CN1144333C - Switch device - Google Patents

Switch device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1144333C
CN1144333C CNB981155987A CN98115598A CN1144333C CN 1144333 C CN1144333 C CN 1144333C CN B981155987 A CNB981155987 A CN B981155987A CN 98115598 A CN98115598 A CN 98115598A CN 1144333 C CN1144333 C CN 1144333C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
contact
switching device
movable contact
fixed contact
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB981155987A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN1220511A (en
Inventor
长谷川裕
正
片山明
之
丸山稔正
信
笹尾博之
浜野末信
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of CN1220511A publication Critical patent/CN1220511A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1144333C publication Critical patent/CN1144333C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
    • H02B13/02—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with metal casing
    • H02B13/035—Gas-insulated switchgear
    • H02B13/0352—Gas-insulated switchgear for three phase switchgear
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
    • H02B13/02—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with metal casing
    • H02B13/035—Gas-insulated switchgear
    • H02B13/065—Means for detecting or reacting to mechanical or electrical defects

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

A switch device includes a first fixing contact, a movable contact moving along the direction through the first fixing contact, a second fixing contact provided on the reverse dividing direction of the movable contact towards the first fixing contact, and capable of contacting the movable contact, the switch device further includes a pressure storing room for storing insulation medium applied pressure by the arc generating when the movable contact and the first fixing contact are divided.

Description

Switching device
Dividing an application of the application's 94104310.X Chinese patent application that is entitled as " switching device " that to be same applicant submit on March 12nd, 1994.
The present invention relates to a kind of switching device that is directly connected on the step-down transformer as a localized network receiving equipment; particularly a kind of load of suitable protection transformer exempts from the switch of the infringement of short circuit or similar fault, and these faults may occur in step-down transformer and between the network protection circuit breaker on this former limit of transformer.
Fig. 1 is a single line tie lines figure of this type of existing switching device.This switching device is by a metallic seal formula and adopt the switchgear of air insulation system to constitute.This device receives the electric power that transformer station feeds by Utilities Electric Co. through the end of cable 100, and is connected to transformer 300 by a drawing engagement type circuit breaker 200.
For the switching device of this prior art, when cable 100 is carried out withstand voltage test, need move circuit breaker 200 under the prerequisite of the open position in the metallic seal formula switchgear, the termination of cable 100 is applied test voltage.In addition, under situation with the metallic seal switch ground connection of load-side (being transformer 300 sides) or mains side (being cable 100 1 sides), this ground connection operation is after circuit breaker 200 is pulled out from this metallic seal formula switchgear, and special-purpose drawing formula earthed switch (not shown) insertion metallic seal formula switchgear is realized.
Shown in Figure 2 is a kind of profile of prior art switching device.In Fig. 2, label 1 is represented the container of a sealing; Label 2 representatives are arranged in the power supply side terminal of closed container 1 one sides; Label 3 is located at the load side terminal of closed container 1 opposite side; Label 4 representatives are located at the mains side earth terminal of closed container 1 bottom; And label 50 expressions are arranged in the load-side testing terminal on closed container 1 top.Contact 61 is connected on the terminal 2 of mains side; Another contact 103 is connected to the terminal 3 of load-side; Another is connected to mains side earth terminal 4 by contact 91; Also have a contact 101 to be connected to load-side testing terminal 50.
Movable electrode that energy moves along its axis direction of label 60 expressions; And the length of this movable electrode 60 can touch two the adjacent contacts in the middle of contact 61,103,91 and 101, and this arrangement of electrodes and can move it along the axis direction of container in closed container 1.
Therefore, switching device shown in Figure 2 can come Switching power side contact 61 and load-side contact 103 by the mode that moves back and forth movable electrode 60 between contact 61 and 103.In addition, this switching device drives load-side test contact 101, load-side contact 103, mains side grounding contact 91 and mains side contact 61 by between contact 101 and 103 or move back and forth the mode of movable electrode 60 between contact 91 and 61.
Fig. 3 (a) is the side sectional elevation with traditional load switch device of an earth terminal to Fig. 3 (d).
To Fig. 3 (d), label 13 is represented first fixed contact at Fig. 3 (a); Label 14 is represented a removable contact; Label 15 representatives are connected to second fixed contact on the terminal; Label 16 is represented the 3rd contact, and therefrom removable contact 14 penetrates by it, forms contact or separates; And symbol " A " representative appears at the electric arc between fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 14.
Its mode of operation is then described.In Fig. 3 (a), electric current flows to first fixed contact 13 by moving contact 14 from the 3rd fixed contact 16.Fig. 3 (b) shows the open-circuit operation process, and moving contact 14 is moved to the top shown in Fig. 3 (b) from position shown in Fig. 3 (a) around here.The electric arc " A " that produces and elongate by the operation of moving contact 14 at the current zero-crossing point place owing to the cooling effect of surrounding air is cut off.After opening circuit, switching device has become the off-state shown in Fig. 3 (c), forms between mains side and load-side and isolates.Fig. 3 (d) shows the state after moving contact 14 has moved down from state shown in Fig. 3 (a), and by moving contact 14 second fixed contact 15 of first fixed contact 13 that is connected to load-side with the earth terminal side is linked together, thereby makes load-side ground connection.
This switching device can be realized the switching between following three kinds of states; The connection status of load-side and mains side, the connection status of load-side and ground connection side, and make all unconnected open mode between any contact.
Because the switching device of prior art has said structure, need the switchgear of a metallic seal formula as shown in Figure 1 by air insulated, make stretching distance (distance between link position and the open position) lengthening of circuit breaker.Therefore, the problem that the switching device of prior art exists is that the size of metallic seal formula switchgear is inevitable very big, and is difficult to realize that replacing has the work of the circuit breaker of earthed switch under the state of the mains side of this device or load-side ground connection.
In addition, because switching device shown in Figure 2 is one four position switch, another problem of this device is its operating mechanism complexity, and therefore make operation become difficult, and need great amount of manpower that device is adjusted, can both reliablely and stablely contact with 101 with each contact 61,103,91 to guarantee travelling electrode 60.
In addition, because the switching device shown in Fig. 3 (a)～Fig. 3 (d) is not established arc control device between first fixed contact 13 and movable contact 14, this device is had to only to rely on the arc extinguishing power of surrounding air and is cut off electric current.Therefore, along with breaking current increases, also can increase from the arc current that closure state takes place when off-state is changed at this device, another problem of bringing to this device is to only depend on the arc extinguishing ability of surrounding air can not make arc extinction thus.
At the problems referred to above, an object of the present invention is to provide the switching device of a kind of overall dimension miniaturization and easy operating.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device with the modular construction that opens circuit of simplification.
Another object of the present invention provides the switching device of a kind of extinguish arcs voluntarily and fast shut-off fault current.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device, open circuit part and isolated part needn't be set respectively, thereby its structure is further simplified.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device, it can when current failure takes place extinguish arcs, and disengagement failure electric current rapidly.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device that its structure is further simplified, and makes its overall dimensions miniaturization and be convenient to operation.A further object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device that can possess the function of load-side testing terminal.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device that can realize the operating mechanism of three position operation, and wherein the arc control device that adopted automatically insert under open mode.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device, and it is easy to finish the operation of load-side ground connection.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device, and it can prevent because the surge accident that staff's carelessness causes.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device, therein needn't be to its drive unit applying mechanism load, and have good current shut-off performance.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device, can improve its arc extinction performance by the blow-out function that increases a kind of automatic arc extinguishing type.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device, and it can extinguish the electric arc that is occurred after the beginning breaking operation between each terminal.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device, and it can control the position of electric arc when adopting High-Voltage Insulation medium arc blow-out to discharge, and has good opening performance.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of have the simultaneously good opening performance and the switching device of withstand voltage properties.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of switching device, wherein needn't apply Aided Machine load to its drive unit, and has good opening performance.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, the switching device that provides comprises a closed container that dielectric is housed for achieving the above object; One power supply side terminal, a load side terminal, a mains side earth terminal and a load-side earth terminal, they are fixed in the wall portion of closed container with the state that penetrates and seal respectively; And directly be connected open circuit parts and isolated part between power supply side terminal and the load side terminal by the main circuit in the closed container, main circuit be in this two between; This switching device is on the mains side earth terminal of following mains side position of the state that can interrupt is received isolated part position in the closed container; This switching device also is connected to isolated part position in the closed container to the load-side earth terminal of load-side position under the state that can interrupt.
According to the switching device that second aspect present invention provided, its parts that open circuit are made of a vacuum switch, and it can make two electrode separation on the main circuit when load-side generation current failure.
According to the switching device that third aspect present invention provided, its parts that open circuit are made of an arc-control device, when load-side generation current failure, the electric arc that utilization is produced when electrode separation forms the liquid dielectric arc extinguishing of high pressure, this arc-control device blows to electric arc with this High-Voltage Insulation medium, thereby it is extinguished.
According to the switching device that a fourth aspect of the present invention provided, its parts that open circuit are made of a semiconductor circuit breaker, and it comprises a controlled semiconductor device that becomes non-conductive state when load-side generation current failure.
According to the switching device that a fifth aspect of the present invention provided, its isolated part is made of a three position switch that switches between three positions, these three positions are: the closing device that connects power supply side terminal and load side terminal, the mains side earthing position that connects power supply side terminal and mains side earth terminal, and a link position.
According to the switching device that sixth aspect present invention provided, its isolated part is made of a three position switch that switches between three positions, these three positions are: the make position that connects power supply side terminal and load side terminal, connect the load-side earthing position of load side terminal and load-side earth terminal, and the open position that is connected between cut off the electricity supply side terminal and the load-side earth terminal.
According to the switching device that seventh aspect present invention provided, its three position switch rotates the guillotine type switch by one and constitutes, and its plug-in strip can rotate and transform to above-mentioned three positions.
According to the switching device that eighth aspect present invention provided, its three position is made of a linear operating formula switch, and it comprises with rectilinear motion realizes the traveling electrode that switch above-mentioned three positions.
According to the switching device that ninth aspect present invention provided, comprise the closed container of a housing insulation medium; A power supply side terminal, a load side terminal, mains side earth terminal, and a load-side earth terminal, they are fixed in the wall portion of closed container with the state that penetrates and seal respectively; Be arranged in interior power supply side terminal of closed container and open circuit parts and the isolated part between the load side terminal; And the traveling electrode of the electric current that is used to feed, this electrode can move along its axis; On the axis direction of traveling electrode, be furnished with a mains side contact that is connected to power supply side terminal respectively in this switching device, be connected to a mains side grounding contact of power ground side terminal, and a load-side contact that is connected to load side terminal; Traveling electrode is designed to switch between following three positions, that is: the mains side contact is connected with the load-side contact, the position that mains side contact and power ground side contact disconnect, the mains side contact is connected with power ground side contact, and the position that mains side contact and load-side contact disconnect, and the position that cuts off above-mentioned each contact; This switching device further is connected to the component locations that opens circuit to the load-side earth terminal that is positioned at the load-side position under the state that can interrupt.
