CN114408117B - Design and characteristic analysis system for main power system of wind wing navigation-aiding ship and use method - Google Patents
Design and characteristic analysis system for main power system of wind wing navigation-aiding ship and use method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design and characteristic analysis system of a main power system of a wind wing navigation-aiding ship and a use method thereof, comprising the following steps: the system comprises a data acquisition and processing module, a navigation environment dynamic analysis module, a ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module, a hybrid power system matching module, a wind wing boosting effect analysis module, a propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module, a ship host dynamic characteristic analysis module and a comprehensive dynamic display module. The invention provides scientific support for optimizing and matching design, dynamic characteristic analysis, energy efficiency level and energy saving and emission reduction capacity analysis of the power system of the wind wing navigation-aiding ship; the invention can design a power system with low cost and high energy efficiency. The invention analyzes the dynamic characteristics of the main power system of the wind-wing navigation-aiding ship and displays the characteristic curve, so that the dynamic characteristics of the main power system of the wind-wing navigation-aiding ship can be intuitively observed, and the operation state of the main power system of the wind-wing navigation-aiding ship can be seen more clearly by a ship manager.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of design of main power systems of wind-wing navigation-aiding ships, in particular to a design and characteristic analysis system of a main power system of a wind-wing navigation-aiding ship and a use method.
Background
Shipping is one of the most economic means of transportation accepted worldwide, playing an important role in the development of world economies. At present, most of researches on wind wing navigation-assisted ship power systems are focused on energy efficiency level researches. The prior wind-wing navigation-aiding ship power system is not designed to consider the matching optimization of a main engine of a hybrid power system, wind wings and propellers and the cost performance of the main engine of the system, so that the wind-wing navigation-aiding ship power system is high in cost, but does not correspondingly embody higher energy efficiency. Meanwhile, under different navigation environment conditions, real-time analysis of the running state of the main power system of the wind-fin navigation-aiding ship is lacking, so that the running state of the main power system of the wind-fin navigation-aiding ship is difficult to be clearly seen by a ship manager.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a design and characteristic analysis system of a main power system of a wind wing navigation assisting ship and a use method thereof, so as to overcome the problems.
The invention comprises the following steps: the system comprises a data acquisition and processing module, a navigation environment dynamic analysis module, a ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module, a hybrid power system matching module, a wind wing boosting effect analysis module, a propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module, a ship host dynamic characteristic analysis module and a comprehensive dynamic display module;
The data acquisition and processing module is used for acquiring ship length, ship width, ship draft, load ton, design navigational speed and ship navigational speed data; acquiring longitude and latitude ranges of a target sea area according to the selected route to obtain navigation environment data;
the navigation environment dynamic analysis module is used for drawing a navigation environment dynamic change map of the navigation area according to the navigation environment data;
the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module is used for calculating ship hydrostatic resistance, wave drag increase, wind resistance and total ship resistance under different sailing environment conditions according to the sailing environment data;
the ship hybrid power system matching module is used for optimally matching and designing wind wing parameters and propeller parameters and the model of a main machine of the hybrid power system;
the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module is used for obtaining a wind wing action relation curve and an optimal attack angle according to wind wing parameters, navigation environment data and navigation speed data, and calculating average maximum wind wing boosting force and wind wing auxiliary boosting power;
the ship propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module is used for calculating propeller rotating speed, torque and power under different navigation environment conditions;
the ship host dynamic characteristic analysis module is used for calculating host rotation speed, torque, power and host fuel consumption rate under different navigation environment conditions;
The comprehensive dynamic display module is used for displaying navigation environment data of different time and navigation areas, total resistance and each sub resistance of the ship under different navigation environment conditions, wind wing parameters, propeller parameters, host machine model, propeller rotating speed, torque and power under different navigation environment conditions, host machine rotating speed, torque and power under different navigation environment conditions and host machine fuel consumption rate;
