CN114434324A - A grinding device with pressure feedback - Google Patents
A grinding device with pressure feedback Download PDFInfo
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- CN114434324A CN114434324A CN202210124902.0A CN202210124902A CN114434324A CN 114434324 A CN114434324 A CN 114434324A CN 202210124902 A CN202210124902 A CN 202210124902A CN 114434324 A CN114434324 A CN 114434324A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/10—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces
- B24B47/12—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces by mechanical gearing or electric power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于机械磨削技术领域,具体涉及一种带压力反馈的磨削装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical grinding, and in particular relates to a grinding device with pressure feedback.
背景技术Background technique
在金属材料磨削,尤其是金属管材倒坡口等数控加工领域,磨削头的磨削量,磨削后的工件表面质量都跟磨削头与工件的接触压力以及磨削头的转速高度相关,现有的数控系统能对磨削头的转速进行精确控制,但无法把磨削头与工件的接触压力作为一个实时的反馈量输入到数控系统中进行控制,从而无法做到精准的工艺磨削。In the field of metal material grinding, especially in the field of CNC machining such as metal pipe chamfering, the grinding amount of the grinding head and the surface quality of the workpiece after grinding are all related to the contact pressure between the grinding head and the workpiece and the speed of the grinding head. Relatedly, the existing CNC system can precisely control the rotation speed of the grinding head, but cannot input the contact pressure between the grinding head and the workpiece into the CNC system as a real-time feedback quantity for control, so that the precise process cannot be achieved. grinding.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是为了解决上述问题,提出了一种带压力反馈的磨削装置。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a grinding device with pressure feedback in order to solve the above problems.
为实现以上技术目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:To achieve the above technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种带压力反馈的磨削装置,包括磨削头,还包括弹簧轴、外围主轴、直线旋转轴承、连接件、弹性件、受力体以及压力传感器;外围主轴内设有通道,连接件、弹性件、受力体以及压力传感器均位于通道内;磨削头与弹簧轴的一端连接,弹簧轴的另一端伸入至外围主轴的通道内与弹性件连接;直线旋转轴承套设于弹簧轴外,并且与外围主轴连接;弹性件与受力体的一端连接,受力体的另一端与压力传感器连接;受力体、压力传感器均与外围主轴连接;弹簧轴通过弹性件沿外围主轴方向直线运动;弹簧轴通过连接件与外围主轴连接,弹簧轴通过连接件随外围主轴整体转动。A grinding device with pressure feedback includes a grinding head, a spring shaft, a peripheral main shaft, a linear rotary bearing, a connecting piece, an elastic piece, a force-bearing body and a pressure sensor; the peripheral main shaft is provided with a channel, the connecting piece, The elastic part, the force receiving body and the pressure sensor are all located in the channel; the grinding head is connected with one end of the spring shaft, and the other end of the spring shaft extends into the channel of the peripheral main shaft to connect with the elastic part; the linear rotary bearing is sleeved on the spring shaft The elastic member is connected to one end of the force-receiving body, and the other end of the force-receiving body is connected to the pressure sensor; both the force-receiving body and the pressure sensor are connected to the peripheral main shaft; the spring shaft passes the elastic member along the direction of the peripheral main shaft Linear motion; the spring shaft is connected with the peripheral main shaft through the connecting piece, and the spring shaft rotates integrally with the peripheral main shaft through the connecting piece.
进一步地,连接件为键传动件,键传动件包括设置于通道内壁的第一键槽与设置于弹簧轴外壁的键,外围主轴通过键槽与键相适配带动弹簧轴转动。Further, the connecting member is a key transmission member, and the key transmission member includes a first key groove disposed on the inner wall of the channel and a key disposed on the outer wall of the spring shaft, and the peripheral spindle drives the spring shaft to rotate through the matching of the key groove and the key.
进一步地,弹簧轴外壁设有用于安装键的第二键槽。Further, the outer wall of the spring shaft is provided with a second keyway for installing the key.
进一步地,位于直线旋转轴承套与第二键槽之间的外围主轴外壁设有第一阶梯状结构,第一阶梯状结构处的外围主轴直径大于直线旋转轴承内的外围主轴直径。Further, the outer wall of the peripheral main shaft between the linear rotary bearing sleeve and the second keyway is provided with a first stepped structure, and the diameter of the peripheral main shaft at the first stepped structure is larger than the diameter of the peripheral main shaft in the linear rotary bearing.
