CN114422041A

CN114422041A - Nuclear signal simulation method, device, terminal and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN114422041A
Application number: CN202111587953.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邵云东; 王超; 何高魁; 宛玉晴; 田华阳; 阙子昂; 刘洋; 张思颖
Original assignee: China Institute of Atomic of Energy
Current assignee: China Institute of Atomic of Energy
Priority date: 2021-12-23
Filing date: 2021-12-23
Publication date: 2022-04-29
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-23
Also published as: CN114422041B

Abstract

The application relates to a nuclear signal simulation method, a nuclear signal simulation device, a terminal and a storage medium, which are applied to the field of nuclear detection. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring at least one randomly generated ray signal; determining whether each of the ray signals has an anti-beta decay event based on the amplitude of each of the ray signals and a first random constant; if so, acquiring each neutron signal and each positron signal generated by each ray signal; determining a first time of capture of each said neutron signal and a second time of annihilation of each said positron signal; and outputting a first signal corresponding to each neutron signal when the first time corresponding to each neutron signal is reached, and/or outputting a second signal corresponding to each positron signal when the second time corresponding to each positron signal is reached.

Description

Nuclear signal simulation method, device, terminal and storage medium

Technical Field

The present application relates to, but not limited to, the field of nuclear detection, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a terminal, and a storage medium for simulating a nuclear signal.

Background

At present, a general signal generator adopts a DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer) signal synthesis principle, and generates signals of a specified frequency and amplitude in a Digital frequency synthesis manner, wherein the signals are periodic signals. Moreover, nuclear reactions are difficult to occur, so that detection is extremely difficult; the nuclear reaction is difficult to distinguish from the background, and the time required for detection is long. Therefore, after the nuclear detector is constructed, the function and performance of the nuclear detector cannot be rapidly verified, and it is not guaranteed that the function of the device is satisfactory when the nuclear detector is put into formal work.

Moreover, most of the existing nuclear signal simulation devices simulate a single nuclear power general signal, and the simulation of the time and energy relationship among signals output by some complex nuclear reactions is less.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide a method, an apparatus, a terminal and a storage medium for kernel signal simulation.

The technical scheme of the application is realized as follows:

a method of nuclear signal simulation, the method comprising:

acquiring at least one randomly generated ray signal;

determining whether each of the ray signals has an anti-beta decay event based on the amplitude of each of the ray signals and a first random constant;

if so, acquiring each neutron signal and each positron signal generated by each ray signal;

determining a first time of capture of each said neutron signal and a second time of annihilation of each said positron signal;

and outputting a first signal corresponding to each neutron signal at the first time corresponding to each neutron signal, and/or outputting a second signal corresponding to each positron signal at the second time corresponding to each positron signal.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

acquiring a first attenuation signal corresponding to each attenuated neutron signal based on the amplitude and a first attenuation time constant of the gamma photon signal corresponding to each neutron signal;

said outputting a first signal corresponding to each said neutron signal at said first time to each said neutron signal, comprising:

outputting the first attenuation signal corresponding to each of the neutron signals at the first time of arrival for each of the neutron signals.

In some embodiments, the first signal comprises: a first random signal;

the method comprises the following steps:

acquiring a first attenuation signal corresponding to each attenuated neutron signal based on the amplitude and the attenuation time constant of the gamma photon signal corresponding to each neutron signal;

determining the first attenuation signal with the amplitude meeting a first preset amplitude range as a first random signal based on the amplitude of the first attenuation signal;

and outputting the first random signal corresponding to each neutron signal when the first time of each neutron signal is reached.

In some embodiments, the second signal comprises: a second attenuated signal;

the method comprises the following steps:

acquiring a second attenuation signal corresponding to each attenuated positron signal based on the amplitude and a second attenuation time constant of the double-gamma photon signal corresponding to each positron signal;

said outputting a second signal corresponding to each said positron signal at said second time of arrival for each said positron signal, comprising:

outputting the second attenuation signal corresponding to each of the positron signals at the second time of arrival for each of the positron signals.

In some embodiments, the second signal comprises: a second random signal;

the method comprises the following steps:

determining the second attenuation signal with the amplitude meeting a second predetermined amplitude range as a second random signal based on the amplitude of the second attenuation signal;

outputting the second random signal corresponding to each of the positron signals at the second time of arrival for each of the positron signals.

In some embodiments, said outputting a first signal corresponding to each said neutron signal up to said first time of each said neutron signal comprises:

if the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the first time of at least two neutron signals is within a first preset time range, superposing first signals corresponding to at least two neutron signals;

outputting the first signal after superposition;

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

outputting a second signal corresponding to each said positron signal at said second time corresponding to each said positron signal, comprising:

if the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the second time of the at least two positron signals is within a second preset time range, superposing the second signals corresponding to the at least two positron signals;

and outputting the second signal after superposition.

In some embodiments, said determining whether each said ray signal has an anti-beta decay event based on the amplitude of each said ray signal and a first random constant comprises:

determining a predetermined probability of each of the ray signals occurring the anti-beta decay event based on the magnitude of each of the ray signals;

determining a first probability based on the first random constant;

determining that the anti-beta decay event occurred if the first probability is less than or equal to a predetermined probability;

alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

determining that the anti-beta decay event does not occur if the first probability is greater than a predetermined probability.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

determining whether each neutron signal generates a capture event or not based on the amplitude of the ray signal corresponding to each neutron signal and a second random constant;

outputting a first signal corresponding to each said neutron signal at said first time for each said neutron signal, comprising:

if the neutron signal is determined to generate the capture event, outputting a first signal corresponding to the neutron signal when the first time of the neutron signal is reached.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

if the neutron signal is determined to generate the capture event, determining that the capture event captured by the hydrogen atom or the capture event captured by the gadolinium atom occurs based on the ratio of the capture probability of the hydrogen atom to the capture probability of the gadolinium atom.

In some embodiments, the neutron signal generates a capture event, comprising: the neutron signal generates a capture event captured by a hydrogen atom, or the neutron signal generates a capture event captured by a gadolinium atom;

if it is determined that a capture event captured by a hydrogen atom occurs, outputting a first signal corresponding to a gamma photon of the neutron signal captured by the hydrogen atom at the first time of reaching the neutron signal; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

if it is determined that a capture event by gadolinium atoms has occurred, outputting a first signal corresponding to gamma photons of the neutron signal after capture by gadolinium atoms at the first time that the neutron signal is reached.

In some embodiments, the acquiring the randomly generated at least one ray signal comprises:

acquiring at least one randomly generated ray signal at the same time;

alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

acquiring 1 st to ith ray signals respectively corresponding to randomly generated 1 st to ith moments; wherein i is an integer of 1 or more.

In some embodiments, said outputting a first signal corresponding to each said neutron signal at said first time of arrival corresponding to each said neutron signal and outputting a second signal corresponding to each said positron signal at said second time of arrival corresponding to each said positron signal comprises:

and outputting a first signal corresponding to the neutron signal generated by each ray signal and a second signal corresponding to the positron signal by using the same output channel.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a nuclear signal simulation apparatus, including:

an acquisition module for acquiring at least one randomly generated ray signal;

the processing module is used for determining whether each ray signal generates an anti-beta decay event or not based on the amplitude of each ray signal and a first random constant;

the processing module is also used for acquiring each positron signal and each neutron signal generated by each ray signal if the positron signal and the neutron signal occur;

the processing module is further configured to determine a first time at which each said neutron signal is captured and a second time at which each said positron signal is annihilated;

and the output module is used for outputting a first signal corresponding to each neutron signal when the first time corresponding to each neutron signal is reached, and/or outputting a second signal corresponding to each positron signal when the second time corresponding to each positron is reached. .

The embodiment of the application also provides a nuclear signal simulation terminal, which comprises a processor and a memory for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor; the processor is configured to implement the core signal simulation method according to any embodiment of the present application when running a computer program.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium, where the storage medium has computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor to implement the core signal simulation method according to any embodiment of the present application.

The embodiment of the application provides a nuclear signal simulation method, which comprises the steps of obtaining at least one randomly generated ray signal; determining whether each of the ray signals has an anti-beta decay event based on the amplitude of each of the ray signals and a first random constant; if so, acquiring each neutron signal and each positron signal generated by each ray signal; determining a first time of capture of each said neutron signal and a second time of annihilation of each said positron signal; and outputting a first signal corresponding to each neutron signal when the first time corresponding to each neutron signal is reached, and/or outputting a second signal corresponding to each positron signal when the second time corresponding to each positron signal is reached. Thus, the present application may simulate the output of a signal generated by the reaction of at least one temporally randomly generated radiation signal (e.g., anti-neutrino) based on the output of a signal after the reaction of an analog radiation signal, such as the random generation of an analog radiation signal and the output of a signal corresponding to a neutron signal and a positron signal generated by the anti-beta decay event of the radiation signal; therefore, various functions and performances of the nuclear detector can be verified based on the signal output after at least one nuclear signal is reacted; thereby improving the detection accuracy of the nuclear detector.

