CN114413251B - System for adjusting main steam temperature of Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler - Google Patents

System for adjusting main steam temperature of Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114413251B
CN114413251B CN202111502166.XA CN202111502166A CN114413251B CN 114413251 B CN114413251 B CN 114413251B CN 202111502166 A CN202111502166 A CN 202111502166A CN 114413251 B CN114413251 B CN 114413251B
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steam
pressure
pressure heater
measuring device
pipe
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CN114413251A (en
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文立斌
胡弘
李俊
孙志媛
吴健旭
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Electric Power Research Institute of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
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Electric Power Research Institute of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
    • F22G5/02—Applications of combustion-control devices, e.g. tangential-firing burners, tilting burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/345—Control or safety-means particular thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/44—Use of steam for feed-water heating and another purpose
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F22B35/06—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B35/10—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/32—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters arranged to be heated by steam, e.g. bled from turbines
    • F22D1/325—Schematic arrangements or control devices therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat supply, power generation and control analysis thereof, and particularly relates to a system for adjusting the main steam temperature of a Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler. The invention is suitable for solving the technical problem of low temperature of main steam of the boiler caused by larger difference of electric coal components, in particular to a Pi-type opposite-impact once-through boiler with small range of adjusting flame center and limited range of adjusting steam temperature at the outlet of the boiler by a combustion mode. According to the invention, the water supply temperature of the inlet of the boiler is changed by adjusting the heating steam flow of the high-pressure heater, so that the temperature of the steam at the outlet of the boiler reaches a design value, and the purpose of preventing the steam at the outlet of the boiler with too low temperature from further reducing after entering the turbine to do work, so that the through-flow steam humidity of the low-pressure cylinder of the turbine is too high, and the final stage piece of the low-pressure cylinder of the turbine is damaged by water erosion.

Description

System for adjusting main steam temperature of Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat supply, power generation and control analysis thereof, and particularly relates to a system for adjusting the main steam temperature of a Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler.
Background
Along with the rapid increase of power demand, electric coal resources are short, and coal motor group boilers cannot completely operate by adopting designed coal types. The difference of the components of different batches of electric coal purchased by coal and electricity enterprises is large, as the range of adjusting the flame center is small for the Pi type opposite flow direct flow boiler, the range of adjusting the steam temperature of the boiler is limited in a combustion mode, so that the main steam temperature of the Pi type opposite flow direct flow boiler is greatly changed, when the main steam temperature of the boiler is high, the main steam temperature of the boiler can reach the design temperature of steam inlet of a steam turbine by spraying and reducing the temperature, but no proper adjusting and controlling means exists when the main steam temperature of the boiler is low. The temperature of the main steam of the boiler with the excessively low temperature is further reduced after the main steam enters the steam turbine to do work, so that the through-flow steam humidity of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is excessively high, and the final stage piece of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is damaged by water erosion. In order to improve the adaptability of the Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler to different coals, the main steam temperature of the boiler is flexibly adjusted, the problem of water erosion damage caused by low main steam temperature of a final stage boiler of a low-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine is solved, and the invention provides a system for adjusting the main steam temperature of the Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a system for adjusting the temperature of main steam of a straight-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler, which comprises the following specific technical scheme:
a system for adjusting the main steam temperature of a Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler comprises the Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler, a high-pressure cylinder, a medium-pressure cylinder and a No. 1 high-pressure heater;
the Pi-shaped opposite-impact direct-current boiler is connected with the high-pressure cylinder through a main steam pipe; the main steam pipe is provided with a main steam temperature measuring device, a main steam pressure measuring device and a main steam regulating valve;
the high-pressure cylinder is connected with a No. 1 high-pressure heater through a section of steam extraction pipe; a steam inlet regulating valve of a No. 1 high-pressure heater is arranged on the first section of steam extraction pipe;
the No. 1 high-pressure heater is connected with the opposite-impact direct-current boiler through a water supply pipe;
the system also comprises a data acquisition and control device; the main steam temperature measuring device, the main steam pressure measuring device, the main steam regulating valve and the steam inlet regulating valve of the No. 1 high-pressure heater are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device;
the main steam temperature measuring device and the main steam pressure measuring device are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of main steam in the main steam pipe and transmitting acquired data to the data acquisition and control device;
The data acquisition and control device is used for adjusting the opening of the steam inlet adjusting valve of the No. 1 high-pressure heater according to the measurement data of the main steam temperature measuring device and the main steam pressure measuring device, adjusting the steam quantity of the high-pressure cylinder entering the No. 1 high-pressure heater and then adjusting the temperature of the No. 1 high-pressure heater for heating water supply, so that the temperature of main steam in the main steam pipe reaches a preset value.
Preferably, a section of steam extraction check valve, a section of steam extraction stop valve, a section of steam extraction temperature measuring device, a section of steam extraction pressure measuring device and a No. 1 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve are sequentially arranged on the section of steam extraction pipe from the high-pressure cylinder to the No. 1 high-pressure heater; the first-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device and the first-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device are connected with the data acquisition and control device.
Preferably, a feed water flow tester, a feed water flow testing throttling device, a feed water temperature measuring device and a feed water pressure measuring device are arranged on the feed water main pipe; the water supply flow tester, the water supply flow testing throttling device, the water supply temperature measuring device and the water supply pressure measuring device are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device and are respectively used for measuring flow, temperature and pressure data of water supply, and the acquired data are transmitted to the data acquisition and control device, so that the data acquisition and control device can control and adjust the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve of the No. 1 high-pressure heater according to the measured flow, temperature and pressure data of the water supply.
Preferably, the device also comprises a No. 2 high-pressure heater; the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the opposite-impact direct-current boiler through a high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipe; the high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipe is connected with a No. 2 high-pressure heater through a two-section steam exhaust pipe; a steam inlet regulating valve of a No. 2 high-pressure heater is arranged on the two-section steam extraction pipe; the steam inlet regulating valve of the No. 2 high-pressure heater is connected with the data acquisition and control device; the data acquisition and control device is used for adjusting the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve of the No. 2 high-pressure heater according to the measurement data of the main steam temperature measuring device and the main steam pressure measuring device, so that the temperature of main steam in the main steam pipe reaches a preset value.
Preferably, the two-section steam extraction pipe is sequentially provided with a two-section steam extraction check valve, a two-section steam extraction stop valve, a two-section steam extraction temperature measuring device, a two-section steam extraction pressure measuring device and a No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve from the high-pressure cylinder steam extraction pipe to the No. 2 high-pressure heater, the two-section steam extraction temperature measuring device and the two-section steam extraction pressure measuring device are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device and are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of steam in the two-section steam extraction pipe, and the measured data are transmitted to the data acquisition and control device so that the data acquisition and control device can regulate the opening of the No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve.
Preferably, the device also comprises a No. 3 high-pressure heater and a middle-pressure cylinder; the Pi-shaped opposite-impact direct-current boiler is connected with the medium pressure cylinder through a reheating main steam pipe; the reheating main steam pipe is provided with a reheating main steam temperature measuring device, a reheating main steam pressure measuring device and a medium-pressure regulating valve which are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device; the reheating main steam temperature measuring device and the reheating main steam pressure measuring device are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of steam in the reheating main steam pipe and transmitting measured data to the data acquisition and control device;
the medium pressure cylinder is connected with a No. 3 high pressure heater through a three-section steam extraction pipe; a steam inlet regulating valve of a No. 3 high-pressure heater is arranged on the three-section steam extraction pipe, and the steam inlet regulating valve of the No. 3 high-pressure heater is connected with a data acquisition and control device; the data acquisition and control device is used for adjusting the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve of the No. 3 high-pressure heater according to the measurement data of the main steam temperature measuring device and the main steam pressure measuring device, so that the temperature of main steam in the main steam pipe reaches a preset value.
