CN114426407B - Concrete additive suitable for fine aggregate as tunnel slag and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete additive suitable for fine aggregate as tunnel slag and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114426407B CN114426407B CN202210175376.0A CN202210175376A CN114426407B CN 114426407 B CN114426407 B CN 114426407B CN 202210175376 A CN202210175376 A CN 202210175376A CN 114426407 B CN114426407 B CN 114426407B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0046—Premixtures of ingredients characterised by their processing, e.g. sequence of mixing the ingredients when preparing the premixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a concrete additive suitable for a fine aggregate as tunnel slag and a preparation method thereof; the composition comprises the following components: 3.5 to 5.0 percent of polyethylene glycol, 6.1 to 9.2 percent of methacrylic acid, 5.5 to 7.4 percent of acrylic acid, 0.6 to 1.1 percent of ammonium persulfate, 0.5 to 0.9 percent of vitamin C, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of sodium hydroxide, 0.4 to 0.8 percent of sodium sulfate, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of hydrogen peroxide, 3.5 to 6.0 percent of allyl alcohol, 7.0 to 11.4 percent of polyoxyethylene ether, 2 to 4 percent of thioglycollic acid, 1.5 to 3.0 percent of hydroquinone, 2.4 to 4.2 percent of phenothiazine, 0.8 to 1.5 percent of styrene and the balance of deionized water. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the additive. The invention solves the problems of easy segregation and collapse, poor appearance quality and the like of the concrete with the fine aggregate as tunnel slag, effectively improves the performance of the concrete, promotes the recycling of solid wastes such as tunnel slag and the like, is simple and practical, and has important practical significance and engineering application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building materials; in particular to a concrete additive which is suitable for a fine aggregate as tunnel slag and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous promotion of infrastructure construction, the demand for building materials such as sand and stone is rising year by year, and data shows that in 2020, china has a ready mixed concrete yield of 430 hundred million cubic meters, and natural sand is in shortage, supply is in short supply, and a high-quality substitute is required to be searched. On the other hand, areas such as mountain areas become main battlefields of infrastructure construction, the high bridge-to-tunnel ratio is a common characteristic of mountain expressways, in mountain expressway construction, the utilization rate of tunnel hole residues and excavated stones is low, and purchasing and transporting of sand stone materials are difficult to be outstanding, the high bridge-to-tunnel ratio causes rapid increase of the amount of tunnel waste residues and difficult treatment, the direct waste of the tunnel waste residues occupies cultivated land woodland and blocks river channels, the ecological environment is destroyed, solid waste resource utilization cannot be realized, the tunnel hole residues are different from natural sand and common machine-made sand, the quality is relatively unstable, the main appearance of the tunnel hole residues and dust content exceeds the standard, the grading is not in accordance with the requirements, the performance requirements of an external additive are high, and the common additive is difficult to be directly applied to concrete with fine aggregates as tunnel hole residues. If the concrete additive which is suitable for the fine aggregate and is tunnel slag is developed, the problem of utilization of tunnel slag can be solved, the concrete performance can be improved, sand and stone materials can be provided for the construction of the infrastructure, the exploitation of natural sand and stone can be reduced, the green and sustainable development of the construction of the infrastructure can be promoted, multiple purposes can be achieved, and the method has very important economic and environmental protection significance.
Therefore, the concrete additive suitable for the tunnel slag serving as the fine aggregate is developed, the problems of poor workability, serious bleeding, poor appearance quality and the like of the concrete with the tunnel slag serving as the fine aggregate are solved, the high-quality recycling of the tunnel slag is promoted, and the concrete additive has important value and benefit for environmental protection and engineering construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a concrete additive suitable for a fine aggregate as tunnel slag and a preparation method thereof. Aiming at the problems of poor workability, serious bleeding, poor appearance quality and the like of the concrete with the fine aggregate as tunnel slag, the invention prepares the composite additive with the characteristics of water reduction, mud powder resistance, shrinkage crack resistance and the like based on the modern material composition design principle by fully utilizing the chemical modification technology, and can effectively improve the workability, the surface appearance, the mechanical property and the mechanical property of the concrete with the fine aggregate as tunnel slag.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a concrete additive suitable for a fine aggregate as tunnel slag, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
3.5 to 5.0 percent of polyethylene glycol, 6.1 to 9.2 percent of methacrylic acid, 5.5 to 7.4 percent of acrylic acid, 0.6 to 1.1 percent of ammonium persulfate, 0.5 to 0.9 percent of vitamin C, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of sodium hydroxide, 0.4 to 0.8 percent of sodium sulfate, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of hydrogen peroxide, 3.5 to 6.0 percent of allyl alcohol, 7.0 to 11.4 percent of polyoxyethylene ether, 2 to 4 percent of thioglycollic acid, 1.5 to 3.0 percent of hydroquinone, 2.4 to 4.2 percent of phenothiazine, 0.8 to 1.5 percent of styrene and the balance of deionized water.