进一步地,弹性件包括弹簧,弹簧的一端套设于弹簧轴外,另一端套设于受力体外。Further, the elastic member includes a spring, one end of the spring is sleeved outside the spring shaft, and the other end is sleeved outside the force receiving body.
进一步地,位于第二键槽与弹簧的一端之间的外围主轴外壁设有第二阶梯状结构,第二阶梯状结构处的外围主轴直径大于弹簧内部的外围主轴直径。Further, the outer wall of the peripheral main shaft between the second key groove and one end of the spring is provided with a second stepped structure, and the diameter of the peripheral main shaft at the second stepped structure is larger than the diameter of the peripheral main shaft inside the spring.
进一步地,受力体外壁设有一圈凸起,弹簧的另一端可与凸起相抵。Further, a ring of protrusions is provided on the outer wall of the force-bearing body, and the other end of the spring can abut against the protrusions.
进一步地,外围主轴末端与滑环连接,压力传感器的信号线与电源线从通孔穿出后与滑环的接线端子相连。Further, the end of the peripheral spindle is connected with the slip ring, and the signal wire and the power wire of the pressure sensor are connected to the connection terminal of the slip ring after passing through the through hole.
进一步地,外围主轴外壁设有与外部传动机构连接的第三键槽。Further, the outer wall of the peripheral main shaft is provided with a third keyway connected with the external transmission mechanism.
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益技术效果为:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:
(1)本发明通过弹簧轴、直线旋转轴承、弹性件、受力体和压力传感器构成一个线性弹性测量系统,可以精确的实时测量出磨削头在磨削过程中受到的轴向压力。此外,外围主轴通过连接件带动弹簧轴作旋转运动,因为直线旋转轴承的作用,弹簧轴在受到轴向压力时的轴向运动能与旋转运动保持相互独立,是两个不相干涉的自由度运动形式。该装置整体结构非常简单却又紧凑,且能够实时的精确测量磨削头的轴向压力,非常适用于高速磨削过程中的数控设备应用;(1) The present invention constitutes a linear elastic measurement system through a spring shaft, a linear rotary bearing, an elastic member, a force receiving body and a pressure sensor, which can accurately measure the axial pressure of the grinding head during the grinding process in real time. In addition, the peripheral main shaft drives the spring shaft to rotate through the connecting piece. Because of the function of the linear rotary bearing, the axial movement of the spring shaft under axial pressure can be kept independent of the rotational movement, which are two degrees of freedom that do not interfere with each other. form of movement. The overall structure of the device is very simple and compact, and can accurately measure the axial pressure of the grinding head in real time, which is very suitable for the application of numerical control equipment in the high-speed grinding process;
(2)压力传感器的信号线和电源线从外围主轴内孔穿出与固定位置的滑环连接,从而使得压力信号能够传送给相应的控制器。(2) The signal line and power line of the pressure sensor pass through the inner hole of the peripheral spindle to connect with the fixed position slip ring, so that the pressure signal can be transmitted to the corresponding controller.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实施例内部结构示意图;1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this embodiment;
图2为本实施例外部结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of this embodiment.
图中,1磨削头、2弹簧轴、3端盖、4直线旋转轴承、5平键、6弹簧、7受力体、8压力传感器、9外围主轴、10滑环、11第一键槽。In the figure, 1 grinding head, 2 spring shaft, 3 end cover, 4 linear rotary bearing, 5 flat key, 6 spring, 7 force body, 8 pressure sensor, 9 peripheral spindle, 10 slip ring, 11 first keyway.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步地描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅仅限于此。The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
如图1、图2所示,本实施例一种带压力反馈的磨削装置,包括磨削头1,还包括弹簧轴2、外围主轴9、直线旋转轴承4、连接件、弹性件、受力体7以及压力传感器8。外围主轴9内设有通道,连接件、弹性件、受力体7以及压力传感器8均位于通道内。磨削头1与弹簧轴2的一端连接,弹簧轴2的另一端伸入至外围主轴9内与弹性件连接。直线旋转轴承4套设于弹簧轴2外,并且与外围主轴9连接。弹性件与受力体7的一端连接,受力体7的另一端与压力传感器8连接。受力体7、压力传感器8均与外围主轴9连接。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a grinding device with pressure feedback in this embodiment includes a grinding head 1, a spring shaft 2, a peripheral main shaft 9, a linear rotary bearing 4, a connecting piece, an elastic piece, a receiving Force body 7 and pressure sensor 8 . The peripheral main shaft 9 is provided with a channel, and the connecting piece, the elastic piece, the force receiving body 7 and the pressure sensor 8 are all located in the channel. The grinding head 1 is connected with one end of the spring shaft 2, and the other end of the spring shaft 2 extends into the peripheral main shaft 9 and is connected with the elastic member. The linear rotation bearing 4 is sleeved outside the spring shaft 2 and is connected with the peripheral main shaft 9 . The elastic piece is connected to one end of the force-receiving body 7 , and the other end of the force-receiving body 7 is connected to the pressure sensor 8 . Both the force receiving body 7 and the pressure sensor 8 are connected to the peripheral main shaft 9 .
