CN114427136B - Fiber hot stretching and shaping device and stretching method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of filament production, and particularly relates to a fiber hot stretching and shaping device. The fiber hot stretching shaping device comprises: a heater; the oil tank is placed on the heater, the top is provided with an oil filler, and the central position in the top surface of the oil tank is downwards sunken to form a heating groove. The device provided by the invention has a simple structure and is convenient to operate.

Description

Fiber hot stretching and shaping device and stretching method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of filament production, and particularly relates to a fiber hot stretching and shaping device and a fiber hot stretching method.

Background

The polyvinyl alcohol fiber (PVA fiber for short) is a synthetic fiber which is processed by adopting a specific technology and takes polyvinyl alcohol as a raw material.

The original application of polyvinyl alcohol fiber is that its properties are similar to cotton, but its strength, abrasion resistance, sun-proof, corrosion resistance are more excellent, and specific gravity is lighter ("polyvinyl alcohol fiber application and research progress", zhao Xing et al, tianjin textile science and technology, 45 volume, 1 st, 9 page left column, 2 nd paragraph, 1-3 rows, publication day 2007, 4 month, 23 days). In addition, the polyvinyl alcohol fiber has the advantages of large modulus, low extensibility, high impact strength, good weather resistance, good water absorption, acid resistance and alkali resistance ("research progress of high-strength high-modulus polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber", li Mingxing, etc., synthetic fiber, 1 st stage in 2003, 3 rd paragraph 1-3 line in left column of page 21, publication date, 12 months, 31 days in 2003).

Currently, polyvinyl alcohol fibers are widely used in fields of environmental protection, metallurgy, pharmacy, industrial catalysts, reinforcement, fishery, packaging, ion exchange, textile and the like, fire protection, military industry, metallurgy and the like ("modification and application of polyvinyl alcohol fibers", feng Changgen and the like, chemical development, 23 rd volume, 1 st phase, 80 th left column, 1 st section, 5-8 th rows, publication date, 12 th month, 31 th days, and "polyvinyl alcohol fiber application and research development", zhao Xing and the like, tianjin textile science and technology, 45 th volume, 1 st phase, 9 th right column, 1 st to 7 th rows, 11 th right column, 2 nd columns, 1 to 2 th rows, 12 th left column, 2 nd columns, 1 to 3 rows, publication date, 2007, 4 th month, 23 days).

In the preparation process of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber, dry-heat stretching is needed to realize the performance of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber in the aspect of high strength and high modulus. In general, in the dry heat stretching process, the degree of orientation and crystallinity of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber are both increased with an increase in the stretching ratio, and at the same time, the dry break strength and young's modulus of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber are also increased. Specifically, the dry heat stretching of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is carried out at a high temperature of 220 to 230 ℃ at which the fiber is in a nearly molten state, and the dry heat stretching ratio is generally 3 to 3.5 times. After the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is stretched by dry heat, the macromolecules of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber are changed from a curled state to a straightened state, and the state is unstable due to the existence of internal stress of the fiber. Therefore, in order to eliminate the internal stress, consolidate the stretching effect, it is also necessary to heat-set the fibers.

At present, the stretching and heat setting equipment of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber has the following defects: the initial temperature fluctuation of operation is great, and the energy consumption is high, and the operation is loaded down with trivial details when needs to carry out tensile heat setting test to a certain section fiber sample alone, perhaps even can not realize.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a fiber hot stretching and shaping device.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a fiber hot stretch forming apparatus comprising:

a heater;

the oil tank is placed on the heater, the top is provided with the oil filler, the central point department of oil tank top surface central point is sunken downwards and is formed the heating tank.

Further, the heating groove is a V-shaped groove.

Further, the bottom of the heating tank is arc-shaped.

Further, the surface roughness Ra of the bottom of the heating groove is less than or equal to 0.2.

Further, a length scale mark is arranged at a position, close to the bottom of the groove, on the groove wall at one side of the heating groove, and the length scale mark is arranged along the extending direction of the heating groove.

Further, a thermometer is arranged in the oil tank.

