CN114426638B - High-permeability zone multistage plugging agent for heavy oil reservoir and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-permeability zone multistage plugging agent for heavy oil reservoir and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
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- C08F220/585—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen, e.g. N-methylolacrylamide, N-(meth)acryloylmorpholine and containing other heteroatoms, e.g. 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid [AMPS]
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of oilfield chemistry, and particularly relates to a multi-stage plugging agent for a high-permeability zone of a heavy oil reservoir and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: under the action of an initiator, carrying out polymerization reaction on a (2-acrylamide-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, a sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and a 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer in a solvent to obtain a mixture; the mixture is subjected to solvent removal, washing, drying and granulation to obtain the multi-stage plugging agent. The molecular general formula of the plugging agent is as follows:
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oilfield chemistry, and particularly relates to a multi-stage plugging agent for a high-permeability zone of a heavy oil reservoir and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The development practice of the thick oil water flooding shows that the permeability of the production layer has certain degree of heterogeneity in different directions of the longitudinal direction and the plane. Therefore, the water absorption degree (section) of different production layers of the water injection well is not uniform, and the water wave effect degree is different in different directions of the same production layer. The oil layer with high permeability has the permeability increased along with the improvement of the water washing degree, so that the uneven degree of the water absorption profile is aggravated. Thus, the intra-layer contradiction is more prominent. In order to solve the problems, a profile control method is often adopted in the oil field, and the existing profile control technology comprises injection of foaming agents, gel blocking agents, inorganic blocking agents and the like.
The foaming agent has good injectability and temperature resistance, is widely applied to the steam injection development of thickened oil, has selective plugging effect due to the functions of foaming when meeting water, defoaming when meeting oil and the like, but has shorter effective period, generally can only keep plugging capability for a few days, and is not applicable to a long-term development mode of water flooding; the gel plugging agent is generally used as a front plugging system for thermal recovery, has high viscosity and high strength after gel formation, but is mainly used for plugging large channels because the gel plugging agent can play a role in plugging after gel formation in an oil reservoir, is not applicable to plugging hypertonic strips in water flooding, and can play a role in plugging after cross-linking, so that deep plugging adjustment cannot be realized; the inorganic particle plugging agent mainly comprises a cement plugging agent, has high plugging strength and long effective period, but is easy to generate sedimentation due to poor suspension stability, causes certain difficulty in site injection allocation and even presents construction risks.
The viscoelastic plugging agent has the following advantages: (1) The method does not need a cross-linking agent and has no requirement on initial setting time, so that the treatment depth is not limited, and the method is not only a method for treating the contradiction between layers, but also an ideal method for treating the contradiction between layers. (2) The viscoelastic plugging technology is non-gel, so that the stratum is not harmfully damaged. (3) The method has the greatest characteristics of low cost, and the cost of the same amount of viscoelastic plugging agent is only 1/5 of that of the gel type plugging agent. (4) During site construction, proper construction technological parameters are selected: such as the formula of the plugging agent, the size of the injected slug, the injection speed and the like, and can achieve the comprehensive effects of viscoelastic profile control and viscoelastic oil displacement.
CN111100238A discloses a salt-tolerant plugging agent and a preparation method thereof, and provides a salt-tolerant polymer which is prepared from 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, sodium hydroxide, acrylamide, maleic anhydride, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride and deionized water. The prepared brine-resistant plugging agent is convenient to use, has the performance obviously superior to that of the conventional brine-resistant plugging agent, has strong adaptability, can be applied to oilfield sewage and water with the mineralization of 200000mg/L, and has the dosage of 0.3-0.7 percent and the viscosity of 200-500mPa.s at the temperature of 20-185 ℃. The system viscosity has a common plugging effect on the hypertonic strips, and cannot be suitable for water-driven heavy oil reservoirs or viscosity-reducing heavy oil reservoirs.
