CN114415486A - Three-dimensional holographic display device - Google Patents
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- CN114415486A CN114415486A CN202210179392.7A CN202210179392A CN114415486A CN 114415486 A CN114415486 A CN 114415486A CN 202210179392 A CN202210179392 A CN 202210179392A CN 114415486 A CN114415486 A CN 114415486A
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
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- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
- G03H1/2205—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements using downstream optical component
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional holographic display device, comprising: a holographic optical assembly for outputting a three-dimensional optical image; the band-pass filtering component is positioned on the light-emitting side of the holographic optical component and is used for transmitting light rays in a first wave band and filtering light rays in a second wave band; the three-dimensional optical image comprises light rays in a first wave band. Because the three-dimensional optical image comprises the light rays with the first wave band, the output of the three-dimensional optical image can be ensured due to the band-pass filtering component, and the multi-directional three-dimensional image display of the object is realized. In addition, the light of the second wave band can be filtered out by the band-pass filtering component, the reflection of the external environment light in the three-dimensional holographic display device is reduced, most of external environment reflected light is eliminated, the contrast of the display image of the three-dimensional holographic display device is improved, and the watching experience of a user is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a three-dimensional holographic display device.
Background
With the development of science and technology, the demand of people on display technology is further improved, and in order to meet the use demand of people on the three-dimensional display of display equipment, three-dimensional holographic display becomes a main development direction in the current display field.
The display effect of the existing three-dimensional holographic display system is still not ideal, and how to improve the display effect of the three-dimensional holographic display system becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a three-dimensional holographic display device to eliminate most of ambient light reflection, improve contrast, and improve the practicability of the three-dimensional holographic display device.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional holographic display device, including:
a holographic optical assembly for outputting a three-dimensional optical image;
the band-pass filtering component is positioned on the light-emitting side of the holographic optical component and is used for transmitting light rays in a first wave band and filtering light rays in a second wave band;
wherein the three-dimensional optical image includes light rays of the first wavelength band.
According to the three-dimensional holographic display device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the holographic optical component and the band-pass filter component are arranged, the holographic optical component is used for outputting a three-dimensional optical image, the band-pass filter component is positioned on the light-emitting side of the holographic optical component, and the band-pass filter component is used for transmitting light rays in a first wave band and filtering light rays in a second wave band. Because the three-dimensional optical image comprises the light rays with the first wave band, the output of the three-dimensional optical image can be ensured due to the band-pass filtering component, and the multi-directional three-dimensional image display of the object is realized. In addition, the light of the second wave band can be filtered out by the band-pass filtering component, the reflection of the external environment light in the three-dimensional holographic display device is reduced, most of external environment reflected light is eliminated, the contrast of the display image of the three-dimensional holographic display device is improved, and the watching experience of a user is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art three-dimensional holographic display system;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional holographic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a holographic optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another three-dimensional holographic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the wavelength of light and the transmittance of Bragg grating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional holographic display device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional holographic display device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the wavelength of light and the transmittance of a wavelength-selective absorption film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-a holographic optical component; 2-a bandpass filtering component; 3-a selective reflective structure; 4-a matting layer; 5-Bragg grating; 6-circular polarizer; 7-a selective transmission film; 8-selective absorption membranes; 9-a backlight module; 10-a spatial light modulator; 101-a phase adjustment panel; 102-an amplitude adjustment panel; 11-a converging field lens; 12-a liquid crystal grating; 121-a first liquid crystal module; 122-a second liquid crystal module; 123-a third liquid crystal module; human eye-13.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
The inventor researches and discovers that a large number of panels and optical components are arranged in the three-dimensional holographic display system, the number of reflecting interfaces is large, and the reflectivity of the system to the external environment light is high. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional holographic display system in the prior art, in the three-dimensional holographic display system in the prior art, external ambient light is reflected at multiple interfaces in an optical component 1 ', arrows with oblique line filling shown in fig. 1 represent light of a display image of the optical component 1 ', solid arrows represent ambient light and reflected light incident to the three-dimensional holographic display system from the outside, a large amount of reflected light emitted from the optical component 1 ' can be directly incident to human eyes, when a user watches the display device, the reflection of light is strong, the contrast of the image is seriously reduced, the watching effect of the user is affected, the product practicability is poor, and the actual use requirements are difficult to meet. In the application of the OLED display device, in order to reduce the influence of the reflected light, a circular polarizer is disposed at the light exit interface of the OLED display device, and a part of the reflected light is filtered by the circular polarizer.
However, the inventor found that, for a three-dimensional holographic display system, the interior of the three-dimensional holographic display system includes a large number of optical elements, when external ambient light passes through the optical elements, a large number of reflected lights are generated, and directions of the reflected lights are very disordered, and at this time, even if a circular polarizer is arranged on the light exit side of the three-dimensional display device, the circular polarizer can only filter a small part of the reflected lights, the filtering effect is very limited, most of the external ambient reflected lights are still emitted through the circular polarizer, and the display effect is still not ideal.