If a plurality of ray signals are available, a plurality of nuclear signals can be simulated, and a plurality of paths of simulated signals are output to the nuclear detector; therefore, the output of the simulated complex nuclear reaction signal can be realized, various functions and performances of the nuclear signal detector can be verified based on the multi-path analog signal, and the detection reliability of the nuclear detector can be further improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a nuclear signal simulation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for determining occurrence of an event by using a nuclear signal according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for constructing a core signal output channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a nuclear signal simulation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a nuclear signal simulation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a nuclear signal simulation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a nuclear signal simulation method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a nuclear signal simulation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a nuclear signal simulation method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a nuclear signal simulation method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a nuclear signal simulation method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a nuclear signal simulation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a nuclear signal simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a nuclear signal simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 15 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of a core signal terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

In the following description, suffixes such as "module", "component", or "unit" used to denote elements are used only for the convenience of description of the present application, and have no specific meaning by themselves. Thus, "module", "component" or "unit" may be used mixedly.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a nuclear signal simulation method, where the method includes:

step S101: acquiring at least one randomly generated ray signal;

step S102: determining whether each of the ray signals has an anti-beta decay event based on the amplitude of each of the ray signals and a first random constant;

step S103: if so, acquiring each neutron signal and each positron signal generated by each ray signal;

step S104: determining a first time of capture of each said neutron signal and a second time of annihilation of each said positron signal;

step S105: and outputting a first signal corresponding to each neutron signal at the first time corresponding to each neutron signal, and/or outputting a second signal corresponding to each positron signal at the second time corresponding to each positron signal.

The nuclear signal simulation method is executed by a terminal. The terminal can be various types of terminals; for example, the terminal may be, but is not limited to, at least one of: a server, a computer, a tablet, a signal generating device, a probe, or other electronic device.

In one embodiment, the radiation signal may be a temporally random signal generated using a radiation signal generator. The ray signal generator may be, but is not limited to: and a random generator for anti-neutrino ray.

In one embodiment, the ray signal may be, but is not limited to: a nuclear signal. The nuclear signal may be, but is not limited to: anti-neutrino signals.

The ray signal generated in this step S101 is an analog signal having a certain amplitude. Illustratively, the ray signal may be: a specific value is the amplitude of the ray signal. The ray signal may also be: a signal with an amplitude that is evenly distributed over a time interval. The ray signal may also be: a signal with an amplitude that is evenly distributed over a plurality of time intervals.

One implementation manner of acquiring the at least one randomly generated ray signal in step S101 is as follows: at least one randomly generated ray signal at the same time is acquired.

Illustratively, at one moment, the terminal acquires a plurality of ray signals. For example, there are 10 radiation signal generators. At a moment, the terminal simultaneously acquires the ray signals generated by the 10 ray signal generators, namely acquires the 10 ray signals at a moment. Therefore, the parallel random generation process of the anti-neutron rays relevant to time can be simulated.

Another implementation manner of acquiring the at least one randomly generated ray signal in step S101 is as follows: acquiring 1 st to ith ray signals respectively corresponding to randomly generated 1 st to ith moments; wherein i is an integer of 1 or more.

Illustratively, at one time, the terminal acquires a ray signal. For example, there are 10 radiation signal generators. At the 1 st moment, the terminal acquires the 1 st ray signal generated by any one of the 10 ray signal generators. At the 2 nd moment, the terminal acquires the 2 nd ray signal generated by any ray signal generator in the 10 ray signal generators. At the 3 rd moment, the terminal acquires the 3 rd ray signal generated by any one of the 10 ray signal generators. In this way, embodiments of the present application may simulate a time-dependent serial random generation process of a ray signal (e.g., an anti-neutrino).

In one embodiment, the step S102 includes:

determining a first probability based on the first random constant;

alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

Here, the first random constant may be an area of a two-dimensional polygon.

In one embodiment, the first random constant is determined by at least two random numbers that are respectively used to characterize the number and density of species that undergo anti-beta decay events with the radiation signal. Wherein, the two random numbers may be the same or different.

Exemplary, as shown in fig. 2 for an area ratio method. The ray signal is reacted to form a certain reaction area, and the maximum value of the reaction area is the area A. The first random constant is the area of a square. The terminal generates two random numbers C1 and C2 using a simulation technique, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). An area C is determined based on the random numbers C1 and C2, i.e., the first random constant. And the area C is less than or equal to the area A. And if the area C corresponding to the ray signal is smaller than or equal to the area B corresponding to the ray signal, determining that the anti-beta decay event occurs in each ray signal.

For example, binary stores have a maximum range of an integer of [0, 2 ]³²]The setting area A is 2⁶⁴. The value ranges of two random numbers C1 and C2 are set as [0, 2 ]³²]For example, the random number C1 is 2²And the random number C2 is 2³. Determining the area C to be 2 based on the product of the random number C1 and the random number C2⁵. The value range of the amplitude of the ray signal is set to be 0, 2³²]Obtaining a ray signal having an amplitude of 2³Determining the predetermined reaction area B to be 2⁶. And the area C is smaller than the area B, namely determining that the ray signal has an anti-beta decay event.

In the above embodiment, if the area C corresponding to the ray signal is larger than the area B corresponding to the ray signal, it is determined that the anti-beta decay event does not occur in each ray signal.

For example, the random number C1 is 2²And the random number C2 is 2³. Determining the area C to be 2 based on the product of the random number C1 and the random number C2⁵. Obtaining a ray signal having an amplitude of 2³Determining the predetermined reaction area B to be 2⁶. Area C is larger than area B, i.e. it is determined that no anti-beta decay events occur in the radiation signal.

Therefore, the embodiment of the application can acquire random numbers in a certain range, and determine whether each ray signal has an anti-beta decay event or not by using an area ratio method. In addition, the number and density of substances which react with the ray signals can be changed by acquiring different random numbers according to the embodiment of the application; and determining different reaction cross sections according to the ray signals, and further flexibly setting the probability of the occurrence of the anti-beta decay event. The situation that the flux of the anti-neutrino molecules becomes larger and smaller is simulated, and the method can be used for quickly verifying the sensitivity and the reliability of the nuclear detection device.

In one embodiment, the first random constants used to determine whether anti-beta decay events occur for a plurality of the ray signals may be the same.

Illustratively, the two generated random numbers are identical, from which the first random constant is determined. Two ray signals are acquired: a first ray signal and a second ray signal. A first predetermined probability is determined based on the magnitude of the first ray signal. Comparing the first predetermined probability to a first random constant, determining whether an anti-beta decay event occurred in the first ray signal. Determining a second predetermined probability based on the magnitude of the second ray signal. Comparing the second area value to a first random constant to determine whether an anti-beta decay event has occurred in the second ray signal.

For example, the random number is 1, and the first random constant is determined to be 1¹1. The first ray signal amplitude is 2, and the first predetermined probability is determined to be 2²4. The first random constant is less than the first predetermined probability and it is determined that an anti-beta decay event occurred in the first ray signal. The second ray signal has an amplitude of 4, and a second predetermined probability of 4 is determined⁴16. The first random constant is less than the second predetermined probability and an anti-beta decay event is determined to have occurred for the second radiation signal.

Therefore, the condition that the quantity and the density of substances in the detector, which react with the ray signals, are fixed and unchanged can be simulated by setting a fixed first random constant in the embodiment of the application; aiming at different ray signals, simulating the situation that the flux of the actual ray signal becomes large and small; and further can be used for rapidly verifying the sensitivity and reliability of the nuclear detection device.

In one embodiment, the step S102 further includes:

if not, acquiring at least one randomly generated ray signal again; wherein the amplitude of each of the retrieved ray signals is different from the amplitude of each of the original ray signals.

Illustratively, a first ray signal is acquired, and based on the amplitude of the first ray signal and a first random constant, it is determined that the first ray signal is free of anti-beta decay events. And re-acquiring a second ray signal, wherein the amplitude of the second ray signal is different from that of the first ray signal. And re-determining whether the second ray signal has an anti-beta decay event based on the amplitude of the second ray signal and the first random constant.

Thus, in the embodiments of the present application, randomly generated ray signals may be reacquired without the occurrence of the anti-beta decay event for each of the ray signals. Continuing to determine whether an anti-beta decay event has occurred based on the reacquired radiation signals; thereby ensuring that an anti-beta decay event occurs, ensuring that the first signal and/or the second signal can be output.

