CN114425874B - Preparation method of fiber reinforced plastic plate containing fiber grating, fiber reinforced plastic plate containing fiber grating and application - Google Patents
Preparation method of fiber reinforced plastic plate containing fiber grating, fiber reinforced plastic plate containing fiber grating and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN114425874B CN114425874B CN202210102810.2A CN202210102810A CN114425874B CN 114425874 B CN114425874 B CN 114425874B CN 202210102810 A CN202210102810 A CN 202210102810A CN 114425874 B CN114425874 B CN 114425874B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/04—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29L2007/002—Panels; Plates; Sheets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a fiber reinforced plastic board containing fiber gratings, the fiber reinforced plastic board containing fiber gratings and application, relating to the technical field of monitoring, the preparation method of the fiber reinforced plastic board containing fiber gratings comprises the following steps: fiber dipping, fiber pretreatment, fiber extraction, fiber positioning and heating forming to obtain the fiber reinforced plastic plate containing the fiber grating. The preparation method solves the technical problems of easy damage caused by the winding problem of the optical fiber when the optical fiber grating is led out, damage caused by inaccurate positioning when the optical fiber grating is taken out and unstable embedding of the optical fiber grating in the production process, and achieves the technical effects of accurately positioning the optical fiber in the reinforced plastic plate so as to facilitate the taking out of the optical fiber head end and further stabilize the production process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring, in particular to a preparation method of a fiber reinforced plastic plate containing fiber gratings, the fiber reinforced plastic plate containing fiber gratings and application.
Background
Bridge or building may have its carrying capacity and usability reduced due to design defects, overload and natural environment, and may cause immeasurable loss in severe cases. At present, a common solution is to use fiber reinforced plastic plates to apply prestress to the bridge to improve the bearing capacity. However, with the development and wide application of the prestressing technology, new problems have been highlighted, such as: the magnitude of the applied prestress in the sheet material cannot be monitored, and accurate data of stress loss caused by factors such as time, environment, overload and the like can not be monitored. In addition, how to evaluate the later health condition of the bridge is also a problem to be solved in practical application.
The fiber bragg grating sensor has the characteristics of high precision, good linearity, good repeatability and the like, and is also resistant to electromagnetic interference, electric insulation, corrosion resistance and long-distance transmission, so that the fiber bragg grating sensor is very suitable for monitoring mechanical properties and external temperature, and is favored by people gradually.
In the pultrusion process, the fineness of the fiber grating is about 0.2mm, and the fiber grating is easy to float or deviate due to uneven tension and even entangled, so that the fiber grating plate is unfavorable for forming. The fiber bragg grating is transparent, after being embedded into the reinforced plastic plate, the color is easy to integrate with the material, and the fiber bragg grating is not easy to find when being observed by naked eyes, so that after being combined with the resin matrix, the fiber bragg grating is difficult to take out part of the optical fibers from the plate for welding, and the operation difficulty is high. In CN105423938A, it is pointed out that the grooving method can embed the fiber grating, but the self performance of the board is easily damaged, and the service life is reduced. Therefore, a process is needed to not only take out part of the optical fibers from the plate material more conveniently for fusion, but also keep the fiber grating stably at the center of the plate material or at a pre-designed position, and simultaneously ensure the operability, safety and service life of the plate material in continuous production in practical application.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a fiber reinforced plastic board containing fiber gratings, which can solve the problems that fiber gratings are easy to float or deviate when being embedded, the head ends of the fibers are difficult to peel off, and continuous integrated production is difficult.
The second object of the invention is to provide a fiber reinforced plastic board with fiber grating, which has the advantages of high monitoring precision and long service life.
The invention further aims to provide an application of the fiber reinforced plastic board containing the fiber gratings in reinforced buildings, which has the characteristics of strong operability, high safety and long service life of the board.
In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the following technical solutions are specifically adopted:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a fiber reinforced plastic board containing fiber gratings, comprising the following steps:
fiber dipping, fiber pretreatment, fiber extraction, fiber positioning and heating forming to obtain the fiber reinforced plastic plate containing the fiber grating;
wherein, the optical fiber pretreatment comprises the following steps:
pretreating the head end of the optical fiber by using the locating plate and the optical fiber take-out line to obtain a pretreated optical fiber;
the optical fiber extraction comprises the following steps:
the optical fiber passes through the optical fiber clamping roller, the optical fiber guider and the bundling plate, so that the head end of the pretreated optical fiber reaches the optical fiber positioning roller;
the optical fiber positioning comprises the following steps:
lifting the optical fiber positioning roller to enable the head end of the pretreated optical fiber to pass through the optical fiber positioning plate to reach the auxiliary pressing roller and then press the auxiliary pressing roller, loosening the auxiliary pressing roller after the head end of the pretreated optical fiber enters the cold die, pressing the optical fiber positioning roller, drawing lines and positioning after the head end of the pretreated optical fiber exits the hot die, and recording the length position.
