CN114427061B - Tough high-chromium cast segment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Tough high-chromium cast segment and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114427061B CN114427061B CN202111598107.7A CN202111598107A CN114427061B CN 114427061 B CN114427061 B CN 114427061B CN 202111598107 A CN202111598107 A CN 202111598107A CN 114427061 B CN114427061 B CN 114427061B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tough high-chromium casting section, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.0-2.5% of C, 0.6-0.8% of Si, 0.4-0.6% of Mn, 18-23% of Cr, 0.2-0.25% of Ti, 0.8-1.0% of Nb, 0.006-0.008% of nano TiC particles, 0.15-0.2% of La and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the tough high-chromium casting section. The invention has the advantages of refining grains, inhibiting carbide growth, promoting carbide isolation and dispersion, improving interface combination of the wear-resistant phase and the matrix, ensuring that the cast iron matrix has good toughness, providing support for the wear-resistant phase, and improving wear resistance, so that the cast iron has good toughness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-chromium cast iron, in particular to a tough high-chromium cast section and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-chromium cast iron has excellent wear resistance under the conditions of low stress and low impact and also has the advantage of mud erosion resistance. The high-chromium cast iron is widely applied to industries such as machinery, metallurgy, mining industry and the like.
It was found that the fracture toughness of high chromium cast iron has a greater effect on wear resistance than hardness. This is because toughness is determined by mechanical strength and ductility, and too great a strength and too small a ductility or too great a strength and too large a ductility adversely affect wear resistance. The good wear resistance of the high chromium cast iron comes from the hard phase M 7 C 3 (m=fe, cr). And M in high chromium cast iron 7 C 3 The properties such as hardness and toughness are greatly affected by the content, size, dispersion and the like of the carbide. In the preparation process of the high-chromium cast iron, M 7 C 3 The growth rate is fast, if not controlled, M 7 C 3 The growth is too coarse, which can cause the toughness of the high-chromium cast iron to be greatly reduced, and the high-chromium cast iron is extremely likely to be peeled off, broken and failed in the friction and abrasion process, so that the service life and the service cycle of the equipment wear-resistant piece are shortened, and the toughness and the wear resistance of the high-chromium cast iron are required to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a wear-resistant high-chromium casting section and a preparation method thereof, and the invention has the advantages of refining grains, inhibiting carbide growth, promoting carbide isolation and dispersion, improving interface combination of a wear-resistant phase and a matrix, ensuring that the cast iron matrix has good toughness, providing support for the wear-resistant phase, and improving wear resistance, so that the cast iron has good toughness.
The invention provides a tough high-chromium casting section, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.0-2.5% of C, 0.6-0.8% of Si, 0.4-0.6% of Mn, 18-23% of Cr, 0.2-0.25% of Ti, 0.8-1.0% of Nb, 0.006-0.008% of nano TiC particles, 0.15-0.2% of La and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Preferably, the components of the composition comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 2.2% of C, 0.7% of Si, 0.5% of Mn, 20% of Cr, 0.2% of Ti, 0.8% of Nb, 0.007% of nano TiC particles, 0.16% of La and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The grain diameter of the nano TiC particles is less than or equal to 60nm.
The inventor adds proper rare earth La, which can reduce the growth speed of carbide, so that the carbide is isolated and dispersed and uniformly distributed, thereby improving the wear resistance and toughness of cast iron.
The inventor adds Nb and Ti, and adjusts the proportion of the Nb and the Ti, so that (Nb, ti) C with strong nucleation capability can be formed, the growth of carbide is inhibited, the carbide is refined, the toughness of a matrix is improved, the transformation from austenite to martensite is promoted, and the hardness is improved.
The inventor also adds a proper amount of nano TiC particles, which can inhibit the growth of crystal grains and refine the crystal grains, thereby improving the toughness of the matrix, changing the carbide from continuous distribution to dispersion, improving the dispersity of the carbide, eliminating the brittleness of the continuous carbide and improving the toughness.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the tough high-chromium casting section, which comprises the following steps:
s1, casting molten iron into a die with nano TiC particles coated on the surface to form a casting section, wherein the component proportion of the casting section is as that of the tough high-chromium casting section;
s2, heating the casting section in the step S1 to austenitize, quenching, tempering, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the tough high-chromium casting section.
Preferably, in S1, the casting temperature is 1450-1480 ℃.
Preferably, in S2, the austenitizing heating procedure is: heating to 940-960 deg.c at 3-4 deg.c/min and maintaining for 2-3 hr.
Preferably, in S2, the quenching is air-cooled to room temperature.
Preferably, in S2, the tempering temperature is 300-350 ℃ and the tempering time is 3.5-4.5h.
