CN114433764B - Preparation method of TA22 titanium alloy forged piece with high plastic toughness - Google Patents
Preparation method of TA22 titanium alloy forged piece with high plastic toughness Download PDFInfo
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- CN114433764B CN114433764B CN202210118116.XA CN202210118116A CN114433764B CN 114433764 B CN114433764 B CN 114433764B CN 202210118116 A CN202210118116 A CN 202210118116A CN 114433764 B CN114433764 B CN 114433764B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K29/00—Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-ductility and toughness TA22 titanium alloy forging, which comprises the following steps: 1. the TA22 titanium alloy ingot is cast at the phase transformation point T β Carrying out multi-fire upsetting and drawing to obtain a primary blank; 2. the primary blank is placed at the phase transition point T β Then, carrying out multiple fire times of forging change to obtain an intermediate blank; 3. the intermediate blank is positioned at the phase transformation point T β Then, forming and forging are carried out to obtain the TA22 titanium alloy forging. The invention carries out phase transition point T on TA22 titanium alloy ingots in sequence β Upper multi-fire upset and phase transition point T β And then, the multi-fire forging is carried out, so that the content of alpha p in the TA22 titanium alloy is effectively controlled, the size and the form of alpha p crystal grains are improved, the TA22 titanium alloy forged piece with good plasticity and impact absorption power is obtained, the requirement of GJB943A-2018 on the TA22 titanium alloy forged piece in titanium alloy forged piece specification for ships is met, and the problem that the equiaxial alpha p is difficult to spheroidize and recrystallize in the conventional forging process is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy material processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a TA22 titanium alloy forging with high plastic toughness.
Background
The TA22 titanium alloy is a novel high-temperature-resistant, corrosion-resistant, hydrogen-embrittlement-resistant and medium-strength near-alpha type titanium alloy which is designed and developed during the period of 'seven five' and 'eight five' of the northwest nonferrous metal institute, and the nominal component is Ti-3Al-1Mo-1Ni-1Zr. The alloy has high plasticity and toughness, medium-temperature heat strength, high-temperature durability, good corrosion resistance and weldability and good processability, and is widely applied to the fields of ships, ocean engineering, chemical engineering and the like. GJB943A-2018 titanium alloy forging specification for ships stipulates that the room temperature mechanical property of TA22 forgings meets the following indexes: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 590MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 490MPa, the elongation after fracture is more than or equal to 16 percent, and the impact absorption energy is more than or equal to 47J. The Al equivalent of the alloy is about 3.2, the alloy is a low Al equivalent near-alpha alloy, and the alloy is mainly characterized in that the alpha phase of a lamella is difficult to recrystallize, and the typical tissue structure of the product prepared by adopting the conventional forging process is peanut-shaped, namely, the high-power morphology is formed by a large number of kinked strip alpha phases, so that the plasticity and the impact resistance of the final product are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a high-ductility and tough TA22 titanium alloy forging aiming at the defects of the prior art. The method carries out phase transition point T on TA22 titanium alloy ingots in sequence β Upper multi-fire upset and phase transition point T β And then, multiple-fire forging is carried out, the content of alpha p in the TA22 titanium alloy is effectively controlled through the design of a deformation process, the size and the form of alpha p crystal grains are improved, the TA22 titanium alloy forged piece with good plasticity and impact absorption power is obtained, and the problem that the isometric alpha p is difficult to spheroidize and recrystallize in the conventional forging process is solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a TA22 titanium alloy forging with high ductility and toughness is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, placing the TA22 titanium alloy ingot at a phase transformation point T β Carrying out multi-fire upsetting and drawing to obtain a primary blank; the last hot upsetting-drawing control forging in the multi-hot upsetting-drawing process is in a flat square shape, and water cooling is performed after the multi-hot upsetting-drawing process, so that the ratio of the thickness, the width and the length of the obtained primary blank is 1:2:1.5 or 1.9:1.9:1;
step two, the primary blank obtained in the step one is at a phase transformation point T β Then, performing multiple fire times of forging change to obtain an intermediate blank;
step three, the step twoAt the phase transition point T of the intermediate blank obtained in (1) β Then, forming and forging are carried out to obtain a TA22 titanium alloy forging; after the TA22 titanium alloy forging is subjected to heat treatment, the mechanical properties of the forging all meet the requirements of GJB943A-2018 titanium alloy forging specification for ships on plasticity and impact absorption power.
