CN114421679B - Cooling structure of salient pole synchronous motor magnetic pole winding - Google Patents

Cooling structure of salient pole synchronous motor magnetic pole winding Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114421679B
CN114421679B CN202210047026.6A CN202210047026A CN114421679B CN 114421679 B CN114421679 B CN 114421679B CN 202210047026 A CN202210047026 A CN 202210047026A CN 114421679 B CN114421679 B CN 114421679B
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China
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magnetic
magnetic pole
radial
cooling
guide block
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CN114421679A (en
Inventor
郑小康
路振刚
铎林
刘健俊
佟德利
朱忠英
何晓华
王勇
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Dongfang Electric Machinery Co Ltd DEC
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Dongfang Electric Machinery Co Ltd DEC
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K1/325Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium between salient poles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating

Abstract

The invention discloses a cooling structure of a pole winding of a salient pole synchronous motor, and relates to the technical field of motor cooling. According to the invention, a radial flow passage is arranged in the middle of a magnetic pole coil, a flow guide block is arranged between magnetic poles, cooling gas flowing out of a magnetic yoke ventilation groove passes through the flow guide block to form three paths of radial ventilation cooling air passages, the first path of radial ventilation cooling air passage enters the radial flow passage of the magnetic pole coil at one side of the flow guide block, the second path of radial ventilation cooling air passage enters the radial flow passage of the magnetic pole coil at the other side of the flow guide block, and the third path of radial ventilation cooling air passage enters the space between two magnetic poles through an air guide hole to cool the outer surface of the magnetic pole coil. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the flow guide blocks, the air cooling and the external surface cooling air quantity distribution are regulated, so that the overall temperature distribution of the magnetic pole coil is more uniform, and the magnetic pole cooling effect of the whole rotor is improved.

Description

Cooling structure of salient pole synchronous motor magnetic pole winding
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor cooling, in particular to a cooling structure of a pole winding of a salient pole synchronous motor.
Background
With the development and progress of technology, the single-machine capacity of salient pole machines is continuously improved. For a high-rotation-speed high-capacity motor, the capacity per pole is improved more obviously. Under the prior art condition, in order to ensure the temperature rise index of the magnetic pole coil, two solutions are generally adopted: firstly, an external fan is arranged, and a forced cooling mode is adopted; secondly, the number of turns and the weight of the magnetic pole coil are increased to reduce the electric density, so that the total heating loss is controlled. For the forced cooling mode, the cooling of the whole unit is limited by the reliability of an external fan; for the mode of increasing the weight of the magnetic pole coil and reducing the total heating loss, the stress of the magnetic pole, the magnetic yoke, the rotor bracket and other parts is obviously increased. Therefore, for high-speed units with large capacity per pole, it is necessary to improve the cooling condition of the pole coil by improving the ventilation cooling effect of the pole, thereby reducing the weight of the whole pole assembly.
The salient pole synchronous motor magnetic pole mainly comprises a magnetic pole iron core, a magnetic pole coil and a damping winding, wherein the magnetic pole coil is used for supplying current, the magnetic pole coil is sleeved outside the magnetic pole iron core, the magnetic pole coil is formed by stacking multiple layers of current carrying rows, and insulating materials are arranged between the current carrying rows. The current carrying bar is also called a bus or a busbar, is a conductor for carrying current and is used for carrying exciting current of the salient pole synchronous motor, and after the current is conducted in the current carrying bar formed by mutually insulating and stacking, the current carrying bar is similar to a spiral coil, a magnetic field can be generated, the magnetic pole iron core enhances the magnetic field, and meanwhile, the magnetic pole iron core plays a supporting role on the magnetic pole coil.
The pole cooling of salient pole machines is typically gas cooled. The rotor support and the magnetic yoke generate wind pressure heads in the rotating process, cooling gas is blown to the pole poles, the cooling gas can sweep the surfaces of the pole coils at the poles in the process of flowing through the pole poles to enter an air gap and a stator iron core ventilation ditch, and the cooling gas exchanges heat with the pole coils on the surfaces of the pole coils to take away the heat of the pole coils, so that the cooling of the pole coils is realized. In the cooling mode, the surface of the magnetic pole coil participating in heat exchange is only a small part of the surface of the magnetic pole coil along the thickness direction of the magnetic pole current carrying row, and the cooling effect is not ideal.