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional holographic display device, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the three-dimensional holographic display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the three-dimensional holographic display device includes:
a hologram optical element 1, the hologram optical element 1 being for outputting a three-dimensional optical image; the band-pass filtering component 2 is positioned on the light emergent side of the holographic optical component 1, and the band-pass filtering component 2 is used for transmitting light rays in a first waveband and filtering light rays in a second waveband; the three-dimensional optical image comprises light rays in a first wave band.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a holographic optical component according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the holographic optical component 1 may include a backlight module 9, a spatial light modulator 10, a converging field lens 11, and a liquid crystal grating 12, which are sequentially stacked; the backlight module 9 is used for providing field sequence collimation coherent light beams required by holographic display; the spatial light modulator 10 is used for modulating the phase and amplitude of the field-sequential collimated coherent light beam; the converging field lens 11 is used for converging the modulated field sequence collimation coherent light beam to the liquid crystal grating 12; the liquid crystal grating 12 is used to transmit a left-eye picture and a right-eye picture in the three-dimensional optical image to human eyes.
As shown in fig. 3, the backlight module 9 is disposed in the holographic optical assembly 1 and configured to provide a field-sequential collimated coherent light beam required for holographic display, a light source (not shown in the figure) and a beam expanding and collimating assembly (not shown in the figure) may be disposed in the backlight module 9, the light source is configured to provide field-sequential coherent red light, green light, and blue light, and the beam expanding and collimating assembly expands and collimates light emitted from the light source. The spatial light modulator 10 may be disposed on a side of the backlight module 9 close to a human eye, and is configured to modulate a phase and an amplitude of the field-sequential collimated coherent light beam, and a specific setting manner of the spatial light modulator 10 may refer to any prior art, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
Further, with reference to fig. 3, the converging field lens 11 may be disposed on a side of the spatial light modulator 10 away from the backlight module 9, and is configured to converge the modulated field-sequential collimated coherent light beam to the liquid crystal grating 12, and the converging field lens 11 may be configured to improve capability of edge light of the field-sequential collimated coherent light beam emitted from the spatial light modulator 10 to be incident to the liquid crystal grating 12. Further, the liquid crystal grating 12 is disposed on a side of the converging field lens 11 away from the spatial modulator 10, the field-sequential collimated coherent light beams output by the converging field lens 11 form a three-dimensional optical image, and the liquid crystal grating 12 is used for transmitting a left-eye image and a right-eye image in the three-dimensional optical image to human eyes, so that the human eyes can observe a three-dimensional stereoscopic image of an object in each direction. For example, a plurality of liquid crystal modules with different alignment directions may be disposed in the liquid crystal grating 12, fig. 3 exemplarily shows three liquid crystal modules, which are a first liquid crystal module 121, a second liquid crystal module 122, and a third liquid crystal module 123 along an exit direction of the three-dimensional optical image, where the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal module 121 is 0 degree, and the alignment directions of the second liquid crystal module 122 and the third liquid crystal module 123 are both 45 degrees, which is just one optional manner for disposing the liquid crystal grating 12, and in an actual application process, a person skilled in the art may dispose the liquid crystal grating 12 according to actual requirements.
As shown in fig. 3, because many optical elements are disposed in the holographic optical assembly 1, in the application process of the three-dimensional holographic display device, external ambient light may enter the holographic optical assembly 1, and the entered ambient light may be reflected multiple times at the interfaces of the optical elements in the holographic optical assembly 1, such as the spatial light modulator 10, the converging field lens 11, and the liquid crystal grating 12, to generate more reflected light, and the reflected light is emitted from the holographic optical assembly 1 again.
With continued reference to fig. 2, in the three-dimensional holographic display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, a band-pass filter component 2 is further disposed, where the band-pass filter component 2 is located on the light-emitting side of the holographic optical component 1, that is, the band-pass filter component 2 is disposed in the light-emitting path of the holographic optical component 1 and located near the human eye 13. The band-pass filter component 2 is used for transmitting the light of the first wave band and filtering the light of the second wave band.
The three-dimensional optical image comprises light rays with a first waveband, wherein the first waveband is a light ray waveband covered by the three-dimensional optical image output by the holographic optical component 1; meanwhile, the second wavelength band may be a wavelength band range having a large difference from the wavelength of light covered by the three-dimensional optical image output from the holographic optical component 1, or a wavelength band range of light which may cause interference with the output three-dimensional optical image, and the light of the second wavelength band should cover light of a color band displayed in the non-three-dimensional optical image in the external environment light. For the specific setting ranges of the values of the first wavelength band and the second wavelength band, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited, and those skilled in the art can set the values according to actual requirements, for example, the values can be set according to the type of the three-dimensional optical image output from the holographic optical assembly 1, if the three-dimensional optical image includes red light, green light, and blue light, the first wavelength band can be set to a wavelength band range corresponding to three light wavelengths including red light, green light, and blue light, and the second wavelength band can be set to a wavelength band range corresponding to three light wavelengths not including red light, green light, and blue light in the first wavelength band.