In one embodiment, each neutron signal and each positron signal generated from each of the radiation signals is acquired if an anti-beta decay event occurs. Wherein each said neutron signal and each said positron signal are determined according to a mapping relationship between each said ray signal and each said neutron signal and each said positron signal.

In one embodiment, each said neutron signal comprises an amplitude and each said positron signal comprises an amplitude.

In one embodiment, the first time of each said neutron signal capture determined in step S104 may be: a random time is determined that conforms to a first predetermined distribution law. The first predetermined distribution rule may be a distribution rule indicated by a single exponential function. The first predetermined distribution law may be indicative of a capture process of the neutron signal.

Illustratively, the first time of each neutron signal capture is a random time conforming to a distribution of a single exponential function, and the first time conforming to the distribution of the single exponential function may be obtained by randomly sampling according to an inverse function of the single exponential function. For example, the first time of each said neutron capture corresponds to fx (x) -1-e^-xAnd (4) index distribution. The inverse function x ═ Ln (1-F (y)) can be determined in logarithmic form from the mono-exponential function described above, where 0 ≦ F (y) ≦ 1. May be in the range [0, 1 ]]Generating random numbers and substituting the random numbers into the inverse function to obtain a time value which accords with the exponential distribution, namely the first time. Thus, the embodiment of the present application can determine oneAn exponentially distributed random time is used as the first time for the neutron signal capture to simulate the capture lifetime of neutrons generated by anti-beta decay events occurring against neutrinos.

In one embodiment, the second time of determining each of the positron signal annihilations in step S104 can be: and determining the random time according with the second preset distribution rule. The second predetermined distribution rule may be a distribution rule indicated by a single exponential function. The second predetermined distribution law may be indicative of an annihilation process of the positron signals.

Illustratively, the second time of each annihilation of the positron signals is a random time corresponding to a distribution of single exponential functions, and the second time corresponding to the distribution of single exponential functions may be randomly sampled according to an inverse function of the single exponential functions. For example, the second time of each positron annihilation coincides with fx (x) 1-e^-2xAnd (4) index distribution. The inverse function in logarithmic form can be determined from the above-mentioned single exponential function

Wherein F is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1 (y). May be in the range [0, 1 ]]Generating random numbers, and substituting the random numbers into the inverse function to obtain a time value which is in accordance with the exponential distribution, namely the second time. Thus, embodiments of the present application can determine a coincident exponential distribution of random times as the second time for the positron annihilation, simulating the annihilation lifetime of the positron generated by the anti-beta decay event of the anti-neutron.

In some embodiments, there is a time difference between the second time of the positron signal annihilation and the first time of the neutron signal capture that corresponds to the same radiation signal within a predetermined range, and the second time is less than the first time.

Illustratively, the time difference may be a magnitude difference in time units. For example, the first time of each positron annihilation is in ps, the second time of each neutron is in μ s, and 1 μ s-10⁶ps. The second time is three times the first time, the second time being smallAt the first time.

Illustratively, the time difference may be a single exponential function that is based on any natural number. For example, the time difference, denoted b, follows a base-5 uni-exponential distribution, e.g. b-5². The first time is 25 times the second time. A first time of each said neutron capture corresponds to fx (x) -1-e^-xAnd (4) index distribution. From the time difference, a second temporal coincidence fx (x) 1-e of each of the positron annihilations can be determined^-25xAnd (4) index distribution. And the first time is greater than the second time.

Thus, the embodiment of the application can determine that the gamma photon generated by positron annihilation occurs before and the gamma photon generated by neutron capture occurs after a certain predetermined range of time difference. In turn, a determined time difference between the actual positron annihilation and neutron capture is simulated.

In some embodiments, each said neutron signal corresponds to a first signal, including but not limited to at least one of:

one gamma photon signal corresponding to each neutron signal;

a first attenuation signal corresponding to each said neutron signal;

a first random signal corresponding to each neutron signal;

and the signals are obtained after the superposition of the first signals corresponding to the at least two neutron signals.

Here, the at least two neutron signals correspond to the first signal superimposed signal, including but not limited to: the signal is obtained by superposing gamma photon signals corresponding to at least two neutron signals, or is obtained by superposing first attenuation signals corresponding to at least two neutron signals; or a signal obtained by superposing first random signals corresponding to at least two neutron signals.

In some embodiments, each said positron corresponds to a second signal, including but not limited to at least one of:

each positron signal corresponds to two gamma photon signals with opposite directions;

a second attenuation signal corresponding to each said positron signal;

a second random signal corresponding to each said positron signal;

and the signals are obtained by superposing the second signals corresponding to the at least two positrons.

Here, the at least two positron signals correspond to the superimposed second signal, including but not limited to: the signal is obtained by superposing gamma photon signals corresponding to at least two positron signals or superposed second attenuation signals corresponding to at least two positron signals; or a signal obtained by superposing second random signals corresponding to at least two positron signals.

Here, if the gamma photon signals corresponding to at least two positron signals are superimposed, the gamma photon signals corresponding to at least two positron signals in the same direction are superimposed.

In some embodiments, said outputting a first signal corresponding to each said neutron signal at said first time of arrival for each said neutron signal and/or said outputting a second signal corresponding to each said positron signal at said second time of arrival for each said positron signal further comprises:

if the difference between the first time of each neutron signal and the second time of each positron signal is within a third preset time range, superposing a first signal corresponding to the neutron signal and a second signal corresponding to the positron signal;

and outputting a signal obtained by superposing the first signal and the second signal.

Here, the signal obtained by superimposing the first signal and the second signal includes, but is not limited to: a gamma photon signal corresponding to the positron signal and a gamma photon signal corresponding to the neutron signal are superposed; or a signal obtained by superposing the second attenuation signal corresponding to the positron signal and the first attenuation signal corresponding to the neutron signal; or a signal obtained by superposing the second random signal corresponding to the positron signal and the first random signal corresponding to the neutron signal.

Here, the neutron signal may be one or more; wherein a plurality means two or more.

Here, the positron signals may be one or more; wherein a plurality means two or more.

In some embodiments, the third predetermined time range may be a pulse width of the neutron signal or a pulse width of the positron signal.

Here, the pulse width is set based on an access detector. The same detector sets the same pulse width; different detectors set different pulse widths.

In one embodiment, the superposition of the first signal and the second signal may be a superposition of a neutron signal and a positron signal corresponding to the same radiation signal.

Illustratively, positron signals and neutron signals corresponding to the ray signals are acquired. The second time corresponding to the positron signal is less than the first time corresponding to the neutron signal. The difference between the second time and the first time is less than the pulse width of the positron signal. I.e. the pulse width of the positron signal after annihilation, the neutron signal generates a capture event. And superposing the second signal corresponding to the positron signal and the first signal corresponding to the neutron signal. And outputting a first signal corresponding to the neutron signal and a second signal corresponding to the positron signal after superposition when the first time corresponding to the neutron signal is reached.

In one embodiment, the superposition of the first signal and the second signal may be a superposition of a neutron signal corresponding to the radiation signal and a positron signal corresponding to another radiation signal.

Illustratively, a first neutron signal corresponding to the first ray signal is acquired, followed by a second positron signal corresponding to the second ray signal. The difference between a first time corresponding to the first neutron signal and a second time corresponding to the second positron signal is less than the pulse width of the first neutron signal. I.e. the second positron signal annihilates within a pulse width range after a capture event of the first neutron signal. And superposing a first signal corresponding to the first neutron signal and a second signal corresponding to the second positron signal. And outputting a superposition signal of a first signal corresponding to the first neutron signal and a second signal corresponding to the second positron signal when a second time corresponding to the second positron signal is reached.

In one embodiment, said outputting a first signal corresponding to each said neutron signal and outputting a second signal corresponding to each said positron signal comprises: and outputting a first signal corresponding to each neutron signal generated by each ray signal and a second signal corresponding to each positron signal by using the same output channel.

Here, the first signal corresponding to each said neutron signal and the second signal corresponding to each said positron signal generated by each ray signal may be, but is not limited to, one of the following:

gamma photon signals corresponding to each neutron signal generated by each ray signal and gamma photon signals with opposite directions corresponding to each positron signal;

a first attenuation signal corresponding to each neutron signal generated by each ray signal and a second attenuation signal corresponding to each positron signal;

and a first random signal corresponding to each neutron signal generated by each ray signal and a second random signal corresponding to each positron signal.

Here, the output channel includes a pair of output ports.

