacting for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 54-58 ℃; setting the temperature to be 75-80 ℃, dropwise adding a caprolactam water solution for 30-45 minutes, reacting for 2-3 hours, washing and drying to obtain the modified casein.
Preferably, the concentration of the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1.5-2 mol/L; the concentration of the caprolactam water solution is 6-8 g/mL.
Preferably, in step 2, the specific steps are as follows: placing the functional layer base fabric in a sodium carbonate solution for pretreatment, washing and drying; soaking in polyethyleneimine solution, washing and drying; soaking in anion solution, transferring to cation solution, soaking, washing, and drying; carrying out cyclic anion-cation treatment for 4-6 times; placing the mixture into deionized water, adjusting the pH to be 9-10 by using a sodium bicarbonate solution, setting the temperature to be 80 ℃, slowly adding a sodium borohydride solution, reacting for 1-1.5 hours, washing and drying; and (4) soaking in an ammonium polyphosphate solution, washing and drying to obtain the functional layer. Wherein all drying temperatures were 60 ℃.
Optimally, the content of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution is 3-4 times that of graphene oxide; the mass fraction of the ammonium polyphosphate solution is 8-10%; the dipping time of the ammonium polyphosphate solution is 10-20 minutes.
According to the technical scheme, the cationic solution and the anionic solution are adopted for cyclic coating, the double functions of flame retardance and static resistance are realized, the number of composite layers is reduced, the cost of the finishing agent is reduced, and the washing resistance is enhanced. And through the addition of polyvinyl alcohol and glycerin, the reduction of the tensile strength after finishing is inhibited, the hardness is reduced, and the hand feeling is improved. The high-flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric is prepared.
(1) The casein is a binding protein containing phosphorus and calcium, and has good compatibility with cotton fiber and flax fiber; and the surface is positively charged, is a cationic substance and can effectively adsorb the anionic graphene oxide. However, since casein is insoluble in water and its acidity causes hydrolysis of fiber, when the concentration of casein is increased, tensile strength is decreased and stiffness is increased. The caprolactam is used for modifying the casein to reduce the acidity of the casein, and meanwhile, the glycerol and the polyvinyl alcohol are added to enhance the toughness of the loaded film, inhibit the reduction of tensile strength and the hardness of the film and increase the hand feeling of the fabric. The graphene has conductivity and flame retardance, and two performances are effectively enhanced. The graphene oxide is adopted in the scheme, and the interlayer spacing is larger than that of the graphene, so that a carbon layer is formed quickly in the flame-retardant process. However, the stability of the graphene oxide is poor, and the graphene oxide is easy to aggregate, so that the stability of the graphene oxide is improved by adding polyvinyl alcohol into a cationic solution, and the dispersibility of the graphene oxide on the surface of the fabric is improved by combining casein in the cationic solution, and the aggregation is inhibited. Meanwhile, the graphene oxide has low load and is easy to fall off in the washing process, so that the problem is solved through a circulating impregnation process.
(2) In the process of circulating the 'anion-cation', the process of circulating improves the uniformity and the loading capacity of the impregnation. Wherein, amino, carboxyl and hydroxyl of the modified casein have strong interaction with oxygen-containing groups on the surface of the graphene. The modified casein and the polyvinyl alcohol have film forming property, and in the circulation process, the crosslinking is realized between layers under the action of the glycerol, so that the uniformity and the load firmness of the oxidized polyethylene in film forming are effectively enhanced, and the washing fastness is enhanced. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the modified casein and the polyvinyl alcohol, the dispersibility of the graphene can be effectively improved, and aggregation can be inhibited. And due to the mode, the stability of the reduced graphene oxide obtained by subsequent reduction is improved.
On the other hand, in the subsequent steps, graphene oxide is reduced through sodium borohydride, and ammonium polyphosphate is loaded, so that the flame retardance is further improved, and high flame retardance is realized. In the scheme, both the modified casein and the polyvinyl alcohol have reducibility to the graphene oxide, so that the consumption of sodium borohydride in the reduction process is reduced.
(3) Antistatic performance: casein forms an ion conduction path, and graphene oxide forms an electronic conduction loop, so that a double conduction path is formed, an electric loop is generated, electrostatic charges are effectively consumed, and an excellent anti-static effect is generated.