弹簧轴2通过弹性件沿外围主轴9方向直线运动。弹簧轴2通过连接件与外围主轴9连接,弹簧轴2通过连接件随外围主轴9整体转动。磨削头1通过螺纹连接的形式紧固在弹簧轴2上,直线旋转轴承4通过螺栓连接形式固定在外围主轴9上。压力传感器8的下端通过螺纹形式固定在外围主轴9内的内螺纹孔里。弹簧6受力体7通过螺纹形式紧固在所述压力传感器8的上端。The spring shaft 2 moves linearly along the direction of the peripheral main shaft 9 through the elastic element. The spring shaft 2 is connected with the peripheral main shaft 9 through the connecting piece, and the spring shaft 2 integrally rotates with the peripheral main shaft 9 through the connecting piece. The grinding head 1 is fastened on the spring shaft 2 in the form of screw connection, and the linear rotary bearing 4 is fixed on the peripheral main shaft 9 in the form of bolt connection. The lower end of the pressure sensor 8 is fixed in the inner threaded hole in the peripheral main shaft 9 by means of threads. The force-receiving body 7 of the spring 6 is fastened on the upper end of the pressure sensor 8 by means of threads.
压力传感器8用以测量磨削头1与工件的接触压力。外部传动机构如同步带轮或齿轮等可带动外围主轴9转动,外围主轴9转动时带动磨削头1、弹簧轴2、直线旋转轴承4、连接件、弹性件、受力体7以及压力传感器8整体转动。转动的过程中,当磨削头1与工件的接触压力发生变化时,外围主轴9可增长或缩短伸出通道外的长度。因此,本实施例通过弹簧轴2、直线旋转轴承4、弹性件、受力体7和压力传感器8构成一个线性弹性测量系统,可以精确的实时测量出磨削头1在磨削过程中受到的轴向压力。此外,外围主轴9通过连接件带动弹簧轴2作旋转运动,因为直线旋转轴承4的作用,弹簧轴2在受到轴向压力时的轴向运动能与旋转运动保持相互独立,是两个不相干涉的自由度运动形式。该装置整体结构非常简单却又紧凑,且能够实时的精确测量磨削头1的轴向压力,非常适用于高速磨削过程中的数控设备应用。The pressure sensor 8 is used to measure the contact pressure between the grinding head 1 and the workpiece. External transmission mechanisms such as synchronous pulleys or gears can drive the peripheral main shaft 9 to rotate. When the peripheral main shaft 9 rotates, it drives the grinding head 1, the spring shaft 2, the linear rotary bearing 4, the connecting piece, the elastic piece, the force-bearing body 7 and the pressure sensor. 8 turn as a whole. During the rotation, when the contact pressure between the grinding head 1 and the workpiece changes, the peripheral spindle 9 can lengthen or shorten the length extending out of the channel. Therefore, in this embodiment, a linear elastic measurement system is constituted by the spring shaft 2, the linear rotary bearing 4, the elastic member, the force receiving body 7 and the pressure sensor 8, which can accurately measure in real time the amount of force that the grinding head 1 receives during the grinding process. Axial pressure. In addition, the peripheral main shaft 9 drives the spring shaft 2 to rotate through the connecting piece. Because of the action of the linear rotary bearing 4, the axial movement of the spring shaft 2 when subjected to the axial pressure can be kept independent of the rotational movement, and the two are independent of each other. The degree of freedom motion form of the interference. The overall structure of the device is very simple and compact, and can accurately measure the axial pressure of the grinding head 1 in real time, which is very suitable for the application of numerical control equipment in the high-speed grinding process.