Further, a sealing valve is arranged at the oil filling port.

The invention also aims at protecting a fiber hot stretching shaping method, which uses the device to stretch the fiber.

Further, the fiber hot stretching and shaping method comprises the following steps:

injecting heat conducting oil into the oil tank;

heating the heat conduction oil to 80-230 ℃ by a heater;

uniformly contacting the fibers with a heating tank until the fibers are softened;

slowly stretching the fiber to a preset stretching end point,

the tension is kept unchanged until the fiber is set and the fiber is taken out.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the device has accurate temperature control and good stability, and does not have the problem of large temperature fluctuation.

The device has simple structure and low manufacturing cost; the operation is convenient and fast, and one person can easily finish the operation.

The device provided by the invention can be used for independently carrying out a stretching heat setting test on a certain section of fiber sample.

The device has wide application range and can be used for hot stretching and shaping of various fibers.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of example 1, wherein,

1. the fuel tank is characterized by comprising a fuel tank, wherein the fuel tank is 2 provided with a fuel filler, the fuel tank is 3 provided with a heating tank, the heater is 4 provided with a heater, and the thermometer is 5 provided with a thermometer;

fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a heating tank in example 1, wherein,

3. for the heating tank 31 is an arc-shaped part.

Detailed Description

The examples are presented for better illustration of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to the examples. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and adaptations of the embodiments described above are possible in light of the above teachings and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Example 1

The fiber hot stretching and shaping device shown in fig. 1 comprises:

a heater 4;

the oil tank 1 is arranged on the heater 4, the top of the oil tank is provided with an oil filling port 2, and the central position of the top surface of the oil tank 1 is downwards sunken to form a heating groove 3;

the heating groove 3 is a V-shaped groove;

the bottom of the heating tank 3 is arc-shaped 31 (shown in figure 2);

the surface roughness Ra of the bottom of the heating groove 3 is less than or equal to 0.2;

a length scale mark is arranged on the groove wall of one side of the heating groove 3 and close to the groove bottom, and the length scale mark is arranged along the extending direction of the heating groove 3;

a thermometer 5 is arranged in the oil tank, and the measuring range of the thermometer 5 is larger than 230 ℃;

a sealing valve is arranged at the oil filling port 2;

in this embodiment, specifically, the oil tank 1 is cylindrical, and the heater 4 is an electric furnace.

When the device of the embodiment is used for stretching fibers, a sealing valve is opened, 320# mineral heat conduction oil (the temperature is lower than 300 ℃ and the device can be stably used) is injected into an oil tank 1, then the sealing valve is closed, the electric furnace is used for heating to 80-230 ℃, the two ends of the fibers are pulled by hands, the fibers are uniformly contacted with a heating tank 3 for 3-5S, the heat of the heat conduction oil is transferred to the fibers through the heating tank 3, so that the fibers are softened, the fibers are slowly stretched, and when a preset stretching end point is reached, the fibers are heat-set in the heating tank for 2-3S while the tension is kept unchanged.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. The fiber hot stretching setting device is characterized by comprising:

a heater;

the oil tank is arranged on the heater, the top of the oil tank is provided with an oil filling port, and the central position of the top surface of the oil tank is downwards sunken to form a heating groove; the heating groove is a V-shaped groove.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the heating tank is arcuate.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface roughness Ra of the bottom of the heating tank is 0.2 or less.

4. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that a length scale mark is provided on the wall of the heating tank at a position near the tank bottom on one side of the heating tank, the length scale mark being provided along the extending direction of the heating tank.

5. The device of claim 4, wherein a thermometer is disposed within the oil tank.

6. The device of claim 5, wherein a sealing valve is provided at the filler port.

7. A method for hot drawing and setting a fiber, characterized in that the fiber is drawn using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The method according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:

injecting heat conducting oil into the oil tank;

heating the heat conduction oil to 80-230 ℃ by a heater;

uniformly contacting the fibers with a heating tank until the fibers are softened;

stretching the fiber to a preset stretching end point,

the tension is kept unchanged until the fiber is set and the fiber is taken out.

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