The components and interactions involved in the invention are as follows:
the polyethylene glycol has good lubricity, moisture retention, dispersibility and bonding property, can effectively slow down the reduction of the internal humidity of concrete, reduces early hydration heat and improves the hydration degree;
the methacrylic acid can enable the additive to have good suspension and rheological properties;
the polyethylene glycol and the methacrylic acid can promote the dispersion of the additive in the concrete material, so that the mixed system is more uniform;
the allyl alcohol and polyoxyethylene ether polymerization has stronger cement particle dispersibility maintaining capability, can effectively reduce the mixing amount of the additive while guaranteeing the water reducing rate, weakens the sensitivity between the additive and the fine aggregate, and has the effects of environmental friendliness and no corrosion to the reinforcing steel bars;
the use of sodium sulfate and vitamin C can promote the hydration product calcium sulfoaluminate to be generated more quickly, improve the problems of concrete bleeding, collapse and the like, and improve the early strength of the concrete;
the phenothiazine and hydroquinone can play a role in inhibiting polymerization, and an induction period is generated in the polymerization process, so that all substances fully react to play a comprehensive effect;
the styrene can reduce the adsorption of concrete materials, especially fine aggregates, to water, thereby playing roles of resisting mud and retaining slump and improving the adaptability of the admixture and tunnel slag;
the use of the thioglycollic acid can prevent the steel bars from being corroded, and improve the durability of the concrete;
the acrylic acid can promote the polymerization of polyethylene glycol and methacrylic acid, can also ensure that the additive has a water-retaining effect, avoids the segregation and collapse of concrete, and promotes the full hydration of cement.
From the above, it can be seen that, in addition to the primary actions of the components, there are coordination actions among the components, such as: (1) The use of sodium sulfate and vitamin C can promote the hydration product calcium sulfoaluminate to be generated more quickly, improve the problems of concrete bleeding, collapse and the like, and improve the early strength of the concrete; (2) The phenothiazine and hydroquinone can play a role in inhibiting polymerization, and an induction period is generated in the polymerization process, so that all substances fully react, and a comprehensive effect is exerted.
Preferably, the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol PEG400, colorless transparent liquid, and the molecular weight is 380-420.
Preferably, the methacrylic acid is a clear liquid having a density of 1.015g/mL.
Preferably, the acrylic acid is a colorless clear liquid having a density of 1.0511g/mL.
Preferably, the ammonium persulfate is white crystal powder with a relative density of 1.982.
Preferably, the vitamin C is colorless crystals having a purity of 99.9%.
Preferably, the sodium hydroxide and the sodium sulfate are both analytically pure, the hydrogen peroxide is colorless transparent liquid, and the density is 1.13g/mL. The allyl alcohol is trans-3- (trimethylsilyl) allyl alcohol, the density is 0.869g/mL, the polyoxyethylene ether is nonionic yellowish powder, and the pH is 7-7.5.
Preferably, the thioglycollic acid is colorless transparent liquid with the density of 1.326g/mL, the hydroquinone is white crystalline powder with the density of 1.3g/cm 3 。
Preferably, the phenothiazine is 10-methyl phenothiazine with purity higher than 98%, the styrene is oily liquid, and the density is 0.906g/mL.