Preferably, the three-section steam extraction pipe is sequentially provided with a three-section steam extraction check valve, a three-section steam extraction stop valve, a three-section steam extraction temperature measuring device, a three-section steam extraction pressure measuring device and a steam inlet regulating valve of the No. 3 high-pressure heater from the middle pressure cylinder to the No. 3 high-pressure heater; the three-section steam extraction temperature measuring device and the three-section steam extraction pressure measuring device are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device and are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of steam in the three-section steam extraction pipe, so that the data acquisition and control device can control and adjust the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve of the No. 3 high-pressure heater according to the measured temperature and pressure of the steam in the three-section steam extraction pipe.
Preferably, the device also comprises a deaerator; the deaerator is connected with a No. 3 high-pressure heater through a water outlet pipe of the water supply pump; the No. 3 high-pressure heater is connected with the No. 2 high-pressure heater through a 2-3 high-pressure heater connecting pipe; the No. 2 high-pressure heater is connected with the No. 1 high-pressure heater through a 1-2 high-pressure heater connecting pipe; the water outlet pipe of the water feed pump is sequentially provided with a water feed pump and a water outlet check valve of the water feed pump from the deaerator to the No. 3 high-pressure heater; the deaerator supplements working medium through a condensation jellyfish tube; the deaerator supplements water for the No. 3 high-pressure heater, the No. 2 high-pressure heater and the No. 3 high-pressure heater through a water supply pump;
the water inlet temperature measuring device of the 3 high-pressure heater is arranged on the water outlet pipe of the water feed pump and is used for measuring the water inlet temperature of the 3 high-pressure heater; the 2-3 high-pressure heater connecting pipe is provided with a 2 high-pressure heater water inlet temperature measuring device which is used for measuring the water inlet temperature of the No. 2 high-pressure heater; the 1-2 high-pressure heater connecting pipe is provided with a 1 high-pressure heater water inlet temperature measuring device for measuring the water inlet temperature of the 1 high-pressure heater;
the water inlet temperature measuring device of the 1 high-pressure heater, the water inlet temperature measuring device of the 2 high-pressure heater and the water inlet temperature measuring device of the 3 high-pressure heater are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device.
Preferably, the No. 1 high-pressure heater is connected with the No. 2 high-pressure heater through a drain pipe of the No. 1 high-pressure heater; the No. 2 high-pressure heater is connected with the No. 3 high-pressure heater through a hydrophobic pipe of the No. 2 high-pressure heater; the No. 3 high-pressure heater is connected with the deaerator through a drain pipe of the No. 3 high-pressure heater;
the steam of the first section steam extraction pipe enters the No. 1 high-pressure heater for cooling and condensing and then flows into the No. 2 high-pressure heater through the No. 1 high-pressure heater drain pipe, the steam of the second section steam extraction pipe enters the No. 2 high-pressure heater for cooling and condensing and then flows into the No. 3 high-pressure heater through the No. 2 high-pressure heater drain pipe, and the steam in the third section steam extraction pipe enters the No. 3 high-pressure heater for cooling and condensing and then flows into the deaerator through the No. 3 high-pressure heater drain pipe;
the drain pipe of the No. 1 high-pressure heater is provided with a drain temperature measuring device of the No. 1 high-pressure heater; the water drain pipe of the No. 2 high-pressure heater is provided with a water drain temperature measuring device of the No. 2 high-pressure heater; the water drain pipe of the No. 3 high-pressure heater is provided with a water drain temperature measuring device of the No. 3 high-pressure heater; the water drainage temperature measuring device of the No. 1 high-pressure heater, the water drainage temperature measuring device of the No. 2 high-pressure heater and the water drainage temperature measuring device of the No. 3 high-pressure heater are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device.
Preferably, the device also comprises a condenser, a generator and a low-pressure cylinder, wherein the medium-pressure cylinder is connected with the low-pressure cylinder through a medium-low-pressure cylinder communication pipe; the low-pressure cylinder is connected with the generator and the condenser respectively.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention is suitable for solving the technical problem of low temperature of main steam of the boiler caused by larger difference of electric coal components, in particular to a Pi-type opposite-impact once-through boiler with small range of adjusting flame center and limited range of adjusting steam temperature at the outlet of the boiler by a combustion mode.
According to the invention, the water supply temperature of the inlet of the boiler is changed by adjusting the heating steam flow of the high-pressure heater, so that the temperature of the steam at the outlet of the boiler reaches a design value, and the purpose of preventing the steam at the outlet of the boiler with too low temperature from further reducing after entering the turbine to do work, so that the through-flow steam humidity of the low-pressure cylinder of the turbine is too high, and the final stage piece of the low-pressure cylinder of the turbine is damaged by water erosion.
When the heating steam flow of the high-pressure heater is regulated, the heating steam flow of each high-pressure heater can be cooperatively considered, so that the heating steam flow ratio entering each high-pressure heater is consistent with the heating steam flow ratio of the high-pressure heater under the design working condition of the maximum continuous economic output working condition of the steam turbine, and the steam turbine is in an economic running state; the heating steam of each high-pressure heater comes from the steam extraction of the steam turbine, and the effective control of the heating steam flow ratio of each high-pressure heater can prevent the axial thrust of the steam turbine from changing greatly due to uneven steam extraction of the steam turbine, so that the safe operation of the steam turbine is prevented from being influenced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system principle of the present invention;
wherein, the first-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device 1, the first-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device 2, the No. 1 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 3, the first-stage steam extraction pipe 4, the No. 1 high-pressure heater 5, the No. 1 high-pressure heater drainage temperature measuring device 6, the second-stage steam extraction check valve 7, the second-stage steam extraction stop valve 8, the second-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device 9, the second-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device 10 and the No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 11, the two-section steam extraction pipe 12, the 1-2 high-pressure heater connecting pipe 13, the No. 1 high-pressure heater drain pipe 14, the No. 2 high-pressure heater 15, the No. 2 high-pressure heater drain temperature measuring device 16, the 2-3 high-pressure heater connecting pipe 17, the No. 2 high-pressure heater drain pipe 18, the high-pressure cylinder exhaust check valve 19, the one-section steam extraction check valve 20, the one-section steam extraction check valve 21, the three-section steam extraction check valve 22, the three-section steam extraction check valve 23, the three-section steam extraction temperature measuring device 24, the three-section steam extraction pressure measuring device 25, the No. 3 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 26, the three-section steam extraction pipe 27, the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28, the No. 3 high-pressure heater drain temperature measuring device 29 deaerator 30, feed pump 31, feed pump water outlet check valve 32, feed pump water outlet pipe 33, condensate main pipe 34, no. 3 high-pressure heater drain pipe 35, condenser 36, generator 37, low pressure cylinder 38, medium and low pressure cylinder communication pipe 39, medium pressure cylinder 40, medium pressure regulating valve 41, main steam regulating valve 42, high pressure cylinder 43, main steam temperature measuring device 44, main steam pressure measuring device 45, main steam pipe 46, reheat main steam temperature measuring device 47, reheat main steam pressure measuring device 48, reheat main steam pipe 49, pi-type opposite-flushing once-through boiler 50, high pressure cylinder drain pipe 51, feed main pipe 52, A feed water flow rate tester 53, a feed water flow rate test throttle device 54, a feed water temperature measuring device 55, a feed water pressure measuring device 56, a 1 high-pressure heater feed water temperature measuring device 57, a 2 high-pressure heater feed water temperature measuring device 58, and a 3 high-pressure heater feed water temperature measuring device 59.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.