According to the switching device that a tenth aspect of the present invention provided, comprise the closed container of a housing insulation medium; Be fixed on a power supply side terminal in this closed container wall portion, a load side terminal, mains side earth terminal and a load-side earth terminal to penetrate respectively with sealing state; Dual-purpose isolated part parts that open circuit, it is arranged between the power supply side terminal and load side terminal in the closed container; And energy is used to feed the traveling electrode of electric current along himself axial-movement, axis direction along traveling electrode in this switching device is furnished with the mains side contact that is connected to power supply side terminal respectively, be connected to the power ground side contact of mains side earth terminal, the load-side that is connected to load side terminal is touched, and these parts that open circuit; Traveling electrode is assembled into and can switches between following three positions, be: the position that mains side contact and power ground side contact are disconnected, the mains side contact is connected with power ground side contact, and the position that mains side contact and load-side contact are disconnected, and the position that disconnects above-mentioned each contact; This switching device further is connected to the position component that opens circuit to the locational load-side earth terminal of load-side under the state that can interrupt.
According to the switching device that the present invention the tenth is provided on the one hand, its parts that open circuit have the jet-propelled arc control device of heat, and traveling electrode can push these arc control device or separate with it.
Switching device according to the present invention the 12 aspect is provided is provided with two switches in its closed container; One of two switches are that the parts that open circuit are housed, the three position switch of isolated part and load-side grounding contact; Another switch then is a load-side earthed switch.
Switching device according to the present invention the 13 aspect is provided is equipped with one and is equipped with the parts that open circuit in its closed container, isolated part, four position switchs of load-side grounding contact and mains side grounding contact.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 14 aspect is provided, its load-side earth terminal can be replaced with a load-side testing terminal.
The switching device that is provided according to the present invention the 15 aspect is in its closed container, at the contact that is connected to power supply side terminal or be connected on the contact of load side terminal and be provided with the arc control device that are used to open circuit.
Switching device according to the present invention the 16 aspect is provided is connecting a switch on its load-side testing terminal, this switch and the contact that is connected to testing terminal form electrically contact or with its disengaging.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 17 aspect is provided, its closed container is equipped with the protective cover that covers load-side earth terminal or load-side testing terminal.
As mentioned above, in the switching device aspect the present invention the first to the 17, the disconnected middle parts and first switch are connected to series circuit between load side terminal and power supply terminal, and provide electric current to two-terminal.During aliving,, just can cut off circuit reliably at the parts place that opens circuit if break down between component locations to opening circuit in the load-side position.In addition, this switching device can make each earth terminal of mains side and load-side contact by switch and separate, and this switch can be as required at random with load-side and mains side ground connection.
The switching device that is provided according to the present invention's the tenth eight aspect, comprise first fixed contact, a mobile contact that can on the direction that embeds first fixed contact, move, and second fixed contact that can touch mobile contact, it is arranged in from moving contact on the reverse detaching direction of first fixed contact; This switching device itself constitutes a pressure apotheca, is used to store a kind of dielectric of the electric arc institute supercharging that is produced when mobile contact separates with first fixed contact.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 19 aspect is provided, its pressure apotheca is closed in the mobile contact and the first fixed contact closure, and first contact wherein is provided with a release aperture that is used for carrying out with mobile contact lock out operation.
According to the switching device of the present invention the 20 aspect, its pressure apotheca is located at the position away from first fixed contact.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 20 is provided on the one hand, its mobile contact can be pulled to the outside of pressure apotheca by lock out operation.
The switching device that is provided according to the present invention the 22 aspect, its pressure apotheca has a permanent magnet, it is positioned on the excircle of first fixed contact or mobile contact the two or one of them, or being located at mobile contact finishes the top region of its lock out operation and the gap location between first contact, or being positioned at the inside of two contacts one or both of, this switching device can utilize the magnetic force of permanent magnet to extinguish at two contacts to separate the electric arcs that the back is produced.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 23 aspect is provided, its pressure apotheca has an insulation nozzle near first fixed contact.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 24 aspect is provided, its mobile contact has a through hole that is used for arc extinguishing, and its outside is led to from the inside of pressure apotheca in this hole.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 25 aspect is provided, its pressure apotheca has a magnet near permanent magnet, and the structure of this switching device can increase the magnetic component perpendicular to the mobile contact direction of motion.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 26 aspect is provided, the part of its first fixed contact or moving contact is made of magnetisable material, thereby can increase the magnetic component perpendicular to the moving contact direction of motion.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 27 aspect is provided, comprise arc control device that are filled with arc-extinguishing medium; Be positioned at first fixed contact of arc control device, the mobile contact that can on the direction that embeds first fixed contact, move; Be located at from mobile contact on the reverse detaching direction of first contact, and can touch second fixed contact of mobile contact, and a permanent magnet, be used to extinguish the electric arc that when mobile contact separates with first fixed contact, is produced.
According to the switching device that the present invention's the 20 eight aspect is provided, permanent magnet is axial or diametrical magnetization altogether, so that order about the electric arc rotation.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 29 aspect is provided, have the 3rd fixed contact that is electrically connected with mobile contact, the 3rd fixed contact is positioned at a side of first fixed contact, and this side is with respect to the tip position when mobile contact is finished lock out operation.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 30 aspect is provided, its first or the 3rd fixed contact both sides or one of them also have a sphere that electric arc is moved radially and move the arc plate,
Switching device according to the present invention the 30 provides on the one hand comprises the permanent magnet on the electric arc plane of motion opposite side that is contained in and moves on the arc plate.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 32 aspect provides, its permanent magnet is annular, and be disposed in mobile contact when finishing its disengaging movement the top and the about centre position between first fixed electrode, the surface of permanent magnet is covered by an insulator.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 33 aspect is provided, comprise one be located at the permanent magnet both sides move the arc plate, this moves the arc plate can make electric arc move radially, this moves the arc plate is dish type or sphere shape, and with other contacts insulation.
The switching device that is provided according to the present invention the 34 aspect nearby is provided with a magnetisable material at its permanent magnet, and the switching device of Gou Chenging can increase on average or perpendicular to the magnetic component on the direction of the mobile contact direction of motion thus.
According to the switching device that the present invention the 35 aspect provides, the part of first fixed contact or mobile contact is made of magnetisable material, and the switching device of Gou Chenging can increase parallel or perpendicular to the magnetic component on the direction of mobile contact moving direction thus.
As mentioned above, according to the switching device of the present invention the 18 to 35 aspect, the pressure apotheca arranges that near first fixed contact therefore, after mobile contact began disengaging movement, the release aperture of first fixed contact discharged when producing electric arc.Be released by release aperture with regard to some arc energy like this, and other parts are deposited in the apotheca, the result who is produced has deposited gases at high pressure in apotheca thus.Exist the gases at high pressure in the apotheca to assist the arc extinguishing operation of automatic arc extinguishing formula to go extinguish arcs, the latter's arc extinguishing operation has just strengthened arc extinction performance thus by coming arc extinguishing to electric arc is jet.
And then owing in mobile contact or the first fixed contact inboard or pressure apotheca permanent magnet is housed, the radial magnetic field density that acts on the electric arc that is produced between the mobile contact and first fixed contact is increased.In addition, the electric arc that is produced behind open circuit drives owing to the interaction with magnetic field is subjected to rotation, and expands thereupon, therefore, even under the situation of little current interruption, this electric arc is the gas in the heated pressure apotheca effectively also, thereby increase gas pressure.Like this, near current zero-crossing point, the gas power of blowing from the pressure apotheca to electric arc is increased, thereby has improved opening performance.
When reading this paper in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will be fully recognized that above-mentioned and other purpose of the present invention and novel characteristics according to following detailed description.Yet should see significantly that accompanying drawing only is for the purpose of description, and can not be considered to be limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 represents a frame diagram of traditional switching device;
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of traditional air switching device;
Fig. 3 (a) is the load switch device that comprises the earth terminal sectional view when being in on-state;
Fig. 3 (b) is the sectional view that the device of Fig. 3 (a) is in the intermediateness that opens circuit;
Fig. 3 (c) is the sectional view that Fig. 3 (a) shown device is in the completion status that opens circuit;
Fig. 3 (d) is the sectional view of device under ground state of Fig. 3 (a);
Fig. 4 is the side cross section view that shows the switching device of the embodiment corresponding with the present invention first and second aspects;
Fig. 5 is the sidepiece face view of switching device of the embodiment 2 of corresponding third aspect present invention;
Fig. 6 is the side cross section view of the switching device of the embodiment 3 corresponding with fourth aspect present invention;
Fig. 7 is the side cross section view of the switching device of the embodiment 4 corresponding with the present invention the 5th and the 7th aspect;
Fig. 8 is the side cross section view of the switching device of the embodiment 5 corresponding with fifth aspect present invention;
Fig. 9 is the operation charts of displayed map 8 shown devices when being in closure state;
Operation chart when the mains side of Figure 10 presentation graphs 8 shown devices is in ground state;
Figure 11 is the side cross section view of the switching device of the embodiment 6 corresponding with the present invention the 6th and the 7th aspect;
Figure 12 is the sectional side view of the switching device of the embodiment 7 corresponding with eighth aspect present invention;
Figure 13 is the operation chart of device shown in Figure 12 under the load-side ground state;
Figure 14 is the operation chart of device shown in Figure 12 under closure state;
Figure 15 is the side cross section view of the switching device of the embodiment 8 corresponding with ninth aspect present invention;
Figure 16 is the operation chart under the closure state of device shown in Figure 15;
Figure 17 is that the mains side of device shown in Figure 15 is in the operation chart under the ground state;
Figure 18 is and the present invention the tenth side cross section view of the switching device of corresponding embodiment 9 on the one hand;
Figure 19 is the operation chart of device shown in Figure 180 under closure state;
Figure 20 is the operation chart of device shown in Figure 180 under the mains side ground state;
Figure 21 is the side cross section view of the switching device of the embodiment 10 corresponding with the present invention's the tenth tripartite face;
Figure 22 is the operation chart of device shown in Figure 21 under the load-side ground state;
Figure 23 is the operation chart of device shown in Figure 22 under the load-side ground state;
Figure 24 is the operation chart of device shown in Figure 21 under the mains side ground state;
Figure 25 is a side cross section view according to the switching device of embodiment 11, and this there is shown an example of state shown in Figure 23;
Figure 26 is the side cross section view of the switching device of the embodiment 12 corresponding with the present invention the 14 and the 15 aspect;
Figure 27 is the operation chart of device shown in Figure 26 under closure state;
Figure 28 is the operation chart of device shown in Figure 26 under the mains side ground state;
Figure 29 is the side cross section view of the switching device of the embodiment 13 corresponding with the present invention the 15 and the 16 aspect;
Figure 30 is the side cross section view of the embodiment 14 corresponding with the present invention's the tenth eight aspect;
Figure 31 is the side cross section view of the switching device of the embodiment 15 corresponding with the present invention the 19 aspect;
Figure 32 is the sectional side view of switching device of the embodiment 16 of corresponding the present invention the 20 aspect; And Figure 33 is and the present invention the 20 sectional side view of the switching device of corresponding embodiment 17 on the one hand;
Figure 34 is the sectional side view of the switching device of the embodiment 18 corresponding with the present invention's the 20 tripartite face;
Figure 35 is the sectional side view of the switching device of the embodiment 19 corresponding with the present invention's the 20 tripartite face;
Figure 36 is the sectional side view of switching device of the embodiment 20 of corresponding the present invention the 24 aspect;
Figure 37 is the side cross section view of switching device of the embodiment 21 of corresponding the present invention the 26 aspect;
Figure 38 is the side cross section view of switching device of the embodiment 22 of corresponding the present invention the 25 and the 26 aspect;
Figure 39 represents the side cross section view according to the switching device of embodiment 23, and this example is the shape that changes of device shown in Figure 38;
Figure 40 is the side cross section view of switching device of the embodiment 24 of corresponding the present invention the 26 aspect;
Figure 41 is the side cross section view of the switching device of the embodiment 25 corresponding with the present invention the 27 aspect;
Figure 42 is the sidepiece face view of the switching device of the embodiment 26 corresponding with the present invention the 27 aspect;
Figure 43 is the side cross section view of the switching device of the embodiment 27 corresponding with the present invention's the 20 eight aspect;
Figure 44 is the side cross section view of the switching device of the embodiment 28 corresponding with the present invention the 29 and 32 aspects;
Figure 45 is the side cross section view with the switching device of the present invention the 30,33 and the corresponding embodiment 29 in 34 aspects;
Figure 46 is the side cross section view with the switching device of the present invention the 31,33 and the corresponding embodiment 30 in 34 aspects;
Figure 47 is the side cross section view with the switching device of the present invention the 31,33 and the corresponding embodiment 31 in 34 aspects;
Figure 48 is the side cross section view with the switching device of the present invention the 33 and the corresponding embodiment 32 in the 34 aspect; And
Figure 49 is the side cross section view with the switching device of the corresponding embodiment 33 in the present invention the 35 aspect.