The invention also relates to a preparation method of the concrete admixture suitable for the fine aggregate as tunnel slag, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of the raw materials for standby;
step 2, sequentially adding polyethylene glycol, methacrylic acid and acrylic acid into a three-port beaker, controlling the reaction temperature to be 40-60 ℃, adding deionized water with the mass fraction of ammonium persulfate and 20% (percentage of the total amount of deionized water), and stirring for 10-20min until uniformity to obtain a mixed solution A for later use;
step 3, sequentially adding allyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene ether and thioglycollic acid into a three-port beaker, controlling the reaction temperature to be 30-50 ℃, dripping hydrogen peroxide and stirring for 10-20min until uniformity to obtain a mixed solution B for later use;
step 4, adding sodium sulfate, vitamin C, phenothiazine and hydroquinone into a beaker in sequence, stirring uniformly, dripping styrene and deionized water with the mass fraction of 20% (percentage of the total amount of deionized water) into the beaker, stirring for 20-30min to be uniform, and standing for 30min to obtain a mixed solution C for later use;
step 5, adding the mixed solution B into the mixed solution A, controlling the temperature at 30-50 ℃, stirring for 15-25min, adding the mixed solution C, stirring for 20-25min at 30-50 ℃, and finally preserving the heat for 20min at 30-50 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution D;
and 6, sequentially adding the rest deionized water and sodium hydroxide into the mixed solution D, stirring until the solution is uniform, and controlling the pH value of the solution to be between 6 and 8 to obtain the concrete additive suitable for the tunnel slag serving as the fine aggregate.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The concrete admixture prepared by the invention has the characteristics of water reduction, mud powder resistance and shrinkage and crack resistance, improves the workability and mechanical properties of concrete, improves the surface appearance of the concrete, realizes the high-quality utilization of tunnel slag, effectively solves the problems of tunnel slag treatment and sand and stone material shortage in mountain areas and high-bridge tunneling ratio engineering, and realizes the high-quality sustainable development of infrastructure engineering construction.
(2) The concrete admixture suitable for the tunnel slag serving as the fine aggregate provided by the invention promotes recycling of solid wastes such as tunnel slag on the basis of guaranteeing water reduction and mud powder resistance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that the following examples are only further illustrative of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a concrete additive suitable for a fine aggregate as tunnel slag, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3.5% of polyethylene glycol, 9.2% of methacrylic acid, 5.5% of acrylic acid, 1.1% of ammonium persulfate, 0.5% of vitamin C, 0.4% of sodium hydroxide, 0.4% of sodium sulfate, 0.8% of hydrogen peroxide, 6.0% of allyl alcohol, 7.0% of polyoxyethylene ether, 4% of thioglycollic acid, 1.5% of hydroquinone, 4.2% of phenothiazine, 0.8% of styrene and 55.1% of deionized water, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%.
The embodiment relates to a preparation method of a concrete additive suitable for a fine aggregate as tunnel slag, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step one, respectively weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of the raw materials;
sequentially adding polyethylene glycol, methacrylic acid and acrylic acid into a three-mouth beaker, controlling the reaction temperature to be 50 ℃, then adding ammonium persulfate and deionized water with a mass fraction of 20% (percentage of the total amount of the deionized water) and stirring for 15min to be uniform to obtain a mixed solution A for later use;
sequentially adding allyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene ether and thioglycollic acid into a three-port beaker, controlling the reaction temperature to 40 ℃, then dripping hydrogen peroxide and stirring for 15min until uniformity to obtain a mixed solution B for later use;
sequentially adding sodium sulfate, vitamin C, phenothiazine and hydroquinone into a beaker, uniformly stirring, then dripping styrene and 20% of deionized water by mass percent (accounting for the total amount of deionized water), stirring for 25min to be uniform, and standing for 30min to obtain a mixed solution C for later use;
and fifthly, adding the mixed solution B into the mixed solution A, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃, stirring the solution for 20min, then continuously adding the mixed solution C, continuously stirring for 25min at the temperature of 40 ℃, and finally preserving the heat for 20min at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ to obtain the mixed solution D.