As shown in fig. 1, the system with real-time mode of the invention provides a system for adjusting the main steam temperature of a Pi-type opposite-impact once-through boiler, which comprises a Pi-type opposite-impact once-through boiler 50, a high-pressure cylinder 43, a medium-pressure cylinder 40 and a No. 1 high-pressure heater 5;
the Pi-shaped opposite-impact once-through boiler 50 is connected with the high-pressure cylinder 43 through the main steam pipe 46; the main steam pipe 46 is provided with a main steam temperature measuring device 44, a main steam pressure measuring device 45 and a main steam regulating valve 42;
the high-pressure cylinder 43 is connected with a No. 1 high-pressure heater 5 through a section of steam extraction pipe 4; a steam inlet regulating valve 3 of a No. 1 high-pressure heater is arranged on the first section of steam extraction pipe 4;
the No. 1 high-pressure heater 5 is connected with the opposite-flow direct-current boiler 50 through a water supply main 52;
the system also comprises a data acquisition and control device; the main steam temperature measuring device 44, the main steam pressure measuring device 45, the main steam regulating valve 42 and the No. 1 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 3 are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device;
The main steam temperature measuring device 44 and the main steam pressure measuring device 45 are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of main steam in the main steam pipe 46 and transmitting acquired data to the data acquisition and control device;
the data acquisition and control device is used for adjusting the opening of the steam inlet adjusting valve 3 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater according to the measurement data of the main steam temperature measuring device 44 and the main steam pressure measuring device 45, and adjusting the steam quantity of the high-pressure cylinder 43 entering the No. 1 high-pressure heater 5 so as to adjust the temperature of the No. 1 high-pressure heater 5 for heating the water supply, so that the temperature of the main steam in the main steam pipe 46 reaches a preset value.
The first section of steam extraction pipe 4 is provided with a first section of steam extraction check valve 20, a first section of steam extraction stop valve 21, a first section of steam extraction temperature measuring device 1, a first section of steam extraction pressure measuring device 2 and a No. 1 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 3 in sequence from the high-pressure cylinder 43 to the No. 1 high-pressure heater 5; the first-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device 1 and the first-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device 2 are connected with the data acquisition and control device.
Wherein, the water supply main pipe 52 is provided with a water supply flow tester 53, a water supply flow test throttling device 54, a water supply temperature measuring device 55 and a water supply pressure measuring device 56; the water supply flow tester 53, the water supply flow test throttling device 54, the water supply temperature measuring device 55 and the water supply pressure measuring device 56 are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device and are respectively used for measuring the flow, the temperature and the pressure data of the water supply, and the acquired data are transmitted to the data acquisition and control device, so that the data acquisition and control device can control and regulate the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve 3 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater according to the measured flow, the temperature and the pressure data of the water supply.
The invention also comprises a No. 2 high-pressure heater 15; the high-pressure cylinder 43 is connected with the Pi-shaped opposite-impact direct-current boiler 50 through a high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipe 51; the high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipe 51 is connected with the No. 2 high-pressure heater 15 through a two-section steam exhaust pipe 12; a No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 11 is arranged on the two-section steam extraction pipe 12; the No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 11 is connected with a data acquisition and control device; the data acquisition and control device is used for adjusting the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve 11 of the No. 2 high-pressure heater according to the measurement data of the main steam temperature measuring device 44 and the main steam pressure measuring device 45, so that the temperature of main steam in the main steam pipe 46 reaches a preset value.
The two-stage steam extraction pipe 12 is sequentially provided with a two-stage steam extraction check valve 7, a two-stage steam extraction stop valve 8, a two-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device 9, a two-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device 10 and a No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 11 from a high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipe 51 to a No. 2 high-pressure heater 15, the two-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device 9 and the two-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device 10 are respectively connected with a data acquisition and control device and are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of steam in the two-stage steam extraction pipe 12 and transmitting measured data to the data acquisition and control device so that the data acquisition and control device can regulate the opening of the No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 11.
The invention also includes a No. 3 high pressure heater 28, a medium pressure cylinder 40; the Pi-shaped opposite-flow once-through boiler 50 is connected with the medium pressure cylinder 40 through a reheating main steam pipe 49; the reheating main steam pipe 49 is provided with a reheating main steam temperature measuring device 47, a reheating main steam pressure measuring device 48 and a medium pressure regulating valve 41 which are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device; the reheat main steam temperature measuring device 47 and the reheat main steam pressure measuring device 48 are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of steam in the reheat main steam pipe 49 and transmitting measured data to the data acquisition and control device;
the medium pressure cylinder 40 is connected with the No. 3 high pressure heater 28 through a three-section steam extraction pipe 27; the three-section steam extraction pipe 27 is provided with a No. 3 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 26, and the No. 3 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 26 is connected with a data acquisition and control device; the data acquisition and control device adjusts the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve 26 of the No. 3 high-pressure heater according to the measurement data of the main steam temperature measuring device 44 and the main steam pressure measuring device 45, so that the temperature of main steam in the main steam pipe 46 reaches a preset value.
The three-section steam extraction pipe 27 is sequentially provided with a three-section steam extraction check valve 22, a three-section steam extraction stop valve 23, a three-section steam extraction temperature measuring device 24, a three-section steam extraction pressure measuring device 25 and a No. 3 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 26 from the middle pressure cylinder 40 to the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28; the three-section steam extraction temperature measuring device 24 and the three-section steam extraction pressure measuring device 25 are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device and are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of steam in the three-section steam extraction pipe 27, so that the data acquisition and control device can control and adjust the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve 26 of the No. 3 high-pressure heater according to the measured temperature and pressure of the steam in the three-section steam extraction pipe 27.
The present invention also includes deaerator 30; the deaerator 30 is connected with the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28 through a water supply pump water outlet pipe 33; the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28 is connected with the No. 2 high-pressure heater 15 through a 2-3 high-pressure heater connecting pipe 17; the No. 2 high-pressure heater 15 is connected with the No. 1 high-pressure heater 5 through a 1-2 high-pressure heater connecting pipe 13; a water feed pump 31 and a water feed pump water outlet check valve 32 are sequentially arranged on the water feed pump water outlet pipe 33 from the deaerator 30 to the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28; the deaerator 30 supplements working media through a condensate header 34; the deaerator 30 supplements water for the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28, the No. 2 high-pressure heater 15 and the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28 through a water supply pump 31;
the water inlet temperature measuring device 59 of the 3 high-pressure heater is arranged on the water outlet pipe 33 of the water feed pump and is used for measuring the water inlet temperature of the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28; the 2-3 high-pressure heater connecting pipe 17 is provided with a 2 high-pressure heater water inlet temperature measuring device 58 for measuring the temperature of water inlet of the No. 2 high-pressure heater 15; the 1-2 high-pressure heater connecting pipe 13 is provided with a 1 high-pressure heater water inlet temperature measuring device 57 for measuring the water inlet temperature of the No. 1 high-pressure heater 5;
the 1 high-pressure heater water inlet temperature measuring device 57, the 2 high-pressure heater water inlet temperature measuring device 58 and the 3 high-pressure heater water inlet temperature measuring device 59 are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device.
