CN114425657A - Laser marking color drawing method - Google Patents
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- CN114425657A CN114425657A CN202210120822.8A CN202210120822A CN114425657A CN 114425657 A CN114425657 A CN 114425657A CN 202210120822 A CN202210120822 A CN 202210120822A CN 114425657 A CN114425657 A CN 114425657A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000010330 laser marking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/362—Laser etching
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of laser marking, in particular to a laser marking color image method, which comprises the following steps: randomly selecting a color graph, and presetting a positive integer value n as a layering number according to the color graph characteristics; extracting n groups of different RGB values of the color map directly by using a color extractor or selecting n groups of different RGB values with strongest capability of describing the color map from a color library by using a description capability statistical method; splitting the color map into n layers corresponding to single RGB values according to the n groups of different RGB values with the strongest ability for describing the color map; and successively marking each layered layer on the target working surface by using a laser marking machine to finally form a colorful image. The invention ensures that the selection of the colors and the laser parameters of the picture has higher rationality, and the colors in the original picture can be reproduced as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the processing efficiency. The invention simplifies the working process of the laser marking color picture and improves the processing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser marking color drawing method, and belongs to the technical field of laser marking.
Background
As another important invention of human beings following atomic energy, computers, semiconductors, the laser is called "fastest knife", "best-line ruler", and "brightest light". Because the laser has the characteristics of high brightness, high directivity, high monochromaticity and high coherence, the comprehensive advantages of the laser are obvious compared with the traditional processing mode. Along with continuous progress of laser technology and reduction of cost, laser permeability is continuously improved, and application fields are rapidly expanded from material processing and communication optical storage to scientific research, military, instrument sensing and other fields. With the warming-up of the domestic manufacturing industry and the continuous increase of the demand of emerging services, the domestic related laser industry is rapidly increased.
Laser marking is a technique that uses the thermal effect of a laser to ablate away surface material of an object, leaving a permanent mark. Compared with the traditional marking methods such as electrochemistry, machinery and the like, the method has the advantages of no pollution, high speed, high quality, high flexibility, no contact with work and the like. In recent years, laser marking has become a conventional processing method in many fields instead of a conventional marking method, and even has become a new industry standard. The laser marking machine is an electromechanical integrated device integrating the technologies of laser, optics, precision machinery, computers and the like. The laser mainly comprises a laser, an optical system and a controller, wherein the controller is a core component. The controller goes through two development stages of hardware numerical control (nC) and computer numerical control (CnC), cost performance is continuously improved along with rapid development of computer technology since 90 years, and a computer-based numerical control system becomes the mainstream of control system development.
Lasers have found wide acceptance in many industrial sectors for marking applications, thereby placing increased demands on laser color marking technology. Because the laser parameters correspond to the colors generated on the metal surface one by one, the pictures cannot be directly processed, and the marking of complex color pictures cannot be realized. The laser acts on the heat effect generated by the surface to be marked to form an oxide film on the surface, and the thickness of the oxide film is controlled by the overlapping mode of the laser beam energy and the pulse action, so that the marks with different colors are realized. Regarding the color image marking method, a color mixing marking method is currently known. The method requires that a color point without marking is small enough, the resolution of a pigment is lower than the resolution of human eyes, the resolution of the human eyes is 0.02mm, the distance between the color point and the color point is less than 0.02mm, when a laser beam acts in the distance range, heat effects can affect each other, the thickness of an oxide film is changed, the color of the color point is changed, the change is not simple three-primary-color superposition, the interference effect based on the oxide film is unpredictable, the expected effect cannot be realized, and the color confusion phenomenon can occur in a final marking graph.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser marking color image method, which can restore an original image in all aspects of shape, color and brightness, improve the restoration degree of the original image and realize marking of a complex color image.
A laser marking color picture method comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a color graph, presetting a positive integer value n as a layering number according to the color graph characteristics, wherein n is 5-20;
2) extracting n groups of different RGB values of the color map directly by using a color extractor or selecting n groups of different RGB values with strongest capability of describing the color map from a color library by using a description capability statistical method;
3) splitting the color map into n layers corresponding to single RGB values according to the n groups of different RGB values with the strongest ability for describing the color map; the method comprises the following specific steps:
3-1) establishing a null list, recording the null list as Flist, calculating a description coefficient DC corresponding to all data in a color library, screening n groups of data meeting the requirements after increasing the sequence of the obtained results, and putting the n groups of data into the Flist;
3-2) after the data screening is finished, layering the pictures according to n groups of data in the list Flist, and converting RGB data of the original image into a three-dimensional array with the size of mxpx3;
3-3) sequentially generating n arrays which are formed by single pixel values and have the size of m multiplied by p multiplied by 3 according to n groups of data of the Flist;
3-4) calculating the original image array and the generated n arrays to obtain the Euclidean distance D of each pixel pointij，DijThe expression of (a) is as follows:
in the formulaoij、Goij、BoijRepresenting the RGB parameter values, R, of the original at points x i, y jn、Gn、BnRepresents a set of color data in the list flip,
3-5) combining the generated n Euclidean arrays with the size of M multiplied by p multiplied by 1 into an M multiplied by p multiplied by n three-dimensional array, and taking the position corresponding to the minimum Value of the Euclidean arrays in the third dimension to obtain an M multiplied by p multiplied by 1 array M, wherein each element Value of the array represents that the pixel point is most accordant with the first Value array data in the Flist;
3-6) expanding the array M into n arrays with the sequence numbers from 1 to n and the size of M multiplied by p multiplied by 1, wherein the Value of the point Value is the same as the sequence number of the expanded array, the Value of the array is 1, and the Value of the point Value is different from the sequence number of the expanded array, and the Value of the array is 0;
3-7) multiplying the obtained arrays by data values corresponding to the serial numbers in the Flist respectively, modifying all [0,0,0] values into [255,255 ], and finally obtaining n arrays with the size of m multiplied by p multiplied by 3, namely layered pictures;
4) and successively marking each layered layer on the target working surface by using a laser marking machine to finally form a colorful image.
