CN114429442A - Method for determining polarity state of capacitor - Google Patents

Abstract

A capacitor polarity state determination method, comprising: obtaining a physical circuit board image, comparing the physical circuit board image with a circuit board design file to obtain a physical capacitor image, and obtaining a plurality of edge coordinate points in the physical capacitor image, The plurality of edge coordinate points are arranged along the periphery of a closed pattern, the number of the plurality of edge coordinate points is n, and n is at least three, an equation is used to calculate a total amount of slope distance, and according to the total amount of slope distance Determine and output the polarity state of a capacitor associated with the closed pattern.

Description

How to determine the polarity state of capacitors

technical field

The present invention relates to a method for judging the polarity state of an electronic component, in particular to a method for judging the polarity state of a capacitor using image recognition.

Background technique

When manufacturing circuit boards such as computer motherboards, development boards, etc., various electronic components are combined with the substrate, and whether the electronic components are placed manually or automatically, there are positive and negative polarities and pin orientations of the placed electronic components. possibility of error. Known methods of checking for errors are, for example, manual inspection, connecting some electronic components or parts of circuit boards with voltage or current detectors, and measuring whether the measured values conform to factory settings. However, the above-mentioned inspection method is too time-consuming, which tends to reduce the efficiency of the entire circuit board manufacturing process. Now, image recognition technology can also be used to assist the inspection. After obtaining an image of an electronic component containing a circuit board, it can be judged whether the electronic component has misplaced pins according to the processed image.

However, due to various environmental factors that cannot be precisely controlled, such as the direction of illumination, the lens angle of the imaging device, the shading of adjacent components, etc., the pre-processed image containing electronic components is too distorted or cannot be judged, or cannot be judged. Identify the position of the electronic component to be tested on the circuit board, etc., so that the phenomenon of underkill or misjudgment (overkill) occasionally occurs by the method of image recognition. If it is detected, misjudgment means that the pin position of the electronic component is correct but it is judged to be reversed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above, the present invention provides a capacitor polarity state determination method that can meet the above requirements, and can effectively determine the polarity state of the capacitor even if the environment in which the capacitor image is obtained is not good.

The method for determining the polarity state of a capacitor according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes: obtaining a physical circuit board image; comparing the physical circuit board image with a circuit board design file to obtain a physical capacitor image; obtaining the physical capacitor image A plurality of edge coordinate points in , wherein the plurality of edge coordinate points are arranged along the periphery of a closed pattern, the number of the plurality of edge coordinate points is n, and n is at least three; calculate a total slope distance with the following equation :

and judge and output the polarity state of a capacitor associated with the closed pattern according to the total amount of slope distance, wherein W is the total amount of slope distance, and d(i, i+1) is among the plurality of edge coordinate points The distance between the i-th edge coordinate point and the i+1-th edge coordinate point, s(i,i+1) is the distance between the i-th edge coordinate point and the i+1-th edge coordinate point The slope of the connection, d(n,1) is the distance between the nth edge coordinate point and the first edge coordinate point among the multiple edge coordinate points, and s(n,1) is the nth edge coordinate point The slope of the line between the edge coordinate point and the first edge coordinate point.

A capacitor polarity state determination method according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes: obtaining a physical circuit board image; comparing the physical circuit board image and a circuit board design file to obtain a physical capacitor image; obtaining the physical capacitor image A closed pattern in the closed pattern, and based on the closed pattern to obtain an arcuate pattern, wherein the arcuate pattern and the closed pattern at least partially overlap; Based on the arcuate pattern, a preliminary judgment polarity state of a capacitor associated with the closed pattern is generated; Judgment Whether the initially determined polarity state and a preset polarity state are the same; when the initially determined polarity state is the same as the preset polarity state, output the initially determined polarity state; when the initially determined polarity state is different from the Predetermining the polarity state, obtaining a plurality of edge coordinate points located on the periphery of the closed pattern, and calculating a total slope distance based on the distance between every two adjacent edge coordinate points of these edge coordinate points and the slope of the connecting line , and generate an overdetermined polarity state associated with the capacitor according to the total amount of slope distance; determine whether the overdetermined polarity state and the default polarity state are the same; When the polarity states are the same, the overridden polarity state is output.