the operation strategy of the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module is as follows:
step 11, calculating the total resistance of the still water of the ship by adopting a Holtrop-Mennen method according to the ship target route navigation environment data, the navigation speed data and the ship parameters; the navigational speed data are set according to experience; the calculation formula of the total resistance of the still water is as follows:
R T ＝R F (1+k 1 )+R APP +R W +R B +R TR +R A (1)
wherein R is T R is total resistance of still water F Is friction resistance, R APP Is the appendage resistance, R W For wave-making resistance and wave-breaking resistance R B The ball nose head is added with resistance, R TR Adding resistance for tail soaking, R A For modeling the relevant resistance, k of the real ship 1 Is a ship-type viscous drag factor;
step 12, calculating the wave drag increase of the ship according to the navigation environment data, the ship parameters and the navigation speed data; the wave resistance increase calculation formula is:
wherein F is r Is Froude number; h is wave height; l (L) w1 Is the waterline length; ρ is the density of water; s is the wet area; v (V) S The speed of the ship to water is kept;
step 13, calculating wind resistance of the ship according to the navigation environment data and combining the ship parameters and the navigation speed data; the calculation formula of the ship wind resistance is as follows:
wherein R is wind Is wind resistance; c (C) wind Is the wind resistance coefficient; ρ air Is air density; a is that T Is the windward area; v (V) wind Is the relative wind speed;
step 14, calculating the total resistance of the ship according to the navigation environment data and the ship parameters; the calculation formula of the total resistance of the ship is as follows:
R＝R T +R wave +R wind (4)
wherein R is total resistance of the ship; r is R T Is the resistance to still water; r is R wave The resistance is increased by waves; r is R wind Is wind resistance;
the ship hybrid power system matching module realizes the optimal matching design of a host machine, wind wings and a propeller of the hybrid power system, and comprises the following steps:
step 21, analyzing characteristic information of the route wind power resources, namely boosting capacity of route wind power, according to the navigation environment data, and calculating the area of the wind wings; the calculation formula of the wind wing area is as follows:
wherein S is w Is the area of the wind wing; t (T) w The wind wing boosting force is required for design; r is total resistance of the ship; η (eta) w The boosting efficiency of the wind wing; p is p av Average boost pressure of wind wings; n is the number of installed wind wings;
step 22, calculating the power of the design point of the propeller of each ship under each design navigational speed according to the naval coefficient method; the calculation formula of the design point power is as follows:
Wherein delta is the target ship design displacement; v is the target ship design navigational speed; delta 1 Designing the drainage quantity for the mother ship; v (V) 1 Designing a navigational speed for a mother ship; p (P) D1 Designing power for a mother ship;
step 23, calculating the maximum continuous power agreed by the host according to the sea state reserve coefficient, the engine reserve coefficient and the shafting transmission efficiency; the calculation formula of the maximum sustained power agreed by the host is as follows:
wherein P is E Assigning a maximum continuous power (CMCR) to a target ship's host; c (C) SM Reserve coefficients for sea conditions; c (C) EM Reserve coefficients for the engine; η (eta) S The shafting transmission efficiency is;
step 24, selecting an alternative host meeting the power requirement according to the maximum continuous power agreed by the host of the target ship;
step 25, judging whether the requirements of the design size of the tail of the ship are met or not according to the width and height parameters of the alternative host, and deleting the alternative host which does not meet the requirements;
step 26, calculating the diameter D of the propeller prop ：
Wherein P is M Maximum output power for the selected host; n is n M The rotating speed under the maximum power of the host is selected; d (D) prop Is the diameter of the propeller; c is the blade coefficient;
step 27, determining the maximum propeller diameter allowed by the ship structure according to the gaps among the propellers, the ship body and the accessories, and calculating the rotation speed of the selected host under the maximum power according to the ship ballast condition; the calculation formula of the rotating speed under the maximum power of the selected host is as follows:
Wherein P is M Maximum output power for the selected host; n is n M The rotating speed under the maximum power of the host is selected; d (D) prop Is the diameter of the propeller; c is the blade coefficient;
28, drawing an equal-speed curve, drawing a propeller operation characteristic curve according to propeller design parameters, drawing a model selection area diagram of each alternative host on one diagram to obtain an alternative host model selection diagram of a target ship, and determining a host and a power point; the calculation formula for drawing the equal-speed curve is as follows:
wherein P is 1 Designing propulsion power, n, required at maximum design speed within the range of speed for the target vessel 1 For the corresponding propeller rotational speed; p (P) 2 Designing propulsion power, n, required at minimum design speed for target vessel within range of speed 2 For the corresponding propeller rotational speed; alpha is an equal navigational speed coefficient;
step 29, calculating the total investment cost F of the whole operation period of the ship, and selecting a host with the minimum total investment cost as a selected host; the calculation formula of the total investment cost of the whole operation period is as follows:
F＝F 0 +F 1 +F 2 (11)
wherein F is the total investment cost, F 0 F is the initial investment cost of the main machine 1 Is the sum of the rest of the fuel consumption of the host machine, F 2 The sum of the rest of the lubricating oil consumption of the host;
the operation strategy of the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module comprises the following steps:
Step 31, calculating the thrust and resistance generated under the optimal attack angle of the ship wind wing based on the navigation environment data, wind wing parameters and navigation speed data:
F L ＝C L ·1/2ρ a V wind 2 ·S w (12)
F D ＝C D ·1/2ρ a V wind 2 。S w (13)
wherein F is L Wing thrust at optimum angle of attack; f (F) D Wind wing resistance under the optimal attack angle; ρ a Is air density; s is S w Is the side projection area of the wind wing; c (C) L 、C D Respectively a lift coefficient and a drag coefficient; v (V) wind Is the relative wind speed;
step 32, calculating the ship wind wing thrust aids and the corresponding transverse force when the ship wind wing generates the thrust aids according to the thrust and the resistance generated under the optimal attack angle of the wind wing:
F X ＝F L sinθ-F D cosθ (14)
F Y ＝F L cosθ-F D sinθ (15)
wherein F is X The auxiliary thrust generated by the wind wings of the ship; f (F) Y Corresponding transverse force when the auxiliary thrust is generated for the ship wind wing; f (F) L Wing thrust at optimum angle of attack; f (F) D Resistance of wind wings; θ is the relative wind direction angle;
calculating the thrust and resistance generated under the optimal attack angle of the wind wing based on the navigation environment data, wind wing parameters, navigation speed data and wind tunnel test data; calculating the maximum boosting force and corresponding transverse force generated by the wind wing under different relative wind direction angles: calculating the maximum boosting force of the corresponding wind wings when the relative wind direction angle is in the range of 0-180 degrees and increases every 10 degrees, and further calculating the average maximum boosting force of the wind wings and the auxiliary boosting power of the wind wings;
The operation strategy of the ship propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module comprises the following steps:
step 41, obtaining a thrust coefficient K of the propeller through a propeller open water characteristic curve according to the propeller design parameters T Torque coefficient K M ；
Step 42, analyzing the dynamic change relation of the thrust and the rotating speed of the ship propeller under different sailing environment conditions according to the dynamic change relation of the ship wind wing thrust, the ship total resistance and the sailing environment:
R＝T P +T sail ＝(1-t)K T ρn 2 D prop 4 +T sail (16)
wherein R is total resistance of the ship; t (T) P Is the propeller thrust; t (T) sail Average maximum boosting force of the wind wing; t is a thrust derating coefficient; k (K) T Is a thrust coefficient; ρ is the sea water density; n is the rotational speed of the propeller; d (D) prop Is the diameter of the propeller;
step 43, calculating a calculation formula of the dynamic change relation of the torque and the power of the propeller under the condition of non-navigation environment according to the dynamic change relation of the rotating speed of the propeller and an empirical formula, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
M P ＝K M ρn 2 D prop 5 (17)
P P ＝2πnM P (18)
wherein M is P Is the propeller torque; p (P) P Is the propeller power; k (K) M Is a torque coefficient; ρ is the sea water density; n is the rotational speed of the propeller; d (D) prop Is the diameter of the propeller;
the ship host dynamic characteristic analysis module adopts the following operation strategies:
step 51, calculating the rotation speed of the host machine:
n e ＝n (19)
wherein n is e The rotation speed of the host machine; n is the rotational speed of the propeller;
Step 52, calculating the power of the main engine shaft according to the main engine rotating speed:
P P ＝η H η O η R η S P e (20)
wherein P is e Is the power of the main machine shaft; p (P) P The effective power of the propeller; η (eta) S The transmission efficiency of the shaft system is; η (eta) R Is the relative rotation efficiency; η (eta) O The water efficiency is improved for the propeller; ηH is the hull efficiency;
step 53, calculating the dynamic change relation of the torque according to the rotation speed of the host machine and the power of the host machine shaft:
wherein M is e Is the torque of the host; p (P) e Is the power of the main machine shaft; n is n e The rotation speed of the host machine;
step 54, calculating the fuel consumption rate of the ship host under different navigation environment conditions:
wherein f g The fuel consumption rate of the host; g e Oil is supplied for each cycle; p (P) e Is the power of the main machine shaft; n is n e Is the host rotational speed.
