CN114427019A - Heat treatment process for alloy steel flange groove - Google Patents
Heat treatment process for alloy steel flange groove Download PDFInfo
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- CN114427019A CN114427019A CN202111528365.8A CN202111528365A CN114427019A CN 114427019 A CN114427019 A CN 114427019A CN 202111528365 A CN202111528365 A CN 202111528365A CN 114427019 A CN114427019 A CN 114427019A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- alloy steel
- flange groove
- quenching
- steel flange
- laser
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
Abstract
The invention relates to a heat treatment process of an alloy steel flange groove, which is finished by taking the alloy steel flange groove and sequentially carrying out quenching and tempering, stress relief annealing and laser quenching. Compared with the prior art, the process can improve the hardness and the wear resistance of the vertical surface of the flange groove, and simultaneously ensure the dimensional accuracy and the surface quality before and after heat treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machine manufacturing, and relates to a heat treatment process for an alloy steel flange groove.
Background
The alloy steel flange is a common connecting piece in a mechanical mechanism and is widely applied. Some flanges of special use may have grooves, and to increase the dimensional accuracy during assembly and the wear resistance during actual use, the vertical faces of the grooves are subjected to a hardening heat treatment. Generally, oxyacetylene flame heating or high-frequency induction quenching is adopted. The oxyacetylene flame has large heat input quantity and high requirement on the proficiency of an operator, is easy to cause local micro-melting, and has large and irregular distortion. The high-frequency induction quenching has high heating speed and smaller distortion, but an induction coil with a special shape needs to be customized, the cost is high, the processing flexibility is poor, a non-hardening area is hardened along with the induction coil because the non-hardening area cannot be protected, and simultaneously, the sprayed quenching liquid can pollute the surface of a flange during cooling, which all have adverse effects on subsequent processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat treatment process for an alloy steel flange groove, which can improve the vertical face hardness and the wear resistance of the flange groove and ensure the dimensional accuracy and the surface quality before and after heat treatment.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a heat treatment process for an alloy steel flange groove is completed by taking the alloy steel flange groove and sequentially carrying out quenching and tempering, stress relief annealing and laser quenching.
Further, the quenching and tempering process comprises two working procedures of quenching and high-temperature tempering, wherein the quenching working procedure comprises the steps of heating the alloy steel flange groove, then preserving heat, and then carrying out oil quenching and cooling; and the high-temperature tempering process is to continuously heat and preserve the heat of the quenched alloy steel flange groove and discharge the alloy steel flange groove from the furnace for air cooling.
Furthermore, the specific process conditions in the quenching process are as follows: heating to 860 deg.C, and maintaining for 2 h. The oil temperature during oil quenching is 20-50 ℃.
Furthermore, the specific process conditions in the high-temperature tempering process are as follows: heating to 580-600 ℃, and preserving heat for 4 hours.
Further, the stress relief annealing process comprises: heating and preserving heat of the workpiece, and then discharging the workpiece from the furnace for air cooling.
Furthermore, the specific process conditions of the stress relief annealing are as follows: heating to 560 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 h.
Further, the laser quenching process is as follows: spraying laser paint on the hardening area (generally the vertical surface) of the alloy steel flange groove, covering the other non-hardening areas with copper foil, and then performing laser scanning by adopting a laser.
Furthermore, in the laser quenching process, the laser coating is a commercially available quenching coating special for CT-150 semiconductor laser, and the coating thickness is 0.03-0.06 mm.
Furthermore, in the laser quenching process, the covering thickness of the copper foil is 1-2 mm.
Furthermore, the laser is a semiconductor coupling optical fiber output laser system (other conventional lasers in the field which meet the corresponding use requirements can also be used in the market), the output power of the laser is 2.7-3.3KW, the scanning speed is 3-5mm/s, a rectangular light spot is adopted, and the size of the light spot is (3-5) × (3-10) mm.
In the present invention, laser quenching utilizes the focused high energy density (10)4-105W/cm2) A high coherence, high directionality laser beam rapidly scans the workpiece surface at a relatively fast speed (10)5-106Heating to the temperature of DEG C/s) and self-cooling quenching to form a hardening layer. The laser quenching can obviously improve the surface performance of the workpiece and has the excellent characteristics of small distortion, good processing flexibility, high surface quality, high automation degree, wide application range and the like. After laser quenching, a hardening zone can obtain a very fine martensite structure, the crystal grains are fine, the dislocation degree is high, the hardness is improved by about 15-20% compared with that of the conventional quenching, and as long as the process is proper, the surface after quenching is almost free from oxidation and decarburization, the surface roughness is almost unchanged, and the process can be used as the final working procedure of workpiece processing.