For example, the output channels may be output channels arranged in an array, and the output channels include a first output array and a second output array. The output array is composed of output ports. The first output array corresponds to the second output array. The output ports arranged in the m-th row and n-th column in the first output array and the output ports arranged in the m-th row and n-th column in the second output array form a pair of output channels. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the output channel includes 32 output ports. And according to an array mode of 4 rows and 4 columns, 16 output ports are selected to be arranged at one end of the output channel to serve as a first output array. And selecting another 16 output ports to be arranged at the other end of the output channel as a second output array according to an array mode of 4 rows and 4 columns. The output ports arranged in the first output array in row 1 and column 2 are denoted as channel 2, and the output ports arranged in row 1 and column 2 in the second output array are denoted as channel 2'. Channel 2 and channel 2' form a pair of output channels.

Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, a pair of output channels is formed based on two output ports. A pair of detectors in the simulated actual nuclear detector comprises two detection units. Further, the first signal and/or the second signal may be output based on two ports of a pair of output channels. The situation that gamma photons are detected simultaneously at both ends of a scintillator used for detection by an actual detector is simulated. The accuracy of the simultaneous function and performance verification of the detector is improved.

Of course, in other embodiments, there may be: and outputting a first signal corresponding to each neutron signal generated by each ray signal and a second signal corresponding to each positron signal by using different output channels respectively.

Illustratively, different output channels may be selected for the first signal and the second signal determined for the two radiation signals in which the anti-beta decay event occurred. For example, the output channels include 36 pairs of output channels. And selecting a pair of output channels in the 5 th row and the 3 th column to output the first signal and the second signal corresponding to the first ray signal. And selecting a pair of output channels in the 3 rd row and the 5 th column to output the first signal and the second signal corresponding to the second ray signal.

Therefore, the embodiment of the application can select different output channels according to the first signal and the second signal determined by the plurality of ray signals, output a plurality of paths of analog signals, and is suitable for verifying the detection performance of the plurality of paths of signals of the detector.

In one embodiment, the outputting using the same output channel includes: the output channel outputs the first signal and the second signal to a digital-to-analog conversion module; the terminal drives a digital-to-analog conversion module to convert the first signal and the second signal into a first analog signal corresponding to the first signal and a second analog signal corresponding to the second signal; outputting the first analog signal and the second analog signal.

In the embodiment of the application, the ray signal is acquired; based on the ray signal and a first random constant, it is determined whether an anti-beta decay event has occurred in the ray signal. If so, acquiring a neutron signal and a positron signal generated by the ray signal; determining a first time of capture of the neutron signal and a second time of annihilation of the positron signal; outputting the first signal at the first time and/or outputting the second signal at the second time. Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, at least one nuclear signal which is random in time can be determined; and verifying the function and the performance of the nuclear detector.

In some embodiments, the first time of the neutron signal outputs a first signal corresponding to the neutron signal, including: outputting a first attenuation signal corresponding to the neutron signal after capture at the first time and/or outputting a second attenuation signal corresponding to the positron signal after annihilation at the second time.

In some embodiments, in the step S105, when the first time corresponding to each of the neutron signals is reached, a first signal corresponding to each of the neutron signals is output, which may also be: and outputting the first attenuation signal corresponding to each neutron signal when the first attenuation time corresponding to each neutron signal is reached.

In some embodiments, in the step S105, when the second time corresponding to each of the positron signals is reached, a second signal corresponding to each of the positron signals is output, and the step may also be: and outputting the second attenuation signal corresponding to each positron signal when the second attenuation time corresponding to each positron signal is reached.

In this way, in the embodiment of the present application, the first attenuation signal may be output within or up to the first time. A temporally random first decay signal is obtained. And outputting the second attenuation signal within the second time or reaching the second time. A temporally random second decay signal is obtained.

In some embodiments, the first time of the neutron signal outputs a first signal corresponding to the neutron signal, including: outputting a first attenuation signal corresponding to the neutron signal to meet a first random signal within a first preset amplitude range when the first time is reached; and/or outputting a second random signal which meets a second preset amplitude range and corresponds to the positron signal when the second time is reached.

In some embodiments, said outputting a first signal corresponding to said neutron signal at a first time comprises: outputting a gamma photon signal corresponding to the neutron signal at the first time, and/or outputting a gamma photon signal corresponding to the positron signal at the second time.

In some embodiments, the neutron signal may be captured by a hydrogen atom or by a gadolinium atom; the energy of the gamma photon corresponding to the neutron signal after the capture event by the hydrogen atom is different from the energy of the gamma photon corresponding to the neutron signal after the capture event by the gadolinium atom is generated.

Illustratively, the energy of the corresponding gamma photon after the neutron signal is captured by a hydrogen atom is 2.2 MeV; the energy of the corresponding gamma photon after the neutron signal is captured by the gadolinium atom is 8.8 MeV.

In some embodiments, the energy of the corresponding gamma photon upon positron annihilation is less than the energy of the corresponding gamma photon upon capture event of the neutron signal.

Illustratively, the energy of the corresponding gamma photon upon annihilation of the positron signal is 0.511 keV; wherein 1000keV is 1 MeV.

In some embodiments, the neutron signal and the positron signal are determined based on the occurrence of the anti-beta decay event of the radiation signal; determining whether a capture event occurred in the neutron signal based on the neutron signal and a second random constant; if the neutron signal does not generate the capture event, a first signal corresponding to the neutron signal is not output when the first time is reached, and a second signal corresponding to the positron signal is output when the second time is reached.

Here, the second random constant may be an area of a two-dimensional polygon. The second random constant may be the same as or different from the first random constant.

In one embodiment, the second random constant is determined by at least two random numbers that are respectively indicative of the number and density of hydrogen atoms or gadolinium atoms that have occurred with the neutron signal in a capture event.

As shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments, the method further comprises:

step S201 a: acquiring a first attenuation signal corresponding to each attenuated neutron signal based on the amplitude of the gamma photon signal corresponding to each neutron signal and a first attenuation time constant;

the step S105 includes:

step S202 a: outputting a first attenuation signal corresponding to each of the neutron signals at the first time of arrival for each of the neutron signals.

Here, the first decay time constant is set according to the probe that is switched in. The same detector sets the same first decay time constant; different detectors set different ones of the first decay time constants.

In one embodiment, the gamma photon signal corresponding to the neutron signal is determined according to a mapping relationship between each neutron signal and the gamma photon signal corresponding to each neutron signal.

In one embodiment, the first decay time constant is a determined constant value.

In one embodiment, the first decay signal may be a random signal conforming to a single exponential decay function.

Illustratively, the first decay time constant is determined based on the first time. The first decay signal corresponding to each said neutron signal may be a determined exponential decay time function. And substituting the amplitude of the gamma photon signal corresponding to the neutron signal and the first time constant into the exponential decay time function to determine a first decay signal corresponding to the neutron signal.

For example, the neutron signal decays exponentially, according to a single exponential decay function N (t) N0e^-λt(ii) a Where λ is the decay time constant and N0 is the signal amplitude. The first time is 0.5, then from [0, 0.5 ]]The first decay time constant 0.2 is determined. The amplitude of the gamma signal corresponding to the neutron signal is 2.2. Substituting a first decay time constant of 0.2 and an amplitude of 2.2 into the single exponential decay function to obtain that the first decay signal is n (t) -2.2 e^-0.2t。

In this way, the embodiment of the present application may determine to output a first attenuation signal that each of the neutron signals attenuates with a first attenuation time constant within the first time based on the amplitude of the gamma photon signal corresponding to each of the neutron signals. If the output first attenuation signal meets the attenuation process of the anti-neutron generated by the anti-beta decay event based on the anti-beta decay event, the accuracy of the signal for verifying the function and performance of the detector can be ensured.

As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the second signal includes: a second attenuated signal;

the method comprises the following steps:

step S201 b: acquiring a second attenuation signal corresponding to each attenuated positron signal based on the amplitude and a second attenuation time constant of the double-gamma photon signal corresponding to each positron signal;

the step S105 includes:

step S202 b: at the second time of reaching each of the positrons, a second attenuation signal corresponding to each of the positron signals is output.

Here, the second decay time constant is based on the accessed probe setting; the same detector sets the same second decay time constant; different detectors set different ones of the second decay time constants.

In one embodiment, the dual gamma photon signals corresponding to the positron signals are determined according to a mapping relationship between each of the positron signals and the dual gamma photon signal corresponding to each of the positron signals.

In one embodiment, the second decay time constant is a determined constant value.

In one embodiment, the second decay time constant is the same as the first decay time constant for the same detector.

In one embodiment, the second decay signal may be a random signal conforming to a single exponential decay function.