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but is not intended to limit the present invention.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining a polarity state of a capacitor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a capacitor suitable for the method for determining the polarity state of the capacitor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

3A is a schematic diagram of a physical capacitor image obtained under an implementation of the capacitor polarity state determination method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

3B is a schematic diagram of binarizing an image in a selected range by the method for determining the polarity state of a capacitor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

3C is a schematic diagram of a physical capacitance image obtained under another implementation of the capacitor polarity state determination method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3D is a schematic diagram of a plurality of edge coordinate points and the connections between them in the method for determining the polarity state of a capacitor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is another schematic diagram of a plurality of edge coordinate points and the connections between them in the method for determining the polarity state of a capacitor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

5A is a schematic diagram of another physical capacitor image obtained under an implementation of the capacitor polarity state determination method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

5B is a schematic diagram of binarizing an image in another selected range by the method for determining the polarity state of a capacitor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

5C is a schematic diagram of another physical capacitance image obtained under another implementation of the capacitor polarity state determination method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

5D is a schematic diagram of a plurality of edge coordinate points and the connections between them in the method for determining the polarity state of a capacitor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a detailed flowchart of determining the polarity state based on the total amount of slope distance in the method for determining the polarity state of a capacitor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is another detailed flowchart of determining the polarity state based on the total amount of slope distance in the capacitor polarity state determination method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for determining the polarity state of a capacitor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a schematic diagram of a first arcuate pattern and a second arcuate pattern of a method for determining a polarity state of a capacitor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a detailed flowchart of a method for determining the polarity state of a capacitor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Among them, reference numerals:

20 Capacitors

21 Solid Pattern

31 Pattern images

32 closed pattern

301～307 Edge coordinate points

L Longitudinal straight line

P1, P2 edge coordinate points

More than 40 edge coordinates and connections between them

51 Pattern images

52 closed pattern

501～506 Edge coordinate points

90 Circle Patterns

91 first bow pattern

92 Second bow pattern

Detailed ways

The detailed features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail below in the embodiments, and the content is sufficient to enable any person familiar with the relevant art to understand the technical content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and based on the content provided in this specification, the scope of the patent application and the accompanying drawings , any person familiar with the related art can easily understand the related objects and advantages of the present invention. The following examples further illustrate the concept of the present invention in further detail, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structure principle and working principle of the present invention are described in detail:

1 , which is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a capacitor polarity state determination method provided by the present invention, which may include the following steps: step S11 , obtaining a physical circuit board image; step S12 , comparing the physical circuit board image and A circuit board design drawing file is used to obtain a physical capacitor image; step S13, a plurality of edge coordinate points in the physical capacitor image are obtained, wherein the edge coordinate points are arranged along the periphery of a closed pattern, and the number of these edge coordinate points is n and n is at least three; step S14, calculating a total slope distance with equation eq1; and step S15, judging and outputting the polarity state of a capacitor associated with the closed pattern according to the total slope distance.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 together to describe the first embodiment of the present invention in more detail, wherein FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the capacitor 20 . The upper surface of the capacitor 20 has a solid pattern 21, the solid pattern 21 is used to represent the polarity direction of the capacitor 20, usually the solid pattern 21 is in the shape of an arc, and the orientation of the arc of the arc relative to its chord represents the negative electrode of the capacitor 20 Orientation relative to the positive pole. That is, if the arc of the arcuate solid pattern 21 is located on the right side of its chord, the negative electrode of the capacitor 20 is located on the right side of the positive electrode of the capacitor 20 . In step S11 of the first embodiment of the present invention, a physical circuit board image may be obtained by, for example, using an imaging device to take a picture of a circuit board, video recording, etc., wherein the circuit board needs to include at least one capacitor, and the physical circuit board image At least this capacitor is included.

In step S12 of the first embodiment of the present invention, the physical circuit board image and the circuit board design drawing are then compared to obtain a physical capacitor image. Specifically, the circuit board design drawing file is a design drawing file of the circuit board, especially an electronic design drawing file. The circuit board design file represents a plurality of electronic components of the circuit board, such as various capacitors, resistors, microchips, processing chips, etc., and the circuit board design file preferably includes a plurality of preset coordinates, and each of them Each preset coordinate corresponds to an electronic component. In the following description about the first embodiment of the capacitor polarity state determination method of the present invention, only the preset capacitor coordinates in the preset coordinates will be taken as an example for description. In this embodiment, by pre-setting multiple reference points on the circuit board and the circuit board design file, the conversion matrix between the physical circuit board image and the circuit board design file can be obtained, and the conversion matrix is used The aforementioned preset capacitor coordinates are converted into the physical capacitor coordinates on the physical circuit board image, and then the physical capacitor image included in the physical circuit board image can be obtained accordingly. To be more specific, the implementation manner of obtaining the physical capacitor image based on the physical capacitor coordinates may be: taking the physical capacitor coordinates as the center to expand and frame an image acquisition range, wherein the outward expansion may be based on the physical capacitor coordinates as the center. Each of two opposite directions of a plurality of axes (for example, vertical and horizontal axes that are perpendicular to each other) of the physical capacitor image extends for a predetermined length, so that the imaging range includes the capacitor. It should be noted that the above manner of obtaining the physical capacitor image is only an illustration of an embodiment, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