Compared with the prior art, the flange has good mechanical property and metallographic structure through quenching and tempering, residual processing stress of a flange groove is eliminated by adopting stress relief annealing, the vertical surface of the groove is hardened by adopting a laser quenching mode, the laser absorption efficiency of the surface of a workpiece is improved by CT-150 coating, and a non-quenched area is protected by copper foil. The process ensures that the vertical surface of the flange groove obtains a uniform and stable hardened layer, the hardness of a non-hardened area is almost unchanged, and simultaneously, the distortion of the whole flange is extremely small, and the dimensional stability is excellent. In addition, the process has the advantages of high automation degree, high processing efficiency, good processing flexibility, high quality stability, environmental protection and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all the materials, equipment and processing techniques are conventional and commercially available in the art.
Example one
The coupling flange is made of 35CrMo, the outer diameter is phi 350mm, the hardness after quenching and tempering is 22-27HRC, 16 grooves are uniformly distributed on the disc surface in a surrounding mode, the groove depth is 5mm, and the groove vertical surface hardness is 50-55 HRC.
The heat treatment process comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: and (6) quenching and tempering. Heating and quenching, namely heating the flange to 860 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, and performing oil quenching after discharging, wherein the oil temperature is 36 ℃.
High-temperature tempering, heating to 580 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, discharging and air cooling. The hardness after hardening and tempering is 24.5 HRC.
The second step: and (5) stress relief annealing. Heating the flange to 560 ℃ and preserving heat for 2h, discharging and air cooling.
The third step: and (4) laser quenching. Uniformly spraying a CT-150 coating with the thickness of 0.05mm on the vertical surface of the flange groove, and outputting a laser (with the maximum power of 4KW) by adopting an LASERLINE original LDF4000-400 semiconductor coupling optical fiber, wherein the output power is 2.7KW, the scanning speed is 4mm/s, and the rectangular light spot size is 3 multiplied by 5 mm. The non-quenched area is covered and protected by copper foil with the thickness of 1 mm.
After the process is finished, the hardness of the vertical surface of the flange groove is 51-53HRC, the hardness of the non-hardening area is 26.2HRC, and the maximum deformation of the disk surface is 0.05 mm.
Comparative example 1
The coupling flange is batched with the embodiment, the quenching and tempering treatment and the stress relief annealing with the same parameters are also adopted in the first two steps, and only the third step adopts high-frequency induction quenching (the current frequency is 150KHz, the quenching temperature is 900 ℃, quenching oil is used for cooling, and the quenching oil is heated to 180 ℃ for low-temperature tempering for 2 hours). After the process is finished, the hardness of the vertical surface of the flange groove is 48-51HRC, the hardness of the non-hardening area is 45HRC, and the maximum deformation of the flange disc surface is 0.65 mm. The amount of distortion is too large to allow subsequent processing.
Comparative example No. two
The coupler flanges are batched together with the embodiment, and the quenching and tempering and the laser quenching with the same parameters are adopted, so that the stress relief annealing process of the second step is omitted. After the process is finished, the hardness of the vertical surface of the flange groove is 48-51HRC, the hardness of the non-hardening area is 45HRC, and the maximum deformation of the flange disc surface is 0.17 mm. The amount of distortion is so large that the subsequent processing cannot be performed.
Example two
The coupling flange is made of 42CrMo, the outer diameter is phi 310mm, the hardness after hardening and tempering is 28-32HRC, 16 grooves are uniformly distributed on the disc surface in a surrounding mode, the groove depth is 7mm, and the groove vertical surface hardness is 53-58 HRC.
The heat treatment process comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: and (6) quenching and tempering. Heating and quenching, namely heating the flange to 860 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, and performing oil quenching after discharging, wherein the oil temperature is 28 ℃.
High-temperature tempering, heating to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, discharging and air cooling. The hardness after hardening and tempering is 30 HRC.
The second step is that: and (5) stress relief annealing. Heating the flange to 560 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 2h, discharging and air cooling.
The third step: and (3) laser quenching. Uniformly spraying CT-150 coating with the thickness of 0.05mm on the vertical surface of the flange groove, and outputting a laser (with the maximum power of 4KW) by adopting an LASERLINE original LDF4000-400 semiconductor coupling optical fiber, wherein the output power is 3.0KW, the scanning speed is 4mm/s, and the size of a rectangular light spot is 3 multiplied by 7 mm. The non-quenched area is covered and protected by copper foil with the thickness of 1 mm.
After the process is finished, the hardness of the vertical surface of the flange groove is 56-57HRC, the hardness of the non-hardening area is 31.8HRC, and the maximum deformation of the disc surface is 0.03 mm.
Comparative example No. three
The same batch of coupling flanges as the second embodiment are adopted, the quenching and tempering treatment and the stress relief annealing with the same parameters are also adopted in the first two steps, and only the third step adopts high-frequency induction quenching (the current frequency is 200KHz, the quenching temperature is 900 ℃, quenching oil is used for cooling, and the low-temperature tempering is carried out for 2 hours when the temperature is increased to 180 ℃). After the process is finished, the hardness of the vertical surface of the flange groove is 53-56HRC, the hardness of the non-hardening area is 49HRC, and the maximum deformation of the flange disc surface is 0.40 mm. The amount of distortion is too large to allow subsequent processing.