The No. 1 high-pressure heater 5 is connected with the No. 2 high-pressure heater 15 through a No. 1 high-pressure heater drain pipe 14; the No. 2 high-pressure heater 15 is connected with the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28 through a No. 2 high-pressure heater drain pipe 18; the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28 is connected with the deaerator 30 through a No. 3 high-pressure heater drain pipe 35;
the steam of the first section steam extraction pipe 4 enters the No. 1 high-pressure heater 5 to be cooled and condensed, then flows into the No. 2 high-pressure heater 15 through the No. 1 high-pressure heater drain pipe 14, the steam of the second section steam extraction pipe 12 enters the No. 2 high-pressure heater 15 to be cooled and condensed, then flows into the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28 through the No. 2 high-pressure heater drain pipe 18, and the steam in the third section steam extraction pipe 27 enters the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28 to be cooled and condensed, and then flows into the deaerator 30 through the No. 3 high-pressure heater drain pipe 35;
the drain pipe 14 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater is provided with a drain temperature measuring device 6 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater;
a water drain temperature measuring device 16 of the No. 2 high-pressure heater is arranged on the water drain pipe 18 of the No. 2 high-pressure heater;
the drain pipe 35 of the No. 3 high-pressure heater is provided with a drain temperature measuring device 29 of the No. 3 high-pressure heater;
the water-repellent temperature measuring device 6 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater, the water-repellent temperature measuring device 16 of the No. 2 high-pressure heater and the water-repellent temperature measuring device 29 of the No. 3 high-pressure heater are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device.
The invention also comprises a condenser 36, a generator 37 and a low-pressure cylinder 38, wherein the medium-pressure cylinder 40 is connected with the low-pressure cylinder 38 through a medium-low-pressure cylinder communication pipe 39; the low-pressure cylinder 38 is connected to the generator 37 and the condenser 36, respectively.
In the embodiment of the invention, E thermocouples are adopted by the first-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device 1, the No. 1 high-pressure heater drain temperature measuring device 6, the second-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device 9, the No. 2 high-pressure heater drain temperature measuring device 16, the third-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device 24, the No. 3 high-pressure heater drain temperature measuring device 29, the main steam temperature measuring device 44, the reheat main steam temperature measuring device 47, the feedwater temperature measuring device 55, the 1 high-pressure heater feedwater temperature measuring device 57, the 2 high-pressure heater feedwater temperature measuring device 58 and the 3 high-pressure heater feedwater temperature measuring device 59.
The primary steam extraction pressure measuring device 2, the secondary steam extraction pressure measuring device 10, the tertiary steam extraction pressure measuring device 25, the main steam pressure measuring device 45, the reheating main steam pressure measuring device 48 and the feedwater pressure measuring device 56 adopt EJA or Rosemount series pressure transmitters. The main steam regulating valve 42 and the medium pressure regulating valve 41 are hydraulic regulating valves. The inlet air regulating valve 3 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater, the inlet air regulating valve 11 of the No. 2 high-pressure heater and the inlet air regulating valve 26 of the No. 3 high-pressure heater adopt pneumatic regulating valves or electric regulating valves. The second-section steam extraction check valve 7, the first-section steam extraction check valve 20 and the third-section steam extraction check valve 22 adopt pneumatic butterfly valves; the water flow rate tester 53 adopts EJA or Rosemount series flow differential pressure transmitter, and the water flow rate test throttle device 54 adopts ASME long diameter nozzle, 1Cr13.
The following is further description by taking a 600MW unit as a case, wherein the steam turbine is supercritical, one-time intermediate reheating, impulse type, single-shaft type, three-cylinder type, four-exhaust type, double back pressure type and pure condensing type, and the model is as follows: n600-24.2/566/566; the main design parameters of the steam turbine are shown in table 1. Boiler type: the supercritical parameter variable-pressure direct-current furnace is a pi-type boiler with single reheating, single hearth, double tail flues, reheat steam temperature adjustment by adopting a baffle plate, opposite-flow combustion mode, balanced ventilation, open-air arrangement, solid slag discharge, all-steel framework and full suspension structure. The main design parameters are shown in table 2.
Table 1 main design parameters of steam turbine
Table 2 boiler design principal parameters (BMCR)
According to the first-stage extraction flow Q shown in Table 1 O1 Flow rate Q of two-stage steam extraction O2 Three-section steam extraction flow Q O3 Calculating to obtain the first section of extraction flow Q of the turbine generator set under the working condition of maximum continuous economic output O1 Flow rate Q of two-stage steam extraction O2 Three-section steam extraction flow Q O3 The ratio of (2) is as follows:
Q O1 :Q O2 :Q O3 ＝1:λ 12 :λ 13 ＝1.00：2.20：2.79。
λ 12 the ratio of the steam extraction quantity of the second section of steam extraction pipe 4 to the steam extraction quantity of the first section of steam extraction pipe 12 is the steam extraction quantity of the steam turbine generator set under the working condition of maximum continuous economic output;
λ 13 the ratio of the extraction quantity of the three-section extraction pipe 12 to the extraction quantity of the one-section extraction pipe 27 under the working condition of maximum continuous economic output of the turbine generator set.
In this embodiment, a mode of cooperative control of the No. 1 high-pressure heater 5, the No. 2 high-pressure heater 15 and the No. 3 high-pressure heater 28 is adopted, when the unit is operated under a high-load working condition of 600MW, the temperature of main steam on the turbine side of the p-type hedging direct-current boiler 50 is 520 ℃, 46 ℃ lower than the temperature of rated main steam on the turbine side, the data acquisition and control device sends out a control valve opening instruction x of the No. 1 high-pressure heater steam inlet control valve 3, the No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet control valve 11 and the No. 3 high-pressure heater steam inlet control valve 26, and the opening of the No. 1 high-pressure heater steam inlet control valve 3, the No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet control valve 11 and the No. 3 high-pressure heater steam inlet control valve 26 are regulated according to a valve opening control curve of the No. 1 high-pressure heater steam inlet control valve 3, the No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet control valve 11 and the No. 3 high-pressure heater steam inlet control valve 26. After the data acquisition and control device sends out the opening instruction x of the regulating valve, the regulating process is as follows:
the steam inlet regulating valve 3 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater controls a curve y according to the opening degree of the valve 1 ＝f 1 (x) Action, in which y 1 For indicating a door command, x is the opening of a steam inlet regulating valve 3 of a No. 1 high-pressure heater;
the steam inlet regulating valve 11 of the No. 2 high-pressure heater controls the curve y according to the opening degree of the valve 2 ＝f 2 (x) Action, in which y 2 For indicating a door command, x is the opening of a steam inlet regulating valve 3 of a No. 1 high-pressure heater;
the steam inlet regulating valve 26 of the No. 3 high-pressure heater controls the curve y according to the opening degree of the valve 3 ＝f 3 (x) Action, in which y 3 For indicating a door command, x is the opening of a steam inlet regulating valve 3 of a No. 1 high-pressure heater;
as the initial value x=100, x is continuously reduced (e.g. 100, 95, 90, 87, 85, 84, 83, 82 are sequentially taken, etc.), each Δx setting value is set, after the setting is stable for not less than 15 minutes, the data acquisition and control device acquires the measurement data of the main steam temperature measurement device 44 to judge whether the main steam temperature of the Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler 50 reaches the design value 566 ℃.
When the temperature of the main steam of the Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler 50 reaches a design value 566 ℃, the data acquisition and control device respectively controls the No. 1 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 3, the No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 11 and the No. 3 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 26 to stop regulating; the corresponding tracking adjustment is performed when the main steam temperature of the Pi-type opposite-flow once-through boiler 50 changes.