The method of the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1, a data acquisition and processing module acquires ship length, ship width, ship draft, load carrying ton and ship navigational speed data; acquiring longitude and latitude ranges of a target sea area according to the selected route to obtain navigation environment data;
step 3, the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module calculates ship hydrostatic resistance, wave drag increase, wind resistance and ship total resistance under different sailing environment conditions according to the sailing environment data acquired by the data acquisition and processing module;
step 6, the ship propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module calculates the rotating speed, torque and power of the propeller under different sailing environment conditions according to the ship total resistance under different sailing environment conditions obtained by the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module, the propeller parameters obtained by the hybrid power system matching module and the average maximum boosting force of the wind wings obtained by the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module;
Step 7, the ship main engine dynamic characteristic analysis module calculates the main engine rotating speed, torque, power and main engine fuel consumption rate under different sailing environment conditions according to the ship total resistance, the main engine model and the average maximum boosting force of the wind wings, wherein the ship total resistance, the main engine model and the average maximum boosting force are obtained by the hybrid power system matching module and the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module under different sailing environment conditions are obtained by the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module;
step 8, a comprehensive dynamic display module displays navigation environment data of different times and navigation areas; displaying the total resistance and the hydrostatic resistance of the ship, the wave drag increase and the wind resistance under different sailing environment conditions; displaying the selected wind wing parameters, the diameter of the propeller and the model of the main engine; displaying the rotating speed, the torque and the power of the propeller under different navigation environment conditions; and displaying the rotating speed, torque, power and fuel consumption rate of the ship host under different sailing environment conditions.
The invention provides scientific support for optimizing and matching design, dynamic characteristic analysis, energy efficiency level and energy saving and emission reduction capacity analysis of the power system of the wind wing navigation-aiding ship; the invention can design a power system with low cost and high energy efficiency. The invention analyzes the dynamic characteristics of the main power system of the wind-wing navigation-aiding ship and displays the characteristic curve, so that the dynamic characteristics of the main power system of the wind-wing navigation-aiding ship can be intuitively observed, and the operation state of the main power system of the wind-wing navigation-aiding ship can be seen more clearly by a ship manager.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the optimal design of the primary power system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of dynamic characteristics analysis according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the analysis of the boosting effect of the wind wing of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the system of the present embodiment includes:
the system comprises a data acquisition and processing module, a navigation environment dynamic analysis module, a ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module, a hybrid power system matching module, a wind wing boosting effect analysis module, a propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module, a ship host dynamic characteristic analysis module and a comprehensive dynamic display module;
the data acquisition and processing module is used for acquiring ship length, ship width, ship draft, load ton, design navigational speed and ship navigational speed data; acquiring longitude and latitude ranges of a target sea area according to the selected route to obtain navigation environment data;
the navigation environment dynamic analysis module is used for drawing a navigation environment dynamic change map of the navigation area according to the navigation environment data;
specifically, the navigation environment dynamic analysis module is used for realizing the space-time distribution characteristic analysis of the navigation environment and obtaining the ship navigation environment dynamic information of different times and navigation areas and the variation trend and characteristics thereof. According to the acquired navigation environment data such as wind speed, wind direction, wave height and the like in different time and space, the navigation environment dynamic change map in different time and navigation areas can be drawn, and the space-time distribution characteristics of the ship navigation environment based on dynamic visualization are realized.
The ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module is used for analyzing the ship hydrostatic resistance, the wave drag increase, the wind resistance and the total ship resistance under different sailing environment conditions according to the sailing environment data;
the ship hybrid power system matching module is used for optimally matching and designing wind wing parameters and propeller parameters and the model of a main machine of the hybrid power system;
the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module is used for obtaining a wind wing action relation curve and an optimal attack angle according to wind wing parameters, navigation environment data and navigation speed data, and calculating average maximum wind wing boosting force and wind wing auxiliary boosting power;
the ship propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module is used for analyzing the propeller rotating speed, torque and power under different navigation environment conditions;
the ship host dynamic characteristic analysis module is used for analyzing host rotation speed, torque, power and host fuel consumption rate under different navigation environment conditions;
the comprehensive dynamic display module is used for displaying navigation environment data of different time and navigation areas, total resistance and each sub resistance of the ship under different navigation environment conditions, wind wing parameters, propeller parameters, host machine model, propeller rotating speed, torque, power and host machine fuel consumption rate under different navigation environment conditions.
Preferably, the operation strategy of the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module is as follows:
step 11, calculating the total resistance of the still water of the ship by adopting a Holtrop-Mennen method according to the ship target route navigation environment data and the navigation speed data; the navigational speed data are set according to experience; the calculation formula of the total resistance of the still water is as follows:
R T ＝R F (1+k 1 )+R APP +R W +R B +R TR +R A (1)
wherein R is T R is total resistance of still water F Is friction resistance, R APP Is the appendage resistance, R W For wave-making resistance and wave-breaking resistance R B The ball nose head is added with resistance, R TR Adding resistance for tail soaking, R A For modeling the relevant resistance, k of the real ship 1 Is a ship-shaped viscous resistance factorA seed;
step 12, calculating the wave drag increase of the ship according to the navigation environment data, the ship parameters and the navigation speed data; the wave resistance increase calculation formula is:
wherein F is r Is Froude number; h is wave height; l (L) w1 Is the waterline length; ρ is the density of water; s is the wet area; v (V) S The speed of the ship to water is kept;
step 13, calculating wind resistance of the ship according to the navigation environment data and combining the ship parameters and the navigation speed data; the calculation formula of the ship wind resistance is as follows:
wherein R is wind Is wind resistance; c (C) wind Is the wind resistance coefficient; ρ air Is air density; a is that T Is the windward area; v (V) wind Is the relative wind speed;
step 14, calculating the total resistance of the ship according to the navigation environment data and the ship parameters; the calculation formula of the total resistance of the ship is as follows:
R＝R T +R wave +R wind (4)
Wherein R is total resistance of the ship; r is R T Is the resistance to still water; r is R wave The resistance is increased by waves; r is R wind Is wind resistance.