Comparative example No. four
The coupler flanges in the same batch as the coupler flanges in the embodiment are adopted, the quenching and tempering and the laser quenching with the same parameters are adopted, and the stress relief annealing process in the second step is omitted. After the process is finished, the hardness of the vertical surface of the flange groove is 55-57HRC, the hardness of the non-hardening area is 45HRC, and the maximum deformation of the flange disc surface is 0.16 mm. The amount of distortion is so large that the subsequent processing cannot be performed.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat treatment process for an alloy steel flange groove is characterized in that the alloy steel flange groove is taken and sequentially subjected to quenching and tempering, stress relief annealing and laser quenching, and then the process is completed.
2. The heat treatment process of the alloy steel flange groove according to claim 1, wherein the quenching and tempering process comprises two procedures of quenching and high-temperature tempering, wherein the quenching procedure comprises heating the alloy steel flange groove, then preserving heat, and then carrying out oil quenching and cooling; and the high-temperature tempering process is to continuously heat and preserve the heat of the quenched alloy steel flange groove and discharge the alloy steel flange groove from the furnace for air cooling.
3. The heat treatment process for the alloy steel flange groove according to claim 2, wherein the specific process conditions in the quenching process are as follows: heating to 860 deg.C, and maintaining for 2 h.
4. The heat treatment process for the alloy steel flange groove according to claim 2, wherein the specific process conditions in the high-temperature tempering process are as follows: heating to 580-600 ℃, and preserving heat for 4 hours.
5. The heat treatment process for the alloy steel flange groove according to claim 1, wherein the stress relief annealing process is as follows: heating and preserving heat of the workpiece, and then discharging the workpiece from the furnace for air cooling.
6. The heat treatment process for the alloy steel flange groove according to claim 5, wherein the specific process conditions of the stress relief annealing are as follows: heating to 560 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 h.
7. The heat treatment process for the alloy steel flange groove according to claim 1, wherein the laser quenching process is as follows: spraying laser paint on the hardening area of the alloy steel flange groove, covering the copper foil on the other non-hardening areas, and then carrying out laser scanning by adopting a laser.
8. The heat treatment process of the alloy steel flange groove according to claim 7, wherein in the laser quenching process, the laser coating is a special quenching coating for CT-150 semiconductor laser, and the coating thickness is 0.03-0.06 mm.
9. The heat treatment process for the alloy steel flange groove according to claim 7, wherein the covering thickness of the copper foil is 1-2 mm in the laser quenching process.
10. A heat treatment process for an alloy steel flange groove according to claim 7, characterized in that the laser is a semiconductor coupled fiber output laser system, the output power is 2.7-3.3KW, the scanning speed is 3-5mm/s, a rectangular light spot is adopted, and the size of the light spot is (3-5) × (3-10) mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111528365.8A CN114427019A (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Heat treatment process for alloy steel flange groove |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111528365.8A CN114427019A (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Heat treatment process for alloy steel flange groove |
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| CN114427019A true CN114427019A (en) | 2022-05-03 |
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| CN202111528365.8A Pending CN114427019A (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Heat treatment process for alloy steel flange groove |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090004088A1 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2009-01-01 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing an optical component of synthetic quartz glass with enhanced radiation resistance, and blank for producing the component |
| CN106755756A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Laser-quenching apparatus and method of a kind of bearing surface without tempering soft ribbons |
| CN107815588A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-03-20 | 张家港中环海陆特锻股份有限公司 | Wind power generating set yawing gear ring manufacturing process |
| CN109593919A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-09 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Bearing surface laser-quenching apparatus and method based on the scanning of Distributed Three-dimensional light beam |
| CN113699324A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-26 | 吉林省齐智科技有限公司 | Cast steel quenching and tempering heat treatment processing method |
-
2021
- 2021-12-14 CN CN202111528365.8A patent/CN114427019A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090004088A1 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2009-01-01 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing an optical component of synthetic quartz glass with enhanced radiation resistance, and blank for producing the component |
| CN106755756A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Laser-quenching apparatus and method of a kind of bearing surface without tempering soft ribbons |
| CN107815588A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-03-20 | 张家港中环海陆特锻股份有限公司 | Wind power generating set yawing gear ring manufacturing process |
| CN109593919A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-09 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Bearing surface laser-quenching apparatus and method based on the scanning of Distributed Three-dimensional light beam |
| CN113699324A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-26 | 吉林省齐智科技有限公司 | Cast steel quenching and tempering heat treatment processing method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 廖金雄等: "激光表面强化对40CrNiMo钢组织及性能的影响", 《材料保护》, vol. 54, no. 5, pages 144 - 149 * |
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