本实施例的连接件为键传动件,键传动件包括设置于通道内壁的第一键槽11与设置于弹簧轴2外壁的键,外围主轴9通过键槽与键相适配带动弹簧轴2转动。第一键槽11具有一定长度,所述弹簧轴2在直线旋转轴承4的支撑约束下能够进行轴向运动,其在外围主轴9通道内做轴向运动的行程由外围主轴9的第一键槽11长度确定,键会与外围主轴9的第一键槽11相碰。为便于安装与键槽匹配的键,弹簧轴2外壁设有用于安装键的第二键槽。键为圆头平键5。键与第二键槽构成键传动结构。外围主轴9通孔内开有一定长度的第一键槽11,弹簧轴2又开有第二键槽,第二键槽可安装圆头平键5。键与第二键槽构成键传动结构,外围主轴9又通过键传动的形式使得弹簧轴2作旋转运动。The connecting member in this embodiment is a key transmission member. The key transmission member includes a first keyway 11 disposed on the inner wall of the channel and a key disposed on the outer wall of the spring shaft 2. The peripheral spindle 9 drives the spring shaft 2 to rotate through the matching of the keyway and the key. The first keyway 11 has a certain length, and the spring shaft 2 can perform axial movement under the support and constraint of the linear rotary bearing 4 . When the length is determined, the key will collide with the first keyway 11 of the peripheral spindle 9 . In order to facilitate the installation of a key matching the keyway, the outer wall of the spring shaft 2 is provided with a second keyway for installing the key. The key is a round head flat key 5. The key and the second keyway constitute a key transmission structure. A first keyway 11 of a certain length is opened in the through hole of the peripheral main shaft 9, and a second keyway is opened in the spring shaft 2, and the second keyway can be installed with a round head flat key 5. The key and the second keyway form a key transmission structure, and the peripheral main shaft 9 makes the spring shaft 2 rotate through the form of key transmission.
位于直线旋转轴承4套与第二键槽之间的外围主轴9外壁设有第一阶梯状结构,第一阶梯状结构处的外围主轴9直径大于直线旋转轴承4内的外围主轴9直径。弹簧轴2的前端与直线旋转轴承4相互配合,同时弹簧轴2后端的第一阶梯状结构处的直径要比前端要大,并带有台阶。弹簧轴2向外围主轴9通道外做轴向运动时,弹簧轴2第一阶梯状结构处的台阶会与直线旋转轴承4相碰,从而行成约束。本实施例的第一阶梯状结构为两级台阶。The outer wall of the peripheral main shaft 9 located between the linear rotary bearing 4 sleeve and the second keyway is provided with a first stepped structure. The front end of the spring shaft 2 cooperates with the linear rotary bearing 4, and the diameter of the first stepped structure at the rear end of the spring shaft 2 is larger than that of the front end and has steps. When the spring shaft 2 moves axially to the outside of the channel of the peripheral main shaft 9, the step at the first stepped structure of the spring shaft 2 will collide with the linear rotary bearing 4, thereby forming a constraint. The first stepped structure in this embodiment is two steps.
弹性件包括弹簧6,弹簧6的一端套设于弹簧轴2外,另一端套设于受力体7外。受力体7为弹性受力体7。具体为弹簧6的内圈套在受力体7的上端螺柱部分,所述弹簧轴2的下端螺柱部分插进所述弹簧6的内圈,弹簧轴2向外围主轴9内部作轴向运动,通过弹簧6直接作用于受力体7。The elastic member includes a spring 6 , one end of the spring 6 is sleeved outside the spring shaft 2 , and the other end is sleeved outside the force receiving body 7 . The force-bearing body 7 is an elastic force-bearing body 7 . Specifically, the inner ring of the spring 6 is sleeved on the upper end stud portion of the force receiving body 7 , the lower end stud portion of the spring shaft 2 is inserted into the inner ring of the spring 6 , and the spring shaft 2 moves axially toward the interior of the peripheral main shaft 9 , acting directly on the force-receiving body 7 through the spring 6 .
