CN114429286A - Street environment quality evaluation method based on VR panoramic visual perception - Google Patents
Street environment quality evaluation method based on VR panoramic visual perception Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a street environment quality evaluation method based on VR panoramic visual perception. The invention relates to the technical field of urban design planning, which obtains main elements and level settings influencing street environment through pre-investigation; building a virtual simulation scheme scene of the urban street environment by VR panorama modeling rendering and by means of VR panorama equipment and a related technology platform; designing a questionnaire, processing questionnaire data by adopting statistical software Stata SEV15.1, and establishing a discrete selection model; constructing a utility function through model fitting, studying and judging the weight relation of each influencing element, and selecting a walking environment scene with the maximum utility by pedestrians according to a random utility theory of a discrete selection model; arranging the absolute values of the weight relations from large to small in sequence to obtain preference analysis of different types of crowds on street environment element selection behaviors; and analyzing by using ArcGIS software to obtain an overall evaluation chart of the actual street environment in the city.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of urban design planning, in particular to a street environment quality evaluation method based on VR panoramic visual perception.
Background
Streets are important components of urban landscapes, and the evaluation of the environmental quality of the streets has important value for urban planning and updating. The urban street environment quality refers to subjective preference of people for streets in daily life, and provides an important basis for understanding the urban environment and the psychological health interaction mode of residents. The street environment quality can be accurately evaluated, the selection preference of people for the environment can be integrated into scientific city planning and updating in the city development process, and the method plays an important role in city planning design.
The narrative Preference method (state Preference Survey) refers to a method of investigating willingness to obtain "subjective preferences of people expressed in terms of multiple options under assumed conditions", and is also called SP Survey or willingness Survey. Since it is under "hypothetical conditions," SP surveys can virtually a wider selection scheme for respondents to choose from. On one hand, in order to obtain survey data as comprehensive as possible, a survey organizer hopes that a respondent answers questions as many as possible; on the other hand, in order to ensure that the survey process obtains the comprehensive cooperation of the respondents without causing the psychological aversion, it is desirable to design the survey questions reasonably and as little as possible. The SP survey method obtains the space environment preference of people under complex conditions through a scene preference questionnaire, and can be conveniently transplanted to space environment planning and design. The SP investigation method has better predictability because the SP investigation method can simulate elements which are not generated in the real environment; and has the advantages of good controllability, low cost and the like, and is widely applied to market investigation such as traffic analysis, environment assessment, price formulation, product selection, house selection and the like. The accuracy of the evaluation result of the SP survey method greatly depends on the simulation effect of the assumed market, the credibility of the SP survey method is influenced by the sampling quality and the sample size, and the limitation is that a person to be surveyed has good perception capability. If the complexity of the problem exceeds the perceptibility of the respondent, it may cause the respondent to adopt a simple strategy, such as heuristics or heuristics, to select any one of those with subtle differences, resulting in a large deviation of the estimated parameter vector.
With the development of multi-source geographic big data, it is a conventional evaluation method to evaluate the street environment quality by using street view pictures in the field of urban planning. The street view picture with the geographic label can depict the visual physical environment of the urban street from a two-dimensional layer, so that qualitative analysis and quantitative evaluation of quality perception of the urban street by people are assisted. However, the computer image analysis technology based on the street view picture is not only deficient in interactivity, but also the street view picture only contains the two-dimensional visual image of the current situation of the city street, and the view point full coverage and the optimized response cannot be realized. At present, the method for establishing the street space evaluation of the urban street from the three-dimensional perspective is still limited.