Further, at least one strain grating and at least one temperature grating sensor are arranged on the optical fiber.
Further, the single layer thickness of the locating sheet is 0.01-0.5 mm, the length is 10-50 cm, and the width is 1-10 cm.
Further, the diameter of the optical fiber extraction line is 0.1-2 mm, and the length is 10-50 cm.
Further, a clamping groove is formed in the surface of the optical fiber clamping roller;
further preferably, the diameter of the clamping groove is 0.3-1 mm, and the depth is 0.1-0.5 mm.
Further, a side groove is formed in the side of the fiber guide;
further preferably, the diameter of the side groove is 0.3-0.5 mm;
further preferably, the aperture of the fiber guide is 0.5-10 mm.
Further, at least 1 positioning groove is formed in the surface of the optical fiber positioning roller;
further preferably, the diameter of the positioning groove is 0.3-0.5 mm, the depth is 0.1-0.5 mm, and a chamfer with r of 0.1-0.5 mm is arranged.
Further, the length of the optical fiber positioning plate is 5-50 cm, the width of the optical fiber positioning plate is 3-50 cm, and the thickness of the optical fiber positioning plate is 0.1-3 mm;
further preferably, the edge of the optical fiber positioning plate is provided with a diversion trench;
further preferably, the optical fiber positioning plate is provided with at least 2 semicircular limiters;
further preferably, the diameter of the semicircular limiters is 0.5-5 cm.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fiber reinforced plastic board containing fiber gratings, which is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of the above.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an application of a fiber grating-containing fiber reinforced plastic board in reinforcing a building and monitoring the mechanical properties of the building and the external temperature thereof.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method of the fiber reinforced plastic plate containing the fiber grating comprises the following steps of fiber dipping, fiber pretreatment, fiber extraction, fiber positioning and heating forming, wherein the fiber pretreatment, the fiber extraction and the fiber positioning steps can position the fiber in the fiber reinforced plastic plate, so that the fiber head end can be conveniently taken out, and the production process is stabilized; the fiber dipping and thermoforming steps can couple the optical fiber with the reinforced plastic sheet material. The preparation method solves the problems that the fiber grating is easy to float or deviate when being buried, the head end of the fiber is difficult to peel off and continuous integrated production is difficult.
The fiber reinforced plastic plate containing the fiber grating has the advantages of high monitoring precision and long service life.
The application of the fiber grating-containing fiber reinforced plastic board in building structure reinforcement monitoring has the characteristics of strong operability, high safety and long service life of the board.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a fiber reinforced plastic board with fiber gratings according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a positioning plate, an optical fiber, and a fiber extraction line according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an optical fiber according to embodiment 1 of the present invention drawn from an optical fiber package;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position configuration of the fiber positioning roller and the fiber positioning plate according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an optical fiber provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention in a fiber reinforced plastic sheet;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the longitudinal arrangement of the optical fibers in the fiber reinforced plastic board according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Icon: 1-optical fiber package; 2-an optical fiber clamping roller; 3-optical fiber; 4-fiber guide; 5-bundling plate; 6-an optical fiber positioning roller; 7-an optical fiber positioning plate; 8-post-pretreatment a head end of the optical fiber; 9-auxiliary press rolls; 10-cooling; 11-hot die; 12-carbon fiber reinforced plastic plate; 13-carbon fiber; 14-a press roll; 15-a glue groove; 16-diversion trenches; 01-locating piece; 02-an optical fiber take-out line; 06-positioning grooves; 07-a limiter; 30-fiber reinforced plastic plate; 33-fiber grating sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The materials in the examples were prepared according to the existing methods or were directly commercially available unless otherwise specified.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a fiber reinforced plastic board comprising fiber gratings, comprising the steps of:
fiber dipping, fiber pretreatment, fiber extraction, fiber positioning and heating forming to obtain a fiber reinforced plastic plate containing fiber gratings;
wherein, the pretreatment of the optical fiber comprises the following steps:
pretreating the head end of the optical fiber by using the locating plate and the optical fiber take-out line to obtain a pretreated optical fiber;
the optical fiber extraction method comprises the following steps:
the optical fiber passes through the optical fiber clamping roller, the optical fiber guider and the bundling plate, so that the head end of the pretreated optical fiber reaches the optical fiber positioning roller;
the optical fiber positioning of the present invention comprises the steps of:
lifting the optical fiber positioning roller to enable the head end of the pretreated optical fiber to pass through the optical fiber positioning plate to reach the auxiliary pressing roller and then press the auxiliary pressing roller, loosening the auxiliary pressing roller after the head end of the pretreated optical fiber enters the cold die, pressing the optical fiber positioning roller, drawing lines and positioning after the head end of the pretreated optical fiber exits the hot die, and recording the length position.