Describe the embodiment that the present invention recommends in detail hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 4 is a side sectional elevation, and expression is typically according to the switching device of the embodiment 1 of the present invention first and second aspects.
In Fig. 4, label 1A represents a closed container, is filled with a kind of insulating gas as dielectric therein, for example SF6 (sulphur hexafluoride).
Label 2A is provided in a side of the power supply side terminal of closed container 1A one side; Label 3A is provided in a side of the load side terminal of closed container 1A opposite side; Label 4A represents the mains side earth terminal; Label 5A is provided in a side of the load-side earth terminal on closed container 1A top; And these terminals 2A, 3A, 4A and 5A all are contained in the wall portion of closed container 1A with the state that penetrates and seal.
In addition, each terminal 2A, 3A, 4A and 5A are a sleeve pipe, and conductor 2a, 3a, 4a and 5a therefrom pass, and for example pass center separately, and have the epoxy resin of curing around conductor 2a, 3a, 4a and 5a.In addition, each terminal 2A to 5A represents with a terminal in Fig. 4, and each terminal 2A to 5A is made of three terminals under the occasion of a three-phase current device but be used as at switching device of the present invention.
Label 4C be one the earth bus of mains side earth terminal 4A ground connection.Earth bus 4C can remove, then an interim power supply (not shown) or experiment power supply (not shown) is connected on the position of earth bus 4C, so that can carry out the heat run of transformer, and megger test and coil impedance test.
Label 5C be one the earth bus of load-side earth terminal 5A ground connection.If remove earth bus 5C and connect a DC pressure-resistant apparatus, this load-side earth terminal 5A also can be used as testing terminal.
Label 6A represents an isolated part (diverter switch), and it is arranged in power supply side terminal one side of closed container 1A; Label 7A represents the parts that open circuit (tie breaker), and it is between isolated part 6A and load side terminal 3A, and the isolated part 6A and the parts 7A that opens circuit are directly connected between power supply side terminal 2A and the load side terminal 3A by main circuit 8A.
Like this, this isolated part 6A comprises a contact 61 and a plug-in strip 63 that is connected with this switch contacts that is connected to power supply side terminal 2A end from closed container 1A inboard, and plug-in strip 63 is rotatably connected on the end of the power supply side terminal 2A of main circuit 8A by axle 62.
In addition, the parts 7A that opens circuit is made of a vacuum switch, and it comprises a vacuum tank 71 as its switch enclosure.Label 72 representatives are arranged in a fixed electrode of vacuum tank 71; On behalf of an energy and fixed electrode 72, label 73 contact and the traveling electrode of separating; Label 74 is shieldings; Label 75 representatives can make traveling electrode 73 move and make the vacuum tank 71 and the outside keep bubble-tight bellows; The electrode bar that label 76 representatives and traveling electrode 73 link into an integrated entity; The sliding contact of connection electrode rod 76 of label 77 expressions and main circuit 8A; These parts constitute resolves circuit unit 7A.
Label 9A represents the mains side earthed switch, and this switch 9A comprises that contact 91 installing to mains side earth terminal 4A end from closed container 1A inside and one are pivotally attached on the contact 91, and the plug-in strip 92 of contact 61 that can Switching Power Supply side terminal 2A.
Label 10A represents the load-side earthed switch, it comprises a contact 101 that is installed in load-side earth terminal 5A end from closed container 1A inside, be pivotally attached to a plug-in strip 102 on the contact 101, and one be located among the main circuit 8A with contact 101 corresponding positions on, and by the fixed contact 103 of plug-in strip 102 switches.In having the switching device of said structure, the plug-in strip 102 of the plug-in strip 92 of mains side earthed switch 9A and load-side earthed switch 10A is linked together by the operating mechanism (not shown) of system separately, these mechanisms are located at the closed container 1A outside, are connected to these mechanisms by the connecting rod (not shown).And this switching device is that the plug-in strip 102 at the plug-in strip 63 of isolated part 6A and load-side earthed switch 10A all is under the condition of normally open and operates.
In addition, only when isolated part 6A or the parts 7A that opens circuit were in open mode, plug-in strip 92 and 102 just can make the plug-in strip 63 of isolated part 6A and the plug-in strip 102 of load-side earthed switch 10A rotate to closing direction (direction shown in the arrow).And plug-in strip 92 and 102 is connected on the contact 61,103 of wanting closed.
The operating mechanism (not shown) of electrode bar 76 by a connecting rod (not shown) and the closed container 1A outside of parts 7A of opening circuit interrelates.Therefore, only when isolated part 6A was in closure state, the parts 7A that opens circuit could be closed by means of the upwards rectilinear motion of traveling electrode 73.
The operation of this device then will be described, if not near the parts 7A place that opens circuit, but on the position of more close load-side current failure takes place, a short circuit current for example appears, just operate the system operation mechanism of the parts 7A that opens circuit, traveling electrode 73 is separated with fixed electrode 72 by a relay (not shown).So just can cut off fault current reliably at the parts 7A place that opens circuit.In addition, only when the parts 7A that opens circuit is in open mode, isolated part 6A could be at plug-in strip 63 to closed under the effect of rotating below Fig. 4 and be connected on the contact 61.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 5 is a side sectional elevation, typically shows the switching device of the embodiment 2 of corresponding third aspect present invention.Wherein with embodiment illustrated in fig. 4 in element identical or equivalence represent with identical number designation, represent each embodiment with capitalization as suffix resembling among the embodiment 1, and will omit description these elements.
Present embodiment 2 is the embodiment that the parts 7A that opens circuit that is made of vacuum switch among the embodiment 1 changed into a jet-propelled spark blowout.
That is to say that the arc control device of the parts 7B that opens circuit of embodiment 2 are gas pressure store energy chambers 710.This air pressure store energy chamber 710 is included in the chamber 710 inboard fixed electrodes 72 that link into an integrated entity with main circuit 8B, be positioned at the tubular jet element 711 of the position relative with fixed electrode 72, and on opening features 711 outer surfaces, be the permanent magnet of installing around state 712, be used to control electric arc.
In addition, embodiment 2 constitutes in the following manner, promptly the traveling electrode 73 of the parts 7B that opens circuit is made the clavate electrode, and makes electrode 73 in opening features 711 inner slide, thus make its with fixed electrode 72 contact and the direction of separating on do rectilinear motion.In addition, walking circuit 73 is connected to main circuit by sliding contact 77.
The traveling electrode 73 that has among the parts 7B that opens circuit of said structure is connected with the operating mechanism (not shown) that is located at the closed container 1B outside by connecting rod (not shown).
Next the operation of embodiment 2 is described.
The parts 7B that opens circuit is under the condition of closure state closedly at isolated part 6B, and the closure state of the parts 7B that opens circuit is to move upward in jet element 711 inboards and the mode that contacts fixed electrode 72 realizes by traveling electrode 73.Like this, similar with embodiment 1 situation, if when the current failure of short circuit current and so on for example takes place load-side, just drive operating mechanism, and traveling electrode 73 is moved downward by a relay (not shown), see Fig. 5.Like this, because traveling electrode 73 is separated with fixed electrode 72, just between traveling electrode 73 and fixed electrode 72, produce electric arc.These electric arcs increase the air pressure of 710 inboards, gas pressure store energy chamber, when traveling electrode 73 withdraws from from jet element 711 till.Then, after traveling electrode 73 withdraws from jet element 711, will blow electric arc, and utilize the magnetic field that forms by permanent magnet 712 electric arc to be expanded and rising from the gases at high pressure of gas pressure store energy chamber 710, thus the disengagement failure electric current.
In addition, in the foregoing description 2, the interpolar of parts 7B of opening circuit is insulated by insulating gas every (being the interval between fixed electrode 72 and the traveling electrode 73), this shows, when the interpolar of the parts 7B that opens circuit in the time being widened to greater than the required width of isolation features, just can omit separating component 6B.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 6 is a side sectional elevation, typically shows the switching device with the corresponding embodiment 3 of fourth aspect present invention.In embodiment 3, the parts 7C that opens circuit is made of a semiconductor circuit breaker.