The method for acquiring the valve opening control curves of the No. 1 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 3, the No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 11 and the No. 3 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve 26 comprises the following steps:
The turbo generator set is in the working condition of 85% rated power 510MW:
the steam inlet regulating valve 3 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater controls a curve y according to the opening degree of the valve 1 X action, where x is the regulator valve command, x ε [80, 100]，y 1 The opening of a steam inlet regulating valve 3 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater is provided;
the steam inlet regulating valve 3 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater receives the instruction x and controls the curve y according to the opening degree of the valve 1 After the operation of x, the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve 3 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater is in y 1 After being stabilized for not less than 15 minutes, the inlet flow Q1 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater can be calculated by the formula (1) to obtain:
Q 1 ＝Q water supply (H 1 out -H 1 go into )/(H 1 steam -H 1 dredge )；①
H 1 out Enthalpy of feed water to the outlet of the high pressure heater No. 1 5; h 1 go into Enthalpy of inlet feedwater for high pressure heater No. 1 5; h 1 steam The enthalpy of steam inlet of the No. 1 high-pressure heater 5; h 1 dredge The water-repellent enthalpy of the high-pressure heater 5 No. 1; the units are kJ/kg;
in the formula (1):
Q water supply To flow through the primary feed water mass flow of the No. 1 high pressure heater 5, the No. 2 high pressure heater 15 and the No. 3 high pressure heater 28, finally enter the Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler 50, the primary feed water mass flow Q Water supply The main water supply volume flow Q can be obtained by the water supply flow tester 53 and the water supply flow measuring throttle device 54 V water supply The temperature value T of the main water supply can be obtained by testing the water supply temperature measuring device 55 and the water supply pressure measuring device 56 respectively Water supply And a pressure value P Water supply Volume flow, temperature and pressure units are m respectively 3 Main water supply mass flow Q Water supply In kg/h, the main feedwater density is calculated by the following equation (5) as follows:
ρ water supply ＝f sρ (P Water supply ,T Water supply )；
And (3) the following steps:
P＝P water supply ,T＝T Water supply ；
Then:
ρ water supply ＝f sρ (P Water supply ,T Water supply )＝f sρ (P,T)；
Then the following is obtained:
Q water supply ＝Q V water supply ρ Water supply 。
H 1 out The temperature value T of the main water supply can be obtained by testing the water supply temperature measuring device 55 and the water supply pressure measuring device 56 respectively Water supply And a pressure value P Water supply Calculated by equation (4):
H 1 out ＝f sh (P Water supply ,T Water supply )；
And (3) the following steps:
P＝P water supply ,T＝T Water supply ；
Then:
H 1 out ＝f sh (P Water supply ,T Water supply )＝f sh (P,T)。
H 1 go into The temperature values T obtained by the respective tests of the water inlet temperature measuring device 57 and the water inlet pressure measuring device 56 of the 1-high-pressure heater 1 go into Sum pressure value P Water supply Calculated by equation (4): h 1 go into ＝f sh (P Water supply ,T 1 go into )；
And (3) the following steps:
P＝P water supply ,T＝T 1 go into ；
Then:
H 1 go into ＝f sh (P Water supply ,T 1 go into )＝f sh (P,T)。
H 1 steam The temperature value T obtained by the respective tests of the first-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device 1 and the first-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device 2 1 steam Sum pressure value P 1 steam Calculated by the following formula (6):
H 1 steam ＝f qh (P 1 steam ,T 1 steam )；
And (3) the following steps:
P＝P 1 steam ,T＝T 1 steam ；
Then:
H 1 steam ＝f qh (P 1 steam ,T 1 steam )＝f qh (P,T)；
H 1 dredge The temperature value T obtained by the respective test of the water drain temperature measuring device 6 and the one-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device 2 of the No. 1 high-pressure heater 1 dredge Sum pressure value P 1 steam Calculated by the following formula (4):
H 1 dredge ＝f sh (P 1 steam ,T 1 dredge )；
And (3) the following steps:
P＝P 1 steam ,T＝T 1 dredge ；
Then:
H 1 dredge ＝f sh (P 1 steam ,T 1 dredge )＝f sh (P,T)。
The method for determining the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve 11 of the No. 2 high-pressure heater after receiving the instruction x comprises the following steps: the opening degree of the steam inlet regulating valve 11 of the No. 2 high-pressure heater is regulated to be at different positions, each position is stabilized for 15 minutes, and the steam inlet flow Q of the No. 2 high-pressure heater is calculated according to the formula (2) 2 When the steam inlet regulating valve of the No. 2 high-pressure heater is positioned at y 2 Is positioned at the position of the No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet flow Q 2 ＝λ 12 Q 1 Y at this time 2 The opening instruction of the steam inlet regulating valve of the No. 2 high-pressure heater corresponding to the instruction x is obtained.
Q 2 ＝Q Water supply (H 2 go out -H 2 go into )/(H 2 steam -H 2 dredge )；②
H 2 go out Enthalpy of feed water to the outlet of the No. 2 high pressure heater 15; h 2 go into Enthalpy of inlet feedwater for high pressure heater No. 2 15; h 2 steam The enthalpy of steam inlet of the No. 2 high-pressure heater 15; h 2 dredge A hydrophobic enthalpy for the No. 2 high pressure heater 15; the units are kJ/kg;
in the formula (2): h 2 go out ＝H 1 go into ；
H 2 go into The temperature value T obtained by the respective test of the water inlet temperature measuring device 58 and the water inlet pressure measuring device 56 of the 2-high-pressure heater 2 go into Sum pressure value P Water supply Calculated by equation (4):
H 2 go into ＝f sh (P Water supply ,T 2 go into )；
And (3) the following steps:
P＝P water supply ,T＝T 2 go into ；
Then:
H 2 go into ＝f sh (P Water supply ,T 2 go into )＝f sh (P,T)；
H 2 steam The temperature value T obtained by the respective test of the two-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device 9 and the two-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device 10 2 steam Sum pressure value P 2 steam H is calculated by the formula (6) 2 steam ＝f qh (P 2 steam ,T 2 steam )；
And (3) the following steps:
P＝P 2 steam ,T＝T 2 steam ；
Then:
H 2 steam ＝f qh (P 2 steam ,T 2 steam )＝f qh (P,T)；
H 2 dredge The temperature value T obtained by the respective test of the water drain temperature measuring device 16 and the two-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device 10 of the No. 2 high-pressure heater 2 dredge Sum pressure value P 2 steam H is calculated by the formula (4) 2 dredge ＝f sh (P 2 steam ,T 2 dredge )；
And (3) the following steps:
P＝P 2 steam ,T＝T 2 dredge ；
Then:
H 2 dredge ＝f sh (P 2 steam ,T 2 dredge )＝f sh (P,T)。
The method for determining the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve 26 of the No. 3 high-pressure heater after receiving the instruction x comprises the following steps: the opening degree of the steam inlet regulating valve 26 of the No. 3 high-pressure heater is regulated to be at different positions, each position is stabilized for 15 minutes, and the steam inlet flow Q of the No. 3 high-pressure heater is calculated according to the method of 6 3 When the steam inlet regulating valve of the No. 3 high-pressure heater is positioned at y 3 Is positioned at the position of the No. 3 high-pressure heater steam inlet flow Q 3 ＝λ 13 Q 1 Y at this time 3 The opening instruction of the steam inlet regulating valve of the No. 3 high-pressure heater corresponding to the instruction x is obtained.