The preparation method of the fiber reinforced plastic plate containing the fiber grating comprises the following steps of fiber dipping, fiber pretreatment, fiber extraction, fiber positioning and heating forming, wherein the fiber pretreatment, the fiber extraction and the fiber positioning steps can position the fiber in the fiber reinforced plastic plate, so that the fiber head end can be conveniently taken out, and the production process is stabilized; the fiber dipping and thermoforming steps can couple the optical fiber with the reinforced plastic sheet material. The preparation method solves the problems that the fiber grating is easy to float or deviate when being buried, the head end of the fiber is difficult to peel off and continuous integrated production is difficult. The preparation method solves the problems of the prior art that the difficulty in taking out the optical fiber after being embedded into the fiber reinforced plastic plate and the bare instability of the optical fiber when the long-distance fiber reinforced plastic plate is produced.
In the present invention, the fiber dipping refers to the resin dipping step of the fiber and the optical fiber before the preparation of the plate.
In the invention, the optical fiber is provided with at least one strain grating and at least one temperature grating sensor.
In the invention, the optical fiber pretreatment step requires two positioning sheets and an optical fiber extraction line, wherein the optical fiber extraction line is used for conveniently extracting the optical fiber for scratching the positioning sheets; the optical fiber taking-out line and the optical fiber are arranged in parallel, the optical fiber taking-out line and the optical fiber are arranged in parallel in the locating plate, the locating plates are bonded by adopting an adhesive, and the surface of the locating plate is properly subjected to demoulding treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, the monolayer thickness of the spacer of the present invention is 0.01 to 0.5mm, with typical but non-limiting thicknesses such as 0.01mm, 0.05mm, 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm; the length of the spacer of the present invention is 10 to 50cm, and its typical but non-limiting thickness is, for example, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 25cm, 30cm, 35cm, 40cm, 45cm, 50cm; the spacers of the present invention have a width of 1 to 10cm and a typical but non-limiting thickness of, for example, 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, 6m, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm, 10cm.
In a preferred embodiment, the fiber extraction line of the present invention has a diameter of 0.1 to 2mm, typical but non-limiting diameters being, for example, 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 0.1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm; the length of the fiber take-off line of the present invention is 10 to 50cm, with typical but non-limiting lengths such as 10cm, 12cm, 14cm, 16cm, 18cm, 20cm, 25cm, 30cm, 35cm, 40cm, 45cm, 50cm.
In the present invention, the fiber drawing step requires two fiber holding rolls, one of which is engraved with grooves having a diameter of 0.3 to 1mm, typical but non-limiting diameters being, for example, 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm; the depth of the groove is 0.1 to 0.5mm, typical but non-limiting depths are for example 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm; the extraction roller is pressurized by a spring or electrically or pneumatically; the invention uses the optical fiber clamping roller to control the tension of the optical fiber, and can avoid the problem of damage in the optical fiber unwinding process.
In a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the fiber guide of the present invention is rounded, and the side of the fiber guide is provided with a side groove having a diameter of 0.3-0.5 mm, such as, but not limited to, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm; the diameter of the fiber guide of the present invention is 0.5 to 10mm, and typical but non-limiting diameters thereof are, for example, 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, 8.5mm, 9mm, 10mm.
In the present invention, the fiber positioning step requires a fiber positioning roller, a fiber positioning plate, and a pair of auxiliary pressing rollers, which can be clamped or unclamped.
In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the fiber positioning roller of the present invention is provided with at least 1 positioning groove, preferably 1 to 5 grooves, with a groove pitch of 0.1 to 10cm, the grooves having a diameter of 0.3 to 0.5mm, typical but non-limiting diameters being, for example, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm; the depth of the groove is 0.1 to 0.5mm, typical but non-limiting depths are for example 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm; the groove is provided with a chamfer having r of 0.1 to 0.5mm, which is typically but not limited to e.g. 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm.