In addition, the addition of Nb and Ti can cause the increase of the content of the residual austenite, and the inventor selects a proper heat treatment process according to the formula to reduce the content of the residual austenite and make the abrasion-resistant phase metallurgically bond with the matrix, thereby improving the abrasion resistance.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention adds a proper amount of rare earth La, which can reduce the growth speed of carbide, so that the carbide is isolated and dispersed and uniformly distributed, thereby improving the wear resistance and toughness of cast iron; nb and Ti are added, and the proportion of the Nb and the Ti is regulated, so that (Nb, ti) C with strong nucleation capability can be formed, the growth of carbide is inhibited, the carbide is refined, the toughness of a matrix is improved, the transformation from austenite to martensite is promoted, and the hardness is improved; in addition, by adding a proper amount of nano TiC particles, the growth of crystal grains can be inhibited, and the crystal grains can be thinned, so that the toughness of a matrix is improved, the carbide is changed from continuous distribution to dispersion, the dispersity of the carbide is improved, the brittleness of the continuous carbide is eliminated, and the toughness is improved; in addition, the addition of Nb and Ti can cause the increase of the content of the residual austenite, and the inventor selects a proper heat treatment process according to the formula to reduce the content of the residual austenite and make the abrasion-resistant phase metallurgically bond with the matrix, thereby improving the abrasion resistance;
the invention has the advantages of refining grains, inhibiting carbide growth, promoting carbide isolation and dispersion, improving interface combination of the wear-resistant phase and the matrix, ensuring that the cast iron matrix has good toughness, providing support for the wear-resistant phase, and improving wear resistance, so that the cast iron has good toughness.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail through specific embodiments.
Examples 1 to 3, comparative examples 1 to 6
The formulations of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-6 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 formulations of examples 1-3, comparative examples 1-6 (balance Fe, unavoidable impurities)
The preparation methods of the above examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-6 are the same, and include the following steps:
s1, casting molten iron into a die with nano TiC particles coated on the surface to obtain a casting section (the diameter is 50mm and the length is 50 mm), wherein the composition ratio of the casting section is shown in the composition ratio of table 1, and the casting temperature is 1450-1480 ℃;
s2, heating the casting section in the step S1 to 940-960 ℃ at a speed of 3-4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3h to austenitize, then carrying out air cooling quenching to room temperature, placing the casting section in a tempering furnace at 300-350 ℃, preserving heat and tempering for 3.5-4.5h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the tough high-chromium casting section.
The cast segments prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were subjected to performance test, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Hardness testing was performed according to GB/T230.1-2018.
On an impact tester, a small pendulum bob is adopted to detect impact energy, the impact energy used by the to-be-tested sample to be broken is recorded, each group is detected for 3 times in parallel, and an average value is obtained.
The static load of the abrasion test is 1000g, each 30min is an abrasion period, each group of samples are abraded for 3 times, the mass change is weighed by a photoelectric analytical balance after each abrasion, and the abrasion resistance Ws=delta m/m, wherein delta m is the mass difference before and after abrasion, and mg; m is the original mass of the sample to be detected and mg.
TABLE 2 detection results
| Grouping | Surface hardness HRC | Core hardness HRC | Impact work J | Wear resistance |
| Example 1 | 67.0 | 65.8 | 3.23 | 1.7×10 -4 |
| Example 2 | 65.0 | 64.6 | 3.85 | 1.4×10 -4 |
| Example 3 | 66.5 | 65.7 | 3.80 | 1.2×10 -4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 65.1 | 63.2 | 3.19 | 2.0×10 -4 |
| Comparative example 2 | 65.9 | 64.1 | 3.25 | 1.8×10 -4 |
| Comparative example 3 | 66.0 | 64.9 | 3.31 | 1.7×10 -4 |
| Comparative example 4 | 62.5 | 59.3 | 2.33 | 2.5×10 -4 |
| Comparative example 5 | 64.9 | 64.0 | 3.35 | 1.7×10 -4 |
| Comparative example 6 | 65.2 | 63.1 | 1.54 | 2.8×10 -4 |
As can be seen from table 1, the invention provides good toughness and wear resistance by selecting a suitable formulation in combination with a suitable heat treatment process.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The tough high-chromium casting section is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 2.5% of C, 0.6-0.7% of Si, 0.4-0.6% of Mn, 18-23% of Cr, 0.2-0.25% of Ti, 0.8-1.0% of Nb, 0.006-0.008% of nano TiC particles, 0.15-0.2% of La and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the preparation method of the tough high-chromium casting section comprises the following steps:
s1, casting molten iron into a die with nano TiC particles coated on the surface to form a casting section, wherein the components of the casting section are such as the component proportion of the tough high-chromium casting section;
s2, heating the casting section in the step S1 to austenitize, quenching, tempering, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a tough high-chromium casting section;
in S1, casting temperature is 1450-1480 ℃;
in S2, the austenitizing heating procedure is: heating to 940 ℃ at a speed of 3-4 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2-3h;
in S2, quenching is air-cooled to room temperature;
in S2, the tempering temperature is 350 ℃, and the tempering time is 3.5h.
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| CN114427061B true CN114427061B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3615905A (en) * | 1969-06-30 | 1971-10-26 | Uddeholms Ab | Method of treating steel |
| CN101368248B (en) * | 2007-08-15 | 2010-07-21 | 北京北科德瑞冶金工程技术有限公司 | Heat-resisting alloy steel for grate plate and method of producing the same |
| CN100584982C (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2010-01-27 | 北京工业大学 | Boron-containing high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN104073709A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-10-01 | 汨罗市源峰耐磨材料有限公司 | High-chromium cast iron and carbide composite wear-resistant ball and preparation process thereof |
| CN106319334B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-06-29 | 湖南长高新材料股份有限公司 | High-chromium cast iron alloy material and its manufacturing method and application |
| CN111519087B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-10-22 | 湖南大学 | Preparation method of TiC particle reinforced high-chromium cast iron alloy material |
| CN112011723A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-01 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | Marebie-austenite complex phase high chromium multi-element alloy cast iron grinding ball |
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