As shown in fig. 2, the band-pass filter assembly 2 is disposed on a side of the holographic optical assembly close to the human eye 13, when external ambient light enters the three-dimensional holographic display device, the band-pass filter assembly 2 filters the incident ambient light, and light in the first wavelength range can pass through the band-pass filter assembly 2 without affecting the normal output of the three-dimensional optical image by the holographic optical assembly 1; meanwhile, the light rays in the second wave band range are filtered, namely, the light rays in the second wave band in the incident external environment light rays are filtered, so that the reflection of the external environment light rays in the three-dimensional holographic display device is reduced, most of external environment reflected light is eliminated, and the contrast of the image displayed by the three-dimensional holographic display device is improved. The arrows with oblique lines filled in fig. 2 represent light rays of a display picture of the three-dimensional holographic display device, solid arrows represent ambient light rays and reflected light rays incident to the three-dimensional holographic display device from the outside, and the band-pass filter assembly 2 can filter the incident ambient light rays so as to filter light rays in a second waveband in the ambient light rays.
The specific construction mode of the bandpass filter component 2 is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can set the construction mode according to actual requirements, and any construction mode of the bandpass filter component 2 that can transmit light in the first wavelength band and filter light in the second wavelength band is within the scope of the technical solution protected by the embodiment of the present invention.
Optionally, a cover plate (not shown in the figure) may be further disposed on a side of the band-pass filter assembly 2 away from the holographic optical assembly 1, so as to protect the entire three-dimensional holographic display device, and the selection of the material and the specific arrangement of the cover plate may refer to the prior art, which is not described herein again.
In the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, a holographic optical component 1 and a band-pass filter component 2 are arranged in a three-dimensional holographic display device, the holographic optical component 1 is used for outputting a three-dimensional optical image, the band-pass filter component 2 is positioned on the light-emitting side of the holographic optical component 1, and the band-pass filter component 2 is used for transmitting light rays in a first wave band and filtering light rays in a second wave band. Because the three-dimensional optical image comprises the light of the first wave band, the output of the three-dimensional optical image can be ensured due to the existence of the band-pass filtering component 2, the multi-directional three-dimensional image display of an object is realized, and more importantly, the light of the second wave band can be filtered out by the band-pass filtering component 2, the reflection of the light of the external environment in the three-dimensional holographic display device is reduced, most reflected light of the external environment is eliminated, the contrast of the displayed image of the three-dimensional holographic display device is improved, and the watching experience of a user is further improved.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another three-dimensional holographic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, in a possible embodiment, the band-pass filter assembly 2 may include a selective reflection structure 3 and an extinction layer 4 sequentially disposed along the light-emitting direction of the holographic optical assembly 1.
Referring to fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the band-pass filter assembly 2 may include a selective reflection structure 3 and an extinction layer 4, the selective reflection structure 3 and the extinction layer 4 are sequentially disposed in a light-emitting direction of the holographic optical assembly 1, that is, in the three-dimensional holographic display device in this embodiment, the selective reflection structure 3 and the extinction layer 4 are sequentially disposed along the light-emitting direction of the holographic optical assembly 1, the selective reflection structure 3 is close to the light-emitting side of the holographic optical assembly 1, the extinction layer 4 is disposed on a side of the selective reflection structure 3 away from the holographic optical assembly 1, the selective reflection structure 3 and the extinction layer 4 form the band-pass filter assembly 2, and the extinction layer 4 is close to the human eye 13. Through the combined structure of the selective reflection structure 3 and the extinction layer 4, the transmission of the first waveband light and the filtering of the second waveband light are realized.
The selective reflection structure 3 can be used for blocking the transmission of light rays in a second wave band, and ensuring that the output of the three-dimensional optical image is not influenced; the extinction layer 4 can be used for further blocking or absorbing the light of the second waveband, so that the light of the first waveband can be transmitted normally, and the light of the second waveband can be filtered out to a greater extent when passing through the extinction layer 3.
Still referring to fig. 4, alternatively, in one possible embodiment, the selective reflecting structure 3 may be adapted to transmit light of a first wavelength band and reflect light of a second wavelength band; external ambient light is transmitted by the extinction layer 4 and then enters the selective reflection structure 3, and second-band light in the ambient light transmitted by the extinction layer 4 is filtered by the extinction layer 4 after being reflected by the selective reflection structure 3.
Specifically, at this time, the external ambient light firstly enters the extinction layer 4, and then enters the selective reflection structure 3 through the extinction layer 4, arrows with oblique line filling shown in fig. 4 represent light rays of the display screen of the three-dimensional holographic display device, and solid arrows represent ambient light and reflected light rays entering the three-dimensional holographic display device from the outside. In the embodiment of the present invention, the selective reflection structure 3 may be designed to transmit the light of the first wavelength band and reflect the light of the second wavelength band. Due to the existence of the selective reflection structure 3, the light ray of the second waveband in the ambient light transmitted by the extinction layer 4 does not penetrate through the selective reflection structure 3, but is reflected on the surface of the selective reflection structure 3 and transmitted to the extinction layer 4 again, at this time, the extinction layer 4 can filter out part of the reflected light ray of the second waveband, so that the reflected light of the second waveband is prevented from entering human eyes 13 through the extinction layer 4, and the contrast of the three-dimensional optical image is improved. The selective reflection structure 3 allows the light of the first wavelength band to transmit, and the three-dimensional optical image output by the holographic optical component 1 can normally pass through the selective reflection structure 3 and the extinction layer 4, so that the display of the object three-dimensional image is completed.