Preferably, in the step 2, n groups of color RGB values with the strongest description ability are selected from the color library by using a description ability statistical method, which is specifically as follows:
1) after the original picture is divided into n layers, each group of data of the color library is respectively identical to the pictureThe RGB of each pixel point of the chip is differenced to obtain the Euclidean distance d between the pixel pointsij，
In the formula: roij、Goij、BoijRepresenting RGB parameter values of the original image at points x-i and y-j; rl、Gl、BlA set of RGB parameter values representing color library data;
2) calculating the description capacity of each group of color data to the picture, and selecting n groups of different RGB values with the strongest description capacity of the color picture according to the DC value, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
preferably, the specific steps of screening n groups of data meeting the requirements in the step 3 and putting the data into the Flist are as follows:
1) sequentially taking out data according to the DCs which are sequentially ordered in an increasing mode;
2) judging whether similar data exist in the Flist list, if so, returning to the step 1, and if not, adding the data into another new Flist;
3) and judging whether the number of the Flist data is equal to n, if not, returning to the step 1, and if so, outputting a new Flist list.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention matches the picture with the laser parameter, can restore the color and shape of the color picture, has higher reducibility to the color picture, simplifies the working process of the laser marking machine and improves the working efficiency.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the flow structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A laser marking color picture method comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a color image, presetting a positive integer value n as a layering number according to the color image characteristics, and taking n as 20;
2) extracting n groups of different RGB values of the color map directly by using a color extractor or selecting n groups of different RGB values with strongest capability of describing the color map from a color library by using a description capability statistical method; the method comprises the following specific steps:
2-1) dividing the original picture into 20 layers, and respectively subtracting each group of data of the color library from RGB of each pixel point of the picture to obtain Euclidean distance d between the pixel pointsij，
In the formula: r isoij、Goij、BoijRepresenting RGB parameter values of the original image at points x-i and y-j; rl、Gl、BlA set of RGB parameter values representing color library data;
2-2) calculating the description ability of each group of color data to the picture, selecting n groups of different RGB values with the strongest description ability of the color picture according to the DC value, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
20 sets of RGB values were obtained: [201,143,129],[161,114,86],[155,120,98],[36,35,33],[2,5,10],[123,121,145],[158,127,36],[188,193,212],[197,197,197],[127,83,46],[131,115,89],[164,102,41],[104,107,122],[107,146,40],[135,197,50],[143,195,58],[108,168,44],[115,151,51],[79,61,47],[79,80,60].
2-3) splitting the color map into 20 layers corresponding to single RGB values according to the screened 20 groups of different RGB values with strongest describing color map capability; the method comprises the following specific steps:
3-1) establishing a null list, recording the null list as Flist, calculating a description coefficient DC corresponding to all data in a color library, screening 20 groups of data meeting the requirements after increasing the sequence of the obtained results, and putting the data into the Flist; the method comprises the following specific steps:
3-1-1) sequentially taking out data according to the DC with increasing sequence;
3-1-2) judging whether similar data exist in the Flist list, if so, returning to the step 1, and if not, adding the data into another new Flist;
3-1-3) judging whether the number of the Flist data is equal to 20, if not, returning to the step 1, and if so, outputting a new Flist list, if so, equal to 20.
3-2) after the data screening is finished, layering the pictures according to 20 groups of data in the list Flist, and converting the RGB data of the original image into a three-dimensional array with the size of mxpx3;
3-3) sequentially generating 20 arrays which are formed by single pixel values and have the size of m multiplied by p multiplied by 3 according to 20 groups of data of the Flist;
3-4) calculating the original image array and the generated 20 arrays to obtain the Euclidean distance D of each pixel pointij，DijThe expression of (a) is as follows:
in the formulaoij、Goij、BoijRepresenting the RGB parameter values, R, of the original at points x i, y jn、Gn、BnRepresents a set of color data in the list flip,
3-5) combining the generated 20M × p × 1 Euclidean arrays into an M × p × n three-dimensional array, and taking the position corresponding to the minimum Value of the three-dimensional array in the third dimension to obtain an M × p × 1 array M, wherein each element Value of the array represents that the most consistent pixel point is the first Value array data in the Flist;
3-6) expanding the array M into 20 arrays with the sequence numbers of 1-20 and the size of M multiplied by p multiplied by 1, wherein the Value of the point Value is the same as the sequence number of the expanded array, the Value of the array is 1, and the Value of the point Value is different from the sequence number of the expanded array, and the Value of the array is 0;
3-7) multiplying the obtained array by the data value corresponding to the serial number in the Flist respectively, modifying all the [0,0,0] values into [255,255 ], and finally obtaining 20 arrays with the size of m multiplied by p multiplied by 3, namely layered pictures;
4) opening a laser marking machine, setting parameters, and finding working parameters of the marking machine corresponding to the RGB value of each layer; inputting 20 monochromatic image layers into a computer; and setting corresponding marking parameters of each image layer. And starting the marking machine to mark.