The rapid development of the VR technology provides a new opportunity for city space simulation and interaction research, and the characteristic of enhancing field perception based on the VR technology gradually becomes the blue sea field for promoting three-dimensional visualization in city and building design. Meanwhile, the visual and psychological perception of the experiencer to the urban street can be rapidly, comprehensively and accurately known through the VR virtual reality technology, and a wide development space can be provided for urban street environment quality evaluation and urban updating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a street environment quality evaluation method based on VR panoramic visual perception, which is used for creating a new breakthrough by combining a traditional SP research method with a VR virtual reality technology and applying the new breakthrough to a street environment quality evaluation system. The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a street environment quality evaluation method based on VR panoramic visual perception comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring main elements and level settings influencing the street environment through pre-investigation;
step 2: orthogonal design is carried out, the most representative preference option is extracted, and a certain number of representative virtual street view scheme combinations of a certain measure are generated;
and 3, step 3: building a virtual simulation scheme scene of the urban street environment by VR panorama modeling rendering and by means of VR panorama equipment and a related technology platform;
and 4, step 4: experiencing urban VR panoramic virtual simulation streets by wearing VR helmets, selecting a virtual scheme according to personal preference, and designing an investigation questionnaire;
and 5: processing questionnaire data by adopting statistical software Stata SE V15.1, and establishing a discrete selection model;
step 6: constructing a utility function through model fitting, studying and judging the weight relation of each influencing element, and selecting a walking environment scene with the maximum utility by pedestrians according to a random utility theory of a discrete selection model;
and 7: arranging the absolute values of the weight relations from large to small in sequence to obtain preference analysis of different types of crowds on street environment element selection behaviors;
and 8: environmental elements in specific actual streets in the city are investigated, a comprehensive evaluation scale is obtained through the utility function statistics of an SP method, and an improvement effect evaluation scale can also be obtained through calculation of the streets with the improvement requirements;
and step 9: and analyzing by using ArcGIS software to obtain an overall evaluation graph of the actual street environment in the city, only reserving a street network on the graph through an ArcGIS operation graph layer, determining the grade according to the utility value in the evaluation result, using four colors as representatives of the four grades in the ArcGIS to fill different city streets, and finally forming the overall current situation evaluation graph of the visualized street environment and the improved effect evaluation graph.
Preferably, step 1 is specifically:
the specific method for pre-surveying and obtaining the main elements affecting the street environment and the level setting thereof may be: the method comprises the steps of capturing network interest point big data of a local city street environment according to an automatic network crawler program WebSpider, integrating local city planning and environment element opinions which are determined by experts in the building field and are most representative of the local city street, selecting a block which is most representative of the local city, and screening and classifying the environment elements of the local city street for determining main elements influencing the street environment and level setting of the main elements.
Preferably, the step 2 specifically comprises:
orthogonal experimental Design is carried out through SPSS software, Data-Orthogonal Design-generator is selected in statistical software SPSS Statistics 23, and what pops up is an Orthogonal Design window: click on Factor name box: inputting A: clicking on the ADD button: click on Define value button: inputting 1, 2 and 3 in the first three rows of the Value column respectively, and clicking the continue button, so that a variable A is defined;
2-3 levels of variables B and I C are defined, click OK is carried out, the system outputs a newly defined data set, the first variables are variables such as A, B, C to be analyzed, and all levels are arranged according to the requirements of orthogonal design.
Preferably, the orthogonal design analysis is performed with a GLM module, which specifically operates as follows: selecting dependent variables from an Analyze-General Linear Model-uniform.
In the process, the control element variables are not required to be excessive and are 10 at most.
Preferably, the step 3 specifically comprises:
firstly, importing point cloud measurement data of a vehicle-mounted ground laser radar into three-dimensional real scene modeling software for air-ground integrated real scene rendering modeling through unmanned aerial vehicle aviation inclination measurement, handheld ground GPS attitude camera measurement and the vehicle-mounted ground GPS so as to realize organic fusion of multi-source real data, importing an Unreal Engine 5 virtual Engine and constructing a virtual reality VR urban scene; the three-dimensional live-action modeling software comprises a Context Capture, a PIX4D MAPPER and a PHOTOSCAN.