That is to say that semiconductor circuit breaker 7C constitutes like this, promptly according to voltage or current value a plurality of semiconductor device with one for example the semiconductor switch of GTO (door switch transistor) and so on be in series or be in parallel.Semiconductor device is connected to a control device (not shown) by the light path (not shown), and comprises an electric closed circuit device, and this device allows only just to make the parts that open circuit carry out closed procedure when isolated part 6C is in closure state.In case when the current failure of short circuit current and so on appearred in load-side, circuit breaker 7C made semiconductor device become non-conductor.This semiconductor circuit breaker 7C is connected on the main circuit 8C that is between load side terminal 3C and the isolated part 6C.
The operation of present embodiment is then described.
If in load-side for example current failure of short circuit current takes place, just make the control device of semiconductor circuit breaker 7C, and make the semiconductor device of semiconductor circuit breaker 7C become non-conductive state by this device by a unshowned relay, thus the disengagement failure electric current.
Embodiment 4
Fig. 7 is a side sectional elevation, typically shows the switching device according to the embodiment 4 of fifth aspect present invention.In embodiment 4, the Rotary grate cutter formula three position switch that is used for mains side earthed switch 9A, 9B, the 9C of embodiment 1～3 is used as separating component 6A, 6B, 6C among the embodiment 1～3 at this.
That is to say, three-position switch 6D comprises the contact 61 that is connected to power supply side terminal 20, the bottom can contact with plug-in strip 63 switches attached to the contact 62 of 63, one main circuit 8D of the plug-in strip side on the contact 61 rotationally, and a contact 91 of power ground terminal 4D one side.
Thus, plug-in strip 63 can switch by rotation and displacement between following three positions: a closing position, wherein power supply side terminal 2D is connected to main circuit 8D, and power supply side terminal 4D then disconnects with power supply side terminal 2D and main circuit 8D, an earthing position, wherein power supply side terminal 2D and main circuit 8D disconnect, and this terminal 2D is connected to mains side earth terminal 4D, and an open position, wherein power supply side terminal 2D and mains side earth terminal 4D the two all disconnect with main circuit 8D.
The plug-in strip 63 of three position switch 6D is connected to the operating mechanism of closed container 1D outside by connecting rod, and only when the parts 7D that opens circuit is in open mode, its operating mechanism could by and the operating mechanism of the parts 7D system that opens circuit between interlocking, plug-in strip 63 direction shown in the arrow in Fig. 7 is rotated.
Also have, the three position switch 6D among the embodiment 4 and the parts 7D that opens circuit are connected in series between power supply terminal 2D and the load side terminal 3D by main circuit 8D.
The operation of present embodiment is below described.
Under the open mode of switching device, the plug-in strip 63 of three position switch 6D is opened the position shown in the solid line in Fig. 7, if plug-in strip 63 is rotated counterclockwise by operating mechanism, plug-in strip 63 just is connected to the contact 62 of main circuit 8D side, make switching device transform to its closure state thus, at this moment, power supply side terminal 2D is connected to main circuit 8D.If plug-in strip 63 further rotates counterclockwise from closure state, plug-in strip 63 just separates with the contact 62 of main circuit 8D side, and receives the contact 91 of power supply ground terminal 4D side.Power supply side terminal 2D and main circuit 8D (parts 7D one side opens circuit) are disconnected, and make switching device transform to the mains side ground state, this moment, power supply side terminal 2D was connected to mains side earth terminal 4D.
Embodiment 5
Fig. 8 is a side sectional elevation, typically shows the switching device with the corresponding embodiment 5 of eighth aspect present invention; And the side sectional elevation that Fig. 9 is a switching device shown in Figure 8 when being in open mode; And Figure 10 is the side sectional elevation of switching device shown in Figure 8 when the mains side ground state.In embodiment 5, the rectilinearly-movable three position switch 6E that is used for mains side earthed switch 9A, 9B, the 9C of embodiment 1～3 is used as isolated part 6A, 6B, 6C among the embodiment 1～3 at this.This three position switch is by constituting with the lower part, promptly be connected to the contact 61 of power supply side terminal 2E, be connected to the contact 91 of mains side earth terminal 4E, and the clavate traveling electrode 60 that is used to provide electric current, electrode 60 its axially on straight line move, thereby interrupt connection from the contact 61 of power supply side terminal 2E one side to the contact 91 of main circuit 8E one side or power ground terminal 4E one side.
Each above-mentioned contact 61,62,91 traveling electrode 60 axially on arranged apart at interval in accordance with regulations.And traveling electrode 60 realizes switching between following three positions by rectilinear motion: make position shown in Figure 9, wherein the contact 62 of main circuit 8E side is connected to the contact 61 of power supply side terminal 2E side, and power supply side terminal 2E and mains side earth terminal 4E disconnect, mains side earthing position shown in Figure 10, wherein power supply side terminal 2E and main circuit 8E disconnect, and the contact 61 of power supply side terminal 2E side is connected to the contact 91 of mains side earth terminal 4E side; And an open position, wherein above-mentioned all contacts 61,62,91 are all by each self-separation.
Traveling electrode 60 is coupled to the operating mechanism that is in closed container 1E outside by connecting rod, only when the parts 7E that opens circuit was in its open mode, electrode 60 could move down by shown in Figure 8 by the interlocking between the operating mechanism of its operating mechanism and the parts 7E system that opens circuit.
The operation of embodiment 5 is then described.
Remain in traveling electrode 60 under the state of open position shown in Figure 8, if make traveling electrode 60 be moved down into the closure state of Fig. 9 with operating mechanism, the contact 61 of the contact 62 of main circuit 8E side and power supply side terminal 2E side just is transformed into closure state, at this moment, two contacts 61 are connected by traveling electrode 60 with 62.If traveling electrode 60 further moves down from closure state, traveling electrode 60 just breaks away from the contact 62 of main circuit 8E side, and the contact 61 of power supply terminal 2E side is connected to the contact 91 of mains side earth terminal 4E side, and makes mains side ground connection thus.
Embodiment 6
Figure 11 is a side sectional elevation, typically shows the switching device with the present invention the 6th and the corresponding embodiment 6 in the 7th aspect.In embodiment 6, also be used as the rotation plug-in strip of load-side earthed switch 10A or three-position switch 6F among the embodiment 1 and be used as isolated part 6A among the embodiment 1 at this.
That is to say, this three position switch comprises a contact 61 that is connected to power supply side terminal 2F, thereby one is connected to the relative contact 62 of main circuit 8F and contact 61, a contact 101 that connects load-side earth terminal 5F, and a plug-in strip 63, its bottom is rotationally on the contact 62 attached to main circuit 8F side.
The plug-in strip 63 of Gou Chenging can switch by rotating and moving between following three positions thus: make position, wherein power supply side terminal 2F is connected to main circuit 8F, the load-side earthing position, wherein power supply side terminal 2F is disconnected from main circuit 8F, and main circuit 8F is connected to load-side earth terminal 5F, and open position, power supply side terminal 2F wherein, load-side earth terminal 5F and main circuit 8F are disconnected respectively.
Plug-in strip 63 interrelates by connecting rod and the operating mechanism that is positioned at the closed container 1F outside, and only when the parts 7F that opens circuit is in open mode, plug-in strip 63 could be realized rotation by the interlocking between the operating mechanism of its operating mechanism and the parts 7F system that opens circuit.
In addition, as mentioned above, the parts 7F that opens circuit is connected in series between contact 62 and the load-side contact 3F by main circuit 8F, this plug-in strip 63 of attaching on the contact 62, since embodiment 6 other the structure all with embodiment 1 in identical, total element is represented with identical label, the therefore description of having omitted these parts.
The operation of embodiment 6 then is described.
If the plug-in strip 63 that is arranged in the drawn solid line place (neutral position) of Figure 11 is clockwise rotated, plug-in strip 63 just touches the contact 61 of power supply side terminal 2F, and makes the switching device closure.Then, if plug-in strip rotates counterclockwise the position of drawing with solid line Figure 11 from closure state, switching device just is opened.And then if plug-in strip 63 continues to rotate counterclockwise, plug-in strip 63 is with regard to the contact 101 that touches load-side earth terminal 5F and make load-side ground connection.
Embodiment 7
Figure 12 is a side sectional elevation, typically shows the switching device of the embodiment 7 of corresponding eighth aspect present invention; Figure 13 is a side sectional elevation of the open mode of expression Figure 12 switching device; And Figure 14 is a side sectional elevation of the closure state of expression Figure 12 switching device.
In embodiment 7, used similar to a switch shown in Figure 8 basically straight line to move or three position switch 6G, and embodiment 7 is with Fig. 8 embodiment difference: first point has replaced being positioned at the contact 62 of Fig. 8 middle and upper part with the contact 101 of load-side earth terminal 5G side among the embodiment 7; Second point, a middle contact 62 between the contact 61 of contact 101 and power supply side terminal 2G one side is connected to main circuit 8G; And thirdly be to be configured in contact 16 contacts of plug-in strip 92 and power supply side terminal 2G one side on the contact 91 of mains side earth terminal 4G side or to separate.
Like this, the traveling electrode 60 of three position switch 6G is to constitute like this among the embodiment 7, and it can realize switching between following three positions by rectilinear motion; The contact 101 of load-side earth terminal 5G side is connected to the load-side earthing position on the contact 61 of main circuit 8G side shown in Figure 13, the contact 62 of main circuit 8G side as shown in figure 14 is connected to the make position of the contact 61 of power supply side terminal 2G side, and an open position, wherein traveling electrode 60 is all separated with the contact 101 of load-side earth terminal 5G and the contact 61 of power supply side terminal 2G side.
The operation of embodiment 7 is below described.
Under the open mode of parts 7G that opens circuit, if resting on the traveling electrode 60 of open position shown in Figure 12 is moved by downward straight line, traveling electrode 60 just touches the contact 61 of power supply side terminal 2G side, thus main circuit 8G is connected to power supply side terminal 2G, and make the switching device closure thus, see Figure 14.If traveling electrode 60 is moved upwards up to neutral position shown in Figure 12 from this closure state position, switching device just is opened.If electrode 60 continues to move from this open position, traveling electrode 60 just touches the contact 101 of load-side earth terminal 5G side, and thus with load-side ground connection.
Embodiment 8
Figure 15 is a representative side section view, and it represents the switching device of the embodiment 8 of corresponding ninth aspect present invention; Figure 16 is the side cross-sectional view of switching device when closure state among expression Figure 15; Figure 17 is the side cross-sectional view of switching device under open mode among expression Figure 15.
In embodiment 8, adopt a rotation guillotine type isolated part 6B and a mains side earthed switch 9B in the linear operation formula three-position switch 6H replacement previous embodiment 2.