In terms of plasticity of the material, the uniform fine-grained and spherical tissues in the general sense have good deformation coordination, so that the material can bear more deformation when bearing an external load and has better plasticity. Therefore, in order to improve the plasticity of the material, it is usually done by lowering the annealing or hot working temperature to obtain a spherical fine-grained structure; in terms of the impact resistance of the material, it is currently widely believed that primary α p grain boundaries are the main nucleation sites of the primary cracks and α clusters have a significant inhibiting effect on the propagation of crack paths. It is therefore common practice to raise the impact absorption work of the material by raising the annealing or hot working temperature as much as possible in order to obtain as few as possible primary α p grain boundaries and relatively many α clusters.
On the basis of the mechanism research, the invention leads the TA22 titanium alloy ingot to be at the phase transformation point T β The method comprises the steps of carrying out multi-fire upsetting and drawing, controlling the shape and the size of the obtained primary blank, carrying out rapid cooling, improving the cooling rate of the TA22 titanium alloy when the TA22 titanium alloy passes through a phase change point to obtain a fine alpha sheet layer, wherein the alpha sheet layer is used as a core of recrystallization nucleation below the phase change point, improving the recrystallization capacity of the TA22 titanium alloy, and directly influencing the size and the shape of the final equiaxial alpha p by combining the fact that the width of the alpha sheet layer is generally the grain diameter of the initial equiaxial alpha phase, the smaller the width of the alpha sheet layer is, the smaller the size of the finally obtained equiaxial alpha p is, and the primary blank is subjected to T phase change at the phase change point β Then, multi-fire forging is carried out to obtain an intermediate blank, nearly beta forging is adopted, the content of an alpha phase in a hot working process, namely multi-fire forging is effectively reduced, uniform and fine spherical alpha phases are obtained, the alpha phases are distributed in an island shape, the problem that isometric alpha p is difficult to spheroidize and recrystallize in a conventional forging process is solved, the size and the form of alpha p crystal grains in the TA22 titanium alloy are improved, and the TA22 titanium alloy forging with good plasticity and impact absorption power is obtained.
The preparation method of the high-ductility and toughness TA22 titanium alloy forging is characterized in that in the step one, the temperature of multi-fire upsetting is 1000-1150 ℃, and the fire number is 3-4.
The preparation method of the high-ductility and toughness TA22 titanium alloy forging piece is characterized in that the temperature of the multi-fire forging in the second step is (T) β -15℃)～(T β -25 ℃), and the adjacent fire times in the multi-fire forging process alternately adopt the axial large deformation with the unidirectional deformation of 60-85% and the radial upsetting process with the deformation of 37-41%. By adopting the multi-fire forging-changing process, the recrystallization effect of the alpha sheet layer is improved, and the plasticity and the shock resistance of the TA22 titanium alloy forging are further enhanced.
The preparation method of the high-ductility and toughness TA22 titanium alloy forging piece is characterized in that the temperature of the forming forging in the third step is (T) β -15℃)～(T β -45℃)。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention carries out phase transformation point T on TA22 titanium alloy ingots in sequence β Upper multi-fire upset and phase transition point T β And then, multiple fire times are used for forging change, the content of alpha p in the TA22 titanium alloy is effectively controlled through the design of a deformation process, the size and the shape of alpha p crystal grains are improved, the TA22 titanium alloy forged piece with good plasticity and impact absorption power is obtained, and the problem that the equiaxial alpha p is difficult to spheroidize and recrystallize in the conventional forging process is solved.