Illustratively, the second decay time constant is determined based on the second time. The second decay signal corresponding to each of the positron signals may be a determined exponential decay time function. And substituting the amplitude of the double gamma photon signal corresponding to the positron signal and the second time constant into the exponential decay time function to determine a second decay signal corresponding to the positron signal.

For example, the positron signal decays exponentially, according to a single exponential decay function N (t) N0e^-λt(ii) a Where λ is the decay time constant and N0 is the signal amplitude. The second time is 0.1, then from [0, 0.1 ]]The second decay time constant of 0.02 is determined. The amplitude of the dual gamma signal corresponding to the positron signal is 0.511. Substituting a second decay time constant of 0.02 and an amplitude of 0.511 into the single exponential decay function to obtain that the second decay signal is N (t) ═ 0.511e^-0.02t。

In this way, the embodiments of the present application may determine to output a second attenuation signal that each of the positron signals attenuates with a second attenuation time constant within the second time based on the amplitude of the dual gamma photon signal corresponding to each of the positron signals. If the output second attenuation signal meets the attenuation process of the anti-neutron generated by the anti-beta decay event based on the positron signal of the nuclear detector, the accuracy of the signal for verifying the function and performance of the detector can be ensured.

As shown in fig. 6, in some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the first signal includes: a first random signal;

the method comprises the following steps:

step S301 a: determining the first attenuation signal with the amplitude meeting a first preset amplitude range as a first random signal based on the amplitude of the first attenuation signal;

the step S105 includes:

step S302 a: outputting the first random signal corresponding to each of the neutron signals at the first time of reaching each of the neutron signals.

In one embodiment, the amplitudes in the first predetermined amplitude range are random amplitudes according to a certain distribution rule.

Illustratively, the amplitude of the signal detected by an actual nuclear detector is a random amplitude conforming to a gaussian distribution; the first preset amplitude range may be extracted according to the corresponding gaussian distribution. And determining a first attenuation signal with the amplitude of the first attenuation signal within the first preset amplitude range, namely the first random signal, from the first attenuation signal corresponding to each neutron signal.

Therefore, the first preset amplitude range which accords with the Gaussian distribution and takes the preset amplitude as the central value can be determined, and the first attenuation signal of which the amplitude accords with the Gaussian distribution is further determined. Obtaining a first attenuation signal of Gaussian distribution with a preset amplitude as a central value, so that the Gaussian distribution condition that the energy obtained after actual neutron capture and attenuation is centered at a certain value can be simulated; the accuracy of signals for verifying the functions and the performance of the detector is improved, and the detection reliability of the nuclear detector is further improved.

As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the second signal includes: a second random signal;

the method comprises the following steps:

step S301 b: determining the second attenuation signal with the amplitude meeting a second predetermined amplitude range as the second random signal based on the amplitude of the second attenuation signal;

the step S105 includes:

step S302 b: outputting the second random signal corresponding to each of the positron signals at the second time of reaching each of the positrons.

In one embodiment, the amplitudes in the second predetermined amplitude range are random amplitudes according to a certain distribution rule.

Illustratively, the amplitude of the signal detected by an actual nuclear detector is a random amplitude conforming to a gaussian distribution; the second preset amplitude range may be extracted according to the corresponding gaussian distribution. And determining a second attenuation signal with the amplitude of the second attenuation signal within the second preset amplitude range, namely the second random signal, from the second attenuation signal corresponding to each positron signal.

Therefore, the second preset amplitude range which accords with the Gaussian distribution and takes the preset amplitude as the central value can be determined, and the second attenuation signal of which the amplitude accords with the Gaussian distribution is further determined. Acquiring a second attenuation signal of Gaussian distribution with a preset amplitude as a center, so that the Gaussian condition that the energy after actual positron annihilation and attenuation is centered at a certain value can be simulated; the signal accuracy for verifying the function and performance of the detector is improved, and the detection reliability of the nuclear detector is further improved.

As shown in fig. 8, in some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the step S105 includes:

step S401 a: if the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the first time of at least two neutron signals is within a first preset time range, superposing first signals corresponding to at least two neutron signals;

step S402 a: and outputting the superposed first signal.

In one embodiment, the first predetermined time range may be a pulse width of one of the two neutron signals.

Illustratively, the two neutron signals are a first neutron signal and a second neutron signal; the first time of the first neutron signal is less than the first time of the second neutron signal. And simultaneously obtaining the first neutron signal and the second neutron signal, wherein the gamma photon signal corresponding to the first neutron signal is output firstly, and the gamma photon signal corresponding to the second neutron signal is output later. The first predetermined time range is a pulse width of the first neutron signal. And if the difference between the first time of the second neutron signal and the first time of the first neutron signal is less than or equal to the pulse width of the first neutron signal, superposing the output of the gamma photon signal corresponding to the first neutron signal and the gamma photon signal corresponding to the second neutron signal. And superposing the amplitude of the first neutron signal and the amplitude of the second neutron signal, and determining the superposed signal as the first signal. And outputting the first signal after superposition when the first time corresponding to the second neutron signal is reached.

For example, two neutron signals are acquired simultaneously: a first neutron signal and a second neutron signal. The first time of the first neutron signal is 2 mus and the first time of the second neutron signal is 3 mus. The first predetermined time range is a pulse width of the first neutron signal, and is 2 μ s. The difference in time between the first time of the first neutron signal and the first time of the second neutron signal is 1 mus. And (4) superposing the gamma photon signal corresponding to the first neutron signal and the gamma photon signal corresponding to the second neutron signal when the 1 mu s is less than 2 mu s. And superposing the amplitude of the first neutron signal and the amplitude of the second neutron signal, and determining a gamma photon signal corresponding to the superposed neutron signal as the first signal. And when the time reaches 3 mu s, outputting the superposed first signal.

Therefore, the first signals corresponding to the neutron signals with too close time can be output in a superposed mode; and outputting the first signal after superposition, simulating the situation that neutrons with close time overlap in actual situations, and avoiding congestion when the signal is output.

As shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the step S105 includes:

step S401 b: if the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the second time of the at least two positron signals is within a second preset range, superposing second signals corresponding to the at least two positron signals;

step S402 b: and outputting the second signal after superposition.

Here, the second predetermined time range may be the same as or different from the first predetermined time range.

In one embodiment, the second predetermined time range may be a pulse width of one of the two positron signals.

Illustratively, the two positron signals are a first positron signal and a second positron signal; the second time of the first positron signal is less than the second time of the second positron signal. And simultaneously obtaining the first positron signal and the second positron signal, outputting a double gamma photon signal corresponding to the first positron signal, and outputting a double gamma photon signal corresponding to the second positron signal. The second predetermined time range is a pulse width of the first positron signal. And if the difference between the second time of the second positron signal and the second time of the first positron signal is less than or equal to the pulse width of the first positron signal, superposing a double gamma photon signal corresponding to the first positron signal and a double gamma photon signal corresponding to the second positron signal. And superposing the amplitude of the first positron signal and the amplitude of the second positron signal, and determining the superposed signal as the second signal. And outputting the superposed second signal when reaching a second time corresponding to the second positron signal.

For example, two positron signals are acquired simultaneously: a first positron signal and a second positron signal. The second time of the first positron signal is 0.2 mus and the second time of the second positron signal is 0.3 mus. The second predetermined time range is a pulse width of the first positron signal, and is 0.2 μ s. The difference between the second time of the first positron signal and the second time of the second positron signal is 0.1 mus. And the 0.1 mu s is less than 0.2 mu s, and the double gamma photon signal corresponding to the first signal and the double gamma photon signal corresponding to the second signal are superposed. And superposing the amplitude of the first positron signal and the amplitude of the second positron signal, and determining a double gamma photon signal corresponding to the superposed positron signal to be the second signal. And when the second signal reaches 0.3 mu s, outputting the superposed second signal.

In this way, the embodiment of the present application may superpose and output the second signal corresponding to the positron signal with too close time; and outputting the second signal after superposition, simulating the situation that positrons close in time are overlapped in the actual situation, and simultaneously avoiding congestion when the signals are output.

As shown in fig. 10, in some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the step S104 includes:

step S501: determining whether each neutron signal generates a capture event or not based on the amplitude of the ray signal corresponding to each neutron signal and a second random constant;

the step S105 includes:

step S502: if the neutron signal is determined to generate the capture event, outputting a first signal corresponding to the neutron signal when the first time of the neutron signal is reached.

In one embodiment, the second random constant is determined by two random numbers. Wherein, the two random numbers may be the same or different.

In one embodiment, the method comprises: determining a predetermined probability of each said neutron signal occurring said capture event based on the amplitude of said ray signal to which each said neutron signal corresponds; determining a second probability based on the second random constant; determining that the capture event occurred if the first probability is less than or equal to a predetermined probability.