In the invention, a plurality of grooves on the optical fiber positioning roller can respectively position the embedded optical fibers; the optical fiber positioning roller can be lifted or fallen, and the position of the optical fiber positioning roller can be adjusted according to actual requirements; after the positions of the optical fiber positioning roller and the optical fiber positioning plate are adjusted, the optical fiber grating sensor can be positioned at the right center or the designed position of the fiber reinforced plastic plate.
In a preferred embodiment, the fiber positioning plate of the present invention has a length of 5 to 50cm, typical but non-limiting lengths of which are, for example, 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 25cm, 30cm, 35cm, 40cm, 45cm, 50cm; the width of the fiber positioning plate of the present invention is 3-50 cm, with typical but non-limiting widths such as 3cm, 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 25cm, 30cm, 35cm, 40cm, 45cm, 50cm; the thickness of the fiber positioning plate of the present invention is 0.1 to 3mm, and typical but non-limiting thicknesses thereof are, for example, 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm.
In the invention, the position of the optical fiber positioning plate can be adjusted according to actual needs.
In a preferred embodiment, the edge of the optical fiber positioning plate is provided with a diversion trench; the fiber positioning plate of the present invention is provided with at least 2 semicircular limiters having a diameter of 0.5 to 5cm, such as, but not limited to, 0.5cm, 1cm, 1.5cm, 2cm, 2.5cm, 3cm, 3.5cm, 4cm, 4.5cm, 5cm.
The invention embeds a plurality of optical fibers by arranging a plurality of grooves on the optical fiber positioning roller and arranging a plurality of semicircular limiters on the optical fiber positioning plate.
A typical preparation method of a fiber reinforced plastic board containing fiber gratings, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprises the following steps:
s1: starting a pultrusion machine, and carrying out pultrusion on the carbon fibers 13 into a carbon fiber reinforced plastic plate 12 under the assistance of a press roller 14 and the dipping of a glue groove 15;
s2: pretreating the head end of the optical fiber 3 to be buried to obtain a pretreated optical fiber, wherein the positioning sheet 01 is made of copper material, the length is 25cm, the width is 4cm, the single-layer thickness is 0.05mm, the optical fiber taking-out line 02 is made of copper material, the length is 27cm, the diameter is 0.3mm, and the surface of the positioning sheet 01 is coated with a release agent;
s3: drawing a length of optical fiber 3 from the optical fiber package 1, about 1.5m in length, gripping the optical fiber 3 with the fiber gripping roller 2, and passing the optical fiber 3 through the fiber guide 4 to the bundling plate 5;
s4: the head end 8 of the pretreated optical fiber passes through the bundling plate 5 to reach the optical fiber positioning roller 6;
s5: lifting the optical fiber positioning roller 6 to enable the head end 8 of the pretreated optical fiber to pass through the optical fiber positioning plate 7 to reach the auxiliary pressing roller 9;
s6: the pretreated optical fiber head end 8 reaches the auxiliary pressing roller 9 and then presses the auxiliary pressing roller 9;
s7: after the head end 8 of the pretreated optical fiber enters the cold die 10, the auxiliary pressing roller 9 is loosened, the optical fiber positioning roller 6 is pressed down, and the optical fiber 3 is kept in the central groove;
s8: the head end 8 of the pretreated optical fiber is drawn and positioned after being discharged from the hot die 11, and the length position is recorded after the required plate length is measured, and the length position is about 40m.
S9: and taking down the fiber reinforced plastic plate of the coupling fiber bragg grating, taking out the optical fiber, welding the joint and packaging and fixing to obtain a product for building reinforcement.
In the invention, the optical fiber pretreatment at least can contain more than one optical fiber, the optical fiber is carved with more than one fiber grating sensor, the optical fiber pretreatment comprises more than one optical fiber extraction line, the optical fiber extraction line and the optical fiber are arranged in parallel in a locating plate, the locating plates are bonded by adopting an adhesive, and the surface of the locating plate is properly subjected to demoulding treatment; at least one pair of optical fiber clamping rollers is needed for optical fiber extraction, grooves are engraved on the surfaces of the optical fiber clamping rollers, so that the optical fibers can be conveniently accommodated, and the optical fibers are pressurized in a mechanical or pneumatic or electric mode; the optical fiber positioning is positioned at 1/2 of the number of the fiber layers, at least one optical fiber can be positioned, and the optical fiber positioning roller is positioned in front of the semicircular limiters on the optical fiber positioning plate and is positioned in the middle groove when the optical fiber is buried.