2. The preparation method is simple in preparation process and easy to realize, and has an obvious effect of improving the plasticity and toughness of the TA22 titanium alloy forging.
3. After being subjected to heat treatment, the TA22 titanium alloy forging prepared by the invention has the mechanical property meeting the requirement of GJB943A-2018 titanium alloy forging specification for ships on the TA22 titanium alloy forging.
4. Compared with the conventional upsetting-drawing process, the forging process has the advantages that the adjacent fire times are alternately subjected to the axial large deformation and radial upsetting process in the multi-fire forging process, the extra forging fire times are not required, and the economic effect is good.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a high magnification organization chart of the end face of a TA22 titanium alloy forging prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a high magnification organization chart of the end face of the TA22 titanium alloy forging prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a high magnification organization chart of the end face of the TA22 titanium alloy forging prepared in the embodiment 3 of the invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, respectively upsetting and drawing the TA22 titanium alloy ingot for 4 times at 1150 ℃, 1050 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 1000 ℃, and controlling the thickness, the width and the length ratio of the forged piece to be 1:2:1.5, obtaining a primary blank through water cooling;
step two, the primary blank obtained in the step one is processed at T β Carrying out 4-time forging changing at the temperature of-15 ℃, and adopting axial large deformation with unidirectional deformation of 60% and radial upsetting process with deformation of 37% in adjacent fire times in the multi-time forging changing process to obtain an intermediate blank;
step three, the intermediate blank obtained in the step two is placed in T β And (3) performing 1-time fire forming forging at the temperature of-15 ℃, and performing heat treatment to obtain a TA22 titanium alloy forging piece with the diameter of phi 590mm multiplied by 410mm (the diameter multiplied by the length).
The high-power structure of the end face of the TA22 titanium alloy forging prepared in this example after heat treatment was observed, and as shown in fig. 1, as can be seen from fig. 1, the α p crystal grains in the TA22 titanium alloy forging were sufficiently crushed and had a uniform and fine structure.
Example 2
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, respectively upsetting and drawing the TA22 titanium alloy ingot for 4 times at 1150 ℃, 1050 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 1000 ℃, and controlling the ratio of the thickness, the width and the length of the forging to be 1.9 by upsetting and drawing at the last step: 1.9:1, water cooling to obtain a primary blank;
step two, the primary blank obtained in the step one is processed at T β Carrying out 3-time forging changing at the temperature of minus 25 ℃, and alternately adopting axial large deformation with unidirectional deformation of 70% and radial upsetting with deformation of 40% in adjacent fire times in the multi-time forging changing process to obtain an intermediate blank;
step three, the intermediate blank obtained in the step two is placed in T β And (3) carrying out 2-time fire forming forging at the temperature of minus 25 ℃, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the TA22 titanium alloy forging piece with the diameter of 235mm multiplied by 360mm (the diameter multiplied by the length).
As shown in fig. 2, it can be seen from fig. 2 that the α p crystal grains in the TA22 titanium alloy forging prepared in this example are sufficiently crushed and have a uniform and fine structure, when the microstructure of the end face of the TA22 titanium alloy forging is observed after the heat treatment.
Example 3
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out upsetting and drawing on the TA22 titanium alloy ingot at 1150 ℃, 1050 ℃ and 1000 ℃ for 3 times respectively, and controlling the ratio of the thickness, the width and the length of the forged piece to be 1.9 by upsetting and drawing at the last time: 1.9:1, water cooling to obtain a primary blank;
step two, the primary blank obtained in the step one is processed at T β Carrying out 3 times of heating forging changing at the temperature of minus 25 ℃, and alternately adopting axial large deformation with unidirectional deformation of 85% and radial upsetting with deformation of 41% for adjacent heating times in the multi-heating forging changing process to obtain an intermediate blank;
step three, the intermediate blank obtained in the step two is placed in T β And (3) performing 1-time forming forging at the temperature of minus 45 ℃, and performing heat treatment to obtain a TA22 titanium alloy forging with phi 398mm multiplied by 220mm (diameter multiplied by length).