Illustratively, whether the neutron signal occurs at the capture time is determined using an area ratio method as shown in fig. 2. And determining an area B based on the amplitude of the ray signal corresponding to the neutron signal, namely determining the predetermined probability corresponding to the neutron signal. Two random numbers C3 and C4 are generated, and an area C, which is the second random constant, is determined based on the product of the random number C3 and the random number C4. If area C is less than or equal to area B, determining that the neutron signal has the capture event.

For example, the value ranges of the random number C3 and the random number C4 are set to [0, 2 ]³²]For example, the random number C3 is 2²And the random number C4 is 2². Then, the area C is determined to be 2⁴. The amplitude of the ray signal corresponding to the neutron signal is 2³Determining the predetermined reaction area B to be 2⁶. And the area C is smaller than the area B, namely the neutron signal is determined to generate the capture event.

In the above embodiment, it is determined that the trapping event does not occur if the first probability is greater than a predetermined probability.

For example, if area C is greater than area B, it is determined that the neutron signal did not have the capture event. And when the first time corresponding to the neutron signal is reached, not outputting the first signal corresponding to the neutron signal.

For example, the value range of the random number C3 is set to [0, 2 ]³²]For example, the random number C3 takes 2⁵. Determining the area C to be 2 based on the square root of the random number C3¹⁰. The amplitude of the ray signal corresponding to the neutron signal is 2³Determining the predetermined reaction area B to be 2⁶. Area C is greater than area B, i.e. determining theIf the neutron signal does not have the capture event, no further processing is performed on the neutron signal, and the neutron signal is not output.

Thus, the embodiment of the present application may determine whether a capture event occurs in the neutron signal by using an area ratio method. In addition, the number and density of hydrogen atoms or gadolinium atoms which react with neutron signals can be changed by acquiring different random numbers; and determining different reaction cross sections aiming at the neutron signals, and further flexibly setting the probability of the capture event. The method simulates the situation that the actual neutron flux becomes larger and smaller, and can be used for quickly verifying the sensitivity and reliability of the nuclear detection device.

As shown in fig. 11, in some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the neutron signal is subjected to a capture event comprising: the neutron signal generates a capture event captured by a hydrogen atom, or the neutron signal generates a capture event captured by a gadolinium atom;

the method comprises the following steps:

step S502 a: if it is determined that a capture event by a hydrogen atom has occurred, outputting a first signal corresponding to gamma photons of the neutron signal after capture by a hydrogen atom at the first time of arrival of the neutron signal.

The method further comprises the following steps:

step S502 b: if the capture event captured by the gadolinium atom is determined to occur, outputting a first signal corresponding to gamma photons of the neutron signal captured by the gadolinium atom at the first time of reaching the neutron signal.

In one embodiment, the number of neutron signals captured by hydrogen atoms and the number of neutron signals captured by gadolinium atoms in each of the neutron signals are determined based on a ratio of the number of hydrogen atoms captured to the number of gadolinium atoms captured.

Here, the ratio of the hydrogen atom trapping number to the gadolinium atom trapping number may be determined according to the hydrogen atom density and the gadolinium atom density in different nuclear detectors.

Here, the ratio of the hydrogen atom trapping amount to the gadolinium atom trapping amount may be a fixed value.

Illustratively, the capture event is determined to occur for a plurality of neutron signals. The ratio of the probability of the hydrogen atoms to gadolinium atoms capturing the neutron signal is a fixed value. Based on the fixed numerical value, a first number of neutron signals of the plurality of neutron signals in which a capture event captured by a hydrogen atom occurred and a second number of neutron signals in which a capture event captured by a gadolinium atom occurred are determined. A first number of neutron signals is selected from a plurality of neutron signals, and at the first time to the neutron signals, a first signal corresponding to gamma photons of the neutron signals after capture by hydrogen atoms is output. Selecting a second number of neutron signals from a plurality of neutron signals, and outputting a first signal corresponding to gamma photons of the neutron signals after capture by gadolinium atoms at the first time of arrival of the neutron signals.

For example, 100 neutron signals are acquired and it is determined that a capture event occurred in 80 of the 100 neutron signals. If the ratio of the current number of hydrogen atoms captured to the number of gadolinium atoms captured is 2:8, it can be determined that 16 neutron signals among the 80 neutron signals will generate the capture event captured by the hydrogen atoms, and 64 neutron signals will generate the capture event captured by the gadolinium atoms. At a first time corresponding to each of up to 16 neutron signals, outputting a first signal corresponding to a gamma photon after the neutron signal is captured by a hydrogen atom. At a first time corresponding to each of up to 64 neutron signals, outputting a first signal corresponding to a gamma photon after the neutron signal is captured by a gadolinium atom.

In one embodiment, the first signal corresponding to the gamma photon obtained after the neutron signal is captured by the hydrogen atom is determined according to the determined mapping relationship that the neutron signal is captured by the hydrogen atom.

Illustratively, the mapping may be a proportional relationship in magnitude. The ratio may be a fixed value. Determining a first signal corresponding to gamma photons obtained after the neutron signal is captured by a hydrogen atom based on the fixed value and the amplitude of the ray signal corresponding to the neutron signal. For example, the amplitude of the ray signal corresponding to the neutron signal is 11. The fixed value is 1/5. The amplitude of the corresponding first signal after the neutron signal is captured by the hydrogen atom is 2.2. And the first signal may utilize a single exponential decay function N (t) N0e^-tWhere N0 is the magnitude. Substituting the amplitude 2.2 into the single exponential decay function to obtain a first signal n (t) 2.2e^-t。

In one embodiment, the gamma photon signal obtained after the neutron signal is captured by gadolinium atoms is determined according to the determined mapping relationship of the neutron signal captured by gadolinium atoms. The first signal corresponding to the gamma photon after the neutron signal is captured by the gadolinium atom is different from the first signal corresponding to the gamma photon after the neutron signal is captured by the hydrogen atom.

Illustratively, the mapping may be a proportional relationship in magnitude. The ratio may be a fixed value. And determining a first signal corresponding to gamma photons obtained after the neutron signal is captured by a gadolinium atom based on the fixed value and the amplitude of the ray signal corresponding to the positron signal. For example, the amplitude of the ray signal corresponding to the neutron signal is 11. The fixed value is 4/5. The amplitude of the corresponding first signal after the neutron signal is captured by the hydrogen atom is 8.8. And the first signal may utilize a single exponential decay function N (t) N0e^-tWhere N0 is the magnitude. Substituting amplitude value 8.8 into the single exponential decay function to obtain a first signal n (t) 8.8e^-t. Outputting the first signal N (t) 8.8e at the first time that the neutron signal is reached^-t。

Therefore, photon signals corresponding to neutron signals with different amplitudes can be obtained based on the ratio of the capture probability of the hydrogen atoms to the capture probability of the gadolinium atoms, and gamma photons with different energies can be obtained after the actual neutrons are simulated to be captured by different atoms. In the embodiment of the application, different ratios of the hydrogen atoms to the gadolinium atoms for capturing neutrons can be set for different nuclear detectors, so that the method is suitable for verifying the functions and performances of various nuclear detectors.

As shown in fig. 12, in some embodiments, the method further comprises:

step S601: acquiring at least one randomly generated ray signal;

step S602: determining whether each of said radiation signals has an anti-beta decay event; if yes, go to step S601; if not, executing step S603 and step S608;

in an alternative embodiment, determining whether each of the ray signals has an anti-beta decay event based on the amplitude of each of the ray signals and a first random constant; if yes, go to step S601; if not, step S603 and step S608 are executed.

Step S603: acquiring each neutron signal and each positron signal generated by each said ray signal;

step S604: determining a second time of capture of each said positron signal;

illustratively, the second time follows a single exponential distribution. And sampling according to the inverse function of the single exponential function to obtain the second time. For example, the second time unit is ps and corresponds to fx (x) 1-e^-10xAnd (4) index distribution. Then the inverse function is

) Wherein F is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1 (y). In the range of [0, 1]The random number of 0.5 was taken and the second time was determined to be 0.06931 ps.

Thus, the embodiment of the application can determine the annihilation time of the positron which is in accordance with the distribution of the single exponential function, and simulate the annihilation life of the positron generated by the anti-beta decay event of the anti-neutron.

Step S605: acquiring a second attenuation signal corresponding to each attenuated positron signal based on the amplitude and a second attenuation time constant of the double-gamma photon signal corresponding to each positron signal;

illustratively, the second decay time constant is determined based on the second time. The second decay signal corresponding to each of said positron signals may be a deterministic exponential decay time function. And substituting the amplitude of the double gamma photon signal corresponding to the positron signal and the second time constant into the exponential decay time function to determine a second decay signal corresponding to the positron signal.