(4) High flame retardant property: the modified casein, the reduced graphene oxide and the ammonium polyphosphate have synergistic effect. In the combustion process, firstly, ammonium polyphosphate is decomposed at high temperature to form metaphosphate, so that the metaphosphate has stronger water absorption, gas phase combustion is inhibited, and ammonia type non-combustible gas is released to inhibit combustion; secondly, in the presence of ammonium polyphosphate, casein and a polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked network form an expanded carbon layer through catalytic dehydration; thirdly, reducing the graphene oxide to form an expanded and compact carbon layer on the surface of the fabric, and in cooperation with casein and the like, isolating oxygen and heat to form a physical barrier layer; the three components cooperate to produce high flame retardance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the cationic solution and the anionic solution are adopted for circular coating, so that the double functions of flame retardance and static resistance are realized, the number of composite layers is reduced, the cost of the finishing agent is reduced, and the washing resistance is enhanced. (2) By adding glycerol into the cationic solution and polyvinyl alcohol into the anionic solution, the reduction of the tensile strength of the fabric is inhibited, and the hand feeling is improved. (3) Through further reduction treatment and ammonium polyphosphate impregnation, the flame retardance is further improved, and the high flame retardant property of the fabric is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
step 1: using 42wt% cotton fiber as warp, the density is 85 pieces/cm, and the radial distance is 0.6 cm; taking 58wt% of silk fiber as weft yarn, wherein the density is 75 pieces/cm, and the weft interval is 0.8 cm; blending cotton fibers and silk fibers to obtain a skin-friendly layer; using 35wt% of flax fibers as warp yarns, wherein the density is 80 pieces/cm, and the radial distance is 1 cm; taking 65wt% of cotton fibers as weft yarns, wherein the density is 70 pieces/cm, and the weft spacing is 1.2cm, and blending the flax fibers and the cotton fibers to obtain a functional layer base fabric;
step 2: (1) ultrasonically dispersing graphene oxide in deionized water to obtain 5g/L of anion solution; (2) ultrasonically dispersing casein in 1.8mol/L acetic acid aqueous solution, and reacting for 2.5 hours at the set temperature of 55 ℃; setting the temperature to be 78 ℃, dropwise adding 7g/mL of caprolactam water solution for 40 minutes, reacting for 2.5 hours, washing and drying to obtain modified casein; ultrasonically dispersing the cationic polymer in deionized water to obtain 2.3g/mL of cationic; (3) putting the functional layer base fabric into 1g/mL sodium carbonate solution, pretreating for 1.5 hours at 72 ℃, washing and drying; soaking in 0.011mol/L polyethyleneimine solution for 1.2 hr, washing and drying; soaking in the anion solution for 5 min, transferring into the cation solution, soaking for 5 min, washing and drying; the treatment of "anion-cation" is cycled for 7 times; obtaining a functional layer;
and step 3: and compounding the skin-friendly layer and the functional layer through organic silicon resin to obtain the high-flame-retardant anti-static composite fabric.
In the scheme, the addition amount of the polyvinyl alcohol is 24 percent of the mass of the modified casein; the addition amount of the glycerol is 18 percent of the mass of the modified casein.
Example 2:
step 1: using 32wt% of cotton fibers as warp yarns, wherein the density is 110 pieces/cm, and the radial distance is 0.7 cm; taking 68wt% of silk fiber as weft yarn, wherein the density is 65 pieces/cm, and the weft interval is 0.9 cm; blending cotton fibers and silk fibers to obtain a skin-friendly layer; 30wt% of flax fiber is used as warp yarn, the density is 75 pieces/cm, and the radial spacing is 0.9 m; taking 70wt% of cotton fibers as weft yarns, enabling the density to be 75 pieces/cm and the weft spacing to be 1.1cm, and blending flax fibers and the cotton fibers to obtain a functional layer base fabric;
step 2: (1) ultrasonically dispersing graphene oxide in deionized water to obtain 4.5g/L of anion solution; (2) ultrasonically dispersing casein in 1.5mol/L acetic acid aqueous solution, and reacting for 2 hours at the set temperature of 54 ℃; setting the temperature to be 75 ℃, dropwise adding 6g/mL of caprolactam water solution for 30 minutes, reacting for 2 hours, washing and drying to obtain modified casein; ultrasonically dispersing the cationic polymer in deionized water; (3) putting the functional layer base fabric into 0.8g/mL sodium carbonate solution, pretreating for 2 hours at 70 ℃, washing and drying; soaking in 0.01mol/L polyethyleneimine solution for 1 hour, washing and drying; soaking in the anion solution for 8 min, transferring into the cation solution, soaking for 8 min, washing and drying; the treatment of "anion-cation" is cycled for 4 times; obtaining a functional layer;
and step 3: and compounding the skin-friendly layer and the functional layer through organic silicon resin to obtain the high-flame-retardant anti-static composite fabric.