The high-power structure of the end face of the TA22 titanium alloy forging prepared in this example after heat treatment was observed, and as shown in fig. 3, as can be seen from fig. 3, the α p crystal grains in the TA22 titanium alloy forging were sufficiently crushed and had a uniform and fine structure.
The mechanical properties of the TA22 titanium alloy forgings prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
In Table 1, different data in the same performance index represent the results of 2 to 3 sets of samples examined.
As can be seen from Table 1, the strength of the TA22 titanium forgings prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention comprises tensile strength Rm and yield strength Rp after heat treatment 0.2 And the elongation percentage A after fracture and the impact absorption power KV2 are GJB943A-2018 in the Specification of titanium alloy forgings for ships for TA22 titanium alloy forgings, and the requirements of the TA22 titanium forgings for ships are met.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of a high-ductility and toughness TA22 titanium alloy forging is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, placing the TA22 titanium alloy ingot at a phase transformation point T β Carrying out multi-fire upsetting and drawing to obtain a primary blank; the last hot upsetting-drawing control forging in the multi-hot upsetting-drawing process is in a flat square shape, and water cooling is performed after the multi-hot upsetting-drawing process, so that the ratio of the thickness, the width and the length of the obtained primary blank is 1:2:1.5 or 1.9:1.9:1; the temperature of the multi-fire upsetting is 1000-1150 ℃, and the fire frequency is 3-4;
step two, the primary blank obtained in the step one is placed at a phase transformation point T β Then, carrying out multiple fire times of forging change to obtain an intermediate blank; the temperature of the multi-fire forging is (T) β -15℃）~（T β The axial large deformation with the unidirectional deformation amount of 60-85% and the radial upsetting process with the deformation amount of 37-41% are alternately adopted by adjacent fire times in the multi-fire forging process at-25 ℃;
step three, enabling the intermediate blank obtained in the step two to be at a phase change point T β Then, forming and forging are performed to obtainTo TA22 titanium alloy forgings; after the TA22 titanium alloy forging is subjected to heat treatment, the mechanical properties of the TA22 titanium alloy forging meet the requirements of GJB943A-2018 titanium alloy forging specification for ships on plasticity and impact absorption power.
2. The method for preparing the high-ductility and toughness TA22 titanium alloy forging piece according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the forming forging in the third step is (T) β -15℃）~（T β -45℃）。
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06212378A (en) * | 1993-01-11 | 1994-08-02 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Treatment of beta type titanium alloy hot formed product |
| CN103510030A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2014-01-15 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method of TC21 titanium alloy large-specification bar |
| CN103586380A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-19 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Cast ingot cogging forging technology for improving structure uniformity of forging stocks of titanium alloy |
| CN104438321A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-03-25 | 西部钛业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing TA22 titanium alloy plate for ocean engineering |
| CN111906225A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-10 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Forging method of oversized Ti80 titanium alloy forging stock |
| CN111922265A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-13 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Forging method of oversized Ti75 titanium alloy cake blank |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9777361B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2017-10-03 | Ati Properties Llc | Thermomechanical processing of alpha-beta titanium alloys |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06212378A (en) * | 1993-01-11 | 1994-08-02 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Treatment of beta type titanium alloy hot formed product |
| CN103510030A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2014-01-15 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method of TC21 titanium alloy large-specification bar |
| CN103586380A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-19 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Cast ingot cogging forging technology for improving structure uniformity of forging stocks of titanium alloy |
| CN104438321A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-03-25 | 西部钛业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing TA22 titanium alloy plate for ocean engineering |
| CN111906225A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-10 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Forging method of oversized Ti80 titanium alloy forging stock |
| CN111922265A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-13 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Forging method of oversized Ti75 titanium alloy cake blank |
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