According to the three-dimensional holographic display device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the selective reflection structure 3 and the extinction layer 4 are sequentially arranged in the light-emitting direction of the holographic optical component 1, the selective reflection structure 3 can reflect the light rays in the second wave band in the external environment light rays, so that the light rays in the second wave band are reflected to the extinction layer 4, and the extinction layer 4 can further filter the light rays in the second wave band to eliminate the reflected light and reduce the influence of the reflected light on the three-dimensional optical image; in addition, because the selective reflection structure 3 allows the light of the first waveband to transmit, the three-dimensional optical image output by the holographic optical component 1 is not interfered by the selective reflection structure 3 and the extinction layer 4, and the display of the object stereoscopic image can be normally finished.
For the specific implementation manner of the selective reflection structure 3 and the extinction layer 4, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited, for example, the selective reflection structure 3 may be set as a bragg grating, and the bragg grating is used to implement reflection of the light in the second waveband; or the extinction layer 4 is set as a polarizer, and the reflected light in the second wavelength band is filtered by the polarizer, however, the selective reflection structure 3 and the extinction layer 4 are not limited to the above embodiment, and the specific design scheme may be chosen by those skilled in the art according to actual requirements.
With continued reference to fig. 4, optionally, in one possible embodiment, the selective reflecting structure 3 includes a bragg grating 5 and the extinction layer 4 includes a circular polarizer 6.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the selective reflection structure 3 may be formed by disposing the bragg grating 5. The bragg grating 5 is a reflection structure in which a plurality of layers of film layers with periodically changing refractive indexes are laminated, and by arranging the bragg grating 5, light rays near certain specific wavelengths can be reflected to a large extent, when the wavelength of the light rays incident to the bragg grating 5 meets the bragg equation, the light rays can be reflected, and light rays with other wavelengths are not influenced by the bragg grating 5. Because the Bragg grating 5 has good wavelength selectivity, the transmission of the first waveband light and the reflection of the second waveband light can be realized more accurately by arranging the Bragg grating 5.
Alternatively, the bragg grating 5 may be formed by any one of the prior arts, for example, the bragg grating 5 may be formed by disposing a plurality of alternating dielectric film layers with different refractive indexes, but the method is not limited to the foregoing method, and a person skilled in the art may select an implementation manner of the bragg grating 5 according to actual needs, and details thereof are not described here. It should be noted that the bragg grating 5 in the embodiment of the present invention is required to be able to transmit the light of the first wavelength band and reflect the light of the second wavelength band.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between a light wavelength and a transmittance of a bragg grating according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the transmittance of the bragg grating 5 is higher for light in wavelength ranges of red light, green light, and blue light, and is lower for light in other wavelength ranges. When the light wavelength of first wave band was located for red light, green light and blue light wave band scope, through setting up Bragg grating 5, can make the light of more first wave band see through, the light of the most other wave bands of reflection simultaneously, has avoided the influence that external environment reverberation caused to a great extent.
The manufacturing mode of the Bragg grating 5 is mature, the manufacturing process is simple, and the transmission effect of the light rays in the first wave band and the reflection effect of the light rays in the second wave band can be guaranteed by arranging the Bragg grating 5, so that the reflected light of the external environment is eliminated as much as possible, and the display effect of the three-dimensional optical image is improved.