In another specific implementation, in order to reduce the computational load of the personal electronic device or remove unnecessary noise, image preprocessing, such as binarization, erosion, may also be performed on the images in the acquisition range first. ) and/or morphological image processing such as dilation, and then use the content that has undergone the above image preprocessing as the aforementioned solid capacitor image. In this way, unnecessary noise can be removed or the image can be enhanced, so as to improve the image quality and facilitate subsequent judgment. As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C , the images in the imaging range ( FIG. 3A ) are obtained after binarizing ( FIG. 3B ) and then performing morphological image processing such as erosion or dilation ( FIG. 3C ). Solid capacitor image. It can be seen from FIGS. 3A and 3C that a pattern image 31 is included in FIG. 3A , and the pattern image 31 is the image of the solid pattern 21 of the capacitor 20 presented in the physical circuit board image, and the closed pattern shown in FIG. 3C is 32 corresponds to this pattern image 31 . Theoretically, the closed pattern 32 should be the same as the pattern image 31. However, due to various environmental factors such as the direction of illumination, the lens angle of the imaging device, and the shading of adjacent components, some unnecessary data of the image after image preprocessing are not valid. culling, or some necessary data are accidentally culled, etc., thus may cause the closed pattern 32 to be inconsistent with the pattern image 31 .

Following step S12, in step S13 of the first embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of edge coordinate points (as shown in FIG. 3D) arranged along the periphery of the closed pattern are obtained from the physical capacitor image, wherein the number of these edge coordinate points is n, and n is at least three. Specifically, the above-mentioned multiple edge coordinate points can be generated at the contour periphery of the closed pattern 32 by, for example, the contour extraction functions “findContours” and “drawContours” of the computer vision library OpenCV. In order to describe the shape of the above-mentioned closed pattern, the number of edge coordinate points needs to be at least 3, and this number is preferably adjusted according to the amount of computations caused by them. In FIG. 3D, only 7 edge coordinate points 301-307 are shown as a simple example, but in fact, the number of edge coordinate points may be larger to describe the closed pattern with these edge coordinate points more clearly. For subsequent steps, these edge coordinate points can be sequentially marked as the first to nth edge coordinate points along the outer periphery of the closed pattern. For example, the edge coordinate points 301 to 307 in FIG. The last edge coordinate point, and any of the edge coordinate points 301 to 307 can be used as the first edge coordinate point.

Step S14 of the first embodiment of the present invention calculates the total amount of slope distance W of the closed pattern 32 with the equation eq1:

where W is the total amount of the slope distance, d(i, i+1) is the distance between the i-th edge coordinate point and the i+1-th edge coordinate point among these edge coordinate points, s(i, i+1) is the slope of the connecting line between the i-th edge coordinate point and the i+1-th edge coordinate point, and d(n,1) is the n-th edge coordinate among these edge coordinate points The distance between the point and the first edge coordinate point, s(n,1) is the slope of the connection between the nth edge coordinate point and the first edge coordinate point. It can be seen from the above equation eq1 that the longer the length of the line between the two connected edge coordinate points, or the greater the absolute value of the slope of the line, the greater the influence on the total slope distance W. It should be noted that, in step S14, when the connecting line between any two edge coordinate points is a vertical straight line (that is, the two edge coordinate points have the same abscissa), the slope of the vertical straight line needs to be defined as a computable line. A maximum slope value or a minimum slope value of . Accordingly, the vertical straight line can participate in the calculation of the total amount of slope distance W, and because the absolute value of the slope of the vertical straight line will be significantly larger than the absolute value of the slope of other connecting lines, it becomes a factor that affects the calculation result of the total amount of slope distance W. It is an important factor that the total amount of slope distance W cannot be calculated because the identified closed pattern 32 has a vertical straight line (the actual slope is infinite).

Specifically, in this embodiment, for s(i, i+1), when the abscissas of the i-th edge coordinate point and the i+1-th edge coordinate point are equal, the When the ordinate of the edge coordinate point is greater than the ordinate of the ith edge coordinate point, the value of s(i, i+1) can be set as the maximum slope value, and when the ordinate of the i+1th edge coordinate point is less than When the ordinate of the i-th edge coordinate point, set the value of s(i, i+1) as the minimum slope value. Similarly, in this embodiment, for s(n,1), when the abscissa of the nth edge coordinate point and the first edge coordinate point are equal, the ordinate of the first edge coordinate point is greater than When the ordinate of the nth edge coordinate point, the value of s(n, 1) can be set as the maximum slope value, and when the ordinate of the first edge coordinate point is smaller than the ordinate of the nth edge coordinate point, Set the value of s(n,1) as the minimum slope value. However, for setting the values of s(i,i+1) and s(n,1), the opposite definition can also be made, that is, the ordinate of the i+1th edge coordinate point is greater than the ith edge coordinate When the ordinate of the point, set the value of s(i,i+1) as the minimum slope value, and also set s when the ordinate of the first edge coordinate point is greater than the ordinate of the nth edge coordinate point The value of (n, 1) is the minimum slope value.