Preferably, the step 4 specifically includes:
after the virtual simulation scheme scene of the urban street environment is constructed, a questionnaire should be designed according to the environment elements of the virtual scheme. Then, random samples are found, wherein the random samples comprise different types of crowds, a basic information questionnaire part of a person is filled in, the random samples are used for carrying out VR glasses adaptation for a certain time after the crowds are classified, and then formal experiments are carried out; in the VR formal experience process, the experiment sample can reply to the problem of an experimenter through interview, or the sp environment preference selection questionnaire part is finally completed in a pen-answering mode after VR experience is finished. Preferably, the step 5 specifically comprises:
after collecting questionnaire sample data, firstly, carrying out reliability and effectiveness analysis to determine the number of effective samples and the effective rate; the interviewed population is required to cover teenagers, middle aged and elderly populations; the sample is relatively balanced in proportion of people such as class proportion, residence time and the like, namely the integral structure of the sample is relatively balanced to meet the requirement of model analysis, then model fitting is carried out on the selected records of the virtual city street environment for a plurality of times, and a discrete selection model is established.
Preferably, the step 6 specifically includes:
constructing a utility function through model fitting, studying and judging the weight relation of each influencing element, and selecting a walking environment scene with the maximum utility by a pedestrian according to a random utility theory of a discrete selection model, wherein the walking environment utility is defined as:
wherein V is the total utility obtained by the walker from the walking environment, and α i represents the utility coefficient of each walking environment variable xi;
and (3) performing virtual variable processing on qualitative variables, possibly causing the statistical significance of part of urban street environment variables in a model fitting result to be insufficient, sequentially removing unremarkable variables according to the sequence of the significance from large to small, and re-modeling until all the variables are significant, wherein the significance is less than 0.1, so that the model is simplified.
Preferably, the step 7 specifically includes:
the influence degrees of the urban street environment elements are reflected by the absolute values of the variable coefficients and are sequentially arranged from large to small according to the absolute values to obtain the influence degree sequence of the environment elements, so that the preference degree of the general population for the street environment element selection behavior is reflected;
comparing model results of different samples in various aspects such as gender, age, region and the like, and if the model fitting degree is superior to the overall sample result, comparing the model interpretation ability of the whole sample, accurately reflecting the preference characteristics of various populations.
Preferably, the step 8 specifically includes:
taking the longest possible road section of the urban street environment at the same level as a basic unit, segmenting and numbering, evaluating the environmental quality of the urban street, and on the basis of quantifying street environmental elements, combining a discrete selection model, evaluating the environmental utility of the urban street and taking the environmental utility as an evaluation result;
the optimal road section utility and the worst road section utility are used as a maximum value and a minimum value, four value intervals are averagely divided, the walking environment is divided into four grades of 'excellent', 'good', 'medium' and 'poor', the current street environment is integrally evaluated, the implementation effect of the walking environment improvement measure is estimated based on walking environment element parameters in the model and 'pedestrian utility improvement maximization' as a target, and finally, a comprehensive evaluation scale and an improvement effect evaluation scale can be formed based on Stata SE V15.1 software statistics.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention combines the traditional SP research method with the VR virtual reality technology to generate a new breakthrough and applies the new breakthrough to a street environment quality evaluation system. The invention breaks through the limitations of the authenticity and the view angle range of a grammar or a virtual street view picture for evaluation in the traditional SP questionnaire, adopts the VR equipment to establish the evaluation method of the urban virtual street space scheme from a three-dimensional angle, strengthens the authenticity and the scene sense of the virtual scheme, realizes the pre-evaluation of the viewpoint full coverage and the simulation scheme, reduces the evaluation errors of different groups according to subjective experience, and further improves the authenticity and the accuracy of the SP investigation method.