In the scheme, the addition amount of the polyvinyl alcohol is 20% of the mass of the modified casein; the addition amount of the glycerol is 15% of the mass of the modified casein.
Example 3:
step 1: taking 50wt% of cotton fibers as warp yarns, wherein the density is 120 pieces/cm, and the radial distance is 0.8 cm; taking 50wt% of silk fiber as weft yarn, wherein the density is 60 pieces/cm, and the weft interval is 1 cm; blending cotton fibers and silk fibers to obtain a skin-friendly layer; using 40wt% of flax fibers as warp yarns, wherein the density is 95 pieces/cm, and the radial spacing is 0.8 cm; taking 60wt% of cotton fibers as weft yarns, enabling the density to be 65 pieces/cm and the weft spacing to be 1cm, and blending the flax fibers and the cotton fibers to obtain a functional layer base fabric;
step 2: (1) ultrasonically dispersing graphene oxide in deionized water to obtain 5.5g/L of anion solution; (2) ultrasonically dispersing casein in 2mol/L acetic acid water solution, and reacting for 3 hours at the set temperature of 58 ℃; setting the temperature to be 80 ℃, dropwise adding 8g/mL caprolactam water solution for 45 minutes, reacting for 3 hours, washing and drying to obtain modified casein; ultrasonically dispersing the cationic polymer in deionized water to obtain 3g/mL cationic; (3) putting the functional layer base fabric into 1.1g/mL sodium carbonate solution, pretreating for 1 hour at 75 ℃, washing and drying; soaking in 0.014mol/L polyethyleneimine solution for 1.5 hours, washing and drying; soaking in the anion solution for 6 minutes, transferring to the cation solution, soaking for 6 minutes, washing and drying; the treatment of "anion-cation" is circulated for 6 times; obtaining a functional layer;
and step 3: and compounding the skin-friendly layer and the functional layer through organic silicon resin to obtain the high-flame-retardant anti-static composite fabric.
In the scheme, the addition amount of the polyvinyl alcohol is 30% of the mass of the modified casein; the addition amount of the glycerol is 20 percent of the mass of the modified casein.
Example 4:
step 1: using 42wt% cotton fiber as warp, the density is 85 pieces/cm, and the radial distance is 0.6 cm; taking 58wt% of silk fiber as weft yarn, wherein the density is 75 pieces/cm, and the weft interval is 0.8 cm; blending cotton fibers and silk fibers to obtain a skin-friendly layer; using 35wt% of flax fibers as warp yarns, wherein the density is 80 pieces/cm, and the radial distance is 1 cm; taking 65wt% of cotton fibers as weft yarns, wherein the density is 70 pieces/cm, and the weft spacing is 1.2cm, and blending the flax fibers and the cotton fibers to obtain a functional layer base fabric;
step 2: (1) ultrasonically dispersing graphene oxide in deionized water to obtain a 5g/L graphene oxide aqueous solution, and adding polyvinyl alcohol for ultrasonic dispersion to obtain an anion solution; (2) ultrasonically dispersing casein in 1.8mol/L acetic acid aqueous solution, and reacting for 2.5 hours at the set temperature of 55 ℃; setting the temperature to be 78 ℃, dropwise adding 7g/mL of caprolactam water solution for 40 minutes, reacting for 2.5 hours, washing and drying to obtain modified casein; ultrasonically dispersing the modified casein in deionized water to obtain a modified casein solution of 2.3g/mL, adding glycerol, and ultrasonically dispersing to obtain a cationic solution; (3) putting the functional layer base fabric into 1g/mL sodium carbonate solution, pretreating for 1.5 hours at 72 ℃, washing and drying; soaking in 0.011mol/L polyethyleneimine solution for 1.2 hr, washing and drying; soaking in the anion solution for 5 min, transferring into the cation solution, soaking for 5 min, washing and drying; the treatment of "anion-cation" is cycled for 7 times; placing the mixture into deionized water, adjusting the pH to be =9.8 by using sodium bicarbonate solution, setting the temperature to be 80 ℃, slowly adding 6mol/L sodium borohydride solution, reacting for 1 hour, washing and drying; and (4) soaking in an ammonium polyphosphate solution for 15 minutes, washing and drying to obtain the functional layer.