Chinese patent publication No. CN103715803a, publication No. 04/09 of 2014 discloses a method for cooling rotor magnetic pole inner cooling and outer cooling partition, wherein cooling gas flows into a passage between two magnetic pole coils through a ventilation partition device on the air inlet end of the two magnetic pole coils to form an outer surface cooling air path, and cools the outer surface of the magnetic pole coils, and at the same time, cooling gas flows into the inside of the magnetic pole coils through a gap between the magnetic pole core and the magnetic pole coils to form an inner surface cooling ventilation air path, and cools the inner surface of the magnetic pole coils, and then flows into the passage between the two magnetic pole coils from the inside of the magnetic pole coils, and the ventilation partition device partitions the outer cooling ventilation air path and the inner cooling ventilation air path flowing into the passage.
In the method for cooling the rotor magnetic pole in the inner cooling and the outer cooling in the partition way, the ventilation air paths of the inner cooling and the outer cooling in the passage between the two magnetic pole coils are separated, so that the ventilation air paths of the inner cooling and the outer cooling are not interfered with each other, the cooling gas of the inner ventilation can smoothly flow into the passage between the two magnetic pole coils, and further the cooling effect of the whole rotor magnetic pole is ensured, however, the ventilation air paths are all the cooling gas sweeping the inner surface and the outer surface of the magnetic pole coils, and the cooling effect is difficult to be compatible for the heating core part inside the copper bar of the magnetic pole coils.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a cooling structure of a pole winding of a salient pole synchronous motor, and aims to solve the problem that the cooling effect of a heating core part inside a current carrying row of a pole coil is difficult to consider. According to the invention, a radial flow passage is arranged in the middle of a magnetic pole coil, a flow guide block is arranged between magnetic poles, cooling gas flowing out of a magnetic yoke ventilation groove passes through the flow guide block to form three paths of radial ventilation cooling air passages, the first path of radial ventilation cooling air passage enters the radial flow passage of the magnetic pole coil at one side of the flow guide block, the second path of radial ventilation cooling air passage enters the radial flow passage of the magnetic pole coil at the other side of the flow guide block, and the third path of radial ventilation cooling air passage enters the space between two magnetic poles through an air guide hole to cool the outer surface of the magnetic pole coil. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the flow guide blocks, the air cooling and the external surface cooling air quantity distribution are regulated, so that the overall temperature distribution of the magnetic pole coil is more uniform, and the magnetic pole cooling effect of the whole rotor is improved.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the cooling structure of the pole winding of the salient pole synchronous motor comprises a rotor bracket, a magnetic yoke and a plurality of magnetic poles, wherein the magnetic poles are assembled on the outer surface of the magnetic yoke, and the inner surface of the magnetic yoke is connected with the rotor bracket; the method comprises the steps that a radial flow passage is formed in the middle of a magnetic pole coil of each magnetic pole, a flow guide block is assembled between two adjacent magnetic poles and is positioned at an air outlet of a magnetic yoke ventilation groove on a magnetic yoke, two side faces of the flow guide block are air guide faces, an air guide hole is formed in the middle of the flow guide block, cooling air flowing out of the magnetic yoke ventilation groove forms three paths of radial ventilation cooling air paths after passing through the flow guide block, the first paths of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the radial flow passage of the magnetic pole coil on one side of the flow guide block, the second paths of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the radial flow passage of the magnetic pole coil on the other side of the flow guide block, and the third paths of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the space between the two magnetic poles through the air guide hole to cool the outer surface of the magnetic pole coil.
The magnetic pole coil of the magnetic pole is formed by stacking a plurality of layers of current carrying rows along the radial direction of the magnetic yoke, and insulating materials are arranged between adjacent current carrying rows; and the middle part of each layer of current carrying row is provided with an overflow hole, and after a plurality of layers of current carrying rows are stacked together, the overflow holes are mutually corresponding to form the radial overflow channel.
The radial through-flow channels are arranged in a plurality, and the radial through-flow channels are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the current carrying row.
The overflow holes are round overflow holes, square overflow holes, trapezoid overflow holes, semicircular overflow holes or waist overflow holes.
The flow guide block is V-shaped, two support arms at the upper end of the flow guide block are respectively connected to the bottoms of two adjacent magnetic poles, and the flow guide hole is formed in the root of the flow guide block.
The central line of the flow guide block coincides with the central line between the poles.