In the invention, the problem of damage in the optical fiber unwinding process can be avoided by controlling the tension of the optical fiber by controlling the pair of optical fiber clamping rollers; the optical fiber head end is processed to achieve the aims of accurately positioning the optical fiber head end in the fiber reinforced plastic plate so as to facilitate the head end to be taken out, reduce the damage of the optical fiber and improve the production efficiency; controlling the position of the optical fiber in the fiber reinforced plastic plate by controlling the position of the optical fiber in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction; and (5) heating and forming to obtain the fiber reinforced plastic plate of the coupling fiber grating sensor.
In conclusion, the preparation method can stably lead out the optical fiber, apply certain tension and avoid the winding damage of the optical fiber caused by uneven tension when the optical fiber grating is led out; the position of the head end of the optical fiber in the plate can be conveniently and accurately positioned, so that complicated steps are avoided; the head end of the optical fiber can be efficiently taken out from the plate, so that the optical fiber is prevented from being damaged due to inaccurate positioning of the optical fiber when the optical fiber is taken out; the preparation method can stably place the optical fiber and the fiber grating sensor at the center or the design position of the reinforced plastic plate, and can effectively avoid the condition that the optical fiber is exposed on the surface of the plate in the production process; the invention can embed a plurality of optical fibers by arranging the number of grooves of the optical fiber positioning roller and the number of limiters on the optical fiber positioning plate; the preparation method can realize the continuity of the pultrusion process, and is convenient for mass production of fiber bragg grating-containing fiber reinforced plastic plates; the preparation method of the invention adopts an integrated molding design, is beneficial to prolonging the service life and the service life of the sensor and avoids the damage to the appearance of the plate.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fiber reinforced plastic board comprising a fiber grating, which is prepared by any one of the above preparation methods, and has the advantages of high monitoring accuracy and long service life.
According to a third aspect of the invention, the application of the fiber grating-containing fiber reinforced plastic board in reinforcing buildings and monitoring the mechanical properties of the buildings and the external temperature thereof is provided, and the fiber grating-containing fiber reinforced plastic board has the characteristics of strong operability, high safety and long service life of the board.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The materials in the examples were prepared according to the existing methods or were directly commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The preparation method of the fiber reinforced plastic plate containing the fiber gratings, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, comprises the following steps:
the embodiment adopts an embedded integrated molding design fiber reinforced plastic board, and comprises fiber dipping, fiber pretreatment, fiber extraction, fiber positioning and heating molding, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: starting a pultrusion machine, and carrying out pultrusion on the carbon fiber 13 to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced plastic plate 12 under the assistance of the press roller 14 and the dipping of the glue groove 15;
step 2: pretreating the head end of the optical fiber 3 to obtain a pretreated head end 8 of the optical fiber, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, wherein the positioning sheet 01 is made of copper material, the length is 25cm, the width is 4cm, the single-layer thickness is 0.05mm, the optical fiber extraction line 02 is made of copper material, the length is 27cm, the diameter is 0.3mm, and the surface of the positioning sheet 01 is coated with a release agent;
step 3: a length of optical fiber (see fig. 3) is drawn from the optical fiber package 1, about 1.5m long, the optical fiber 3 is gripped by the fiber gripping roller 2, and the optical fiber 3 is passed through the fiber guide 4, see fig. 1;
step 4: the head end 8 of the pretreated optical fiber passes through the bundling plate 5 to reach the optical fiber positioning roller 6, see fig. 1;
step 5: lifting the optical fiber positioning roller 6 to enable the head end 8 of the pretreated optical fiber to pass through an optical fiber positioning plate 7 (the position relationship between the optical fiber positioning roller 6 and the optical fiber positioning plate 7 is shown in fig. 4, a plurality of positioning grooves 06 are formed in the optical fiber positioning roller, a diversion trench 16 is formed in the edge of the optical fiber positioning plate, and a plurality of limiters 07 are formed in the optical fiber positioning plate) to reach an auxiliary pressing roller 9, which is shown in fig. 1;
step 6: the head end 8 of the pretreated optical fiber reaches the auxiliary pressing roller 9 and then presses the auxiliary pressing roller 9;
step 7: after the head end 8 of the pretreated optical fiber enters the cold die 10, the auxiliary pressing roller 9 is loosened, the optical fiber positioning roller 6 is pressed down, and the optical fiber 3 is kept in the central groove, as shown in fig. 1;
step 8: drawing lines and positioning after the head end 8 of the pretreated optical fiber is discharged from the hot die 11, measuring the required length of the plate, and recording the length position by about 40m;
step 9: and taking down the fiber reinforced plastic plate of the coupling fiber bragg grating, taking out the optical fiber, welding the joint and packaging and fixing to obtain a product for building reinforcement.