And 3, step 3: and compounding the skin-friendly layer and the functional layer through organic silicon resin to obtain the high-flame-retardant anti-static composite fabric.
In the scheme, the addition amount of the polyvinyl alcohol is 24 percent of the mass of the modified casein; the addition amount of the glycerol is 18 percent of the mass of the modified casein. The amount of sodium borohydride is 3.5 times of that of graphene oxide, and the mass fraction of the ammonium polyphosphate solution is 8%.
Comparative example 1: in the scheme, polyvinyl alcohol is not added into the anion solution; the rest is the same as in example 4.
Comparative example 2: in the scheme, glycerin is not added into the cation solution; the rest is the same as in example 4.
Comparative example 3: without its reduction with sodium borohydride; the rest is the same as in example 4.
Comparative example 4: mixing anion and cation, and soaking for 30 min; the rest is the same as in example 4.
Experiment: and (3) taking one of the high-flame-retardant antistatic composite fabrics in the examples 1-4 and the comparative examples 1-4 for performance characterization. Referring to GB/T1477-2005, a tensile tester is adopted, the set speed is 10mm/min, and the tensile property of the composite fabric is represented. GB/T5454-1997, detecting the limit oxygen index and characterizing the flame retardant property of the composite fabric. According to GB/T16801-. The data obtained are as follows:
| examples | LOI/% | Surface resistivity/omega | Tensile strength/MPa |
| Example 1 | 28.9 | 1.09×105 | 14.2 |
| Example 2 | 28.3 | 2.12×105 | 14.1 |
| Example 3 | 28.5 | 1.23×105 | 13.8 |
| Example 4 | 29.5 | 0.96×105 | 14.0 |
| Comparative example 1 | 29.6 | 4.01×105 | 13.1 |
| Comparative example 2 | 29.7 | 2.34×105 | 13.0 |
| Comparative example 3 | 29.2 | 1.03×105 | 14.0 |
| Comparative example 4 | 27.6 | 6.02×105 | 12.6 |
And (4) conclusion: from the data of examples 1 to 4, it can be seen that: the prepared high-flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric has good flame retardancy, the LOI values are all larger than 28%, and in example 4, the flame retardancy is further improved due to the fact that graphene oxide is further reduced and ammonium polyphosphate is loaded. The antistatic effect of the composite fabric is excellent and can be as low as 0.96 multiplied by 105Meanwhile, the tensile strength is not reduced and slightly increased, and the pull-up strength of the functional base fabric is 13.6 MPa.
The data for comparative example 1 shows that: the absence of polyvinyl alcohol allows a slight increase in LOI, but only a small magnitude, because the material is flammable, but the surface resistivity decreases, while the tensile strength decreases. The same comparative example 2 without glycerol addition varied similarly to comparative example 1, both due to: when the concentration of casein is increased, the tensile strength is reduced, the hardness is increased, and the polyvinyl alcohol enhances the toughness after film forming by loading and inhibits the reduction of the tensile strength; and the plasticizing effect produced by the glycerin further suppresses the decrease in tensile strength. The reason for the variation in surface resistivity is the uniform dispersion of graphene oxide and the hydrophilicity of polyvinyl alcohol.
The data for comparative example 3 shows that: it was found that the performance was decreased because the unreduced graphene oxide decreased the abundance of hydroxyl groups, resulting in decreased flame retardancy and antistatic properties. Because the data for comparative example 3 is better than example 1 but less than example 4.