Sequentially adding the rest deionized water and sodium hydroxide into the mixed solution D, uniformly stirring, and testing the pH value of the solution to be between 6 and 8 to obtain the concrete additive suitable for the tunnel slag serving as the fine aggregate.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 relates to a concrete admixture suitable for fine aggregate as tunnel slag, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 4.2% of polyethylene glycol, 7.3% of methacrylic acid, 6.1% of acrylic acid, 0.8% of ammonium persulfate, 0.7% of vitamin C, 0.3% of sodium hydroxide, 0.6% of sodium sulfate, 0.6% of hydrogen peroxide, 4.3% of allyl alcohol, 9.2% of polyoxyethylene ether, 3% of thioglycollic acid, 2.3% of hydroquinone, 3.1% of phenothiazine, 1.1% of styrene and 56.4% of deionized water. The sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100 percent. The preparation method of this example 2 is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 relates to a concrete admixture suitable for fine aggregate as tunnel slag, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5.0% of polyethylene glycol, 6.1% of methacrylic acid, 7.4% of acrylic acid, 0.6% of ammonium persulfate, 0.9% of vitamin C, 0.2% of sodium hydroxide, 0.8% of sodium sulfate, 0.5% of hydrogen peroxide, 3.5% of allyl alcohol, 11.4% of polyoxyethylene ether, 2% of thioglycollic acid, 3.0% of hydroquinone, 2.4% of phenothiazine, 1.5% of styrene and 54.7% of deionized water. The sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100 percent. The preparation method of this example 3 is the same as that of example 1.
Example 4
The embodiment 4 relates to a concrete admixture suitable for fine aggregate as tunnel slag, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3.8% of polyethylene glycol, 8.4% of methacrylic acid, 5.7% of acrylic acid, 1.1% of ammonium persulfate, 0.8% of vitamin C, 0.4% of sodium hydroxide, 0.7% of sodium sulfate, 0.7% of hydrogen peroxide, 5.4% of allyl alcohol, 10.3% of polyoxyethylene ether, 3.3% of thioglycollic acid, 1.7% of hydroquinone, 3.7% of phenothiazine, 1.3% of styrene and 52.7% of deionized water. The sum of the mass fractions of the raw materials is 100 percent. The preparation method of this example 4 is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is a commercial polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducer, the main components are polyvinyl alcohol monomethyl ether and methacrylic acid, the water reducing rate is 35%, and the manufacturer recommends the mixing amount to be 1.0% of the mass of the cementing material.
The products corresponding to comparative example 1 and examples 1 to 4 were subjected to performance test, and the results are shown in Table 1. The test performance includes: the fine aggregate for the test is formed by crushing tunnel slag, and the concrete admixture (GB 8076-2008) is used for specific test methods and specified values.
The specific parameters are shown in table 1. From table 1, it can be seen that the concrete admixture suitable for the fine aggregate as tunnel slag meets the requirement value of the standard high-performance water reducer in concrete admixture (GB 8076-2008) and reaches the standard of the high-performance water reducer; further analysis shows that the 1d compression strength ratio is greater than or equal to 180%, the 3d compression strength ratio is greater than or equal to 170%, and the bleeding rate ratio is less than or equal to 50%, so that the water reducer meets the requirement of the early strength water reducer, and has the functions of reducing water and early strength; as can be seen from the comparison with comparative example 1, the water reduction rate of the examples is lower than that of the comparative examples, which reduces the sensitivity of the admixture and improves the adaptability of the admixture (examples) to fine aggregates; the bleeding rate and the 1h slump change over time of the embodiment are obviously lower than those of the comparative example, which shows that the slump retention of the embodiment is better, and the problem that concrete with fine aggregate as tunnel slag is easy to bleed and collapse in the mixing process is avoided; in addition, the lower air content, lower shrinkage and higher relative durability index of the comparative examples also illustrate the superiority of the present invention. In the forming process, no bleeding and collapse phenomenon is found, the working performance and the appearance of the test piece are good, and the construction production requirements can be met.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the invention not only realizes the effect of reducing water of the admixture, but also has the effects of early strength and shrinkage crack resistance; meanwhile, the application of the invention in concrete can also reduce the shrinkage rate of the concrete and improve the mechanical property and the frost resistance of the concrete. The invention solves the problems of easy segregation and collapse, poor appearance quality and the like of the concrete with the fine aggregate as the tunnel slag, effectively improves the performance of the concrete, promotes the recycling of solid wastes such as the tunnel slag and the like, is simple and practical, and has important practical significance and engineering application value.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the claims without affecting the spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The concrete additive suitable for the tunnel slag serving as the fine aggregate is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