The above-mentioned maximum slope value and minimum slope value can be defined according to their own needs. For example, the maximum slope value is defined as 15, and the minimum slope value is defined as -15. Alternatively, the maximum slope value and the minimum slope value can also be determined based on the absolute values of the slopes of the connecting lines of other non-vertical straight lines. A value of the maximum value is used to set the maximum slope value and the minimum slope value, eg, 20 and -20, respectively. In addition, the maximum slope value and the minimum slope value can also be changed according to the size (radius) of the capacitor. For example, when the capacitor radius is 6 mm, the maximum slope value and the minimum slope value are 15 and -15 respectively, but when the capacitor radius is 8 In the case of millimeters (the radius of which is about 1.3 times the former), the maximum slope value and the minimum slope value can be 1.3 times 15 and -15 (ie, 19.5 and -19.5). Table 1 is provided below. Under the common capacitors with different radii, the maximum slope value and the minimum slope value that can be used are relative to the slope setting ratio of 6mm capacitors under different sizes.

(Table I)

Please refer more to FIG. 4, which is a further example to illustrate the vertical line. In the plurality of edge coordinate points and the connecting lines 40 between them obtained based on the closed pattern shown in FIG. 4 , in order to illustrate the case of the existence of a vertical straight line, the vertical straight line L and the edge coordinate points P1 and P1 at both ends thereof are specially marked. P2 label. Since the abscissas of the edge coordinate points P1 and P2 are equal, the connecting line between them (ie, the vertical straight line L) extends along the vertical axis, and the slope of the connecting line cannot be calculated mathematically. Therefore, the vertical direction must be determined by the aforementioned setting method. The slope value s(P1, P2) of the straight line L. In this embodiment, when the edge coordinate point P2 is the next edge coordinate point of the edge coordinate point P1 (that is, P1 is i, P2 is i+1), or when the edge coordinate point P2 is the first edge coordinate point and the edge coordinate point P1 is the last edge coordinate point (that is, P1 is n, P2 is 1). Since the ordinate of edge coordinate point P2 is greater than the ordinate of edge coordinate point P1, set s(P1, P2) as the maximum slope value; and When edge coordinate point P1 is the next edge coordinate point of edge coordinate point P2 (that is, P1 is i+1, P2 is i), or when edge coordinate point P1 is the first edge coordinate point and edge coordinate point P2 is the last edge coordinate Point (that is, P2 is n, P1 is 1), since the ordinate of edge coordinate point P1 is smaller than the ordinate of edge coordinate point P2, set s(P2, P1) as the minimum slope value.

Please refer to FIG. 3A to FIG. 3D again, and also refer to FIG. 5A to FIG. 5D , wherein FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C are images in another imaging range ( FIG. 5A ) after binarization ( FIG. 5B ), for example The solid capacitor image obtained after morphological image processing such as erosion or dilation ( FIG. 5C ), while FIG. 5D presents a plurality of edge coordinate points along the periphery of the closed pattern 52 obtained from this solid capacitor image. In detail, what is presented by FIG. 3A is the case where the arc of the pattern image 31 is on the left side of the chord, while FIG. 5A is the case where the arc of the pattern image 51 is on the right side of the chord. Through the aforementioned step S14, when the maximum slope value and the minimum slope value are set to 15 and -15, the edge coordinate points 301-307 in FIG. 3D are set as the first edge coordinate point to the last edge coordinate point in sequence, so that It can be concluded that the total amount of slope distance W is about 67.9289; and the edge coordinate points 501-506 in FIG. 5D are sequentially set as the first edge coordinate point to the last edge coordinate point, it can be obtained that the total amount of slope distance W is about -67.9289 . However, according to the above, when the values of s(i, i+1) and s(n, 1) are set and defined in the opposite direction, the sign of the obtained slope distance total W will also be opposite. , that is, the total amount of slope distances W corresponding to FIG. 3D is about -67.9289, and the total amount of slope distances W corresponding to FIG. 5D is about 67.9289.