位于第二键槽与弹簧6的一端之间的外围主轴9外壁设有第二阶梯状结构,第二阶梯状结构处的外围主轴9直径大于弹簧6内部的外围主轴9直径,弹簧轴2第二阶梯状结构处的台阶可与弹簧6相抵,以便安装固定弹簧6。受力体7外壁设有一圈凸起,弹簧6的另一端可与凸起相抵,以便安装固定弹簧6。本实施例的第二阶梯状结构为两级台阶。The outer wall of the peripheral main shaft 9 located between the second keyway and one end of the spring 6 is provided with a second stepped structure. The diameter of the peripheral main shaft 9 at the second stepped structure is larger than the diameter of the peripheral main shaft 9 inside the spring 6. The steps at the stepped structure can abut against the spring 6 so as to install the fixed spring 6 . The outer wall of the force-receiving body 7 is provided with a circle of protrusions, and the other end of the spring 6 can abut against the protrusions, so as to install the fixed spring 6 . The second stepped structure in this embodiment is two steps.
外围主轴9首端设有套设在弹簧6轴外的端盖3。外围主轴9末端与滑环10连接,压力传感器8的信号线与电源线从通孔穿出后与滑环10的接线端子相连。所述滑环10固定安装在所述外围主轴9的后端。The head end of the peripheral main shaft 9 is provided with an end cover 3 sleeved outside the shaft of the spring 6 . The end of the peripheral spindle 9 is connected to the
外围主轴9外壁设有与外部传动机构连接的第三键槽。外部传动机构比如同步带轮或齿轮等可通过在第三键槽内设置的键传动来使得外围主轴9作旋转运动。The outer wall of the peripheral main shaft 9 is provided with a third keyway which is connected with the external transmission mechanism. An external transmission mechanism such as a synchronous pulley or a gear can make the peripheral main shaft 9 rotate through the key transmission provided in the third key groove.
本实施例的使用原理为:磨削过程中,外部传动机构带动外围主轴9转动,外围主轴9通过键传动带动弹簧轴2、磨削头1整体转动;在磨削头1转动的过程中,磨削头1与工件的接触压力变化时,导致弹簧轴2、磨削头1整体沿弹簧轴2的轴向运动,靠近或远离外围主轴9内部的通道;压力经弹簧6传导至受力体7,压力传感器8感知感知受力体7的压力并将压力以数值的方式呈现。The use principle of this embodiment is as follows: during the grinding process, the external transmission mechanism drives the peripheral main shaft 9 to rotate, and the peripheral main shaft 9 drives the spring shaft 2 and the grinding head 1 to rotate as a whole through the key transmission; during the rotation of the grinding head 1, When the contact pressure between the grinding head 1 and the workpiece changes, the spring shaft 2 and the grinding head 1 move along the axial direction of the spring shaft 2 as a whole, approaching or away from the channel inside the peripheral spindle 9; the pressure is transmitted to the force-bearing body through the spring 6 7. The pressure sensor 8 senses the pressure of the force-receiving body 7 and presents the pressure in numerical form.
综上所述,本实施例通过弹簧轴2、直线旋转轴承4、弹簧6、弹性受力体7和压力传感器8一起组成一个线性弹性测量系统,可以精确的实时测量出磨削头1在磨削过程中所受到的轴向压力。外围主轴9通过键传动的形式带动弹簧轴2作旋转运动,由于直线旋转轴承4的支撑约束作用,弹簧轴2在受到轴向压力时的轴向运动能与旋转运动保持相互独立,不相干涉。To sum up, in this embodiment, the spring shaft 2, the linear rotary bearing 4, the spring 6, the elastic force-receiving body 7 and the pressure sensor 8 together form a linear elastic measuring system, which can accurately measure the grinding head 1 in real time. Axial pressure during cutting. The peripheral main shaft 9 drives the spring shaft 2 to rotate through the form of key transmission. Due to the support and restraint effect of the linear rotary bearing 4, the axial movement of the spring shaft 2 when subjected to axial pressure can remain independent from the rotational movement without interfering with each other. .
以上对本发明的实施例进行了详细说明,对本领域的普通技术人员而言,依据本发明提供的思想,在具体实施方式上会有改变之处,而这些改变也应视为本发明的保护范围。The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. For those of ordinary skill in the art, based on the ideas provided by the present invention, there will be changes in the specific embodiments, and these changes should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. .
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