After different types of people pass VR virtual experience, the method can be combined with an SP questionnaire to participate in qualitative and quantitative evaluation of street space. Through specific investigation and research on the environmental elements of the actual streets of the city, quantitative comprehensive evaluation and improvement effect evaluation can be formed finally, and an integral evaluation graph can be formed through ArcGIS software. The research result is intuitive and practical, and can be directly applied to the actual project of street reconstruction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a street environment quality evaluation method based on VR panoramic visual perception.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a street environment quality evaluation method based on VR panoramic visual perception, which includes the following steps:
step 1: acquiring main elements and level settings influencing the street environment through pre-investigation;
the method comprises the steps of firstly, conducting pre-investigation in a mode of interviewing by experts and users to obtain main elements influencing street environment and level setting thereof;
in step 1, the specific method for performing the pre-survey to obtain the main elements affecting the street environment and the level settings thereof may be: the method comprises the steps of capturing big data of a Point of Interest (Point of Interest) of a local city street environment according to an automatic web crawler program WebSpider, integrating local city planning and environment element opinions which are most representative of the local city street and are determined by experts in the building field, selecting a block which is most representative of the local city, screening and classifying the local city street environment elements, and determining main elements influencing the street environment and level setting thereof.
Step 2: orthogonal experimental design is carried out through SPSS software, a few most representative preference options are extracted, a certain number of representative virtual street view scheme combinations are generated, and a questionnaire is designed.
In step 2, the orthogonal experimental design is an efficient and rapid multi-factor experimental design method which utilizes a set of normalized orthogonal tables to uniformly match and reasonably arrange experimental factors and combinations among levels, and provides sufficient useful information by using fewer representative processing combination numbers. Selecting Data-Orthogonal Design-generator in statistical software SPSS statics 23, and popping up an Orthogonal Design window: click on Factor name box: inputting A: clicking on the ADD button: click on Define value button: the variable A is defined by inputting 1, 2 and 3 in the first three rows of the Value column and clicking the continue button. 2-3 levels of variables B, | C, etc. are defined in a similar manner. On OK, the system outputs a newly defined data set, the first few variables are A, B, C, etc. to be analyzed, and the levels have been arranged as required by the orthogonal design. Then orthogonal design analysis is performed by using a GLM module, and the specific operation is as follows: dependent variables were selected for the Analyze-General Linear Model-univariate. And then entering a model button to set a model, setting the model as custom, and then selecting the main effect and interaction to be analyzed. Then, the desired result can be obtained. In the process, the control element variables are not too much, the maximum number is about 10, otherwise, the orthogonal scheme is too much generated, the required experiment times and the number of samples are greatly increased, and the operation difficulty is increased.
And step 3: building a virtual simulation scheme scene of the urban street environment by VR panorama modeling rendering and by means of VR panorama equipment and a related technology platform;
in step 3, the specific method of the virtual reality VR city may be: firstly, importing point cloud measurement data of a vehicle-mounted ground laser radar into three-dimensional real scene modeling software for air-ground integrated real scene rendering modeling through unmanned aerial vehicle aviation inclination measurement, handheld ground GPS attitude camera measurement and the vehicle-mounted ground GPS so as to realize organic fusion of multi-source real data, importing an Unreal Engine 5 virtual Engine and constructing a virtual reality VR urban scene; the three-dimensional live-action modeling software comprises a Context Capture, a PIX4D MAPPER, a PHOTOSCAN and the like.
And 4, step 4: experiencing urban VR panoramic virtual simulation streets by wearing VR helmets, selecting a virtual scheme according to personal preference, and designing an investigation questionnaire;
in step 4, after the virtual simulation scenario of the city street environment is constructed, a questionnaire should be designed according to the environment elements of the virtual scenario. Then, random samples are found, wherein the random samples comprise different types of crowds, a basic information questionnaire part of a person is filled in, the random samples are used for carrying out VR glasses adaptation for a certain time after the crowds are classified, and then formal experiments are carried out; in the VR formal experience process, the experiment sample can reply to the problem of an experimenter through interview, or the sp environment preference selection questionnaire part is finally completed in a pen-answering mode after VR experience is finished. The visual image, the body movement rule and the abnormal special condition of the experiencer are observed in real time through the monitoring end, the field experience of the experiencer is recorded by the wide-angle camera, the experimental process is reviewed and checked after the experiment, the experimental sample data is corrected and supplemented in time, and the visual perception precision is improved. Note that the audio and video recording is recommended in the experiment process, the limb actions, the visual field turning and the interview recording of the experimenter in the whole process are recorded, and the subjective errors of the questionnaire data of the experiment sample can be properly corrected.