After calculating the total amount of slope distance W in step S14, step S15 can judge and output the polarity state of a capacitor 20 associated with the closed pattern according to the total amount of slope distance W, wherein the polarity state can be "the negative pole of the capacitor is at The left side of the positive electrode of the capacitor", "the negative electrode of the capacitor is on the right side of the positive electrode of the capacitor", or "can't judge". In addition, only a number or symbol can be used to represent the above-mentioned polarity state, for example, L represents "the negative pole of the capacitor is located on the left side of the positive pole of the capacitor", and R represents "the negative pole of the capacitor is located on the right side of the positive pole of the capacitor", And 0 means "can't judge". Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6 , step S15 may include sub-steps S151 to S153 which will be described later. In sub-step S151, it is determined whether the total amount of slope distance W falls within a positive value range or a negative value range, so as to determine whether the total slope distance W calculated in step S14 is sufficient to correctly display the capacitor 20 The azimuthal relationship between the positive and negative electrodes. If the total value of the slope distance W falls outside the range of positive and negative values (that is, the value of the positive slope distance total W is not large enough, or the negative slope distance from the total W If the value is not small enough), it means that the total amount of slope distance W calculated this time is more likely to cause misjudgment. Preferably, since different maximum slope values and minimum slope values are set for capacitors of different sizes, different positive value ranges or negative value ranges can be set for capacitors of different sizes.

When it is determined in sub-step S151 that the total amount of slope distance W does not fall within any one of the positive range and the negative range, sub-step S152 is then executed to determine that the polarity status is undeterminable. Afterwards, step S11 can be selectively performed again, in order to obtain a physical circuit board image that is more suitable for judgment, and steps S12-S15 are performed again with the re-acquired physical circuit board image. Conversely, when the sub-step S151 determines that the total slope distance W falls within the positive range or the negative range, the sub-step S153 is executed to determine the azimuth relationship between the positive and negative electrodes of the capacitor 20 . To be more specific, in this embodiment, when the total slope distance W falls within the positive value range, it is determined that the polarity state is that the negative electrode of the capacitor is located on the left side of the positive electrode of the capacitor (ie, as shown in FIG. 3D ); and When the total value of the slope distance W falls within the negative value range, it is determined that the polarity state is that the negative electrode of the capacitor is located to the right of the positive electrode of the capacitor (ie, as shown in FIG. 5D ). However, in the same way, when the values of s(i, i+1) and s(n, 1) are set and defined in the opposite direction, the polarity state when the total amount of slope distance W falls in the positive value range is determined. It means that the negative pole of the capacitor is on the right side of the positive pole of the capacitor, and the polarity state when the total slope distance W falls in the negative value range is that the negative pole of the capacitor is on the left side of the positive pole of the capacitor.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 7, in step S15' of Fig. 7, before executing sub-step S151', sub-step S150 may be further executed to adjust the total amount of slope distance W in a normalized manner. To be more specific, the normalization can be performed by dividing the total amount of slope distance W by the diameter of the capacitor 20 to obtain a normalized total amount, and judging whether the normalized total amount falls within the positive value range or the negative value. The value reaches the target range. Therefore, when different maximum slope values and minimum slope values are used for different capacitor radii, it is not necessary to set different positive value ranges or negative value ranges corresponding to different capacitor sizes, and these additional settings can be omitted. required storage space. When the sub-step S151' judges that the normalized total amount falls within the positive value range or the negative range, then the sub-step S153' is executed. In step S153', when the normalized total amount falls within the positive value range, it is determined that the polarity state is that the negative electrode of the capacitor is located on the left side of the positive electrode of the capacitor; and when the normalized total amount falls within The negative value reaches the standard value range, and it is judged that the polarity state is that the negative electrode of the capacitor is located on the right side of the positive electrode of the capacitor.

Finally, in the actual situation such as factory manufacturing, in addition to judging the polarity state of the capacitor, it is still necessary to judge whether it conforms to the polarity state stated in the original specification, and can be shipped smoothly only when the polarity state is correct. In order to increase the process efficiency, data with a preset polarity state can be added to the capacitor polarity state determination method of the present invention. In an embodiment of the present invention, the circuit board design file may further have a predetermined polarity state associated with a plurality of electronic components. In this case, after judging the polarity state of the capacitor, it can be judged whether the polarity state is the same as the preset polarity state. If the polarity state is the same as the preset polarity state, the polarity state can be output. ; If the polarity state is different from the preset polarity state, a reminder signal for warning can be generated or a determination can be repeated once, which is not limited by the present invention. Wherein, the present invention does not limit the expression of the preset polarity state, but the expression must be the same as the expression of the determined polarity state of the capacitor. For example, in accordance with the aforementioned first embodiment, the default polarity states can be "the negative electrode of the capacitor is located on the left side of the positive electrode of the capacitor" and "the negative electrode of the capacitor is located on the right side of the positive electrode of the capacitor".