The three position switch 6H of embodiment 8 is made of following each several part, promptly be connected to power supply side terminal 2H and with gas pressure store energy chamber (arc control device) 710H in a relative contact 61H of fixed electrode (fixed contact) 72H, contact 91H with contact 61H positioned opposite, and contact 61H is clipped between contact 91H and the said fixing electrode 72H, and the traveling electrode 60H of an axial linear movement, it and fixed electrode 72H, contact 61H or contact 91H are in contact with one another or separate.
Be located at the fixed electrode 72H among the gas pressure store energy chamber 710H, the contact 91H that is positioned at the contact 61H of power supply side terminal 2H one side and is positioned at mains side earth terminal 4H one side is disposed on the axis direction of traveling electrode 60H in accordance with regulations at interval.
Traveling electrode 60H herein is coupled to the operating mechanism that is positioned at the closed container 1H outside by connecting rod, thereby by the switching between three positions of rectilinear motion realization, be the make position that connects power supply side terminal 2H and load side terminal 3H, the mains side earthing position that connects power supply side terminal 2H and ground connection side terminal 4H, and open position, this moment power supply side terminal 2H with load side terminal 3H between be connected and be cut off, and being connected also between power supply side terminal 2H and mains side earth terminal 4H is cut off.
The operation of switching device shown in Figure 15～17 is below described.
When the traveling electrode 60H that is in open position shown in Figure 15 was moved upward, traveling electrode 60H contacted with fixed electrode 72H as shown in figure 16, thereby the contact 61H that fixed electrode 72H is connected to power supply side terminal 2H, made the switching device closure.From this closure state, when traveling electrode 60H was moved to neutral position shown in Figure 15 downwards, switching device just was opened.From open mode, if traveling electrode 60H further moves down, traveling electrode 60H just touches the contact 91H of mains side earth terminal 4H, thereby the contact 61H that contact 91H is connected to power supply side terminal 2H, causes load-side ground connection thus.
Should note, in embodiment 8, when traveling electrode 60H when current failure takes place when fixed electrode 72H separates, gas pressure among the gas pressure store energy chamber 710H will increase owing to the electric arc that is produced between electrode, when traveling electrode 60H deviates from from vent component 711H till.When traveling electrode 60H began to break away from vent component 711H, gases at high pressure just blew out from gas pressure store energy chamber 710H, and above-mentioned electric arc is expanded and extinguished, and cut off for example fault current of short circuit current one class thus.
Embodiment 9
Figure 18 is a lateral cross-sectional view, schematically represents the switching device according to the embodiment 9 of the present invention the 11st aspect; Figure 19 is a side cross-sectional view, represents the closure state of switching device shown in Figure 180; Figure 20 is a lateral cross-sectional view, represents the off-state of switching device shown in Figure 180.
In this embodiment 9, has a breaking part 7I who is similar to the breaking part 7H of the use among the embodiment 8 at the linear operating type three position switch 6I of mains side.
That is to say, at the contact 103I that is connected to load side terminal 31 be connected between the contact 61I of power supply side terminal 2I, three position switch according to present embodiment 9 comprises breaking part 7I, and it comprises the 710I of gas compression energy locker room (arc control device), and movable electrode 60I can therefrom pass.Movable electrode 60I can pass contact 103I and contact 103I contact or separate, also can pass 61I and contact 61I contact or separate, movable electrode 60I constitutes in this manner, be that it can be changed between three positions by means of rectilinear motion, it is make position, the contact 61I of the contact 103I of load side terminal 3I one side and power supply side terminal 2I side contacts through the air pressure store energy chamber 710I in the part 7I that opens circuit at this moment, also has a position, contact at the contact 62I of this position power supply side terminal 2I one side and the contact 91I of power supply earth terminal 4I one side, and open position, at this position contact 91I, connection between 61I and the 103I is cut off.
The following describes the operation of Figure 18 to switching device shown in Figure 20.
When the movable electrode 60I that is in open position shown in Figure 180 moves downward, movable electrode 60I passes air pressure apotheca 710I and connects the contact 103I of load side terminal 3I side and the contact 61I of power supply side terminal 2I side, makes this switching device be in closure state shown in Figure 19.When movable electrode 60I when this state continues to move downward, movable electrode 60I and electrode 103I in load side terminal 3I side separate; And the contact 91I in that the contact 61I of power supply side terminal 2I side is connected to power supply side terminal 4I side makes mains side ground connection, as shown in figure 20 whereby.
The following describes the operation that present embodiment 9 breaks part 7I.
Under closure state, when breaking down electric current in load-side for example during short circuit current, the operating mechanism (not shown) that is used for traveling electrode 60I is activated by means of unillustrated relay, makes the movable electrode 60I that is in the close position move upward.Thereby when separating with the contact 61I of power supply side terminal 2 sides, movable electrode 60I producing electric arc between movable electrode 60I and the contact 61I.Electric arc is elongated in the air pressure apotheca by means of the magnetic field of permanent magnet 712I, thereby the air pressure in air pressure apotheca 710 further increases.Blow power by means of big gas, increased the arc extinguishing ability, make to resemble that big electric current is cut off the fault current.
Embodiment 10
Figure 21 is a side cross-sectional views, schematically represents the switching device of the embodiment 10 of the 13rd aspect of the present invention.Figure 22 is a lateral cross-sectional view, represents that switching device shown in Figure 21 is in closure state; Figure 23 is a lateral cross-sectional view, represents that switching device shown in Figure 21 is in open mode; Figure 24 is a lateral cross-sectional view, the ground state of expression mains side.
In this embodiment 10, linear operating type 4 position switch 6J have for the ground connection of load-side in the above embodiments 9 open with closing function on the arc extinguishing function used.
That is to say, 4 position switch 6J in present embodiment 10 have movable electrode 60J, can be in the structure of 4 position moving linearlies, promptly the load-side earthing position is connected to the contact 101J of load-side earth terminal 5J and the contact 103J of load side terminal 3J side and contacts in this position; Make position, the contact 103J of load side terminal 3J side and the contact 61J of power supply side terminal 2J side contact at this moment; The mains side earthing position, this moment, the contact 61J of power supply side terminal 2J side contacted with the contact 91J of power ground side terminal 4J side; Also have open position, all contact 101J, 103J, 61J and 91J are separated from one another at this moment.
Similar to Example 9, be arranged on contact 101J, 103J, 61J and 91J between the contact 6J of the contact 103J of load side terminal 3J side and power supply side terminal 2J side by point-blank along the axis direction setting of movable electrode 60J.
The following describes the operation of Figure 21 to switching device shown in Figure 24.
When the movable electrode 60J that is in open mode shown in Figure 21 moves downward, movable electrode 60J passes air pressure accumulation chamber 710J is connected the contact 103J of load side terminal 3J side and the contact 61J of power supply side terminal 2J side, make this switching device become closure state, as shown in figure 23, when movable electrode when this state continues to move downward, movable electrode 60J separates with the contact 103J of load side terminal 3J side, and the contact 91J of the contact 61J of power supply side terminal 2J side and power supply side terminal 4J side connects, so as to making mains side ground connection, as shown in figure 24, on the other hand, when movable electrode 60J is moved upward by open mode shown in Figure 21, as shown in figure 22, movable electrode 60J connects the contact 101J of the contact 103J of load side terminal 3J side and load-side earth terminal 5J side, thereby makes load-side ground connection.
Embodiment 11
Figure 25 is a lateral cross-sectional view, shows the practical structures of the switching device of embodiment 10.In Figure 25, label 11J is the (not shown) rotation axis of an operating mechanism, places the outside of airtight container 1J, and 12J is used for linking rotation axis 11J and connecting rod that can electronic electrode 60J.Identical shown in the composed component that same numeral is represented among other quilt and Figure 21 to 24 and operation and Figure 21 to 24, thereby their explanation is removed.
In each above-mentioned embodiment, terminal 2A to 2J, 3A to 3J, 4A to 4J and 5A to 5J, isolated part 6A to 6J, the part that opens circuit 7A to 7J, switch 9A to 9G and 10A to 10E illustrate as single-phase, but, when power supply is heterogeneous for example three phase times, these elements of requirement be arranged in parallel along directions vertical with paper.
In embodiment 10, shown such example, the part that wherein opens circuit 7J is arranged on the position of contact 61J, but, when being indifferent to input, cut-out and load-side ground connection order, can being located at the part that opens circuit the position of contact 103J and obtaining similar effect.
And in above-mentioned each embodiment, insulating gas is closed in the switching device, and but, for example insulating oil or solid insulator also can reach similar effects as the dielectric that is closed in one of container 1A to 1J iknsulating liquid.
Embodiment 12
Figure 26 is a lateral cross-sectional view, and the switching device of the embodiment 12 of the present invention the 14th and the 15th aspect is described; Figure 27 is a lateral cross-sectional view, shows that the switching device of Figure 26 is in closure state; Figure 28 is a lateral cross-sectional view, shows the ground state of mains side of the switching device of Figure 26.
In present embodiment 12; load-side earth terminal 5J in the foregoing description 11 is replaced by load-side testing terminal 5K; and closed container 1K has a protective cover 20K; be used for covering load-side experiment terminal 5K; in the space that protective cover 20K and load-side experiment terminal 5K is surrounded, sealing dielectric.Remove outside capitalization thereafter, other element identical with label in embodiment 10 or 11 represent with same label, and therefore identical in these elements and operation thereof and the foregoing description 10 and 11 omit its explanation.
Embodiment 13
Figure 29 is a lateral cross-sectional view corresponding to the switching device of the embodiment 13 of the present invention the 15th and 16 aspects, in present embodiment 13, replaces the over cap 20K in the foregoing description 12, provides a switching function in load-side testing terminal 50L.
That is to say, along the extended line in the axle center of movable electrode 60L, the sleeve of testing terminal 50L has a through hole 53L.The movable rod 52L of an external manipulation mechanism system inserts by this way within it, makes its moving linearly along the vertical direction.In the inside of through hole 53L downside, embedding and fix one can contact and the binding contact 105L that separates with above-mentioned movable rod 52L.The end portion of contact 105L stretches in the closed container 1L.Towards the end portion of contact 105L, energy and movable electrode 60L contact or the fixed contact 101L that separates do as a whole the binding.Said fixing contact 101L is the annular or cylindrical of a band through hole herein.Above-mentioned connection contact 105L has a through hole (not shown), is used for when movable electrode 60L separates with fixed contact 101L closed container 1L and through hole 52 being linked up by the space among the fixed contact 101L.Thereby under the state that separates as movable electrode 60L and fixed contact 101L, the internal pressure in through hole 53L in the space is held identical with the internal pressure of closed container 1L by means of the through hole of unshowned binding contact 105L.