CN 110698589 discloses a polymer plugging agent and a preparation method thereof, and provides a polymer plugging agent which comprises an oil phase and a water phase, wherein the oil phase comprises white oil and a composite emulsifier; the water phase comprises acrylamide, acrylic acid, dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, N-methylene bisacrylamide, an initiator and water. The high polymer plugging agent provided by the embodiment of the invention is prepared by using white oil as a dispersion medium, acrylamide, acrylic acid and cationic monomer dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride, anionic monomer 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid as a polymer monomer and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent through a reverse microemulsion polymerization method under the initiation of an oxidation-reduction system ammonium persulfate-ammonium bisulfate, and has the advantages of low preparation cost, excellent high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance and good plugging effect. The prepared emulsion polymer has high use concentration and poor economy due to low solid content, and cannot meet the requirement of large-dose displacement plugging.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a multi-stage plugging agent for a heavy oil reservoir with a high permeability, wherein the plugging agent has an apparent viscosity of more than 500mPa.s at a concentration of 3000mg/L and a total mineralization of more than 10000mg/L and a temperature of more than 90 ℃, and has an effect of dispersing heavy oil at a low concentration (500 ppm), and the particle size of the dispersed heavy oil is more than 50 mu m, so that the plugging agent still has a plugging effect and realizes multi-stage plugging. Can completely meet the technical requirements of high-permeability strip plugging and adjustment in the development of thick oil water flooding or viscosity reduction flooding.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a preparation method of a multi-stage plugging agent for a heavy oil reservoir hypertonic zone, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Under the action of an initiator, a polymerization reaction is carried out on a (2-acrylamide-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, a sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and a 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer in a solvent to obtain a mixture.
(2) The mixture is subjected to solvent removal, washing, drying and granulation to obtain the multi-stage plugging agent.
The structural formula of the (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer is as follows:
the structural formula of the sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer is as follows:
the structural formula of the 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer is as follows:
according to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a plugging agent obtainable by the process according to the first aspect of the present invention, the plugging agent having the general molecular formula:
wherein m=2500 to 60000, preferably m=8000 to 12000;
n=6000 to 60000, preferably n=40000 to 50000;
p=10000 to 80000, preferably p=50000 to 70000.
According to a third aspect of the invention, the invention provides an application of the multistage plugging agent in the high-permeability zone plugging of a heavy oil reservoir.
The invention relates to a multistage plugging agent, which belongs to comb type multipolymer. The benzene ring rigid structure is introduced into the side chain of the molecule, so that the curl and entanglement in the molecule and between the molecules are reduced, and the molecule has better temperature resistance; the side chains of the molecules are introduced with various negative electronic elements, and connection can be formed between the molecules through electrostatic action, so that the molecules are more difficult to curl, and therefore, the plugging agent has better apparent viscosity at lower concentration. In addition, hydrophilic groups and lipophilic groups are introduced into the molecules, the hydrogen bonding effect formed between the hydrophilic groups and water molecules is weakened at the low critical phase transition temperature, the polymer molecular chain shows flexibility, and the apparent viscosity is low; with the increase of temperature, the hydrogen bond is destroyed, the acting force of the polymer and the water molecule is converted into the hydrophobic action among molecules, molecular chains are mainly mutually associated and aggregated through the hydrophobicity, the apparent viscosity is not reduced and increased, and the property is called hydrophobic association. By designing the monomer proportions with different proportions, the aggregation temperature of the oil deposit can be adjusted to be the oil deposit temperature, namely, the oil deposit is easy to inject due to low viscosity at room temperature; the viscosity is high at the temperature of the oil reservoir, and the plugging effect is achieved. In addition, the molecules have more active groups, so the molecules can interact with thick oil to form emulsion, but the emulsion particles formed are larger due to longer molecular chains, the particle diameter is generally about 0.05-10 mm, the viscosity reduction effect cannot be achieved in an oil reservoir, but the emulsion plugging effect under the condition of low concentration can be achieved, and the emulsion plugging agent is called multistage plugging.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) The multistage plugging agent has the advantages of wide raw material sources, simple synthesis process, high yield (more than 98 percent), clean and pollution-free process.
(2) The multistage plugging agent has apparent viscosity of more than 500mPa.s at the concentration of 1000mg/L, total mineralization of more than 10000mg/L and the temperature of more than 90 ℃, and has the effect of dispersing thick oil at extremely low concentration (500 ppm), and the particle size of the dispersed thick oil is more than 50 mu m, so the multistage plugging agent still has the plugging effect and realizes multistage plugging. Can completely meet the technical requirements of high-permeability strip plugging and adjustment in the development of thick oil water flooding or viscosity reduction flooding.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed in the present invention are not limited to the precise range or value, and the range or value should be understood to include values close to the range or value. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a preparation method of a multi-stage plugging agent for a heavy oil reservoir hypertonic zone, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Under the action of an initiator, a polymerization reaction is carried out on a (2-acrylamide-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, a sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and a 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer in a solvent to obtain a mixture.
(2) The mixture is subjected to solvent removal, washing, drying and granulation to obtain the multi-stage plugging agent.
The structural formula of the (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer is as follows:
the structural formula of the sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer is as follows:
the structural formula of the 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer is as follows:
in the present invention, preferably, the molar ratio of the (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, the sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and the 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer is 1:1 to 1.5:1 to 1.3, preferably 1:1.25:1.2.