The data in comparative example 4 were very variable, and the flame retardancy, antistatic property, and tensile strength were all decreased. The reason is that: casein can cause hydrolysis of fibers, so that tensile property is reduced, and graphene oxide has the defects of poor dispersibility and easy aggregation. One-time impregnation can reduce the loading amount and harden the surface film. Meanwhile, the two ion solutions react in the round to generate precipitates.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a high flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: blending cotton fibers and silk fibers to obtain a skin-friendly layer; blending flax fibers and cotton fibers to obtain a functional layer base fabric;
step 2: placing the functional layer base fabric in a sodium carbonate solution for pretreatment, washing and drying; soaking in polyethyleneimine solution, washing and drying; soaking in anion solution, transferring to cation solution, soaking, washing, and drying; carrying out cyclic anion-cation treatment for 4-7 times; obtaining a functional layer;
and step 3: and compounding the skin-friendly layer and the functional layer through a binder to obtain the high-flame-retardant anti-static composite fabric.
2. The preparation method of the high flame retardant antistatic composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step 1, in the skin-friendly layer, the cotton fibers are warp yarns, the density is 85-120 pieces/cm, and the radial distance is 0.6-0.8 cm; the silk fiber is weft yarn, the density is 60-75 pieces/cm, and the weft interval is 0.8-1 cm; in the functional layer base fabric, flax fibers are warp yarns, the density is 75-95 pieces/cm, and the radial distance is 0.8-1 cm; the cotton fibers are weft yarns, the density is 65-75 pieces/cm, and the weft-wise distance is 1-1.2 cm.
3. The preparation method of the high flame retardant antistatic composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step 2, the pretreatment temperature is 70-75 ℃, and the time is 1-2 hours; the dipping time of the anion solution is 5-8 minutes; the cation dipping time is 5-8 minutes.
4. The preparation method of the high flame retardant antistatic composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step 2, the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 0.8-1.1 g/mL of sodium carbonate-water solution; 0.01-0.014 mol/L of polyethyleneimine-water solution; the anion solution is a graphene oxide-water solution with the concentration of 4.5-5.5 g/L; the cation solution is a modified casein-water solution with the concentration of 2-3 g/mL.
5. The preparation method of the high flame retardant antistatic composite fabric according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: polyvinyl alcohol is also added into the anion solution; the addition amount of the polyvinyl alcohol is 20-30% of the mass of the modified casein; the cationic solution is also added with glycerol, and the addition amount of the glycerol is 15-20% of the mass of the modified casein.
6. The preparation method of the high flame retardant antistatic composite fabric according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method of the modified casein comprises the following steps: ultrasonically dispersing casein in an acetic acid aqueous solution, and reacting for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 54-58 ℃; setting the temperature to be 75-80 ℃, dropwise adding a caprolactam water solution for 30-45 minutes, reacting for 2-3 hours, washing and drying to obtain the modified casein.
7. The preparation method of the high flame retardant antistatic composite fabric according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: the concentration of the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1.5-2 mol/L; the concentration of the caprolactam water solution is 6-8 g/mL.
8. The preparation method of the high flame retardant antistatic composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step 2, the concrete steps are as follows: pre-treating the functional layer base fabric in a sodium carbonate solution, washing and drying; soaking in polyethyleneimine solution, washing and drying; soaking in anion solution, transferring to cation solution, soaking, washing, and drying; carrying out cyclic anion-cation treatment for 4-6 times; placing the mixture into deionized water, adjusting the pH to be 9-10 by using a sodium bicarbonate solution, setting the temperature to be 80 ℃, slowly adding a sodium borohydride solution, reacting for 1-1.5 hours, washing and drying; and (4) soaking in an ammonium polyphosphate solution, washing and drying to obtain the functional layer.
9. The preparation method of the high-flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric according to claim 8, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the sodium borohydride solution, the content of sodium borohydride is 3-4 times of that of graphene oxide; the mass fraction of the ammonium polyphosphate solution is 8-10%; and the dipping time of the ammonium polyphosphate solution is 10-20 minutes.
10. The high flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric prepared by the preparation method of the high flame-retardant antistatic composite fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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