Above-mentioned movable rod 52L is connected to outside operating mechanism (not shown) by a connecting rod 34L.In addition, in the through hole 53L of load-side testing terminal 50L sleeve, one zero shapes ring 54L is arranged, be used for preventing that gas from spilling by the gap between load-side testing terminal 5L and the movable rod 52L.
The following describes the operation of switching device shown in Figure 29.
Movable rod 52L is operated with linking under the state that contact 105J separates at it.Specifically, by means of the operating mechanism interlocking of the operating mechanism of movable electrode 60L and movable rod 52L, make and have only when arc control device 710L is in open mode, movable rod 52L just by means of its operating mechanism to pressing down.Therefore, movable rod 52L be connected contact 105L contact, cause that this switching device closes under the state that movable rod 52L links load side terminal 3L, after the closure, load-side testing terminal 50L is as testing terminal.
Embodiment 14
Figure 30 is the sectional view according to the major part of the switching device of the embodiment 14 of the present invention the 18th aspect, wherein with Fig. 3 in identical or corresponding part represent with the same label that has alphabetical M.
Label 17M is an insulation outer cylinder in Figure 30, and 18M is mounted in the upper insulation plate of upper end of the open side of outer cylinder 17M, and 13M is mounted in first fixed contact of lower end of the open side of above-mentioned outer cylinder 17M.By means of outer cylinder 17M, the upper insulation plate 18M and the first fixed contact 13M have formed a pressure energy apotheca 19M in above-mentioned outer cylinder 17M.Pressure can apotheca 19M storage dielectric, gas for example, its pressure is increased by means of the energy of electric arc A.
Label 18a is the perforate part that is positioned at above-mentioned upper insulation plate 18M, 13a is perforate (hole of the opening) part that is positioned at the above-mentioned first fixed contact 13M, 15M is second fixed contact, or cylindric or ring-type, be arranged on the position of the downside that faces toward perforate part 13a, 16M is the 3rd fixed contact, is arranged near the above-mentioned upper insulation plate 18M upside.By these perforate part 18a and 13a, movable contact 14M can move along its axis.
The following describes the operation of switching device shown in Figure 30.
When movable contact 14M when its on-state that contacts with the first fixed contact 13M is upwards driven, the movable contact 14M and the first fixed contact 13M separate, as shown in figure 30.So, between two contact 13M and 14M, just produce electric arc A.The electric energy of electric arc A increases the pressure at pressure storage indoor gas, simultaneously, by means of moving upward of movable contact 14M, be that the closed perforate part 13a of pressure below can the 19M of locker room that be positioned at is opened under on-state, make gas (dielectric) discharge from opening portion 13a with the temperature and pressure that increases.
The energy of electric arc A depends on transient current value at that time to a great extent.In other words, near the maximum current of alternating current, the function that is increased temperature by electric arc A is just strong, near the zero current then a little less than.Based on this fact, discharge from tapping 13a the time by the high temperature and high pressure gas that electric arc forms near maximum current, and the interior pressure of the 19M of pressure energy locker room that is used for raising, near zero current the time, be stored in gases at high pressure in the pressure energy locker room 19 and arranged outside, blow to electric arc A simultaneously to pressure energy locker room 19.
By means of blowing with gases at high pressure, electric arc A is cooled, and makes to obtain excellent arc extinction function.Because the gases at high pressure arc blow-out that forms with electric arc A itself, thus do not need extra arc-control device for example surge chamber and so on just can obtain strong arc extinguishing power.
Embodiment 15
Figure 31 is a sectional view, shows that it is the remodeling of the foregoing description 14 according to the switching device of the embodiment 15 of the 19th aspect of the present invention.
The switching device of embodiment 15 have a pressure can apotheca 19N, by the first fixed contact 13N, the second fixed contact 16N and an outer cylinder 17N constitute, and by this structure, can obtain simpler and the switching device of minor structure more.
Embodiment 16
Figure 32 is a sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 16 of the 20th aspect of the present invention, and wherein pressure can be made of an outer cylinder 17P and a magnetic sheet 16P by apotheca 19P.After opening operation movable contact 14P starting, promptly the top of movable contact 14P enter pressure can the 19P of locker room the time during this section in, electric arc A is the free electric arc in the space between the 1st fixed contact 13P and movable contact 14P.
Pressure can only just increase after the top of movable contact 14P enters its inside by the interior pressure and temperature of the 19P of locker room.Movable contact 14P separates with the first fixed contact 13P, and can not be bonded near near the end face the electric arc.
Because pressure can the locker room increase of internal pressure be that increase by means of the gas temperature of pressure in can the locker room realizes, so when the energy of electric arc A increased with the increase of breaking current, not only pressure but also its temperature of gas also raise simultaneously in pressure can the 19P of locker room.
Because this fact, may have a kind of situation, promptly when described electric current is zero, the temperature of the gas that is blown out by electric arc A is too high, make it not have or only have a little less than the arc extinguishing ability.But, according to the structure of embodiment 16, because the energy in the injection pressure energy 19P of locker room can be very little, even when breaking current was big, the temperature of gas also can be suppressed, thereby can realize cutting off.In addition, near electric arc A,,, also can keep enough allowable voltages even when imposing high voltage because movable contact 14P does not contact at its end face near electric arc A with the 1st fixed contact 13P.Like this, the switching device in present embodiment 16 just has excellent characteristic when big electric current of blocking and big voltage.
Embodiment 17
Figure 33 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 17 of the present invention the 21st aspect, and wherein outer cylinder 17Q is fixed on the 1st fixed contact 13Q.When movable contact 14Q begins to separate with the 1st fixed contact 13Q, produce electric arc A, temperature and pressure in its increase pressure energy 19Q of locker room, and the gas that has increased pressure in the pressure energy locker room is discharged from, it is blown to the electric arc A from the opening portion 13a of the 1st fixed contact 13Q simultaneously, opening portion 13a is that top and the contact 13Q of movable contact 14Q separates the back and form, and the result produces the effect similar to embodiment 14 to 16.
In addition, 14Q further moves upward when movable contact, make when its top arrives the outside of the pressure energy 19Q of locker room, can form the high pressure gas that blows to electric arc A at above-mentioned opening portion 18a, opening 18a can form after the top extraction of the 19Q of locker room from pressure at movable contact 14Q, and the result makes switching device have higher breaking capacity.For example, when breaking current hour, when the top of movable contact is in pressure can the locker room, just can realize cutting off, when breaking current is big, then by means of the top of movable contact 14Q being extracted into the outside that pressure can the locker room,, gases at high pressure realize cutting off thereby being blown at openings at two ends 18a and 13a up and down.And because there is not near the end face of electric arc A, this switching device can have good performance aspect allowable voltage.
Embodiment 18
Figure 34 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 18 of the present invention the 23rd aspect, wherein on the 1st fixed contact 13R, an insulation nozzle 31R is arranged in the bottom of outer cylinder 17R.Utilize this set, introduced effectively among the 19R of pressure energy locker room by the high pressure sensor (sensor) that the energy of electric arc A forms.Simultaneously, when gases at high pressure are blown to electric arc A, can control the position of electric arc A, and high pressure draught can become smoothly, improve whereby and blow the power effect.Correspondingly, switching device can have good blocking performance.
Embodiment 19
Figure 35 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 19 of the 23rd aspect of the present invention, is the remodeling of device shown in Figure 31.Wherein,, an insulation nozzle 31S is arranged, so as to obtaining similar effects among the embodiment 18 promptly in the opposite direction of movable contact 14 detaching directions in the outside of the first fixed contact 13S.
Embodiment 20
Figure 36 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 20 of the 24th aspect of the present invention, wherein along movable contact 14T one through hole 14a is arranged axially.Can be discharged into the outside of pressure energy locker room from the top of movable electrode 14T by this through hole 14a by the gases at high pressure of electric arc A generation.
By this set, drive near the high-temperature gas of staying the movable contact 14T top and can be discharged effectively, thus the switching device that can obtain to have good breaking capacity and allowable voltage ability.
Embodiment 21
Figure 37 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 21 of the 26th aspect of the present invention, wherein on the lower surface of upper insulation plate 18U, is fixed with the annular permanent magnnet 43U that vertically is magnetized.Occur in electric arc A between the 1st fixed contact 13U and the movable contact 14U by the field drives of permanent magnet 32U, make electric arc A increase bending vertically and radially around its center rotation.
Because this fact, the loss of the electric arc A in the pressure energy 19U of locker room has increased, and on the other hand, the pressure in the pressure energy 19U of locker room has increased, and the result increases the power of blowing to electric arc A.In addition because the length of electric arc A becomes longer, make its be easier to blow disconnected, result, even make the pressure trend in pressure can the locker room also can not obtain effective breaking capacity when not increasing in that breaking current is so little.
Embodiment 22
Figure 38 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 22 of the present invention the 25th and the 26th aspect, and wherein permanent magnet 32V is positioned in the insulation nozzle 31V, is similar to the effect of embodiment 18 with generation.Specifically, because the position of permanent magnet 32V seals the 1st fixed contact 13V, thereby in insulation nozzle and in its vicinity, can produce strong magnetic field.
Because this fact, the moment after movable contact 14V and the 1st fixed contact 13V separate, that is the moment that produces electric arc A, permanent magnet is just had an effect, thereby can obtain to have the switching device of the ability of interdicting ultra-small current.The direction that permanent magnet 32V is magnetized can be its axially or radially.But radially more effective along it, because bigger, even the absolute value of magnetic field intensity hour also is like this in the magnetic field of the position of electric arc A radial component.
Embodiment 23
Figure 39 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 23 of the 26th aspect of the present invention.Wherein be positioned in the inside of movable contact 14W along its permanent magnet 32W that axially is magnetized.Because the magnetic field that permanent magnet 42W produces is stronger at the head of movable contact, the heat of electric arc A is easy to concentrate herein, thus similar effect among acquisition and the embodiment 22, and can obtain strong breaking capacity.In addition, because pass through the flows outside of the electric current of movable contact 14W at permanent magnet 32W, magnet 32W can be by this electric current formed magnetic field degaussing.
Embodiment 24
Figure 40 is the sectional view of the switching device of embodiment 24, and it is the remodeling according to the device shown in Figure 38 of the 26th aspect of the present invention.Wherein, one is placed the bottom of upper insulation plate 18X in the drawings along its annular permanent magnnet 32X that axially is magnetized, near the space that cylindrical magnet 32X extends to the 1st fixed contact 13X and surrounded by the inner surface of insulation nozzle 31X from the bottom of permanent magnet 32X.By means of the magnetic resistance in the magnetic field that reduces to form, thereby strengthened insulation nozzle and near the radial magnetic field of the 1st fixed contact 13X, strengthened rotary driving force, made the effect that is similar to embodiment 23 obtain further to improve electric arc A by permanent magnet 32X.Thereby, can obtain having super barrier property can switching device.