The magnetic yoke ventilation ditch is formed by enclosing two adjacent magnetic yoke air guide belts on the magnetic yoke.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects brought by the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the cooling gas flowing out of the magnetic yoke ventilation channel passes through the guide block to form three paths of radial ventilation cooling air channels, the first path of radial ventilation cooling air channels enters the radial flow passage of the magnetic pole coil at one side of the guide block, the second path of radial ventilation cooling air channels enters the radial flow passage of the magnetic pole coil at the other side of the guide block, and the third path of radial ventilation cooling air channels enters the space between two magnetic poles through the air guide holes to cool the outer surface of the magnetic pole coil. By the combined cooling method of air-air internal cooling and external surface cooling, two paths of ventilation air paths with set distribution proportion air quantity are formed simultaneously after cooling air flows through the flow guide block, the air-air internal cooling air path cools the inner part of the magnetic pole coil current carrying row, and the external surface cooling air path cools the two external surfaces of the magnetic pole coil current carrying row, which are close to the central line of the adjacent magnetic pole; compared with the Chinese patent literature with the publication number of CN103715803A and the publication date of 2014, 04 and 09, the current-carrying emptying internal cooling air passage and the external surface cooling air passage are radial ventilation air passages, and the wind pressure paths generated by the current-carrying emptying internal cooling air passage and the external surface cooling air passage are consistent with those generated by the rotating parts of the vertical unit, so that the process implementation method is more direct; meanwhile, part of cooling fluid directly cools the heating core part of the current-carrying copper bar, so that the cooling efficiency is higher, and the temperature distribution of the whole magnetic pole coil is more uniform.
2. The radial flow passage is perpendicular to the width direction of the magnetic pole coil, the manufacture is simple, the radial air-to-air cooling ventilation air passage is convenient to realize, and the inner cooling effect of the current carrying row of the magnetic pole coil is improved.
3. The radial flow passage is arranged in the carrier fluid, so that the contact area between the magnetic pole coil and the cooling gas is increased, and meanwhile, the cooling gas directly exchanges heat with the core part of the heating body, so that the cooling efficiency is improved, and the cooling effect of the whole magnetic pole coil is further effectively improved.
4. The number of the radial flow channels is multiple, the distance between any two adjacent radial flow channels is the same, the air-to-air cooling effect of the magnetic pole coil is better, and the cooling requirements of different intensities can be met; the distance between two adjacent radial through-flow channels is the same, so that the whole magnetic pole coil is cooled more uniformly.
5. When the radial flow passage of the current carrying row rotates along with the rotor, a certain wind pressure head can be formed, so that the wind quantity generated by the magnetic poles is increased.
6. The flow guide block distributes cooling gas between adjacent magnetic poles into two paths according to a certain proportion, and for different design objects, the optimal value of the cooling gas needs to be calculated through complex calculation and finite element analysis calculation, and the cooling coefficient of the current carrying row and the overall loss of the magnetic pole coil are comprehensively considered to determine. In a trend, the larger the cooling air quantity ratio flowing through the radial flow passage is, the better the cooling effect is.
7. The cross section of the radial flow passage is round, square, trapezoid, round, waist-shaped or any other geometric shape capable of allowing the gas to pass through, so that different application requirements can be met under the condition that the smooth passing of the cooling gas is ensured.
8. According to the invention, the V-shaped hollow structural design of the air guide block is specially adopted, so that on one hand, the self weight of the air guide block can be reduced, the centrifugal force born by the air guide block is reduced, on the other hand, a fan result can be formed, a certain pressure head is formed, the air quantity of a unit is increased, and the inter-pole cooling effect of the magnetic poles is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cooling structure according to the present invention;
reference numerals: 1. the magnetic pole coil, 2, the magnetic pole iron core, 3, radial through flow channels, 4, the guide block, 5, the air guide surface, 6, the air guide hole, 7, the current carrying row, 8, the through flow hole, 9, the insulating material, 10, the guide block root.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further elaborated below with reference to the specification drawings and the specific embodiments. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 of the specification, the present embodiment discloses a cooling structure for a pole winding of a salient pole synchronous motor, including a rotor bracket, a yoke, and a plurality of poles, the poles being assembled on an outer surface of the yoke, and an inner surface of the yoke being connected to the rotor bracket; the magnetic pole comprises a magnetic pole iron core 2 and a magnetic pole coil 1, and the magnetic pole coil 1 is arranged on the magnetic pole iron core 2; the middle part of a magnetic pole coil 1 of a magnetic pole is provided with a radial ventilation channel 3, a guide block 4 is assembled between two adjacent magnetic poles, the guide block 4 is positioned at an air outlet of a magnetic yoke ventilation groove on a magnetic yoke, two side surfaces of the guide block 4 are provided with air guide surfaces 5, the middle part of the guide block 4 is provided with air guide holes 6, cooling air flowing out of the magnetic yoke ventilation groove forms three paths of radial ventilation cooling air paths after passing through the guide block 4, the first path of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the radial ventilation channel 3 of the magnetic pole coil 1 at one side of the guide block 4, the second path of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the radial ventilation channel 3 of the magnetic pole coil 1 at the other side of the guide block 4, and the third path of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the two magnetic poles through the air guide holes 6 to cool the outer surface of the magnetic pole coil 1. By the combined cooling method of air-cooling and external surface cooling, cooling air flows through the guide blocks 4 to form two paths of ventilation air paths with set distribution proportion air quantity, the air-cooling air paths cool the inner part of the current carrying row 7 of the magnetic pole coil 1, and the external surface cooling air paths cool the two external surfaces of the current carrying row 7 of the magnetic pole coil 1, which are close to the central line of the adjacent magnetic pole; compared with the prior art, the current carrying exhaust 7 air internal cooling air passage and the external surface cooling air passage are radial ventilation air passages, and are consistent with a wind pressure path generated by a rotating part of the vertical unit, so that the process implementation method is more direct; meanwhile, part of cooling fluid directly cools the heating core part of the current-carrying copper bar, so that the cooling efficiency is higher, and the temperature distribution of the whole magnetic pole coil 1 is more uniform.