Further, with continued reference to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the extinction layer 4 may be provided as a circular polarizer 6. The circular polarizer 6 is an optical element capable of generating circularly polarized light, and can realize conversion between linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light, the circular polarizer 6 comprises a linear polarizer and an 1/4 lambda plate, and the working principle is as follows: when natural light (unpolarized light) enters the circular polarizer 6, the natural light firstly passes through the linear polarizer, the linear polarizer transmits light with the polarization direction parallel to the transmission axis, the light with the polarization direction perpendicular to the transmission axis is blocked, linearly polarized light transmitted by the linear polarizer passes through the 1/4 lambda plate and then becomes circularly polarized light, the circularly polarized light after reflection passes through the 1/4 lambda plate again, the polarization direction of the circularly polarized light rotates 90 degrees, the polarization direction of the light when passing through the linear polarizer again is perpendicular to the transmission axis and cannot be transmitted, and the reflection of the light is effectively prevented. The circular polarizer 6 may be implemented by any conventional technique, and will not be described herein.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the external ambient light is incident to the circular polarizer 6, the polarization direction of a part of the ambient light passing through the circular polarizer 6 is changed (changed into circularly polarized light), and the part of the ambient light is transmitted to the bragg grating 5, and due to the reflection effect of the bragg grating 5 on the light of the second waveband, the light of the second waveband in the ambient light is reflected at the interface of the bragg grating 5, and is not incident into the holographic optical component 1 through the bragg grating 5, so that the phenomenon that a large amount of disordered reflected light is generated when the ambient light is incident to the holographic optical component 1 is effectively avoided. It should be noted that the overall role of the bragg grating 5 is to reflect light in the second wavelength band, the reflection of light at the interface of the bragg grating 5 near the extinction layer 4 is only shown as the role of the bragg grating 5, and the interface described herein also includes the interface between the plurality of film layers in the bragg grating 5. Furthermore, part of the second band light reflected by the bragg grating 5 is retransmitted to the circular polarizer 6, and since the polarization direction of the second band light is changed at this time, the second band light cannot pass through the circular polarizer 6, and the second band light is not emitted from the circular polarizer 6, so that the effect of eliminating the second band light is achieved.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another three-dimensional holographic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the band-pass filter component 2 may further include a bragg grating 5 and a selective transmission film 7 sequentially disposed along a light exit direction of the holographic optical component 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present invention, the band-pass filter component 2 may further be configured as a bragg grating 5 and a selective transmission film 7, and the bragg grating 5 and the selective transmission film 7 are sequentially disposed in the light-emitting direction of the holographic optical component 1, that is, in the three-dimensional holographic display device in this embodiment, the bragg grating 5 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the holographic optical component 1, the selective transmission film 7 is disposed on a side of the bragg grating 5 away from the holographic optical component 1, the bragg grating 5 and the selective transmission film 7 form the band-pass filter component 2, and the selective transmission film 7 is close to the human eye 13. The arrows with oblique line filling shown in fig. 6 indicate light rays of a display screen of the three-dimensional holographic display device, solid arrows indicate ambient light rays incident to the three-dimensional holographic display device from the outside and reflected light rays, and the existence of the selective transmission film 7 can block light rays in a second wavelength range from the ambient light rays from the outside.
The specific arrangement of the bragg grating 5 can refer to the above embodiments, and will not be described herein. Different from the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the selective transmission film 7 may be disposed on a side of the bragg grating 5 away from the holographic optical element 1, and the selective transmission film 7 may implement selective transmission or selective shielding of some external ambient light, when the light passes through the selective transmission film 7, the light incident within a certain angle range may pass through the selective transmission film 7, and another portion of the light may not pass through the selective transmission film 7, so that the blocking effect on the light of the second waveband may be implemented by selecting different selective transmission films 7. The adjustability of the selective transmission film 7 is stronger, and through designing the selective transmission film 7, the selective transmission film 7 can filter light rays in more second wave band ranges, meanwhile, the transmission effect on the light rays in the first wave band range is stronger, so that three-dimensional optical images are accurately output, and the light emitting effect of the three-dimensional holographic display device is further improved.
Still referring to fig. 6, alternatively, in a possible embodiment, the bragg grating 5 is configured to transmit light in a first wavelength band and reflect light in a second wavelength band, and the selective transmission film 7 is configured to transmit light with an incident angle α smaller than a predetermined angle and block light with an incident angle β larger than the predetermined angle;
the external ambient light is transmitted by the selective transmission film 7 and then is incident to the bragg grating 5, and the light of the second waveband in the ambient light transmitted by the selective transmission film 7 is reflected by the bragg grating 5 and then is incident to the selective transmission film 7 at an angle larger than a preset angle.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the bragg grating 5 can still be used to transmit the light of the first wavelength band and reflect the light of the second wavelength band; the selective transmission film 7 can be used for transmitting the light with the incident angle α smaller than the preset angle and blocking the light with the incident angle β larger than the preset angle, that is, the selective transmission film 7 allows the light with the incident angle α smaller than the preset angle to pass through, and the selective transmission film 7 blocks the light with the incident angle β larger than the preset angle, so that the light cannot pass through the selective transmission film 7.
With reference to fig. 6, when the external ambient light enters the three-dimensional holographic display device, due to the selective transmission film 7, a part of light with a large incident angle β is blocked and cannot enter the three-dimensional holographic display device; the other part of the light with the smaller incident angle alpha penetrates through the selective transmission film 7 and is transmitted to the bragg grating 5, because the bragg grating 5 can transmit the light with the first wave band and reflect the light with the second wave band, and in the part of the light transmitted to the bragg grating 5, the light with the wavelength in the second wave band can be reflected and is retransmitted to the selective transmission film 7. The light of the second wavelength band reflected by the bragg grating 5 is incident on the selective transmission film 7 again at a larger incident angle γ, and the selective transmission film 7 blocks the portion of the light of the second wavelength band, that is, blocks most of the light of the second wavelength band in the external environment. Meanwhile, the light rays forming the three-dimensional optical image output from the holographic optical component 1 are incident perpendicularly to the selective transmission film 7, and the selective transmission film 7 cannot block the light rays, so that the three-dimensional optical image is ensured to be normally displayed.
The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific value of the preset angle, and may be set to 3 degrees, 5 degrees, etc., but is not limited thereto. When the preset angle is smaller, the selective transmission film 7 has stronger shielding effect on the light of the second waveband, but if the preset angle is too small, the output of the three-dimensional optical image may be affected, and a person skilled in the art may set a specific value of the preset angle according to actual requirements.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional holographic display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the band-pass filter assembly 2 may optionally include a wavelength selective absorption film 8, where the wavelength selective absorption film 8 is configured to transmit light in a first wavelength band and absorb light in a second wavelength band.