Q 3 ＝Q Water supply (H 3 go out -H 3 go into )/(H 3 steam -H 3 dredge )；③
H 3 go out Enthalpy of the outlet feedwater for the high pressure heater 28 No. 3; h 3 go into Enthalpy of inlet feedwater for high pressure heater No. 3 28; h 3 steam Vapor enthalpy for high pressure heater No. 3 28; h 3 dredge A hydrophobic enthalpy for the No. 3 high pressure heater 28; the units are kJ/kg;
in the formula (3): h 3 go out ＝H 2 go into ；
H 3 go into Through 3The high-pressure heater water inlet temperature measuring device 59 and the water inlet pressure measuring device 56 respectively test the obtained temperature values T 3 go into Sum pressure value P Water supply H is calculated by the formula (4) 3 go into ＝f sh (P Water supply ,T 3 go into ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And (3) the following steps:
P＝P water supply ,T＝T 3 go into ；
Then:
H 3 go into ＝f sh (P Water supply ,T 3 go into )＝f sh (P,T)；
H 3 steam The temperature values T obtained by the respective tests of the three-section extraction temperature measuring device 24 and the three-section extraction pressure measuring device 25 3 steam Sum pressure value P 3 steam H is calculated by the formula (6) 3 steam ＝f qh (P 3 steam ,T 3 steam )；
And (3) the following steps:
P＝P 3 steam ,T＝T 3 steam ；
Then:
H 3 steam ＝f qh (P 3 steam ,T 3 steam )＝f qh (P,T)；
H 3 dredge The temperature value T obtained by the respective test of the water drain temperature measuring device 29 of the No. 3 high-pressure heater and the three-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device 25 3 dredge Sum pressure value P 3 steam H is calculated by the formula (4) 3 dredge ＝f sh (P 3 steam ,T 3 dredge )；
And (3) the following steps:
P＝P 3 steam ,T＝T 3 dredge ；
Then:
H 3 dredge ＝f sh (P 3 steam ,T 3 dredge )＝f sh (P,T)。
The formulas (4) and (5) are respectively as follows:
f sρ (P,T)＝1/f sv (P,T)；⑤
wherein:wherein A (I), B (I) and C (I) are one-dimensional arrays and are coefficients of a calculation formula; f (f) sh (P,T)、f sρ (P,T)、f sv (P, T) are functions of calculating enthalpy, density and specific volume of liquid water, respectively. />
Wherein:
T K ＝T+273.15，
T 1 ＝T K /T 0 ，
P 1 ＝P/P 0 ，
T 0 ＝1386，
P 0 ＝16.53，
A(1)＝0，B(1)＝-2，C(1)＝0.14632971213167；
A(2)＝0，B(2)＝-1，C(2)＝-0.84548187169114；
A(3)＝0，B(3)＝0，C(3)＝-3.756360367204；
A(4)＝0，B(4)＝1，C(4)＝3.3855169168385；
A(5)＝0，B(5)＝2，C(5)＝-0.95791963387872；
A(6)＝0，B(6)＝3，C(6)＝0.15772038513228；
A(7)＝0，B(7)＝4，C(7)＝-0.016616417199501；
A(8)＝0，B(8)＝5，C(8)＝8.1214629983568E-04；
A(9)＝1，B(9)＝-9，C(9)＝2.8319080123804E-04；
A(10)＝1，B(10)＝-7，C(10)＝-6.0706301565874E-04；
A(11)＝1，B(11)＝-1，C(11)＝-0.018990068218419；
A(12)＝1，B(12)＝0，C(12)＝-0.032529748770505；
A(13)＝1，B(13)＝1，C(13)＝-0.021841717175414；
A(14)＝1，B(14)＝3，C(14)＝-5.283835796993E-05；
A(15)＝2，B(15)＝-3，C(15)＝-4.7184321073267E-04；
A(16)＝2，B(16)＝0，C(16)＝-3.0001780793026E-04；
A(17)＝2，B(17)＝1，C(17)＝4.766139390687E-05；
A(18)＝2，B(18)＝3，C(18)＝-4.4141845330846E-06；
A(19)＝2，B(19)＝17，C(19)＝-7.2694996297594E-16；
A(20)＝3，B(20)＝-4，C(20)＝-3.1679644845054E-05；
A(21)＝3，B(21)＝0，C(21)＝-2.8270797985312E-06；
A(22)＝3，B(22)＝6，C(22)＝-8.5205128120103E-10；
A(23)＝4，B(23)＝-5，C(23)＝-2.2425281908E-06；
A(24)＝4，B(24)＝-2，C(24)＝-6.5171222895601E-07；
A(25)＝4，B(25)＝10，C(25)＝-1.4341729937924E-13；
A(26)＝5，B(26)＝-8，C(26)＝-4.0516996860117E-07；
A(27)＝8，B(27)＝-11，C(27)＝-1.2734301741641E-09；
A(28)＝8，B(28)＝-6，C(28)＝-1.7424871230634E-10；
A(29)＝21，B(29)＝-29，C(29)＝-6.8762131295531E-19；
A(30)＝23，B(30)＝-31，C(30)＝1.4478307828521E-20；
A(31)＝29，B(31)＝-38，C(31)＝2.6335781662795E-23；
A(32)＝30，B(32)＝-39，C(32)＝-1.1947622640071E-23；
A(33)＝31，B(33)＝-40，C(33)＝1.8228094581404E-24；
A(34)＝32，B(34)＝-41，C(34)＝-9.3537087292458E-26。
formula (6) is as follows:
wherein:
wherein f qh (P, T) is a function of calculated superheated steam enthalpy, f h1 (P,T)、f h2 (P, T) are calculated as f qh Two polynomials of (P, T); f1 And (I), E1 (I), F2 (I) and E2 (I) are one-dimensional arrays and are coefficients of a calculation formula. Wherein:
T K ＝T+273.15，
T 1 ＝T K /T 0 ，
P 1 ＝P/P 0 ，
T 0 ＝540，
P 0 ＝1；
E1(1)＝0，F1(1)＝-9.6927686500217；
E1(2)＝1，F1(2)＝10.086655968018；
E1(3)＝-5，F1(3)＝-0.005608791128302；
E1(4)＝-4，F1(4)＝0.071452738081455；
E1(5)＝-3，F1(5)＝-0.40710498223928；
E1(6)＝-2，F1(6)＝1.4240819171444；
E1(7)＝-1，F1(7)＝-4.383951131945；
E1(8)＝2，F1(8)＝-0.28408632460772；
E1(9)＝3，F1(9)＝0.021268463753307；
E2(1)＝0，F2(1)＝-1.7731742473213E-03；
E2(2)＝1，F2(2)＝-0.017834862292358；
E2(3)＝2，F2(3)＝-0.045996013696365；
E2(4)＝3，F2(4)＝-0.057581259083432；
E2(5)＝6，F2(5)＝-0.05032527872793；
E2(6)＝1，F2(6)＝-3.3032641670203E-05；
E2(7)＝2，F2(7)＝-1.8948987516315E-04；
E2(8)＝4，F2(8)＝-3.9392777243355E-03；
E2(9)＝7，F2(9)＝-0.043797295650573；
E2(10)＝36，F2(10)＝-2.6674547914087E-05；
E2(11)＝0，F2(11)＝2.0481737692309E-08；
E2(12)＝1，F2(12)＝4.3870667284435E-07；
E2(13)＝3，F2(13)＝-3.227767723857E-05；
E2(14)＝6，F2(14)＝-1.5033924542148E-03；
E2(15)＝35，F2(15)＝-0.040668253562649；
E2(16)＝1，F2(16)＝-7.8847309559367E-10；
E2(17)＝2，F2(17)＝1.2790717852285E-08；
E2(18)＝3，F2(18)＝4.8225372718507E-07；
E2(19)＝7，F2(19)＝2.2922076337661E-06；
E2(20)＝3，F2(20)＝-1.6714766451061E-11；
E2(21)＝16，F2(21)＝-2.1171472321355E-03；
E2(22)＝35，F2(22)＝-23.895741934104；
E2(23)＝0，F2(23)＝-5.905956432427E-18；
E2(24)＝11，F2(24)＝-1.2621808899101E-06；
E2(25)＝25，F2(25)＝-0.038946842435739；
E2(26)＝8，F2(26)＝1.1256211360459E-11；
E2(27)＝36，F2(27)＝-8.2311340897998；
E2(28)＝13，F2(28)＝1.9809712802088E-08；
E2(29)＝4，F2(29)＝1.0406965210174E-19；
E2(30)＝10，F2(30)＝-1.0234747095929E-13；
E2(31)＝14，F2(31)＝-1.0018179379511E-09；
E2(32)＝29，F2(32)＝-8.0882908646985E-11；
E2(33)＝50，F2(33)＝0.10693031879409；
E2(34)＝57，F2(34)＝-0.33662250574171；
E2(35)＝20，F2(35)＝8.9185845355421E-25；
E2(36)＝35，F2(36)＝3.0629316876232E-13；
E2(37)＝48，F2(37)＝-4.2002467698208E-06；
E2(38)＝21，F2(38)＝-5.9056029685639E-26；
E2(39)＝53，F2(39)＝3.7826947613457E-06；
E2(40)＝39，F2(40)＝-1.276808934681E-15；
E2(41)＝26，F2(41)＝7.3087610595061E-29；
E2(42)＝40，F2(42)＝5.5414715350778E-17；
E2(43)＝58，F2(43)＝-9.436970724121E-07。
the control valve command x takes a system data in the range, and the y corresponding to each x can be obtained by the method 1 、y 2 、y 3 Thereby obtaining:
control curve y of steam inlet regulating valve (3) of No. 1 high-pressure heater 1 ＝f 1 (x)＝x；
Control curve y of steam inlet regulating valve (11) of No. 2 high-pressure heater 2 ＝f 2 (x)；
Control curve y of steam inlet regulating valve (26) of No. 3 high-pressure heater 3 ＝f 3 (x)；
The discrete data form of the control curve is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 control curves
x y 1 ＝f 1 (x) y 2 ＝f 2 (x) y 3 ＝f 3 (x)
100 100.0 100 100
95 95.0 94.5 96.5
90 90.0 89.5 91.5
87 87.0 88.5 87.5
85 85.0 84.5 86.4
84 84.0 83.4 85.4
83 83.0 82.4 84.3
82 82.0 81.4 83.3
81 81.0 80.4 82.3
80 80 79.4 81.3
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the elements of the examples have been described generally in terms of functionality in the foregoing description to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the division of the units is merely a logic function division, and there may be other division manners in actual implementation, for example, multiple units may be combined into one unit, one unit may be split into multiple units, or some features may be omitted.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the application, and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and description.

Claims (3)

1. A system for regulating the main steam temperature of a Pi-type opposite-flow direct-current boiler, which is characterized in that: comprises a Pi-type opposite-impact direct-current boiler (50), a high-pressure cylinder (43), a medium-pressure cylinder (40) and a No. 1 high-pressure heater (5);