Claims (3)
1. A laser marking color picture method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting a color graph, presetting a positive integer value n as a layering number according to the color graph characteristics, wherein n is 5-20;
2) extracting n groups of different RGB values of the color map directly by using a color extractor or selecting n groups of different RGB values with strongest capability of describing the color map from a color library by using a description capability statistical method;
3) splitting the color map into n layers corresponding to single RGB values according to the n groups of different RGB values with the strongest ability for describing the color map; the method comprises the following specific steps:
3-1) establishing a null list, recording the null list as Flist, calculating a description coefficient DC corresponding to all data in a color library, screening n groups of data meeting the requirements after increasing the sequence of the obtained results, and putting the n groups of data into the Flist;
3-2) after the data screening is finished, layering the pictures according to n groups of data in the list Flist, and converting RGB data of the original image into a three-dimensional array with the size of mxpx3;
3-3) sequentially generating n arrays which are formed by single pixel values and have the size of m multiplied by p multiplied by 3 according to n groups of data of the Flist;
3-4) calculating the original image array and the generated n arrays to obtain the Euclidean distance D of each pixel pointij，DijThe expression of (a) is as follows:
in the formulaoij、Goij、BoijRGB parameter values, R, representing the original at points x i, y jn、Gn、BnRepresents a set of color data in the list flip,
3-5) combining the generated n Euclidean arrays with the size of M multiplied by p multiplied by 1 into an M multiplied by p multiplied by n three-dimensional array, and taking the position corresponding to the minimum Value of the Euclidean arrays in the third dimension to obtain an M multiplied by p multiplied by 1 array M, wherein each element Value of the array represents that the pixel point is most accordant with the first Value array data in the Flist;
3-6) expanding the array M into n arrays with the sequence numbers from 1 to n and the size of M multiplied by p multiplied by 1, wherein the Value of the point Value is the same as the sequence number of the expanded array, the Value of the array is 1, and the Value of the point Value is different from the sequence number of the expanded array, and the Value of the array is 0;
3-7) multiplying the obtained arrays by data values corresponding to the serial numbers in the Flist respectively, modifying all [0,0,0] values into [255,255 ], and finally obtaining n arrays with the size of m multiplied by p multiplied by 3, namely layered pictures;
4) and successively marking each layered layer on the target working surface by using a laser marking machine to finally form a colorful image.
2. The laser marking color graph method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step 2 selects n sets of RGB values of the color with the strongest description ability from the color library by using a description ability statistical method, specifically as follows:
1) after the original picture is divided into n layers, each group of data in the color library is respectively differenced with RGB of each pixel point of the picture, and the Euclidean distance d between the pixel points is obtainedij，
In the formula: roij、Goij、BoijRepresenting RGB parameter values of the original image at points x-i and y-j; rl、Gl、BlA set of RGB parameter values representing color library data;
2) calculating the description capacity of each group of color data to the picture, and selecting n groups of different RGB values with the strongest description capacity of the color picture according to the DC value, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
3. the laser marking color picture method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific steps of screening n groups of data meeting the requirements in the step 3 and putting the n groups of data into a Flist are as follows:
1) sequentially taking out data according to the DCs which are sequentially ordered in an increasing mode;
2) judging whether similar data exist in the Flist list, if so, returning to the step 1, and if not, adding the data into another new Flist;
3) and judging whether the number of the Flist data is equal to n, if not, returning to the step 1, and if so, outputting a new Flist list.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5703709A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1997-12-30 | Komatsu Ltd. | Method and device for color laser marking |
| US5977514A (en) * | 1997-06-13 | 1999-11-02 | M.A. Hannacolor | Controlled color laser marking of plastics |
| CN104014935A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-09-03 | 宁波镭基光电技术有限公司 | Laser univariate color marking system and method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5703709A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1997-12-30 | Komatsu Ltd. | Method and device for color laser marking |
| US5977514A (en) * | 1997-06-13 | 1999-11-02 | M.A. Hannacolor | Controlled color laser marking of plastics |
| CN104014935A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-09-03 | 宁波镭基光电技术有限公司 | Laser univariate color marking system and method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 赵帆;: "振镜式激光打标系统及工艺参数分析", 软件导刊, no. 11, 28 November 2013 (2013-11-28) * |
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