3.5 to 5.0 percent of polyethylene glycol, 6.1 to 9.2 percent of methacrylic acid, 5.5 to 7.4 percent of acrylic acid, 0.6 to 1.1 percent of ammonium persulfate, 0.5 to 0.9 percent of vitamin C, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of sodium hydroxide, 0.4 to 0.8 percent of sodium sulfate, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of hydrogen peroxide, 3.5 to 6.0 percent of allyl alcohol, 7.0 to 11.4 percent of polyoxyethylene ether, 2 to 4 percent of thioglycollic acid, 1.5 to 3.0 percent of hydroquinone, 2.4 to 4.2 percent of phenothiazine, 0.8 to 1.5 percent of styrene and the balance of deionized water;
the preparation method of the concrete additive suitable for the tunnel slag serving as the fine aggregate comprises the following steps of:
step 1, respectively weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of the raw materials for standby;
step 2, sequentially adding polyethylene glycol, methacrylic acid and acrylic acid into a three-port beaker, controlling the reaction temperature to be 40-60 ℃, adding ammonium persulfate and deionized water with the mass fraction of 20%, and stirring for 10-20min until uniformity to obtain a mixed solution A for later use;
step 3, sequentially adding allyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene ether and thioglycollic acid into a three-port beaker, controlling the reaction temperature to be 30-50 ℃, dripping hydrogen peroxide, and stirring for 10-20min until uniformity to obtain a mixed solution B for later use;
step 4, adding sodium sulfate, vitamin C, phenothiazine and hydroquinone into a beaker in sequence, stirring uniformly, dripping styrene and deionized water with the mass fraction of 20% into the beaker, stirring for 20-30min to be uniform, and standing for 30min to obtain a mixed solution C for later use;
step 5, adding the mixed solution B into the mixed solution A, controlling the temperature at 30-50 ℃, stirring for 15-25min, adding the mixed solution C, stirring for 20-25min at 30-50 ℃, and finally preserving the heat for 20min at 30-50 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution D;
and 6, sequentially adding the rest deionized water and sodium hydroxide into the mixed solution D, stirring until the mixture is uniform, and controlling the pH value of the solution between 6 and 8 to obtain the concrete additive suitable for the tunnel slag serving as the fine aggregate.
2. The concrete admixture for fine aggregate tunnel slag as defined in claim 1, wherein the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol PEG400, a colorless transparent liquid, and has a molecular weight of 380-420.
3. The concrete admixture for fine aggregate tunnel boring slag according to claim 1, wherein the methacrylic acid is a transparent liquid having a density of 1.015g/mL.
4. The concrete admixture for fine aggregate tunnel boring slag according to claim 1, wherein the acrylic acid is colorless clear liquid having a density of 1.0511g/mL.
5. The concrete admixture for fine aggregate tunnel boring slag according to claim 1, wherein the ammonium persulfate is white crystal powder having a relative density of 1.982.
6. The concrete admixture for fine aggregate tunnel boring residues according to claim 1, wherein said vitamin C is colorless crystals having a purity of 99.9%.
7. The concrete admixture for tunnel boring residues with fine aggregates as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfate are analytically pure, the hydrogen peroxide is colorless transparent liquid, the density is 1.13g/mL, the allyl alcohol is trans-3- (trimethylsilyl) allyl alcohol, the density is 0.869g/mL, and the polyoxyethylene ether is nonionic yellowish powder, and the pH is 7-7.5.
8. The concrete admixture for fine aggregate tunnel boring residues according to claim 1, wherein said thioglycollic acid is colorless transparent liquid having a density of 1.326g/mL, said hydroquinone is white crystalline powder having a density of 1.3g/cm.
9. The concrete admixture for fine aggregate tunnel boring slag of claim 1, wherein the phenothiazine is 10-methyl phenothiazine with a purity of more than 98%, the styrene is an oily liquid, and the density is 0.906g/mL.
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