the Pi-shaped opposite-impact direct-current boiler (50) is connected with the high-pressure cylinder (43) through a main steam pipe (46); the main steam pipe (46) is provided with a main steam temperature measuring device (44), a main steam pressure measuring device (45) and a main steam regulating valve (42);
The high-pressure cylinder (43) is connected with a No. 1 high-pressure heater (5) through a section of steam extraction pipe (4); a steam inlet regulating valve (3) of a No. 1 high-pressure heater is arranged on the first section of steam extraction pipe (4);
the No. 1 high-pressure heater (5) is connected with the Pi-type opposite-impact direct-current boiler (50) through a water supply main pipe (52);
the system also comprises a data acquisition and control device; the main steam temperature measuring device (44), the main steam pressure measuring device (45), the main steam regulating valve (42) and the No. 1 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve (3) are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device;
the main steam temperature measuring device (44) and the main steam pressure measuring device (45) are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of main steam in the main steam pipe (46) and transmitting acquired data to the data acquisition and control device;
the data acquisition and control device is used for adjusting the opening of a steam inlet adjusting valve (3) of the No. 1 high-pressure heater according to the measurement data of a main steam temperature measuring device (44) and a main steam pressure measuring device (45), adjusting the steam quantity of the high-pressure cylinder (43) entering the No. 1 high-pressure heater (5) and further adjusting the temperature of the No. 1 high-pressure heater (5) for heating water supply, so that the temperature of main steam in a main steam pipe (46) reaches a preset value;
a section of steam extraction check valve (20), a section of steam extraction stop valve (21), a section of steam extraction temperature measuring device (1), a section of steam extraction pressure measuring device (2) and a No. 1 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve (3) are sequentially arranged on the section of steam extraction pipe (4) from the high-pressure cylinder (43) to the No. 1 high-pressure heater (5); the first-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device (1) and the first-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device (2) are connected with the data acquisition and control device;
A feed water flow tester (53), a feed water flow measuring throttling device (54), a feed water temperature measuring device (55) and a feed water pressure measuring device (56) are arranged on the feed water mother pipe (52); the water supply flow tester (53), the water supply flow test throttling device (54), the water supply temperature measuring device (55) and the water supply pressure measuring device (56) are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device and are respectively used for measuring flow, temperature and pressure data of water supply, and the acquired data are transmitted to the data acquisition and control device so that the data acquisition and control device can control and regulate the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve (3) of the No. 1 high-pressure heater according to the measured flow, temperature and pressure data of the water supply;
the device also comprises a No. 2 high-pressure heater (15); the high-pressure cylinder (43) is connected with the Pi-type opposite-impact direct-current boiler (50) through a high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipe (51); the high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipe (51) is connected with a No. 2 high-pressure heater (15) through a two-section steam exhaust pipe (12); a steam inlet regulating valve (11) of a No. 2 high-pressure heater is arranged on the two-section steam extraction pipe (12); the No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve (11) is connected with the data acquisition and control device; the data acquisition and control device is used for adjusting the opening of a steam inlet regulating valve (11) of a No. 2 high-pressure heater according to the measurement data of a main steam temperature measuring device (44) and a main steam pressure measuring device (45) so that the temperature of main steam in a main steam pipe (46) reaches a preset value;
The two-stage steam extraction pipe (12) is sequentially provided with a two-stage steam extraction check valve (7), a two-stage steam extraction stop valve (8), a two-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device (9), a two-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device (10) and a No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve (11) from a high-pressure cylinder steam exhaust pipe (51) to a No. 2 high-pressure heater (15), the two-stage steam extraction temperature measuring device (9) and the two-stage steam extraction pressure measuring device (10) are respectively connected with a data acquisition and control device and are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of steam in the two-stage steam extraction pipe (12) and transmitting measured data to the data acquisition and control device so that the data acquisition and control device can regulate the opening of the No. 2 high-pressure heater steam inlet regulating valve (11);
the device also comprises a No. 3 high-pressure heater (28) and a medium-pressure cylinder (40); the Pi-shaped opposite-impact once-through boiler (50) is connected with the medium pressure cylinder (40) through a reheating main steam pipe (49); the reheating main steam pipe (49) is provided with a reheating main steam temperature measuring device (47), a reheating main steam pressure measuring device (48) and a medium-pressure regulating valve (41) which are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device; the reheating main steam temperature measuring device (47) and the reheating main steam pressure measuring device (48) are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of steam in the reheating main steam pipe (49) and transmitting measured data to the data acquisition and control device;
The medium pressure cylinder (40) is connected with a No. 3 high pressure heater (28) through a three-section steam extraction pipe (27); a steam inlet regulating valve (26) of a No. 3 high-pressure heater is arranged on the three-section steam extraction pipe (27), and the steam inlet regulating valve (26) of the No. 3 high-pressure heater is connected with a data acquisition and control device; the data acquisition and control device is used for adjusting the opening of a steam inlet regulating valve (26) of a No. 3 high-pressure heater according to the measurement data of a main steam temperature measuring device (44) and a main steam pressure measuring device (45) so that the temperature of main steam in a main steam pipe (46) reaches a preset value;