The above is to illustrate the first embodiment of the capacitor polarity state determination method of the present invention. The current polarity state of the capacitor is determined by calculating the slope of each edge coordinate point adjacent to the outer edge of the graph and the sum of the multiplication of the slopes. Check whether it matches with the preset polarity state. Even if the captured image of the capacitor cannot recognize the complete solid pattern after image preprocessing due to environmental factors and other reasons, the polarity state of the capacitor can still be effectively determined, thereby reducing the error detection rate and misjudgment rate.

Please refer to FIG. 8 , which is a flowchart of a second embodiment of the method for determining the polarity state of a capacitor of the present invention. Compared with the aforementioned first embodiment, in the second embodiment, a preliminary judgment procedure is first performed to generate a preliminary judgment polarity state, and the preliminary judgment polarity state is executed when the preliminary judgment polarity state is different from a preset polarity state. A re-judgment procedure is used to generate a re-judgment polarity state, wherein the re-judgment procedure is executed by the method of the aforementioned first embodiment. The setting purpose of this embodiment is to be able to complete the judgment of the polarity state by a preliminary judgment procedure with a small amount of computation under normal circumstances, and in the case of abnormality in the judgment of the polarity state, further to have a higher impact on the environment. Robust review procedures for confirmation. Such an implementation manner can avoid performing the aforementioned steps S13 to S15 for each physical capacitor image, thereby improving the overall performance in actual production. In this embodiment, steps S21 to S24 are the aforementioned preliminary judgment procedure, and step S27 is the aforementioned rejudgment procedure, wherein steps S21 and S22 are the same as steps S11 and S12 of the first embodiment, and step S27 is the same as Steps S13 to S15 of the first embodiment, therefore, the description of steps S21 to S22 and S27 will be omitted in the following description.

Referring to FIG. 8 again, the second embodiment of the capacitor polarity state determination method provided by the present invention may include the following steps: step S21 , obtaining a physical circuit board image; step S22 , comparing the physical circuit board image and the circuit board design file to obtain a physical capacitor image; step S23, obtain a closed pattern in the physical capacitor image, and obtain an arcuate pattern based on the closed pattern, wherein the arcuate pattern and the closed pattern at least partially overlap; step S24, based on the arcuate pattern to generate A preliminary judgment polarity state of a capacitor associated with the closed pattern; step S25, judging whether the preliminary judgment polarity state and a preset polarity state are the same; step S26, initially judgment polarity state and preset polarity state The same, output the initial judgment polarity state; Step S27, the initial judgment polarity state and the preset polarity state are not the same, obtain a plurality of edge coordinate points located at the periphery of the closed pattern, and use every two edge coordinate points of these edge coordinate points. The distance between the adjacent edge coordinate points and the slope of the connection line calculates a total slope distance, and generates a polarity state associated with the capacitor according to the total slope distance; step S28, judging the polarity determining whether the polarity state and the preset polarity state are the same; and step S29, when the overridden polarity state and the preset polarity state are the same, output the overridden polarity state. Detailed explanations and examples of the above steps are given below.

Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 at the same time. In step S23 , an arcuate pattern (first arcuate pattern 91 ) as shown in FIG. 9 is further obtained based on the closed pattern 52 of the physical capacitor image obtained after the physical capacitor image is preprocessed, wherein the first arcuate pattern 91 and the closed pattern 52 are further obtained. at least partially overlap. Preferably, the first bow pattern 91 is the smallest bow encompassing this closed pattern 52, and the bow of the first bow pattern 91 is positioned to the left or right of its chord. In step S24 , a preliminary polarity state of the capacitor associated with the closed pattern 52 is generated based on the first arcuate pattern 91 . According to the azimuth relationship between the bow and the chord of the first arcuate pattern 91, the initial judgment polarity state can be obtained, wherein the initial judgment polarity state can be “the negative electrode of the capacitor is located on the left side of the positive electrode of the capacitor” or “the capacitor is located on the left side of the positive electrode of the capacitor”. The negative electrode of the capacitor is located on the right side of the positive electrode of the capacitor." The detailed process of step S24 will be described later. In the subsequent step S25, after the initial determination of the polarity state is generated, it is continued to determine whether the initial determination of the polarity state and the preset polarity state are the same. When the initially determined polarity state is the same as the preset polarity state, step S26 is continued to output the initially determined polarity state; when the initially determined polarity state is different from the preset polarity state, step S27 is executed, That is, the rejudgment procedure is further executed (ie, the steps S13 to S15 of the first embodiment described above are executed).