Preferably, the initiator is azo initiator, preferably azo diisobutyronitrile initiator or azo diisoheptonitrile. The initiator is used in an amount of 0.05 to 0.3mol, more preferably 0.1 to 0.2mol, based on 1mol of the (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer.
Preferably, the solvent is one of water, N-dimethylformamide, toluene or xylene, more preferably water or N, N-dimethylformamide. The solvent is used in an amount of 30 to 80mol, more preferably 45 to 70mol, based on 1mol of the (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer.
Preferably, the polymerization conditions are: the temperature is 60-90 ℃, the stirring speed is 400-700 rpm, and the reaction time is 3-15 h. More preferably, the temperature is 70-80 ℃, the stirring speed is 500-600 rpm, and the reaction time is 5-10 h.
According to a more specific preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the multistage plugging agent specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding a (2-acrylamide-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, a sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and a 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer into a four-neck flask with a thermometer, a stirrer and a heating device, adding a solvent, then starting the stirrer and the heater, regulating the stirring speed to 200-400 rpm, and heating to 50-70 ℃; pouring the initiator into a four-neck flask, slowly heating to 60-90 ℃ after complete dissolution, regulating the stirring speed to 400-700 rpm, and continuously reacting for 3-15 h to obtain a mixture.
(2) The mixture was put into a rotary evaporator to remove the solvent, cooled to room temperature, and then washed with ethanol 3 to 5 times to remove unreacted monomers and the initiator, thereby obtaining a white viscous liquid.
(3) The viscous liquid is put into a baking oven with the temperature of 80-120 ℃ for drying for 24-36 hours to obtain white solid, and then the white solid is crushed into particles with the particle size of 30-60 meshes by a crusher, thus the multistage plugging agent is obtained.
The reaction equation is as follows:
according to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a plugging agent obtainable by the process according to the first aspect of the present invention, the plugging agent having the general molecular formula:
wherein m=2500 to 60000, preferably m=8000 to 12000;
n=6000 to 60000, preferably n=40000 to 50000;
p=10000 to 80000, preferably p=50000 to 70000.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the plugging agent is 100-3000 ten thousand, and preferably 1000-2000 ten thousand.
According to a third aspect of the invention, the invention provides an application of the multistage plugging agent in the high-permeability zone plugging of a heavy oil reservoir.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
In the present invention, the devices or apparatus used are all conventional devices or apparatus known in the art, and are commercially available.
In the following examples and comparative examples, each reagent used was a chemically pure reagent from commercial sources, unless otherwise specified.
The performance test of the product is carried out by adopting the following method:
the apparent viscosity measurement method refers to Q/SH 10201102011572-2017 polyacrylamide for oil displacement.
The particle size measurement method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing 500mg/L multistage plugging agent solution, mixing the system with crude oil in a ratio of 2:1, and fully and uniformly stirring; (2) transferring the oil-water emulsion which is uniformly stirred to a glass slide by using a dropper, placing the glass slide under a polarized light microscope, and setting the magnification to be 50 times; (3) particle size was marked with a scale.
Example 1
(1) 1mol of (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, 1mol of sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and 1mol of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer are added into a four-neck flask with a thermometer, a stirrer and a heating device, 50mol of water is added, then the stirrer and the heater are started, the stirring speed is regulated to 200rpm, and the heating temperature is increased to 50 ℃; 0.05mol of azodiisobutyronitrile is poured into a four-necked flask, after complete dissolution, the temperature is slowly raised to 60 ℃, the stirring speed is adjusted to 400rpm, and the reaction is continued for 3 hours, so as to obtain a mixture.
(2) The above mixture was put into a rotary evaporator to remove the solvent, cooled to room temperature, and then washed with ethanol 3 times to remove unreacted monomers and the initiator, thereby obtaining a white viscous liquid.
(3) The viscous liquid is put into an oven at 80 ℃ to be dried for 24 hours to obtain white solid, and then the white solid is crushed into 30-mesh particles by a crusher, thus obtaining the multistage plugging agent D 1 . The yield was tested to be 98.2%.
Example 2
(1) 1mol of (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, 1.5mol of sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and 1.2mol of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer are added into a four-neck flask with a thermometer, a stirrer and a heating device, 30mol of N, N-dimethylformamide is added, then the stirrer and the heater are started, the stirring speed is adjusted to 260rpm, and the heating temperature is increased to 55 ℃; 0.1mol of azodiisoheptonitrile is poured into a four-necked flask, after complete dissolution, the temperature is slowly raised to 80 ℃, the stirring speed is adjusted to 450rpm, and the reaction is continued for 15 hours, thus obtaining a mixture.