With continued reference to fig. 7, in the embodiment of the present invention, the band-pass filter assembly 2 may be further configured as a wavelength selective absorption film 8, the wavelength selective absorption film 8 is used to transmit the light of the first wavelength band and absorb the light of the second wavelength band, that is, the light within the wavelength band covered by the three-dimensional optical image outputted by the holographic optical assembly 1 can transmit through the wavelength selective absorption film 8, and the light of the second wavelength band can be absorbed when passing through the wavelength selective absorption film 8.
The wavelength selective absorption film 8 has the advantages that the wavelength selective absorption film 8 can absorb the second waveband light in the external environment light without arranging other reflection structures in the band-pass filter component 2, so that the reflection of the second waveband light in the external environment light is reduced; meanwhile, the wavelength selective absorption film 8 can also transmit light rays of a first waveband, normal output of a three-dimensional optical image is guaranteed, external environment light reflection is eliminated, and the display effect of the three-dimensional holographic display device is improved in a mode with a simpler structure.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength of light and the transmittance of the wavelength selective absorption film according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the wavelength selective absorption film 8 has a high transmittance for light in the wavelength ranges of red light, green light and blue light, and a low transmittance for light in other wavelength ranges. When the light of first wave band was located red light, green light and blue light wave band scope, through setting up wavelength selectivity absorbing film 8, also can make the light of more first wave band permeate through, the light of the other wave bands of reflection most simultaneously to eliminate the influence of most external environment reverberation.
The wavelength selective absorption film 8 may be implemented by any conventional technology, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. Alternatively, in an exemplary embodiment, the wavelength selective absorption film 8 includes a substrate and a wavelength selective absorption dye doped in the substrate.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the substrate may be doped with a wavelength selective absorption dye to prepare the wavelength selective absorption film 8, for example, the substrate may be doped with a wavelength selective absorption dye having a higher absorption rate for light with a wavelength located in the second wavelength band, so that the prepared wavelength selective absorption film 8 can absorb most of light with the second wavelength band in the ambient light, reduce the influence of the light with the second wavelength band on the display effect, and improve the emission effect of the light with the first wavelength band.
The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the materials of the substrate and the wavelength selective absorbing dye, the specific manufacturing method, and the like, and those skilled in the art can select any implementation manner in the prior art according to the actual situation.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first wavelength band may include light of three wavelength bands, namely red light, green light and blue light.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a red laser, a green laser, and a blue laser may be provided in the hologram optical element 1, and the three-dimensional optical image may be formed by emitting red light, green light, and blue light by the lasers. In contrast, the first wavelength band may include three wavelength bands of red light, green light and blue light, and the band pass filter assembly 2 is configured to transmit three wavelength bands of light including the red light, the green light and the blue light.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention may also set the transmission light band of the band pass filter assembly 2 according to the wavelengths of the red light, the green light and the blue light. In one possible embodiment, the center wavelength of the red light is λ1The central wavelength of the green light is lambda2The central wavelength of the blue light is lambda3The band-pass filter component 2 comprises three transmission light wave bands, and the three transmission light wave bands are [ lambda ] respectively1-Δλ1，λ1+Δλ1]、[λ2-Δλ2，λ2+Δλ2]And [ lambda ]3-Δλ3，λ3+Δλ3]。
It can be understood that the wavelengths of the light rays of the respective colors cover a certain range, and in the implementation of the present invention, the respective corresponding transmission light wave bands can be set within a certain range before and after the central wavelength according to the central wavelengths of the red light ray, the green light ray and the blue light ray.
If the center wavelength of the red light is λ1Then the variable Δ may be setλ1At a central wavelength of red light of λ1Front and rear delta lambda1Within the range, the transmitted light waveband corresponding to the red light ray is set, that is, the transmitted light waveband corresponding to the red light ray can be [ lambda ]1-Δλ1，λ1+Δλ1](ii) a Similarly, if the central wavelength of the green light is λ2Then the variable Δ λ may be set2At the central wavelength λ of green light2Front and rear delta lambda2Within the range, the transmitted light band corresponding to the green light is set, that is, the transmitted light band corresponding to the green light can be [ lambda ]2-Δλ2，λ2+Δλ2](ii) a If the central wavelength of the blue light is λ3Then the variable Δ λ may be set3At the central wavelength λ of blue light3Front and rear delta lambda3Within the range, the transmitted light band corresponding to the blue light ray is set, that is, the transmitted light band corresponding to the blue light ray can be [ lambda ]3-Δλ3，λ3+Δλ3]。
The transmission light wave band of the band-pass filter component 2 is set according to the central wavelength of the red light, the green light and the blue light, so that the light in the first wave band range can be ensured to penetrate through the band-pass filter component 2, and the emergent effect of the three-dimensional optical image is not influenced.