And 5: in combination with the research theory of the narrative Preference Method (SP), statistical software Stata SE V15.1 is adopted to process questionnaire data to establish a discrete selection model.
In step 5, after collecting questionnaire sample data, firstly, reliability and effectiveness analysis is performed to determine the number of effective samples and the effective rate. The visited population is required to cover teenagers, middle aged and elderly populations. The sample is relatively balanced in proportion of people, such as grade proportion, residence time and the like, namely the integral structure of the sample is relatively balanced to meet the requirement of model analysis. And then model fitting is carried out on the virtual city street environment selection records for a plurality of times, and a discrete selection model is established.
And 6: constructing a utility function through model fitting, studying and judging the weight relation of each influence element, and selecting a walking environment scene with the maximum utility by pedestrians according to a random utility theory of a discrete selection model;
in step 6, the walking environment utility is defined as:
wherein: v is the total effectiveness that the walker can obtain from the walking environment, and α i represents the effectiveness coefficient of each walking environment variable xi. And performing virtual variable processing on the qualitative variable.
And (3) possibly causing the statistical significance of part of urban street environment variables to be insufficient in the model fitting result, sequentially removing the unremarkable variables according to the sequence of the significance from large to small, and re-modeling until all the variables are significant (the significance is less than 0.1), thereby simplifying the model.
And 7: arranging the absolute values of the weight relations from large to small in sequence to obtain preference analysis of different types of crowds on street environment element selection behaviors;
in step 7, the influence degrees of the environmental elements of the city streets are reflected by the absolute values of the variable coefficients and are sequentially arranged from large to small according to the absolute values, so that the influence degree sequence of the environmental elements can be obtained, and the preference degree of the general population on the selection behavior of the environmental elements of the streets can be reflected. Meanwhile, the further study on the leisure walking environment preference of different crowds is helpful for deeply understanding the diversity of city street environment selection behaviors. For example, the model results in various aspects such as gender, age, region and the like of different samples are compared, if the model fitting degree is better than the overall sample result, the interpretation capability is better compared with the full sample model, and the preference characteristics of various types of people are more accurately reflected. As can be seen from the model coefficients, the concerned city street environment elements of different types of people are different, and the preference degrees of the concerned city street environment elements are different.
And 8: environmental elements in specific actual streets in the city are investigated, a comprehensive evaluation scale is obtained through the utility function statistics of an SP method, and an improvement effect evaluation scale can also be obtained through calculation of the streets with the improvement requirements;
in step 8, the actual city block is selected as a research case, and the model result is applied for analysis and evaluation. And taking the longest possible road section of the urban street environment of the same level as a basic unit, segmenting and numbering. And (3) evaluating the environmental quality of the urban street, wherein the environmental utility of the urban street is estimated and used as an evaluation result by combining a discrete selection model on the basis of quantifying the street environmental elements. In view of the preference of people to move on the side where the street environment is relatively good, the side where the street environment element level is high is selected for evaluation. The theoretical optimal road section utility and the worst road section utility are used as a maximum value and a minimum value, four value intervals are averagely divided, the walking environment is divided into four grades of 'excellent', 'good', 'medium', 'poor', and the current situation of the street environment is integrally evaluated. Based on the walking environment element parameters in the model, the implementation effect of the walking environment improvement measure can be further estimated with the goal of "maximizing the pedestrian utility". And finally, a comprehensive evaluation scale and an improvement effect evaluation scale can be formed based on Stata SE V15.1 software statistics.