By means of for example vertically the method for fluting come along circumferentially isolating magnet 33X, and don't reduce axial magnetic resistance, can avoid when electric current by the time produce eddy current.
Embodiment 25
Figure 41 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 25 of the present invention the 27th aspect.Wherein label 32Y is placed near the annular permanent magnet of the 1st fixed contact 13Y, and 32a is the cage that is used for making magnet and electric arc isolation.Label 32b represents along the magnetic flux of its permanent magnet that axially is magnetized 32.
At closure state, when movable contact 14Y was driven downwards, movable contact 14Y separated with the 1st fixed contact 13Y, thereby produced electric arc A between two contacts.Electric arc A is subjected to the actuating force perpendicular to the sense of current of electric arc A and magnetic flux 32a direction in the magnetic field of permanent magnet 32Y.
In the inside of permanent magnet 32Y, the direction of electric arc A and magnetic flux 32b is almost with axially consistent, thereby electric arc A is not activated power, and but, on the top of permanent magnet 32Y upper surface or in the bottom of its lower surface, electric arc A is subjected to the actuating force perpendicular to the direction of drawing.Top in the upper surface, electric arc A is subjected to direction and is the actuating force from Figure 41 front to the back, the bottom in the lower surface, electric arc A is subjected to direction and is the actuating force from Figure 41 back to the front.Therefore, electric arc A rotates with opposite direction on the both sides of permanent magnet 32Y and reverses.
Owing to rotating and reversing, electric arc A is elongated, and is driven along direction of rotation, is absorbed by ambient gas simultaneously, and its energy loss also increases.So, electric arc A moves with respect to ambient gas, make the energy loss that is absorbed by ambient gas increase more, in addition, because the arc root at the electric arc A of the surface of movable contact 41Y or the 1st fixed contact 13Y also is driven, temperature on each contact surface can not increase much, makes to suppress to spray metallic vapour.Except these effects, when electric arc A was driven in the magnetic field of permanent magnet 32Y, when not having magnetic field to exist, thermal loss increased, thereby makes that arc temperature is low when zero current, and the result is easier to blow-out.
Thereby for example buffer or similar device just can obtain strong arc-rupturing capacity not need additional arc-control device.
Embodiment 26
Figure 42 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 26 of the present invention the 27th aspect.In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 32Y in the foregoing description 25 is first permanent magnet, also has one second permanent magnet 34Z to be arranged near movable contact 14Z and finishes on the position of separation.When the second permanent magnet 34Z is magnetized along the direction opposite with the direction of magnetization of top first permanent magnet, magnetic field separation is vertically cancelled each other out, but, magnetic-field component is radially strengthened mutually, making increases electric arc A actuating force radially, so that drive electric arc A more strongly, the result obtains having the switching device of good arc extinguishing ability.
Embodiment 27
Figure 43 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 27 of the 28th aspect of the present invention, and outside the second permanent magnet 34B among the direction of magnetization of wherein removing the second permanent magnet 34Z and the embodiment 26 opposite, the configuration of all elements is all identical.Between two contact 14Z and 16Z, the axial component in the magnetic field that is formed by two permanent magnet 32Z and 34Z ' is strengthened mutually, but radial magnetic field slackens mutually.
Therefore, radius and pitch that electric arc A is subjected to big torsion formation spirality electric arc spiral become greatly gradually, make the length of electric arc increase.Thereby, use this scheme, can obtain having the switching device of better arc extinguishing ability.
Embodiment 28
Figure 44 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 28 of the 29th aspect of the present invention and 32 aspects.Among the figure, annular magnet 32a is positioned between the movable contact 14a and the first fixed contact 13a.In the magnetic flux that is formed by permanent magnet 32a, its radial component is stronger, and the direction of the component of two upper surfaces is identical.Therefore, the direction of the rotatory force that electric arc A is subjected on whole length of electric arc A is identical, and bigger, makes the rotary speed of electric arc A increase, and its relative velocity with respect to ambient gas also increases.Thereby this scheme has and increases the similar effect of air velocity, and the result can obtain having the switching device of good arc extinguishing ability.
Embodiment 29
Figure 45 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 29 of the present invention the 30th, 33 and 34 aspects.Wherein label 16 β are columniform the 3rd fixed contacts, movable contact 14 β can move vertically therein, 36 β are the electric arc with circular surface plates of creeping, generally resemble copper tungsten or its analog is made by contact material, be used for along electric arc A radially or the arc root of the electric arc A that drives at the top of the 3rd fixed contact 16 β of its direction of rotation and at the arc root of the electric arc A at the top of first fixed contact, 13 β.The electric arc A that is driven rotatably by magnetic field is driven to circumference than the outside by means of centrifugal force.The arc root of electric arc A also is subjected to the actuating force of outside circular direction, but by means of electric arc plate 36 β that creep, the arc root of electric arc A can drive along outer circumferencial direction or along direction of rotation, make whole electric arc A high speed rotating, thereby can obtain to be similar to the effect of embodiment 28, and further increase the energy loss of electric arc A.
In addition, when electric arc A towards than the motion of the circumferencial direction of outside the time, its arc root moves along the electric arc that circular end surface is arranged plate 36 β that creep, and makes its length increase, thereby increases arc loss, can obtain having the switching device of good breaking capacity whereby.
Embodiment 30
Figure 46 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 30 of the present invention the 31st, 33 and 34 aspects.Wherein, label 32r is the permanent magnet that is similar among the embodiment 29.Permanent magnet 32r is arranged on the creep back side of plate 36r of electric arc, is to be made by for example copper tungsten, and links to each other with the first fixed contact 13r.Simultaneously, at the back side of the 3rd fixed contact 16r, be mounted with the 2nd permanent magnet 34r.
By means of permanent magnet 32r and 34r and the electric arc plate 36r that creeps is set, as mentioned above, the arc root of electric arc A can radially move on electroplax is creeped plate with direction of rotation, drives effect thereby can and then improve electric arc.
Embodiment 31
Figure 47 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the present invention the 31st embodiment, and this is the remodeling of embodiment shown in Figure 45.In the drawings, the electric arc made by good conductor of the inner surface of annular permanent magnet 32 δ and two end faces plate 36 δ that creep cover.In present embodiment 31, when the upside of plate 36 δ is creeped when moving past to electric arc in the top of movable contact 14 δ, disengaging movement by means of movable contact 14 δ, electric arc A is elongated, and by permanent magnet 32 δ along driving than the circumferencial direction of outside, and be divided into the 1st fixed contact 13 δ and electric arc creep the electric arc A between plate 36 δ and movable contact 14 δ of electric arc A between plate 36 δ and electric arc that creeps.These electric arc A of cutting apart rotate independently and drive the outer circumferencial direction of rotation direction.
Embodiment 32
Figure 48 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 32 of the present invention the 34th aspect.Wherein label 37 ζ are the magnets that are used for carrying out magnet short-cut path between permanent magnet 32 ζ and 34 ζ, and it passes through the back side and the side of permanent magnet 32 ζ and 34 ζ respectively.
By means of such layout, the magnetic flux at the back side by permanent magnet 32 ζ and 34 ζ is made magnetic resistance reduce by short circuit, thereby the magnetic flux on electric arc is creeped plate 36 ζ is strengthened, to obtain big magnetic flux actuating force.Even when it should be noted that the magnet a little less than the use magnetizing function, also can obtain being similar to the effect of embodiment 31.
In addition, flow through, can reduce because the heating among magnet 37 ζ that eddy current causes and the phenomenon of loss by means of for example in magnet 37 ζ, axially inserting a groove, stoping along the electric current of its circumferencial direction along it.
Embodiment 33
Figure 49 is the sectional view according to the switching device of the embodiment 33 of the 35th aspect of the present invention.
In this embodiment 33, permanent magnet 32 η that are magnetized vertically are set in movable contact 14 η, and are arranged on by permanent magnet 37 η that iron or analog are made between the top of permanent magnet 32 η and moving contact 14 η.
Because strengthened by magnet 37 η along the top of movable contact 14 η by the magnetic field that permanent magnet 32 η in movable contact 14 η produce, the top of the movable contact that the heat that produces at electric arc A is easy to concentrate, strong to the driving action of electric arc A.In addition, be easy to be subjected to the rising of the temperature of permanent magnet 32 η that temperature rise influences also to be restricted.Thereby, similar with embodiment 25, can obtain strong breaking capacity.And because the electric current of movable contact 14 η that flow through flows in the outside of permanent magnet 32 η or 37 η, this electric current just can not make permanent magnet 32 η degaussings, can not produce eddy current in permanent magnet 32 η yet.
From above-mentioned description to the first, the 9th and the tenth aspect of the present invention as can be seen, the shape of this switching device makes can hold and settle the element of a plurality of functions in a housing, for example the blocking of main circuit part and isolated part and other parts thereby the present invention can obtain the little and switching device that settle easily of overall size.
And according to a second aspect of the present invention, the isolated part that electrode is cut off on main circuit comprises vacuum valve, thereby the present invention has and simplifies the part that opens circuit, the effect of structure.
And, according to a third aspect of the present invention, the electric arc tax that produces between the electrode that dielectric was separated by moment when load-side breaks down electric current is with high pressure, this High-Voltage Insulation medium blows to electric arc, thereby the present invention has the effect that fault current is interdicted fast by means of arc extinguishing.
And according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the blocking part comprises the semiconductor circuit breaker, and its semiconductor that is controlled so as to not on-state when breaking down electric current by load-side constitutes, so the present invention has the effect of simplifying the blocking part-structure.
And, according to the of the present invention the 5th to eight aspect, also form by three position switch, thereby the present invention has the advantage that does not need to provide separately blocking part and isolated part, thereby the structure of switching device is simplified more as the isolated part of blocking part.
And according to a eleventh aspect of the present invention, blocking part comprises single or two airflow arc control device, and movable electrode inserts in it or withdraws from it, thereby the present invention has when the generation overcurrent, can interdict the effect of overcurrent fast by means of arc extinguishing.
And, according to a twelveth aspect of the present invention, two switches only are set, it is three position switch, it comprises blocking part, isolated part and load-side earth terminal and load-side earthed switch, they are all in a closed container, thereby the present invention has the effect that switching device is further simplified and can be obtained the switching device of the little easy disposal of overall size.
And, according to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, holding and settling the switch of 4 positions, it comprises blocking part, isolated part, load-side earth terminal and mains side earth terminal, thereby the present invention has the effect identical with the 12 aspect.
And according to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, by means of the exchange of load-side earth terminal and load-side testing terminal, the present invention has the effect of the switching device that can obtain to have load-side testing terminal function.