Wherein for Δ λ1、Δλ2And Δ λ3The numerical value of (b) is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention, and can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual situations.
Alternatively, in one possible embodiment, Δ λ1、Δλ2And Δ λ3The following ranges can be selected: 2.5 nm-delta lambda1≤5nm，2.5nm≤Δλ2≤5nm，2.5nm≤Δλ3≤5nm。
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the holographic optical element 1 selects a laser as the light source to emit laser beams of different colors to form a three-dimensional optical image. The half-height width of the laser is small, and the half-height width refers to the full width of the band when the height of the electromagnetic wave absorption band is half of the maximum height, namely the width of the transmission peak when the height of the peak is half. For the light of the same color, the wavelength range covered by the laser is smaller than that covered by the ordinary light, for example, the wavelength range of red light in nature is 625 nm-740 nm, and the wavelength range of red laser is 635 nm-650 nm. The benefit of selecting for use laser emission laser lies in, can be through designing band-pass filter subassembly 2, makes band-pass filter subassembly 2 in first wave band, red light, green light and the near less within range of three wave bands of blue light promptly, realizes the higher transmissivity to first wave band light to make band-pass filter subassembly 2 can see through the light of more first wave bands, reflect the light of more second wave bands simultaneously.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, Δ λ may be set1、Δλ2And Δ λ3All set up in 2.5nm ~ 5nm within range, make band-pass filter subassembly 2's transmission light wave band in red light, green light and blue light's central wavelength 2.5nm ~ 5nm within range, realize that band-pass filter subassembly 2 accurately sees through the light in the three wave band ranges of red light, green light and blue light, make the three-dimensional optical image of holographic optical component 1 output can see through band-pass filter subassembly 2, guarantee image display effect. And, only the light that the wavelength lies in the central wavelength 2.5nm ~ 5nm within range of red light, green light and blue light can see through band-pass filter subassembly 2, and the light of other wave bands can be reflected by band-pass filter subassembly 2, also can eliminate a large amount of external environment reflected light, promotes the final display effect of three-dimensional optical image.
Alternatively, for Δ λ1、Δλ2And Δ λ3The specific value of (d) is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention, and can be set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and in a feasible embodiment, Δ λ1>Δλ3>Δλ2。
It can be understood that the human eye 13 has the highest sensitivity to green light, and therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the range of the transmission light band corresponding to green light in the band-pass filter assembly 2 can be set to be slightly smaller, i.e., Δ λ can be set2Is small, Δ λ1And Δ λ3Is greater than delta lambda2The value of (a) is such that the range of the wavelength band of the transmitted light corresponding to the green light is [ lambda ]2-Δλ2，λ2+Δλ2]Slightly smaller than the transmission light wave band range [ lambda ] corresponding to red light1-Δλ1，λ1+Δλ1]The range [ lambda ] of the transmitted light wave band corresponding to the blue light ray3-Δλ3，λ3+Δλ3]Therefore, the color of the three-dimensional optical image seen by human eyes 13 is more balanced, and the viewing experience of a user is improved.
Optionally, the coverage range of the light ray of the first wavelength band is optionally given in the above embodiment, and correspondingly, in the embodiment of the present invention, the wavelength range covered by the light ray of the second wavelength band may also be set.
In one possible embodiment, the second band of light includes wavelengths less than λ3-Δλ3Light ray with wavelength greater than lambda3+Δλ3And is less than lambda2-Δλ2Light of wavelength greater than lambda2+Δλ2And is less than lambda1-Δλ1Light and wavelength greater than lambda1+Δλ1At least one of the light rays of (a).
Specifically, when the band-pass filter assembly 2 includes three transmission light bands [ λ ] corresponding to each of red light, green light and blue light1-Δλ1，λ1+Δλ1]、[λ2-Δλ2，λ2+Δλ2]And [ lambda ]3-Δλ3，λ3+Δλ3]The wavelength of the light in the second wavelength band may be any value not within the above-mentioned three wavelength bands of transmitted light.
It is understood that, among the above-mentioned red light, green light and blue light, the central wavelength λ of the red light is1Center wavelength λ of maximum, blue light3Minimum, i.e. λ1>λ2>λ3Thus, corresponding to the three bands of transmitted light of the band-pass filter assembly 2, the corresponding second band of light may cover wavelengths less than λ3-Δλ3Greater than λ3+Δλ3And is less than lambda2-Δλ2Greater than λ2+Δλ2And is less than lambda1-Δλ1And is greater than λ1+Δλ1At least one of light with a wavelength less than the transmission light band corresponding to the blue light, light with a wavelength greater than the transmission light band corresponding to the blue light and less than the transmission light band corresponding to the green light, light with a wavelength greater than the transmission light band corresponding to the green light and less than the transmission light band corresponding to the red light, and light with a wavelength greater than the transmission light band corresponding to the red light.