Preferably, the ship hybrid power system matching module realizes the optimal matching design of a main machine, wind wings and a propeller of the hybrid power system, and comprises the following steps:
step 21, analyzing characteristic information of the route wind power resources, namely boosting capacity of route wind power, according to the navigation environment data, and calculating the area of the wind wings; the calculation formula of the wind wing area is as follows:
wherein S is w Is the area of the wind wing; t (T) w The wind wing boosting force is required for design; r is total resistance of the ship; η (eta) w The boosting efficiency of the wind wing; p is p av Average boost pressure of wind wings; n is the number of installed wind wings;
step 22, designing the power of a propeller design point under each design navigational speed of the ship according to a naval coefficient method; the calculation formula of the design point power is as follows:
wherein delta is the target ship design displacement; v is the target ship design navigational speed; delta 1 Designing the drainage quantity for the mother ship; v (V) 1 Designing a navigational speed for a mother ship; p (P) D1 Designing power for a mother ship;
step 23, calculating the maximum continuous power agreed by the host according to the sea state reserve coefficient, the engine reserve coefficient and the shafting transmission efficiency; the calculation formula of the maximum sustained power agreed by the host is as follows:
Wherein P is E Assigning a maximum continuous power (CMCR) to a target ship's host; c (C) SM Reserve coefficients for sea conditions; c (C) EM Reserve coefficients for the engine; η (eta) S The shafting transmission efficiency is;
step 24, selecting an alternative host meeting the power requirement according to the maximum continuous power agreed by the target ship host;
step 25, deleting the alternative hosts which do not meet the requirements according to the width and height parameters of the alternative hosts and whether the requirements of the design size of the tail of the ship are met;
step 26, calculating the diameter D of the propeller prop ：
Wherein P is M Maximum output power for the selected host; n is n M The rotating speed under the maximum power of the host is selected; d (D) prop Is the diameter of the propeller; c is the blade coefficient;
step 27, determining the maximum propeller diameter allowed by the ship structure according to the gaps among the propellers, the ship body and the accessories, determining the optional minimum propeller diameter according to the ballast condition of the ship, and calculating the final optional rotating speed range; the calculation formula of the final optional rotation speed range is as follows:
wherein P is M Maximum output power for the selected host; n is n M The rotating speed under the maximum power of the host is selected; d (D) prop Is the diameter of the propeller; c is the blade coefficient;
28, drawing an equal-speed curve, drawing a propeller operation characteristic curve according to propeller design parameters, drawing a model selection area diagram of each alternative host on one diagram to obtain an alternative host model selection diagram of a target ship, and determining a host and a power point; the calculation formula for drawing the equal-speed curve is as follows:
Wherein P is 1 Designing propulsion power, n, required at maximum design speed within the range of speed for the target vessel 1 For the corresponding propeller rotational speed; p (P) 2 Designing propulsion power, n, required at minimum design speed for target vessel within range of speed 2 For the corresponding propeller rotational speed; alpha is an equal navigational speed coefficient;
step 29, calculating the total investment cost F of the whole operation period of the ship, and selecting a host with the minimum total investment cost as a selected host; the calculation formula of the total investment cost of the whole operation period is as follows:
F＝F 0 +F 1 +F 2 (11)
wherein F is the total investment cost, F 0 F is the initial investment cost of the main machine 1 Is the sum of the rest of the fuel consumption of the host machine, F 2 Is the sum of the principal machine lubricating oil consumption.
As shown in fig. 4, the matching module of the ship hybrid power system realizes the optimal matching design of the host machine, the wind wings and the propeller of the hybrid power system:
aiming at the high-efficiency arc airfoil sails, analyzing characteristic information of wind power resources of a route, namely boosting capacity of wind power of the route according to navigation environment data, and carrying out automatic optimization matching of wind wing areas on the basis; calculating the power of a propeller design point (pilot power point) under each designed navigational speed of the ship according to a naval coefficient method based on basic parameters such as a ship main scale ratio, a ship coefficient, designed drainage amount, designed navigational speed and the like; determining a host agreed maximum continuous power (CMCR) according to the sea state reserve coefficient, the engine reserve coefficient and the shafting transmission efficiency; determining a maximum allowable rotation speed nmax and a minimum allowable rotation speed nmin according to parameters such as maximum continuous power (CMCR), width, height and the like of an alternative model of a target ship, arrangement requirements of the tail of the ship and a model selection area diagram of each model, obtaining initial rotation speed ranges nmin-nmax of the host and the propellers, determining a propeller diameter selection range Dmin-Dmax, further determining the maximum propeller diameter allowed by a ship structure according to related data of the propellers, the ship body and accessories, determining an optional minimum propeller diameter according to ship ballast, and determining a final optional rotation speed range; drawing an equal navigational speed curve and a propeller operation characteristic curve, uniformly drawing the equal navigational speed curve and the propeller operation characteristic curve together with a model selection area diagram of each alternative model to obtain an alternative host model selection diagram of a target ship, and determining the model and the power point; and carrying out economic analysis on the selected model and power point, calculating the total investment cost F of the whole operation period of the ship, selecting the model with the minimum total investment cost as the final selected model and power point, and determining the model of the host.