(2) The solvent was removed by placing the above mixture in a rotary evaporator, cooled to room temperature, and then washed with ethanol 5 times to remove unreacted monomers and initiator, thereby obtaining a white viscous liquid.
(3) The viscous liquid is put into a baking oven at 90 ℃ to be dried for 30 hours to obtain white solid, and then the white solid is crushed into 50-mesh particles by a crusher, thus obtaining the multistage plugging agent D 2 . The yield was tested to be 98.5%.
Example 3
(1) 1mol of (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, 1.25mol of sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and 1.2mol of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer are added into a four-neck flask with a thermometer, a stirrer and a heating device, 60mol of toluene is added, then the stirrer and the heater are started, the stirring speed is regulated to 300rpm, and the heating temperature is increased to 60 ℃; 0.08mol of azodiisobutyronitrile is poured into a four-necked flask, after complete dissolution, the temperature is slowly raised to 85 ℃, the stirring speed is adjusted to 600rpm, and the reaction is continued for 5 hours, so as to obtain a mixture.
(2) The solvent was removed by placing the above mixture in a rotary evaporator, cooled to room temperature, and then washed with ethanol 4 times to remove unreacted monomers and initiator, thereby obtaining a white viscous liquid.
(3) The viscous liquid is put into a baking oven at 85 ℃ for drying for 32 hours to obtain white solid, and then crushed into 40-mesh particles by a crusher, thus obtaining the multistage plugging agent D 3 . The yield was tested to be 99.1%.
Example 4
(1) 1mol of (2-acrylamide-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, 1.2mol of sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and 1.15mol of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer are added into a four-neck flask with a thermometer, a stirrer and a heating device, 75mol of dimethylbenzene is added, then the stirrer and the heater are started, the stirring speed is regulated to 350rpm, and the heating temperature is increased to 58 ℃; 0.25mol of azodiisoheptonitrile is poured into a four-necked flask, after complete dissolution, the temperature is slowly raised to 75 ℃, the stirring speed is adjusted to 500rpm, and the reaction is continued for 8 hours, thus obtaining a mixture.
(2) The solvent was removed by placing the above mixture in a rotary evaporator, cooled to room temperature, and then washed with ethanol 4 times to remove unreacted monomers and initiator, thereby obtaining a white viscous liquid.
(3) The viscous liquid is put into a baking oven at 100 ℃ for drying for 25 hours to obtain white solid, and then the white solid is crushed into 50-mesh particles by a crusher, thus obtaining the multistage plugging agent D 4 . The yield was tested to be 98.5%.
Example 5
(1) 1mol of (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, 1.3mol of sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and 1.25mol of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer are added into a four-neck flask with a thermometer, a stirrer and a heating device, 80mol of water is added, then the stirrer and the heater are started, the stirring speed is adjusted to 360rpm, and the heating temperature is increased to 65 ℃; 0.3mol of azodiisobutyronitrile is poured into a four-necked flask, after complete dissolution, the temperature is slowly raised to 65 ℃, the stirring speed is regulated to 550rpm, and the reaction is continued for 12 hours, so as to obtain a mixture.
(2) The above mixture was put into a rotary evaporator to remove the solvent, cooled to room temperature, and then washed with ethanol 3 times to remove unreacted monomers and the initiator, thereby obtaining a white viscous liquid.
(3) The viscous liquid is put into a baking oven at 110 ℃ for drying for 28 hours to obtain white solid, and then crushed into 60-mesh particles by a crusher, thus obtaining the multistage plugging agent D 5 . The yield was tested to be 98.5%.
Example 6
(1) 1mol of (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, 1.4mol of sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and 1.15mol of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer are added into a four-neck flask with a thermometer, a stirrer and a heating device, 45mol of N, N-dimethylformamide is added, then the stirrer and the heater are started, the stirring speed is adjusted to 400rpm, and the heating temperature is increased to 70 ℃; 0.15mol of azodiisoheptonitrile is poured into a four-necked flask, after complete dissolution, the temperature is slowly raised to 90 ℃, the stirring speed is adjusted to 700rpm, and the reaction is continued for 10 hours, thus obtaining a mixture.
(2) The solvent was removed by placing the above mixture in a rotary evaporator, cooled to room temperature, and then washed with ethanol 5 times to remove unreacted monomers and initiator, thereby obtaining a white viscous liquid.
(3) The viscous liquid is put into a baking oven at 120 ℃ for drying for 36 hours to obtain white solid, and then crushed into 60-mesh particles by a crusher, thus obtaining the multistage plugging agent D 6 . The yield was tested to be 98.3%.