And, according to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, provide arc control device to contact that is connected to power supply side terminal in closed container or the contact that is connected to load side terminal, thereby, the present invention can use the operating mechanism of three positions, its arc control device are the load test terminal by the exchange load side terminal, are automatically connected under off-state.
And according to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, by means of connecting a switch to the load-side testing terminal, this switch contacts with the contact that is connected the load-side testing terminal and separates, and can make the ground connection work of load-side become easy.
And, according to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, on described seal casinghousing, connect the protective cover that attached cover load-side earth terminal or load-side testing terminal, thereby the present invention can prevent because staff's carelessness is shocked by electricity.
And, according to a eighteenth aspect of the present invention, the opposite direction that movable contact and first fixed contact that is in contact with it are separated is provided with second fixed contact, and storing dielectric, for example by the gas of high-pressure trend, the arc energy that forms when being created in the movable contact split movement, and also has the pressure locker room, be used for blowing out the medium of high-pressure trend near current zero point, thereby, the present invention does not need to resemble to be increased mechanical load the buffer-type circuit breaker and gives driving arrangement, thereby can obtain having the switching device of good electric current blocking performance.
And, according to the of the present invention the 19 to 20 on the one hand, thereby the release aperture of pressure locker room decontroled when electric arc takes place, and a part of arc energy is discharged in the pressure locker room by release aperture, thereby the pressure of dielectric is raised to high pressure in the pressure locker room.Therefore the present invention has such effect, promptly strengthens the operation of self-extinguishing type arc extinguishing by means of the dielectric that blows to electric arc with high-pressure trend, to improve the arc extinguishing function.
And, according to the 22 aspect of the present invention, in the pressure locker room, has movable contact, first fixed contact or permanent magnet, thereby, the present invention has such effect, promptly by means of the magnetic field of permanent magnet, the electric arc that takes place after the beginning lock out operation between each terminal can be extinguished by this switching device.
And, according to the present invention the 23 aspect, near first fixed contact of pressure locker room, be provided with insulation nozzle, be pressed into the pressure locker room so as to making by the dielectric of arc energy high-pressure trend, then when the dielectric of high-pressure trend is blown to electric arc with regard to the may command arc position, in addition, smoothly the dielectric of high-pressure trend flows, thereby improves arc blow-out efficient.Thereby the present invention can obtain to interdict the switching device of function admirable.
And according to the 24 aspect of the present invention, movable contact has a through hole that is used for exhaust, thereby the dielectric of the high-pressure trend that is produced by electric arc can be discharged into the outside of pressure locker room from the top of movable contact.Thereby the high-temperature insulation medium remaining at the movable contact top can be discharged effectively, thereby can obtain to interdict performance and the good switching device of withstand voltage properties.
And, according to the present invention the 25 and 26 aspects, one permanent magnet or permanent magnet are arranged, be used for increasing magnetic-field component perpendicular to the movable contact direction of motion, thereby, the electric arc that produces in the pressure locker room after disconnecting is pulled to the outside, while is driven by the interaction with magnetic field and rotates, thereby, even under the situation of the little electric current of blocking, dielectric in the pressure locker room is also heated effectively, thereby its pressure can raise.Make the power of the blowing increase to electric arc from the dielectric of pressure locker room, the blocking impact of performance then can improve.
And, according to the 27 to two nineteen aspect of the present invention, first fixed contact is separated on the opposite direction of direction at movable contact, be provided with second fixed contact, thereby the electric arc that is produced by the lock out operation of movable contact, the magnetic field that produces by means of permanent magnet radially or axially drives and is elongated.Thereby can obtain because the cooling effect that the relative motion between electric arc and the dielectric produces and because the electrode evaporation inhibition effect that drive arc root on contact surface causes, and because these effects, needn't load to the drive unit additional mechanical, promptly need not just can obtain to have the switching device of super barrier property energy as the buffer-type circuit breaker.
And, according to the 30 to 33 aspect of the present invention, by means of the arc motion plate, can be radially or direction of rotation drive arc root, thereby can obtain and the identical effect in 27 to 29 aspects.
And, according to the 34 aspect of the present invention, additional magnetic material on the permanent magnet aspect the 31 to the 33, thereby increased perpendicular to or the magnetic field that is parallel to the moving contact direction of motion separate.Thereby can obtain and the identical effect in the 31 to the 33 aspect.
And according to the 35 aspect of the present invention, the part of the 1st fixed contact or moving contact is made by magnetisable material, thereby can increase parallel or perpendicular to the magnetic-field component of the moving contact direction of motion.Thereby can obtain the effect identical with the 34 aspect.
Though the embodiment of recommendation of the present invention has been used specific term and has illustrated, this description only is for illustrative purposes, should be appreciated that the principle or the scope that do not break away from following claim, can make various variations and remodeling.

Claims (14)

1. switching device, comprise: first fixed contact, the movable contact that can move along the direction of passing described first fixed contact, second fixed contact, it is arranged on described movable contact and separates on the direction with the reverse of described first fixed contact, and can contact described movable contact, it is characterized in that:
Described switching device further comprises the outer cylinder around described movable contact, and movable contact can be moved in outer cylinder,
The described outer cylinder and first fixed contact define the pressure locker room of a storage dielectric,
Have a perforate in first fixed contact, this perforate can be accepted described movable contact and can be sealed by this movable contact,
The electric arc that described pressure locker room structure one-tenth is produced when separating with described first fixed contact with described movable contact carries out supercharging to the dielectric in the pressure locker room, and when described movable contact separates with described first fixed contact, described perforate is opened, the dielectric of supercharging is flowed out from the pressure locker room via this perforate.
2. switching device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described movable contact can be driven to the outside of described pressure apotheca by means of its lock out operation.
3. switching device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pressure locker room has the permanent magnet on the circumference of described first fixed contact or described movable contact both or one of them, this permanent magnet also can be located at the end of movable contact when finishing its lock out operation and the gap between first contact, perhaps be positioned at two or one inside of described two contacts, described pressure locker room structure becomes to make comes arc extinguishing by means of the magnetic field of described permanent magnet, and described electric arc is that described two contact lock out operation take place afterwards.
4. switching device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described pressure locker room has insulation nozzle near the 1st fixed contact.
5. switching device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described movable contact has a through hole that is used for exhaust, this hole from the inside of described pressure locker room to its outside release.
6. switching device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described pressure locker room has a magnet that is attached on the described permanent magnet, and described pressure locker room structure becomes along increasing magnetic-field component with the perpendicular direction of the direction of motion of described movable contact.
7. as claim 3 or 6 described switching devices, it is characterized in that, described first fixed contact part or described movable contact part are made of magnet, and described first fixed contact or described movable contact structure become along increasing magnetic-field component with the perpendicular direction of the direction of motion of described movable contact.
8. switching device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that further comprising the 3rd fixed contact that is connected in described movable contact on electric, it is positioned at the first fixed contact side, faces toward the end position of described movable contact when described movable contact is finished lock out operation.
9. switching device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, one of the described first or the 3rd fixed contact or both have a circular arc motion plate that can make the electric arc radial motion.
10. switching device as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that further comprising the permanent magnet that is positioned at the plane opposite side that moves with electric arc on the arc motion plate.
11. switching device as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that described permanent magnet is annular, and when being positioned in movable contact and finishing its disengaging movement between the position of its end and described first fixed contact near position intermediate, the face cap of permanent magnet is with insulator.
12. switching device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that further comprising the arc motion plate that is placed in described permanent magnet both sides, it radially moves arc energy, and the arc motion plate is disk or sphere shape, and insulate with other contact.
13. switching device, comprise: first fixed contact, the movable contact that can move along the direction of passing described first fixed contact, second fixed contact, it is arranged on described movable contact and separates on the direction with the reverse of described first fixed contact, and can contact described movable contact, it is characterized in that:
Have a perforate in first fixed contact, this perforate can be accepted described movable contact and can be sealed by this movable contact,
Described switching device further comprises the outer cylinder around described movable contact, and movable contact can be moved in outer cylinder,
The direction that is separated along described movable contact and described first fixed contact is arranged on the cover of described outer cylinder end, and this cover has second perforate that is communicated with and can accepts described movable contact with the perforate of first fixed contact,
Described outer cylinder and cover define the pressure locker room of a storage dielectric,
The electric arc that described pressure locker room structure one-tenth is produced when separating with described first fixed contact with described movable contact carries out supercharging to the dielectric in the pressure locker room, and when described movable contact separates with described first fixed contact, the described perforate and second perforate are opened, the dielectric of supercharging is flowed out from the pressure locker room via this perforate and second perforate.
14. switching device as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, described pressure locker room separates setting with described first fixed contact.
CNB981155987A 1993-03-12 1994-03-12 Switch device Expired - Fee Related CN1144333C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP52146/93 1993-03-12
JP52147/1993 1993-03-12
JP5214893 1993-03-12
JP52148/93 1993-03-12
JP52148/1993 1993-03-12
JP52146/1993 1993-03-12
JP5214793 1993-03-12
JP52147/93 1993-03-12
JP5214693 1993-03-12
JP61842/1993 1993-03-22
JP6184293 1993-03-22
JP61842/93 1993-03-22
JP37292/94 1994-03-08
JP37292/1994 1994-03-08
JP6037292A JPH06335125A (en) 1993-03-12 1994-03-08 Switching device

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CN1144333C true CN1144333C (en) 2004-03-31

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CN102368595B (en) * 2008-12-22 2014-04-16 中国广核集团有限公司 Nuclear power station distribution board
CN102157297B (en) * 2011-03-09 2013-12-18 西安森源开关技术研究所有限公司 Three-station vacuum switch tube
JP5868308B2 (en) * 2012-11-16 2016-02-24 株式会社日立製作所 Gas insulated switchgear
JP6029524B2 (en) * 2013-04-22 2016-11-24 株式会社日立製作所 Switchgear
CN104779104B (en) * 2015-05-08 2017-06-20 国网上海市电力公司 A kind of crowbar switch
CN105504479A (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-04-20 耿萌宜 Fibrage reinforced polyethylene soft water hose and preparation process thereof
CN109004535B (en) * 2018-06-22 2024-04-30 苏州达博思智能电网装备制造有限公司 Isolation switch
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CN112952729A (en) * 2021-03-11 2021-06-11 上海电气集团股份有限公司 Power cable insulation closed terminal and cable end sealing method
CN114267567B (en) * 2022-01-24 2022-09-09 徐州贝尔电气有限公司 Circuit breaker for electrical equipment safety

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JPH06335125A (en) 1994-12-02
KR0123024B1 (en) 1997-11-22
CN1053768C (en) 2000-06-21
CN1100846A (en) 1995-03-29
CN1220511A (en) 1999-06-23
KR940022962A (en) 1994-10-22

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