Example 2
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 of the specification, the present embodiment discloses a cooling structure for a pole winding of a salient pole synchronous motor, including a rotor bracket, a yoke, and a plurality of poles, the poles being assembled on an outer surface of the yoke, and an inner surface of the yoke being connected to the rotor bracket; the magnetic pole comprises a magnetic pole iron core 2 and a magnetic pole coil 1, and the magnetic pole coil 1 is arranged on the magnetic pole iron core 2; the middle part of a magnetic pole coil 1 of a magnetic pole is provided with a radial ventilation channel 3, a guide block 4 is assembled between two adjacent magnetic poles, the guide block 4 is positioned at an air outlet of a magnetic yoke ventilation groove on a magnetic yoke, two side surfaces of the guide block 4 are provided with air guide surfaces 5, the middle part of the guide block 4 is provided with air guide holes 6, cooling air flowing out of the magnetic yoke ventilation groove forms three paths of radial ventilation cooling air paths after passing through the guide block 4, the first path of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the radial ventilation channel 3 of the magnetic pole coil 1 at one side of the guide block 4, the second path of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the radial ventilation channel 3 of the magnetic pole coil 1 at the other side of the guide block 4, and the third path of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the two magnetic poles through the air guide holes 6 to cool the outer surface of the magnetic pole coil 1. The magnetic pole coil 1 of the magnetic pole is formed by stacking a plurality of layers of current carrying rows 7 along the radial direction of the magnetic yoke, and insulating materials 9 are arranged between the adjacent current carrying rows 7; and the middle part of each layer of current carrying rows 7 is provided with an overflow hole 8, and after a plurality of layers of current carrying rows 7 are stacked together, the overflow holes 8 correspond to each other to form the radial overflow channel 3.
Example 3
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 of the specification, the present embodiment discloses a cooling structure for a pole winding of a salient pole synchronous motor, including a rotor bracket, a yoke, and a plurality of poles, the poles being assembled on an outer surface of the yoke, and an inner surface of the yoke being connected to the rotor bracket; the magnetic pole comprises a magnetic pole iron core 2 and a magnetic pole coil 1, and the magnetic pole coil 1 is arranged on the magnetic pole iron core 2; the middle part of a magnetic pole coil 1 of a magnetic pole is provided with a radial ventilation channel 3, a guide block 4 is assembled between two adjacent magnetic poles, the guide block 4 is positioned at an air outlet of a magnetic yoke ventilation groove on a magnetic yoke, two side surfaces of the guide block 4 are provided with air guide surfaces 5, the middle part of the guide block 4 is provided with air guide holes 6, cooling air flowing out of the magnetic yoke ventilation groove forms three paths of radial ventilation cooling air paths after passing through the guide block 4, the first path of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the radial ventilation channel 3 of the magnetic pole coil 1 at one side of the guide block 4, the second path of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the radial ventilation channel 3 of the magnetic pole coil 1 at the other side of the guide block 4, and the third path of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the two magnetic poles through the air guide holes 6 to cool the outer surface of the magnetic pole coil 1. The magnetic pole coil 1 of the magnetic pole is formed by stacking a plurality of layers of current carrying rows 7 along the radial direction of the magnetic yoke, and insulating materials 9 are arranged between the adjacent current carrying rows 7; and the middle part of each layer of current carrying rows 7 is provided with an overflow hole 8, and after a plurality of layers of current carrying rows 7 are stacked together, the overflow holes 8 correspond to each other to form the radial overflow channel 3. When the radial flow passage 3 of the current carrying row 7 rotates along with the rotor, a certain wind pressure head can be formed to increase the wind quantity generated by the magnetic poles. The process implementation method is more direct; meanwhile, part of cooling fluid directly cools the heating core part of the current-carrying copper bar, so that the cooling efficiency is higher, and the temperature distribution of the whole magnetic pole coil 1 is more uniform.