the three-section steam extraction pipe (27) is sequentially provided with a three-section steam extraction check valve (22), a three-section steam extraction stop valve (23), a three-section steam extraction temperature measuring device (24), a three-section steam extraction pressure measuring device (25) and a steam inlet regulating valve (26) of the No. 3 high-pressure heater from the middle pressure cylinder (40) to the No. 3 high-pressure heater (28); the three-section steam extraction temperature measuring device (24) and the three-section steam extraction pressure measuring device (25) are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device and are respectively used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of steam in the three-section steam extraction pipe (27), so that the data acquisition and control device can control and adjust the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve (26) of the No. 3 high-pressure heater according to the measured temperature and pressure of the steam in the three-section steam extraction pipe (27);
The device also comprises a condenser (36), a generator (37) and a low-pressure cylinder (38), wherein the medium-pressure cylinder (40) is connected with the low-pressure cylinder (38) through a medium-low-pressure cylinder communication pipe (39); the low-pressure cylinder (38) is respectively connected with the generator (37) and the condenser (36);
according to the flow rate Q of the first-stage extraction O1 Flow rate Q of two-stage steam extraction O2 Three-section steam extraction flow Q O3 Calculating to obtain the first section of extraction flow Q of the turbine generator set under the working condition of maximum continuous economic output O1 Flow rate Q of two-stage steam extraction O2 Three-section steam extraction flow Q O3 The ratio of (2) is as follows:
Q O1 :Q O2 :Q O3 ＝1:λ 12 :λ 13 ；
λ 12 the ratio of the steam extraction quantity of the second section of steam extraction pipe 4 to the steam extraction quantity of the first section of steam extraction pipe 12 is the steam extraction quantity of the steam turbine generator set under the working condition of maximum continuous economic output;
λ 13 the ratio of the steam extraction quantity of the three-section steam extraction pipe 12 to the steam extraction quantity of the one-section steam extraction pipe 27 under the working condition of maximum continuous economic output of the steam turbine generator set;
when the heating steam flow of the high-pressure heaters is adjusted, the heating steam flow of each high-pressure heater is cooperatively considered, so that the heating steam flow ratio of each high-pressure heater is consistent with the heating steam flow ratio of the high-pressure heater under the design working condition of the maximum continuous economic output working condition of the steam turbine.
2. The system for adjusting the main steam temperature of a Pi-type opposite-flow once-through boiler according to claim 1, wherein: further comprising a deaerator (30); the deaerator (30) is connected with a No. 3 high-pressure heater (28) through a water supply pump water outlet pipe (33); the No. 3 high-pressure heater (28) is connected with the No. 2 high-pressure heater (15) through a 2-3 high-pressure heater connecting pipe (17); the No. 2 high-pressure heater (15) is connected with the No. 1 high-pressure heater (5) through a 1-2 high-pressure heater connecting pipe (13); a water supply pump (31) and a water supply pump water outlet check valve (32) are sequentially arranged on the water supply pump water outlet pipe (33) from the deaerator (30) to the No. 3 high-pressure heater (28); the deaerator (30) supplements working media through a condensation water main pipe (34); the deaerator (30) supplements water for the No. 3 high-pressure heater (28), the No. 2 high-pressure heater (15) and the No. 3 high-pressure heater (28) through a water feeding pump (31);
The water inlet temperature measuring device (59) of the 3 high-pressure heater is arranged on the water outlet pipe (33) of the water feed pump and is used for measuring the water inlet temperature of the 3 high-pressure heater (28); the 2-3 high-pressure heater connecting pipe (17) is provided with a 2 high-pressure heater water inlet temperature measuring device (58) for measuring the water inlet temperature of the No. 2 high-pressure heater (15); the 1-2 high-pressure heater connecting pipe (13) is provided with a 1 high-pressure heater water inlet temperature measuring device (57) for measuring the water inlet temperature of the No. 1 high-pressure heater (5);
the water inlet temperature measuring device (57) of the 1 high-pressure heater, the water inlet temperature measuring device (58) of the 2 high-pressure heater and the water inlet temperature measuring device (59) of the 3 high-pressure heater are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device.
3. The system for adjusting the main steam temperature of a Pi-type opposite-flow once-through boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the No. 1 high-pressure heater (5) is connected with the No. 2 high-pressure heater (15) through a No. 1 high-pressure heater drain pipe (14); the No. 2 high-pressure heater (15) is connected with the No. 3 high-pressure heater (28) through a No. 2 high-pressure heater drain pipe (18); the No. 3 high-pressure heater (28) is connected with the deaerator (30) through a No. 3 high-pressure heater drain pipe (35);
Steam of the first section steam extraction pipe (4) enters the No. 1 high-pressure heater (5) to be cooled and condensed, then flows into the No. 2 high-pressure heater (15) through the No. 1 high-pressure heater drain pipe (14), steam of the second section steam extraction pipe (12) enters the No. 2 high-pressure heater (15) to be cooled and condensed, then flows into the No. 3 high-pressure heater (28) through the No. 2 high-pressure heater drain pipe (18), and steam in the three section steam extraction pipe (27) enters the No. 3 high-pressure heater (28) to be cooled and condensed, and then flows into the deaerator (30) through the No. 3 high-pressure heater drain pipe (35);
a drain temperature measuring device (6) of the No. 1 high-pressure heater is arranged on the drain pipe (14) of the No. 1 high-pressure heater; a water drain temperature measuring device (16) of the No. 2 high-pressure heater is arranged on the water drain pipe (18) of the No. 2 high-pressure heater; a drain temperature measuring device (29) of the No. 3 high-pressure heater is arranged on the drain pipe (35) of the No. 3 high-pressure heater; the water-repellent temperature measuring device (6) of the No. 1 high-pressure heater, the water-repellent temperature measuring device (16) of the No. 2 high-pressure heater and the water-repellent temperature measuring device (29) of the No. 3 high-pressure heater are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control device.
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JPH06200709A (en) * 1992-12-28 1994-07-19 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind Combined cycle power generating plant
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CN113623634A (en) * 2021-09-06 2021-11-09 江苏慧峰仁和环保科技有限公司 System for greatly improving low-load feed water temperature of power station boiler

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06200709A (en) * 1992-12-28 1994-07-19 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind Combined cycle power generating plant
CN104533554A (en) * 2014-11-03 2015-04-22 章礼道 Novel high-efficiency regenerative feedwater heating system for single-reheating unit
CN106051737A (en) * 2016-07-30 2016-10-26 冯伟忠 Adjustable regenerative feedwater heating system and control method
CN106224935A (en) * 2016-09-07 2016-12-14 上海量朝能源科技有限公司 Improve the devices and methods therefor of boiler feed temperature
CN113623634A (en) * 2021-09-06 2021-11-09 江苏慧峰仁和环保科技有限公司 System for greatly improving low-load feed water temperature of power station boiler

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