Example 7 evaluation of indoor apparent viscosity
Respectively for D by adopting a Hark rheometer 1 ～D 6 Multistage plugging agent and polyacrylamide polymer D purchased from victory oilfield square and round chemical company Limited 7 And D 8 The apparent viscosity of (C) was measured at 90℃at a concentration of 3000mg/L. Particle size testing method of dispersed particles: (1) preparing 500mg/L multistage plugging agent solution, mixing the system with crude oil in a ratio of 2:1, and fully and uniformly stirring; (2) transferring the oil-water emulsion which is uniformly stirred to a glass slide by using a dropper, placing the glass slide under a polarized light microscope, and setting the magnification to be 50 times; (3) particle size was marked with a scale. The test results are shown in Table 1
TABLE 1 apparent viscosity and particle size testing of the plugging agent
| Project | Apparent viscosity/mPa.s | Particle size/μm |
| D 1 | 560 | 68 |
| D 2 | 540 | 79 |
| D 3 | 720 | 241 |
| D 4 | 510 | 161 |
| D 5 | 623 | 56 |
| D 6 | 680 | 58 |
| Comparative example D 7 | 320 | Non-emulsifiable thick oil |
| Comparative example D 8 | 280 | Non-emulsifiable thick oil |
Test results show that the developed hypertonic strip plugging agent has a good tackifying effect, the apparent viscosity reaches more than 500mPa.s under the condition of 1000mg/L of use concentration, the plugging effect of heterogeneous heavy oil reservoirs can be met, meanwhile, the plugging agent has a certain emulsifying effect under the condition of extremely low concentration (500 mg/L), the emulsified particles are uniformly dispersed, the size of the dispersed particles is more than 50 mu m, the pore throat size is generally about 10-20 mu m, and the emulsified particles can still plug pore throats, so that the multi-stage plugging effect is achieved. The commercial polyacrylamide polymers are mainly tackified, but the single monomer has low viscosity and no emulsifying effect, so the multistage plugging agent is more competitive than the commercial polymers.
The multistage plugging agent has wide raw material sources, simple synthesis process, high yield (more than 98 percent) and clean and pollution-free process; the multistage plugging agent has apparent viscosity of more than 500mPa.s at the concentration of 1000mg/L, total mineralization of more than 10000mg/L and the temperature of more than 90 ℃, and has the effect of dispersing thick oil at extremely low concentration (500 ppm), and the particle size of the dispersed thick oil is more than 50 mu m, so the multistage plugging agent still has the plugging effect and realizes multistage plugging. Can completely meet the technical requirements of high-permeability strip plugging and adjustment in the development of thick oil water flooding or viscosity reduction flooding.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, a number of simple variants of the technical solution of the invention are possible, including combinations of the individual technical features in any other suitable way, which simple variants and combinations should likewise be regarded as being disclosed by the invention, all falling within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. The preparation method of the multi-stage plugging agent for the hypertonic zone of the heavy oil reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Under the action of an initiator, carrying out polymerization reaction on a (2-acrylamide-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, a sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and a 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer in a solvent to obtain a mixture;
(2) Removing solvent from the mixture, washing, drying and granulating to obtain a multi-stage plugging agent;
the structural formula of the (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer is as follows:
the structural formula of the sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer is as follows:
the structural formula of the 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer is as follows:
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, the sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and the 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer is 1:1-1.5:1-1.3.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of the (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer, the sodium p-styrenesulfonate monomer and the 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer is 1:1.25:1.2.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile initiator or azobisisoheptonitrile.
5. The process according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the initiator is used in an amount of 0.05 to 0.3mol based on 1mol of the (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is one of water, N-dimethylformamide, toluene, and xylene.
7. The process according to claim 6, wherein the amount of the solvent is 30 to 80mol based on 1mol of the (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl) -dimethylamine monomer.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the polymerization conditions are: the temperature is 60-90 ℃, the stirring speed is 400-700 rpm, and the reaction time is 3-15 h.
9. A plugging agent obtainable by a process according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The plugging agent of claim 9, wherein the plugging agent has the following molecular formula:
wherein m=2500 to 60000;
n＝6000～60000；
p＝10000～80000。
11. the plugging agent of claim 10, wherein m = 8000-12000, n = 40000-50000, p = 50000-70000.
12. The plugging agent of claim 10, wherein the molecular weight of the plugging agent is 100-3000 ten thousand.
13. Use of a plugging agent according to any one of claims 9-12 in high permeability zone plugging of heavy oil reservoirs.
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