Further, a plurality of radial through-flow channels 3 are provided, and the plurality of radial through-flow channels 3 are axially and equidistantly arranged along the current carrying row 7. The air inner cooling effect of the magnetic pole coil 1 is better, and the cooling requirements of different intensities can be met; the spacing between two adjacent radial through-flow channels 3 is the same, so that the whole magnetic pole coil 1 is cooled more uniformly.
Furthermore, the guide block 4 is V-shaped, two support arms at the upper end of the guide block 4 are respectively connected to the bottoms of two adjacent magnetic poles, and the guide hole is formed in the root 10 of the guide block. The V-shaped hollow structural design is specially adopted for the air guide block, so that on one hand, the self weight of the air guide block can be reduced, the centrifugal force born by the air guide block is reduced, on the other hand, a fan result can be formed, a certain pressure head is formed, the air quantity of a unit is increased, and the inter-pole cooling effect of the magnetic poles is improved.
Further, the center line of the guide block 4 coincides with the center line between the poles. The magnetic yoke ventilation ditch is formed by enclosing two adjacent magnetic yoke air guide belts on the magnetic yoke.

Claims (6)

1. The cooling structure of the pole winding of the salient pole synchronous motor comprises a rotor bracket, a magnetic yoke and a plurality of magnetic poles, wherein the magnetic poles are assembled on the outer surface of the magnetic yoke, and the inner surface of the magnetic yoke is connected with the rotor bracket; a radial flow passage (3) is formed in the middle of a magnetic pole coil (1) of each magnetic pole, a flow guide block (4) is assembled between two adjacent magnetic poles, and the flow guide block (4) is positioned at an air outlet of a magnetic yoke ventilation groove on a magnetic yoke; the method is characterized in that: the two side surfaces of the guide block (4) are air guide surfaces (5), an air guide hole (6) is formed in the middle of the guide block (4), cooling gas flowing out of a magnetic yoke ventilation ditch passes through the guide block (4) to form three paths of radial ventilation cooling air paths, the first path of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter a radial ventilation channel (3) of a magnetic pole coil (1) at one side of the guide block (4), the second path of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter the radial ventilation channel (3) of the magnetic pole coil (1) at the other side of the guide block (4), and the third path of radial ventilation cooling air paths enter a gap between two magnetic poles through the air guide hole (6) to cool the outer surface of the magnetic pole coil (1);
the magnetic pole coil (1) of the magnetic pole is formed by stacking a plurality of layers of current carrying rows (7) along the radial direction of the magnetic yoke, and insulating materials (9) are arranged between adjacent current carrying rows (7); and the middle part of each layer of current carrying row (7) is provided with an overflow hole (8), and after a plurality of layers of current carrying rows (7) are stacked together, the overflow holes (8) are mutually corresponding to form the radial current passing channel (3).
2. The cooling structure of the pole winding of the salient pole synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the radial flow channels (3) are arranged in a plurality, and the radial flow channels (3) are axially and equidistantly distributed along the current carrying rows (7).
3. The cooling structure of a pole winding of a salient pole synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the overflow holes (8) are round overflow holes (8), square overflow holes (8), trapezoid overflow holes (8), semicircular overflow holes (8) or waist-shaped overflow holes (8).
4. The cooling structure of a pole winding of a salient pole synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the flow guide block (4) is V-shaped, two support arms at the upper end of the flow guide block (4) are respectively connected to the bottoms of two adjacent magnetic poles, and the flow guide holes are formed in the root parts (10) of the flow guide block.
5. The cooling structure of a pole winding of a salient pole synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the central line of the flow guiding block (4) coincides with the central line between the poles.
6. The cooling structure of a pole winding of a salient pole synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the magnetic yoke ventilation ditch is formed by enclosing two adjacent magnetic yoke air guide belts on the magnetic yoke.
CN202210047026.6A 2022-01-17 2022-01-17 Cooling structure of salient pole synchronous motor magnetic pole winding Active CN114421679B (en)

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