For example, the positron signal decays exponentially, according to a single exponential decay function N (t) N0e^-λt(ii) a Where λ is the decay time constant and N0 is the signal amplitude. The second time is 0.1, then from [0, 0.1 ]]The second decay time constant of 0.02 is determined. The amplitude of the dual gamma signal corresponding to the positron signal is 0.0511. Substituting a second decay time constant of 0.02 and an amplitude value of 0.0511 into the single exponential decay function to obtain that the second decay signal is N (t) -0.0511 e^-0.02t。

Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, an annihilation process of positrons can be simulated, and an attenuation signal in the annihilation process can be obtained.

Step S606: determining the second attenuation signal with the amplitude meeting a second preset amplitude range as a second random signal based on the amplitude of the second attenuation signal;

illustratively, the second predetermined amplitude range is determined according to a gaussian distribution function. And determining a second attenuation signal with the amplitude of the second attenuation signal within the second preset amplitude range, namely the second random signal.

Therefore, the second attenuation signal can be extracted to obtain the attenuation signal corresponding to the positron signal which is in accordance with the Gaussian distribution after annihilation; the situation that the energy of the gamma photon after actual positron annihilation is in accordance with the gaussian distribution is simulated.

Step S607: outputting a second random signal corresponding to each of the positron signals at the second time corresponding to each of the positron signals;

step S608: determining whether a capture event occurred in each of the neutron signals; if yes, go to step S609; if not, executing the step S601;

in an optional embodiment, determining whether each said neutron signal has a capture event based on the amplitude of the corresponding said ray signal of each said neutron signal and a second random constant; if yes, go to step S609; if not, go to step S601.

Illustratively, the area scaling method shown in FIG. 2 is used to determine whether a capture event has occurred in the neutron signal. For example, an area B is determined based on the amplitude of the ray signal corresponding to the neutron signal, i.e. the predetermined probability corresponding to the neutron signal. A random number C3 is randomly generated, and an area C, which is the second random constant, is determined based on the random number C3. If area C is less than or equal to area B, determining that the neutron signal has the capture event.

Therefore, the area ratio method can be used for simulating the probability of neutron capture.

Step S609: determining a first time at which each of the neutron signals is captured by a hydrogen atom or by a gadolinium atom;

illustratively, the first time corresponds to a distribution of a single exponential function, and the second time is obtained by sampling according to an inverse function of the single exponential function. For example, the first time unit is μ s and corresponds to fx (x) 1-e^-10xAnd (4) index distribution. Then the inverse function is

) Wherein F is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1 (y). In the range of [0, 1]The random number 0.5 was taken and the second time was determined to be 0.06931 μ s.

Therefore, the neutron capture time conforming to the exponential distribution can be determined, and the capture life of neutrons generated by anti-beta decay events of anti-neutron neutrons can be simulated.

Step S610: if the capture event captured by the hydrogen atoms is determined to occur, acquiring a first attenuation signal corresponding to each neutron signal after being captured by the hydrogen atoms based on the amplitude and the attenuation time constant of the gamma photon signal corresponding to each neutron signal after being captured by the hydrogen atoms;

step S611: if a capture event captured by gadolinium atoms is determined to occur, acquiring a corresponding first attenuation signal after each attenuated neutron signal is captured by gadolinium atoms based on the amplitude and the attenuation time constant of the corresponding gamma photon signal after each neutron signal is captured by gadolinium atoms;

illustratively, the decay time constant is determined based on the first time. The first decay signal may be a deterministic exponential decay time function. And substituting the first time constant and the amplitude of the gamma photon signal corresponding to the neutron signal after being captured by the hydrogen atom into the exponential decay time function to determine a first decay signal corresponding to the neutron signal after being captured by the hydrogen atom.

For example, the neutron signal decays exponentially after being captured by a hydrogen atom, according to a single exponential decay function N (t) N0e^-λt(ii) a Where λ is the decay time constant and N0 is the signal amplitude. The first time is 0.2, then from [0, 0.2 ]]The decay time constant of 0.1 is determined in the range of (a). The amplitude of the gamma signal corresponding to the neutron signal captured by the hydrogen atom is 0.22. Substituting the decay time constant 0.1 and the amplitude 0.22 into the single exponential decay function to obtain that the first decay signal is N (t) ═ 0.22e^-0.1t。

Therefore, the embodiment of the application can determine the corresponding attenuation signal of the neutron signal captured by the hydrogen atom based on the amplitude of the corresponding gamma photon signal of the neutron signal captured by the hydrogen atom, and simulate the attenuation characteristic of the neutron captured by the hydrogen atom.

Illustratively, the decay time constant is determined based on the first time. The first decay signal corresponding to each said neutron signal may be a deterministic exponential decay time function. And substituting the first time constant and the amplitude of the gamma photon signal corresponding to the neutron signal after being captured by gadolinium into the exponential decay time function to determine a first decay signal corresponding to the neutron signal.

For example, the neutron signal is exponentially decayed after being captured by gadolinium atoms, and conforms to a single exponential decay function N (t) N0e^-λt(ii) a Where λ is the decay time constant and N0 is the signal amplitude. The first time is 0.2, then from [0, 0.2 ]]The decay time constant of 0.1 is determined in the range of (a). The amplitude of the gamma signal corresponding to the neutron signal captured by the gadolinium atom is 0.88. Substituting the decay time constant 0.11 and the amplitude 0.88 into the single exponential decay function to obtain that the first decay signal is N (t) -0.88 e^-0.1t。

Therefore, the embodiment of the application can determine the corresponding attenuation signal of the neutron signal captured by the gadolinium atom based on the amplitude of the corresponding gamma photon signal of the neutron signal captured by the gadolinium atom, and simulate the attenuation characteristic of the neutron captured by the gadolinium atom.

Step S612: determining the first attenuation signal with the amplitude meeting a first preset amplitude range as a first random signal based on the amplitude of the first attenuation signal;

illustratively, the first predetermined amplitude range is determined according to a gaussian distribution function. And determining a first attenuation signal with the amplitude of the first attenuation signal within the first preset amplitude range, namely the first random signal, from the first attenuation signal corresponding to each neutron signal.

Therefore, the first attenuation signal can be extracted, the corresponding attenuation signal after the neutron signal which accords with the Gaussian distribution is captured is obtained, and the condition that the energy of the gamma photon which actually captures the neutron accords with the Gaussian distribution is simulated.

Step S613: outputting a first random signal corresponding to each neutron signal when the first time corresponding to each neutron signal is reached;

here, an output channel for outputting the first random signal corresponding to each of the neutron signals is the same as an output channel for outputting the first random signal corresponding to each of the positron signals.

Illustratively, the second stochastic signal corresponding to a positron signal and the first stochastic signal corresponding to a neutron signal are determined based on occurrence of the anti-beta decay event of one of the radiation signals. Utilizing the selected output channel. Outputting the first random signal at the first time, and outputting the second random signal at the second time.

Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, two signals corresponding to the characteristics of the nuclear signal can be determined based on one ray signal: a first random signal and a second random signal. A plurality of signals characteristic of the nuclear signal may be determined based on the plurality of radiation signals from which the anti-beta decay signals have occurred. And the plurality of signals may include: a signal corresponding to positron annihilation characteristics, a signal corresponding to neutron capture characteristics by hydrogen atoms, and a signal corresponding to neutron capture characteristics by gadolinium atoms. And the signals are output through the multi-path output channel, so that various functions and performances detected by the nuclear detector are rapidly verified, and the reliability of the nuclear detector is improved.