And step 9: and analyzing by using ArcGIS software to obtain an overall evaluation graph of the actual street environment in the city, only reserving a street network on the graph through an ArcGIS operation graph layer, determining the grade according to the utility value in the evaluation result, using four colors as representatives of the four grades in the ArcGIS to fill different city streets, and finally forming the overall current situation evaluation graph of the visualized street environment and the improved effect evaluation graph.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the street environment quality evaluation method based on VR panoramic visual perception, and the protection scope of the street environment quality evaluation method based on VR panoramic visual perception is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and variations which do not depart from the gist of the invention will be those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains and which are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A street environment quality evaluation method based on VR panoramic visual perception is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring main elements and level settings influencing the street environment through pre-investigation;
step 2: orthogonal design is carried out, the most representative preference option is extracted, and a certain number of representative virtual street view scheme combinations of a certain measure are generated;
and step 3: building a virtual simulation scheme scene of the urban street environment by VR panorama modeling rendering and by means of VR panorama equipment and a related technology platform;
and 4, step 4: experiencing urban VR panoramic virtual simulation streets by wearing VR helmets, selecting a virtual scheme according to personal preference, and designing an investigation questionnaire;
and 5: processing questionnaire data by adopting statistical software Stata SE V15.1, and establishing a discrete selection model;
step 6: constructing a utility function through model fitting, studying and judging the weight relation of each influencing element, and selecting a walking environment scene with the maximum utility by pedestrians according to a random utility theory of a discrete selection model;
and 7: arranging the absolute values of the weight relations from large to small in sequence to obtain preference analysis of different types of crowds on street environment element selection behaviors;
and 8: environmental elements in specific actual streets in the city are investigated, a comprehensive evaluation scale is obtained through the utility function statistics of an SP method, and an improvement effect evaluation scale can also be obtained through calculation of the streets with the improvement requirements;
and step 9: and analyzing by using ArcGIS software to obtain an overall evaluation graph of the actual street environment in the city, only reserving a street network on the graph through an ArcGIS operation graph layer, determining the grade according to the utility value in the evaluation result, using four colors as representatives of the four grades in the ArcGIS to fill different city streets, and finally forming the overall current situation evaluation graph of the visualized street environment and the improved effect evaluation graph.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the VR panoramic visual perception-based street environment quality assessment method comprises: the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
the specific method for pre-surveying and obtaining the main elements affecting the street environment and the level setting thereof may be: the method comprises the steps of capturing network interest point big data of a local city street environment according to an automatic network crawler program Web Spider, integrating local city planning and environment element opinions which are determined by experts in the building field and are most representative of the local city street, selecting a block which is most representative of the local city, and screening and classifying the environment elements of the local city street for determining main elements influencing the street environment and level setting thereof.
3. The VR panorama visual perception-based street environment quality evaluation method of claim 2, wherein: the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
orthogonal experimental Design is carried out through SPSS software, Data-Orthogonal Design-generator is selected in statistical software SPSS Statistics 23, and what pops up is an Orthogonal Design window: click on Factor name box: inputting A: clicking on the ADD button: click on Define value button: inputting 1, 2 and 3 in the first three rows of the Value column respectively, and clicking the continue button, so that a variable A is defined;
defining 2-3 levels of variables B and C, clicking OK, outputting a newly defined data set by the system, wherein the first variables are variables to be analyzed, such as A, B, C, and the levels are arranged according to the requirements of orthogonal design.
4. The VR panoramic visual perception-based street environment quality evaluation method of claim 3, wherein the VR panoramic visual perception-based street environment quality evaluation method comprises the following steps: orthogonal design analysis was performed using a GLM module, and the specific operations were as follows: selecting dependent variables from an Analyze-General Linear Model-uniform.
In the process, the control element variables are not required to be excessive and are 10 at most.
5. The VR panoramic visual perception-based street environment quality evaluation method of claim 4, wherein the VR panoramic visual perception-based street environment quality evaluation method comprises the following steps: the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, importing point cloud measurement data of a vehicle-mounted ground laser radar into three-dimensional real scene modeling software for air-ground integrated real scene rendering modeling through unmanned aerial vehicle aviation inclination measurement, handheld ground GPS attitude camera measurement and the vehicle-mounted ground GPS so as to realize organic fusion of multi-source real data, importing an Unreal Engine 5 virtual Engine and constructing a virtual reality VR urban scene; the three-dimensional live-action modeling software comprises a Context Capture, a PIX4D MAPPER and a PHOTOSCAN.