The optical fiber is carved with an optical fiber grating sensor, an optical fiber outgoing line and an optical fiber are arranged in parallel, the optical fiber outgoing line and the optical fiber are arranged in parallel and are bonded with a locating plate by adopting an adhesive, and the surface of the locating plate is properly subjected to demoulding treatment; when the optical fiber is led out, at least one pair of optical fiber clamping rollers is needed, the optical fiber tension is controlled by controlling the optical fiber clamping rollers, the optical fiber is prevented from being damaged in the unwinding process, grooves are engraved on the surfaces of the optical fiber clamping rollers to accommodate the optical fiber, and the optical fiber is pressurized in a mechanical or pneumatic or electric mode; the optical fiber positioning is carried out at 1/2 of the number of the fiber layers, and the optical fiber positioning roller is positioned in front of the circular limiter on the optical fiber positioning plate and is positioned in the groove of the optical fiber positioning roller when the optical fiber is buried; the reinforced plastic plate of the coupling fiber grating sensor is obtained by heating and forming, see fig. 5 and 6, the optical fiber 3, the fiber reinforced plastic plate 30 and the fiber grating sensor 33.
Comparative example 1
In CN105423938A, a groove method is used to embed the fiber grating.
The fiber bragg grating is buried in the CN105423938A by a grooving method, but the self performance of the plate is easily damaged, and the service life is reduced; the preparation method can conveniently take out part of optical fibers from the plate for welding, can stably keep the optical fiber grating at the center of the plate or at a pre-designed position, and simultaneously ensures the operability and safety of continuous production in practical application and the service life of the plate.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the fiber reinforced plastic plate containing the fiber grating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
fiber dipping, fiber pretreatment, fiber extraction, fiber positioning and heating forming to obtain the fiber reinforced plastic plate containing the fiber grating;
wherein, the optical fiber pretreatment comprises the following steps:
pretreating the head end of the optical fiber by using the locating plate and the optical fiber take-out line to obtain a pretreated optical fiber;
the optical fiber extraction comprises the following steps:
the optical fiber passes through the optical fiber clamping roller, the optical fiber guider and the bundling plate, so that the head end of the pretreated optical fiber reaches the optical fiber positioning roller;
the optical fiber positioning comprises the following steps:
lifting the optical fiber positioning roller to enable the head end of the pretreated optical fiber to pass through the optical fiber positioning plate to reach the auxiliary pressing roller and then press the auxiliary pressing roller, loosening the auxiliary pressing roller after the head end of the pretreated optical fiber enters the cold die, pressing the optical fiber positioning roller, drawing lines and positioning after the head end of the pretreated optical fiber exits the hot die, and recording the length position.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the optical fiber is provided with at least one strain grating and at least one temperature grating sensor.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the single layer of the positioning sheet has a thickness of 0.01-0.5 mm, a length of 10-50 cm and a width of 1-10 cm.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber extraction line has a diameter of 0.1 to 2mm and a length of 10 to 50cm.
5. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the fiber holding roller has a roller surface provided with a holding groove;
the diameter of the clamping groove is 0.3-1 mm, and the depth of the clamping groove is 0.1-0.5 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the side of the fiber guide is provided with a side groove;
the diameter of the side groove is 0.3-0.5 mm;
the aperture of the fiber guide is 0.5-10 mm.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the fiber positioning roller is provided with at least 1 positioning groove;
the diameter of the positioning groove is 0.3-0.5 mm, the depth of the positioning groove is 0.1-0.5 mm, and a chamfer angle with r of 0.1-0.5 mm is arranged.
8. The method for manufacturing a fiber positioning plate according to claim 1, wherein the length of the fiber positioning plate is 5-50 cm, the width of the fiber positioning plate is 3-50 cm, and the thickness of the fiber positioning plate is 0.1-3 mm;
the edge of the optical fiber positioning plate is provided with a diversion trench;
at least 2 semicircular limiters are arranged on the optical fiber positioning plate;
the diameter of the semicircular limiter is 0.5-5 cm.
9. A fiber reinforced plastic board containing fiber gratings prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of a fiber reinforced plastic panel comprising fiber gratings according to claim 9 for reinforcing buildings and monitoring the mechanical properties of the building and its external temperature.
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