The light rays arranged in the second wavelength band include three transmitted light wavelength bands [ lambda ] which do not belong to the red light ray, the green light ray and the blue light ray respectively1-Δλ1，λ1+Δλ1]、[λ2-Δλ2，λ2+Δλ2]And [ lambda ]3-Δλ3，λ3+Δλ3]The light within the range can filter light not belonging to the first waveband range in the external environment light, and redundant reflected light is prevented from being generated after the external environment light enters the three-dimensional holographic display device, so that influence of the reflected light on the contrast of a final three-dimensional display image is avoided.
Optionally, in a possible embodiment, the transmittance of the band-pass filter assembly 2 for the light of the first wavelength band is greater than or equal to 90%, and the transmittance for the light of the second wavelength band is less than or equal to 1%.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the transmittance of the band-pass filter component 2 for the light in the first wavelength band is greater than or equal to 90%, and the transmittance for the light in the second wavelength band is less than or equal to 1%, that is, the band-pass filter component 2 can transmit 90% or more of the light in the first wavelength band, so as to ensure the display effect of the three-dimensional optical image; meanwhile, the light transmittance of the band-pass filter component 2 to the second waveband is low and is only below 1%, most of light rays of the second waveband can be reflected, and the influence of the reflected light rays of the second waveband is reduced.
According to the three-dimensional holographic display device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the light rays in the second wave band can be filtered out by arranging the band-pass filtering component, the reflection of the light rays in the external environment in the three-dimensional holographic display device is reduced, most of reflected light rays in the external environment are eliminated, the contrast of the image displayed by the three-dimensional holographic display device is improved, and the watching experience of a user is further improved.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments illustrated herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A three-dimensional holographic display, comprising:
a holographic optical assembly for outputting a three-dimensional optical image;
the band-pass filtering component is positioned on the light-emitting side of the holographic optical component and is used for transmitting light rays in a first wave band and filtering light rays in a second wave band;
wherein the three-dimensional optical image includes light rays of the first wavelength band.
2. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 1, in which the band-pass filter assembly comprises a selective reflection structure and an extinction layer sequentially arranged along an exit direction of the holographic optical assembly.
3. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 2, wherein the selective reflection structure is configured to transmit light of the first wavelength band and reflect light of the second wavelength band;
external ambient light is transmitted by the extinction layer and then enters the selective reflection structure, and second waveband light in the ambient light transmitted by the extinction layer is filtered by the extinction layer after being reflected by the selective reflection structure.
4. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 2, in which the selective reflection structure comprises a bragg grating and the extinction layer comprises a circular polarizer.
5. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 1, wherein the band pass filter component comprises a bragg grating and a selective transmission film sequentially disposed along an optical exit direction of the holographic optical component.
6. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 5, wherein the Bragg grating is configured to transmit light in the first wavelength band and reflect light in the second wavelength band, and the selective transmission film is configured to transmit light with an incident angle smaller than a predetermined angle and block light with an incident angle larger than the predetermined angle;
the ambient light is transmitted by the selective transmission film and then is incident to the Bragg grating, and the light of a second waveband in the ambient light transmitted by the selective transmission film is reflected by the Bragg grating and then is incident to the selective transmission film at an angle larger than the preset angle.
7. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 1, wherein the band pass filter component comprises a wavelength selective absorbing film for transmitting light of the first wavelength band and absorbing light of the second wavelength band.
8. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 7, in which the wavelength selective absorption film comprises a substrate and a wavelength selective absorption dye doped in the substrate.
9. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 1, in which the first wavelength band comprises light of three wavelength bands of red light, green light and blue light.
10. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 9, in which the red light has a center wavelength λ1The central wavelength of the green light is lambda2The central wavelength of the blue light is lambda3The band-pass filter component comprises three transmission light wave bands, and the three transmission light wave bands are [ lambda ] respectively1-Δλ1，λ1+Δλ1]、[λ2-Δλ2，λ2+Δλ2]And [ lambda ]3-Δλ3，λ3+Δλ3]。
11. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 10, in which 2.5nm ≦ Δ λ1≤5nm，2.5nm≤Δλ2≤5nm，2.5nm≤Δλ3≤5nm。
12. Three-dimensional holographic display of claim 10, in which Δ λ1>Δλ3>Δλ2。
13. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 10, in which the second band of light comprises wavelengths less than λ3-Δλ3Light ray with wavelength greater than lambda3+Δλ3And is less than lambda2-Δλ2Light of wavelength greater than lambda2+Δλ2And is less than lambda1-Δλ1Light and wavelength greater than lambda1+Δλ1At least one of the light rays of (a).
14. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 1, wherein the bandpass filter component has a transmittance of 90% or more for light in the first wavelength band and a transmittance of 1% or less for light in the second wavelength band.
15. The three-dimensional holographic display of claim 1, wherein the holographic optical assembly comprises a backlight module, a spatial light modulator, a converging field lens and a liquid crystal grating, which are sequentially stacked;
the backlight module is used for providing a field sequence collimation coherent light beam required by holographic display;
the spatial light modulator is used for modulating the phase and amplitude of the field-sequential collimated coherent light beam;
the converging field lens is used for converging the modulated field sequence collimation coherent light beam to the liquid crystal grating;
the liquid crystal grating is used for transmitting a left eye picture and a right eye picture in the three-dimensional optical image to human eyes.
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