6. The VR panoramic visual perception-based street environment quality evaluation method of claim 5, wherein the VR panoramic visual perception-based street environment quality evaluation method comprises the following steps: the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
after the scene of the virtual simulation scheme of the urban street environment is constructed, a questionnaire is designed according to the environment elements of the virtual scheme, then random samples are found, wherein the random samples comprise different types of crowds, and the basic information questionnaire part of the people is filled in for classifying the crowds, then the experiment samples are adapted to VR glasses for a certain time, and then formal experiments are carried out; in the VR formal experience process, the experiment sample can reply to the problem of an experimenter through interview, or the sp environment preference selection questionnaire part is finally completed in a pen-answering mode after VR experience is finished.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the street environment quality evaluation method based on VR panoramic visual perception is characterized in that: the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps:
after collecting questionnaire sample data, firstly, carrying out reliability and effectiveness analysis to determine the number of effective samples and the effective rate; the interviewed population is required to cover teenagers, middle aged and elderly populations; the sample is relatively balanced in proportion of people such as class proportion, residence time and the like, namely the integral structure of the sample is relatively balanced to meet the requirement of model analysis, then model fitting is carried out on the selected records of the virtual city street environment for a plurality of times, and a discrete selection model is established.
8. The VR panorama visual perception-based street environment quality evaluation method of claim 7, wherein: the step 6 specifically comprises the following steps:
constructing a utility function through model fitting, studying and judging the weight relation of each influencing element, and selecting a walking environment scene with the maximum utility by a pedestrian according to a random utility theory of a discrete selection model, wherein the walking environment utility is defined as:
wherein V is the total utility obtained by the walker from the walking environment, and α i represents the utility coefficient of each walking environment variable xi;
and (3) performing virtual variable processing on qualitative variables, possibly causing the statistical significance of part of urban street environment variables in a model fitting result to be insufficient, sequentially removing unremarkable variables according to the sequence of the significance from large to small, and re-modeling until all the variables are significant, wherein the significance is less than 0.1, so that the model is simplified.
9. The VR panorama visual perception-based street environment quality evaluation method of claim 8, wherein: the step 7 specifically comprises:
the influence degrees of the urban street environment elements are reflected by the absolute values of the variable coefficients and are sequentially arranged from large to small according to the absolute values to obtain the influence degree sequence of the environment elements, so that the preference degree of the general population for the street environment element selection behavior is reflected;
comparing model results of different samples in various aspects such as gender, age, region and the like, and if the model fitting degree is superior to the overall sample result, comparing the model interpretation ability of the whole sample, accurately reflecting the preference characteristics of various populations.
10. The VR panorama visual perception-based street environment quality evaluation method of claim 9, wherein: the step 8 specifically comprises the following steps:
taking the longest possible road section of the urban street environment at the same level as a basic unit, segmenting and numbering, evaluating the environmental quality of the urban street, and on the basis of quantifying street environment elements, combining a discrete selection model, evaluating the utility of the urban street environment and taking the utility as an evaluation result;
the optimal road section utility and the worst road section utility are used as a maximum value and a minimum value, four value intervals are averagely divided, the walking environment is divided into four grades of 'excellent', 'good', 'medium', 'poor', and the current street environment is integrally evaluated, the implementation effect of the walking environment improvement measure is estimated based on the walking environment element parameters in the model and the 'pedestrian utility improvement maximization' as the target, and finally, a comprehensive evaluation scale and an improvement effect evaluation scale can be formed based on Stata SE V15.1 software statistics.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116415756A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-07-11 | 深圳市友昆标识制造有限公司 | Urban virtual scene experience management system based on VR technology |
| CN116415756B (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-10-03 | 深圳市友昆标识制造有限公司 | Urban virtual scene experience management system based on VR technology |
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