After the overridden polarity state is generated in step S27, step S28 may continue to determine whether the overridden polarity state and the preset polarity state are the same. In step S29, when the overdetermined polarity state and the preset polarity state are the same, the overdetermined polarity state can be output. However, if the polarity state is different from the preset polarity state, a reminder signal for warning can be generated, or step S21 is performed again and the capacitor polarity state determination method of the second embodiment is performed again, which is not limited in the present invention. .

Please refer to FIG. 10 , which is step S24 of the method for determining the polarity state of a capacitor according to the second embodiment of the present invention, a detailed flowchart of generating a preliminary determination of the polarity state based on the first arcuate pattern 91 , wherein step S24 may include sub-steps S241 - S244. In detail, please refer to FIG. 9 together again. In step S241 , the circular pattern 90 can be generated according to the first arcuate pattern 91 . Each coordinate point is iterated to find the center of the circle pattern 90 and the position of its semicircle, thereby generating a circle pattern 90, wherein the arc portion of the first arcuate pattern 91 overlaps the outer circumference of the circular pattern 90, and the outer circumference is not connected to the outer circumference of the circular pattern 90. The overlapping portion of the arcs and the chords of the first arcuate pattern 91 form a second arcuate pattern 92 . Then, in step S242, the area of the first arcuate pattern 91 and the area of the second arcuate pattern 92 are compared to obtain the magnitude relationship between the two areas. Step S243 is to determine the orientation of the first arcuate pattern 91 and the second arcuate pattern 92 with the smaller area relative to the larger area. Finally, it is determined in step S244 that the polarity state of the initial determination is that the negative electrode of the capacitor is located on the left or right side of the positive electrode of the capacitor. Specifically, the orientation of the first arcuate pattern 91 and the second arcuate pattern 92 with the smaller area relative to the larger area is the orientation of the negative electrode of the capacitor relative to its positive electrode. Please refer to FIG. 2 at the same time, since on the capacitor 20, the solid pattern 21 represents the orientation of the negative electrode relative to the positive electrode, the circular pattern 90 can correspond to the circular periphery of the capacitor 20, and the area between the first arcuate pattern 91 and the second arcuate pattern 92 The smaller one may correspond to the solid pattern 21 , and the larger one of the first arcuate pattern 91 and the second arcuate pattern 92 may correspond to the portion of the circular periphery of the capacitor 20 that does not include the solid pattern 21 . Taking FIG. 9 as an example, since the first arcuate pattern 91 (the one with the smaller area) is located on the right side of the second arcuate pattern 92 (the one with the larger area), it can be determined that the polarity state of the initial determination in FIG. 9 is that of the capacitor. The negative pole is to the right of the positive pole of the capacitor.

The foregoing is the description of the embodiment explaining the embodiment of the present invention. With the method for determining the polarity state of the capacitor provided by the present invention, the polarity state of the capacitor can still be effectively determined even if the environment in which the capacitor image is obtained is not good. Moreover, under the condition of low computing performance, refer to the second embodiment of the present invention, before using the total slope distance to determine the polarity state of the capacitor, first use the area of the first arc and the second arc to determine the initial value of the capacitor. Determine the polarity state.

Of course, the present invention can also have other various embodiments, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding Changes and deformations should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for determining a polarity state of a capacitor, comprising:

obtaining a solid circuit board image;

comparing the solid circuit board image with a circuit board design drawing file to obtain a solid capacitor image;

obtaining a plurality of edge coordinate points in the physical capacitor image, wherein the edge coordinate points are arranged along the periphery of a closed pattern, the number of the edge coordinate points is n, and n is at least three;

calculating a total slope distance by the following equation:

(ii) a And

determining and outputting a polarity state of a capacitor associated with the closed pattern according to the total slope distance,

wherein W is the total distance of the slope, d (i, i +1) is the distance between the ith edge coordinate point and the (i +1) th edge coordinate point among the plurality of edge coordinate points, s (i, i +1) is the slope of the connection line between the ith edge coordinate point and the (i +1) th edge coordinate point, d (n,1) is the distance between the nth edge coordinate point and the first edge coordinate point among the plurality of edge coordinate points, and s (n,1) is the slope of the connection line between the nth edge coordinate point and the first edge coordinate point.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein when calculating the total slope distance according to the equation, if the abscissa of the i-th edge coordinate point and the i + 1-th edge coordinate point are equal, the value of s (i, i +1) is set to a maximum slope value when the ordinate of the i + 1-th edge coordinate point is greater than the ordinate of the i-th edge coordinate point, and the value of s (i, i +1) is set to a minimum slope value when the ordinate of the i + 1-th edge coordinate point is less than the ordinate of the i-th edge coordinate point, and the method further comprises calculating the total slope distance according to the equation