As shown in fig. 13, an embodiment of the present application further provides a nuclear signal simulation apparatus, where the apparatus includes: an acquisition module 701, a processing module 702, and an output module 703; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the acquiring module 701 is configured to acquire at least one randomly generated ray signal;

the processing module 702 is configured to determine whether each of the ray signals has an anti-beta decay event based on the amplitude of each of the ray signals and a first random constant;

the processing module 702 is also configured to, if the occurrence occurs, obtain each positron signal and each neutron signal generated by each ray signal;

the processing module 702 also for determining a first time of capture of each of the neutron signals and a second time of annihilation of each of the positron signals;

the output module 703 is configured to output a first signal corresponding to each of the neutron signals when the first time corresponding to each of the neutron signals is reached, and/or output a second signal corresponding to each of the positron signals when the second time corresponding to each of the positrons is reached.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the processing module is used for acquiring a first attenuation signal corresponding to each attenuated neutron signal based on the amplitude and the attenuation time constant of the gamma photon signal corresponding to each neutron signal;

the output module is configured to output the first attenuation signal corresponding to each of the neutron signals at the first time of reaching each of the neutron signals.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the first signal includes: a first random signal;

the processing module is used for determining the first attenuation signal with the amplitude meeting a first preset amplitude range as a first random signal based on the amplitude of the first attenuation signal;

the output module is configured to output the first random signal corresponding to each of the neutron signals when the first time of each of the neutron signals is reached.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the second signal includes: a second attenuated signal;

the processing module is used for acquiring a second attenuation signal corresponding to each attenuated positron signal based on the amplitude and the attenuation time constant of the double-gamma photon signal corresponding to each positron signal;

the output module is configured to output the second attenuation signal corresponding to each of the positron signals at the second time that each of the positron signals is reached.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the second signal includes: a second random signal;

the processing module is used for determining the second attenuation signal with the amplitude meeting a second preset amplitude range as a second random signal based on the amplitude of the second attenuation signal;

the output module is configured to output the second random signal corresponding to each positron signal at the second time when each positron signal is reached.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the processing module is configured to superimpose first signals corresponding to at least two neutron signals if a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the at least two neutron signals in the first time is within a first predetermined time range; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the processing module is used for superposing second signals corresponding to at least two positron signals if the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the second time of the at least two positron signals is within a second preset time range;

the output module is used for outputting the superposed first signal; and/or outputting the second signal after superposition.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the processing module is used for determining a predetermined probability of the anti-beta decay event of each ray signal based on the amplitude of each ray signal;

the processing module is configured to determine a first probability based on the first random constant;

the processing module is configured to determine that the anti-beta decay event occurs if the first probability is less than or equal to a predetermined probability; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the processing module is configured to determine that the anti-beta decay event does not occur if the first probability is greater than a predetermined probability.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the processing module is used for determining whether each neutron signal generates a capture event or not based on the amplitude of the ray signal corresponding to each neutron signal and a second random constant;

the output module is used for outputting a first signal corresponding to the neutron signal when the first time of the neutron signal is reached if the neutron signal is determined to generate the capture event.

the method further comprises the following steps:

the output module is used for outputting a first signal corresponding to gamma photons of the neutron signal after being captured by the hydrogen atoms when the first time of the neutron signal is reached if the capture event captured by the hydrogen atoms is determined to occur; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the output module is configured to output a first signal corresponding to a gamma photon of the neutron signal captured by a hydrogen atom at the first time when the neutron signal is reached if it is determined that a capture event captured by a gadolinium atom occurs.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the acquisition module is used for acquiring at least one randomly generated ray signal at the same time; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the acquisition module is used for acquiring 1 st to ith ray signals respectively corresponding to the 1 st to ith moments generated randomly; wherein i is an integer of 1 or more.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the output module is used for outputting a first signal corresponding to a neutron signal generated by each ray signal and a second signal corresponding to a positron signal by using the same output channel.

As shown in fig. 14, an embodiment of the present application further provides a nuclear signal simulation apparatus, where the apparatus includes: an acquisition module 801, a channel selection module 802, a confirmation module 803, an attenuation module 804, an accumulation module 805, and an output module 806; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the acquiring module 801 is configured to acquire at least one randomly generated ray signal.

The acquiring module 801 is further configured to acquire each positron signal and each neutron signal generated by each radiation signal if an anti-beta decay event occurs;

the channel selection module 802 is configured to select an output channel if the anti-beta decay event occurs.

The determining module 803 is configured to determine whether each of the ray signals has an anti- β decay event based on the amplitude of each of the ray signals and a first random constant; determining a predetermined probability of each of the ray signals occurring the anti-beta decay event based on the magnitude of each of the ray signals; if the neutron signal is determined to generate the capture event, determining that the capture event captured by the hydrogen atom or the capture event captured by the gadolinium atom occurs based on the ratio of the capture probability of the hydrogen atom to the capture probability of the gadolinium atom;

the confirmation module 803, also for determining a first time of capture of each said neutron signal and a second time of annihilation of each said positron signal;

the confirming module 803 is further configured to determine, based on the amplitude of the first attenuated signal, that the first attenuated signal whose amplitude satisfies a first predetermined amplitude range is a first random signal; the second attenuation signal with the amplitude meeting a second predetermined amplitude range is determined to be a second random signal based on the amplitude of the second attenuation signal;

the attenuation module 804 is configured to obtain a first attenuation signal corresponding to each attenuated neutron signal based on an amplitude and an attenuation time constant of a gamma photon signal corresponding to each neutron signal; acquiring a second attenuation signal corresponding to each attenuated positron signal based on the amplitude and the attenuation time constant of the double gamma photon signal corresponding to each positron signal;

the accumulation module 805 is configured to, if a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value in the first time of the at least two neutron signals is within a first predetermined time range, superimpose first signals corresponding to the at least two neutron signals; and/or if the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the second time of at least two positron signals is within a second preset time range, superposing the second signals corresponding to at least two positron signals;

the output module 806 is configured to output a first signal corresponding to each of the neutron signals when the first time corresponding to each of the neutron signals is reached, and/or output a second signal corresponding to each of the positron signals when the second time corresponding to each of the positrons is reached.

As shown in fig. 15, the present application further provides a terminal, where the terminal includes a processor 901 and a memory 902 for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor 901; when the processor 901 is used to run a computer program, the information processing method according to any embodiment of the present application is implemented.

In some embodiments, memory 902 in embodiments of the present application may be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The non-volatile Memory may be a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an Electrically Erasable PROM (EEPROM), or a flash Memory. Volatile Memory can be Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as external cache Memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static random access memory (Static RAM, SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Synchronous Dynamic random access memory (Synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic random access memory (ddr Data Rate SDRAM, ddr SDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and Direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 902 of the systems and methods described herein is intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

And processor 901 may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be implemented by integrated logic circuits of hardware or instructions in the form of software in the processor 901. The Processor 901 may be a general-purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. The various methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory 902, and the processor 901 reads the information in the memory 902, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with the hardware thereof.

In some embodiments, the embodiments described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof. For a hardware implementation, the Processing units may be implemented within one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), general purpose processors, controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, other electronic units configured to perform the functions described herein, or a combination thereof.

For a software implementation, the techniques described herein may be implemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein. The software codes may be stored in a memory and executed by a processor. The memory may be implemented within the processor or external to the processor.

Yet another embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium, which stores an executable program, and when the executable program is executed by a processor 901, the steps of the information processing method applied to the terminal can be realized. For example, as one or more of the methods shown in fig. 1-12.

In some embodiments, the computer storage medium may include: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.

It should be noted that: the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of nuclear signal simulation, the method comprising:

acquiring at least one randomly generated ray signal;

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first signal comprises: a first random signal;

the method comprises the following steps:

outputting the first random signal corresponding to each of the neutron signals at the first time of reaching each of the neutron signals.

4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the second signal comprises: a second attenuated signal;

the method further comprises the following steps:

and outputting the second attenuation signal corresponding to each positron signal at the second time of reaching each positron signal.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second signal comprises: a second random signal;

the method comprises the following steps:

and outputting the second random signal corresponding to each positron signal at the second time of reaching each positron signal.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein said outputting a first signal corresponding to each said neutron signal at said first time for each said neutron signal comprises:

outputting the first signal after superposition;

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and outputting the second signal after superposition.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether each of the ray signals has an anti-beta decay event based on the amplitude of each of the ray signals and a first random constant comprises:

determining a first probability based on the first random constant;

alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the neutron signal is subjected to a capture event comprising: the neutron signal generates a capture event captured by a hydrogen atom, or the neutron signal generates a capture event captured by a gadolinium atom;

if it is determined that a capture event occurs in each of the neutron signals, outputting a first signal corresponding to each of the neutron signals at the first time of reaching each of the neutron signals, including:

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the acquiring the randomly generated at least one ray signal comprises:

acquiring at least one randomly generated ray signal at the same time;

alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

11. The method of claim 1, wherein outputting a first signal corresponding to each said neutron signal at said first time to each said neutron signal and outputting a second signal corresponding to each said positron signal at said second time to each said positron signal comprises:

12. A nuclear signal simulation apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

an acquisition module for acquiring at least one randomly generated ray signal;

and the output module is used for outputting a first signal corresponding to each neutron signal when the first time corresponding to each neutron signal is reached, and/or outputting a second signal corresponding to each positron signal when the second time corresponding to each positron is reached.

13. A terminal, characterized in that the terminal comprises a processor and a memory for storing a computer program operable on the processor; wherein the processor is adapted to carry out the triage method of any one of claims 1-11 when running the computer program.

14. A storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor to perform the triage method of any of claims 1-11.