When the abscissa of the nth edge coordinate point and the abscissa of the 1 st edge coordinate point are equal, the value of s (n,1) is set as the maximum slope value when the ordinate of the 1 st edge coordinate point is greater than the ordinate of the nth edge coordinate point, and the value of s (n,1) is set as the minimum slope value when the ordinate of the 1 st edge coordinate point is less than the ordinate of the nth edge coordinate point.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining and outputting the polarity status of the capacitor associated with the closed pattern based on the total amount of slope distance comprises:

judging whether the total slope distance falls within a positive value standard value range or a negative value standard value range;

when the total slope distance is within the positive value reaching range, determining the polarity state as the negative pole of the capacitor being located at one of the left side and the right side of the positive pole of the capacitor; and

when the total slope distance falls within the negative value reaching range, the polarity state is determined as the other of the left side and the right side of the negative pole of the capacitor.

4. The capacitor polarity state determination method according to claim 3,

when the total slope distance is judged to be outside the positive value standard value range and the negative value standard value range, the polarity state is judged to be not capable of being judged, and another entity circuit board image containing the capacitor is obtained so as to judge the polarity state of the capacitor again.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining and outputting the polarity status of the capacitor associated with the closed pattern based on the total amount of slope distance comprises:

dividing the total amount of slope distance by a diameter of the capacitor to obtain a normalized total amount;

determining whether the normalized total amount falls within a positive value compliance range or a negative value compliance range;

when the normalized total amount falls within the positive value reaching range, determining that the polarity state is one of the left side and the right side of the negative pole of the capacitor; and

when the normalized total amount falls within the negative value reaching range, the polarity status is determined as the other of the left side and the right side of the negative pole of the capacitor.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein comparing the physical circuit board image with the circuit board design drawing to obtain the physical capacitor image comprises:

converting a preset capacitor coordinate of the circuit board design drawing file into an entity capacitor coordinate of the entity circuit board image by using a conversion matrix, and obtaining the entity capacitor image from an image range containing the entity capacitor coordinate in the entity circuit board image.

7. A method for determining a polarity state of a capacitor, comprising:

obtaining a solid circuit board image;

comparing the solid circuit board image with a circuit board design drawing file to obtain a solid capacitor image;

obtaining a closed pattern in the physical capacitor image, and obtaining an arch pattern based on the closed pattern, wherein the arch pattern and the closed pattern are at least partially overlapped;

generating a first determined polarity state of a capacitor associated with the closed pattern based on the arcuate pattern;

judging whether the initial judgment polarity state is the same as a preset polarity state;

when the initial judgment polarity state is the same as the preset polarity state, outputting the initial judgment polarity state;

when the initial judgment polarity state is different from the preset polarity state, obtaining a plurality of edge coordinate points positioned at the periphery of the closed pattern, calculating a total slope distance amount according to the distance between every two adjacent edge coordinate points of the plurality of edge coordinate points and the slope of a connecting line, and generating a secondary judgment polarity state related to the capacitor according to the total slope distance amount;

judging whether the judging polarity state is the same as the preset polarity state; and

and outputting the polarity-covering state when the polarity-covering state is the same as the preset polarity state.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein defining the bow pattern as a first bow pattern, generating the initial determined polarity state of the capacitor associated with the closed pattern based on the first bow pattern comprises:

generating a circular pattern according to the first arch pattern, wherein the arc part of the first arch pattern overlaps the periphery of the circular pattern, and the part of the periphery which is not overlapped with the arc and the chord of the first arch pattern form a second arch pattern;

comparing the area of the first arch pattern with the area of the second arch pattern; and

and judging that the first bow-shaped pattern and the second bow-shaped pattern are respectively a smaller area and a larger area, and the direction of the smaller area relative to the larger area is the direction of the negative electrode of the capacitor relative to the positive electrode of the capacitor.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the edge coordinate points are disposed along a periphery of a closed pattern, the number of the edge coordinate points is n, and n is at least three.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein calculating the total distance of slopes according to the distance between every two adjacent edge coordinate points of the edge coordinate points and the slope of the connecting line comprises:

the total slope distance is calculated by the following equation:

wherein W is the total distance of the slope, d (i, i +1) is the distance between the ith edge coordinate point and the (i +1) th edge coordinate point among the plurality of edge coordinate points, s (i, i +1) is the slope of the connection line between the ith edge coordinate point and the (i +1) th edge coordinate point, d (n,1) is the distance between the nth edge coordinate point and the first edge coordinate point among the plurality of edge coordinate points, and s (n,1) is the slope of the connection line between the nth edge coordinate point and the first edge coordinate point.

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