Preferably, the operation strategy of the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module comprises the following steps:
step 31, calculating the thrust and resistance generated under the optimal attack angle of the wind wing based on the navigation environment data, wind wing parameters, navigation speed data and wind tunnel test data:
F L ＝C L ·1/2ρ a V wind 2 ·S w (12)
F D ＝C D ·1/2ρ a V wind 2 ·S w (13)
wherein F is L Wing thrust at optimum angle of attack; f (F) D Wind wing resistance under the optimal attack angle; ρ a Is air density; s is S w Is the side projection area of the wind wing; c (C) L 、C D Respectively a lift coefficient and a drag coefficient; v (V) wind Is the relative wind speed;
step 32, calculating the ship wind wing thrust aids and the corresponding transverse force when the ship wind wing generates the thrust aids according to the thrust and the resistance generated under the optimal attack angle of the wind wing:
F X ＝F L sinθ-F D cosθ (14)
F Y ＝F L cosθ-F D sinθ (15)
wherein F is X The auxiliary thrust generated by the wind wings of the ship; f (F) Y Corresponding transverse force when the auxiliary thrust is generated for the ship wind wing; f (F) L Wing thrust at optimum angle of attack; f (F) D Resistance of wind wings; θ is the relative wind direction angle.
Preferably, the operation strategy of the ship propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module includes:
step 41, obtaining a thrust coefficient K of the propeller through a propeller open water characteristic curve according to the propeller design parameters T Torque coefficient K M ；
Step 42, analyzing the dynamic change relation of the thrust and the rotating speed of the ship propeller under different sailing environment conditions according to the dynamic change relation of the ship wind wing thrust, the ship total resistance and the sailing environment:
R＝T P +T sail ＝(1-t)K T ρn 2 D prop 4 +T sail (16)
Wherein R is total resistance of the ship; t (T) P Is the propeller thrust; t (T) sail Average maximum boosting force of the wind wing;t is a thrust derating coefficient; k (K) T Is a thrust coefficient; ρ is the sea water density; n is the rotational speed of the propeller; d (D) prop Is the diameter of the propeller;
step 43, calculating a calculation formula of the dynamic change relation of the torque and the power of the propeller under the condition of non-navigation environment according to the dynamic change relation of the rotating speed of the propeller and an empirical formula, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
M P ＝K M ρn 2 D prop 5 (17)
P P ＝2πnM P (18)
wherein M is P Is the propeller torque; p (P) P Is the propeller power; k (K) M Is a torque coefficient; ρ is the sea water density; n is the rotational speed of the propeller; d (D) prop Is the diameter of the propeller.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, based on sailing environment data, wind wing parameters, sailing speed data, wind tunnel test data, thrust and resistance generated under the optimum attack angle of the wind wing are calculated; calculating the maximum boosting force and corresponding transverse force generated by the wind wing under different relative wind direction angles: calculating the maximum boosting force of the corresponding wind wings when the relative wind direction angle is in the range of 0-180 degrees and increases every 10 degrees, and further calculating the average maximum boosting force of the wind wings and the auxiliary boosting power of the wind wings;
preferably, the ship host dynamic characteristic analysis module adopts the following operation strategies:
step 51, calculating the rotation speed of the host machine:
n e ＝n (19)
Wherein n is e The rotation speed of the host machine; n is the rotational speed of the propeller;
step 52, calculating the power of the main engine shaft according to the main engine rotating speed:
P P ＝η H η O η R η s P e (20)
wherein P is e Is the power of the main machine shaft; p (P) P The effective power of the propeller; η (eta) s The transmission efficiency of the shaft system is; η (eta) R Is the relative rotation efficiency; η (eta) O The water efficiency is improved for the propeller; η (eta) H Is hull efficiency;
step 53, calculating the dynamic change relation of the torque according to the rotation speed of the host machine and the power of the host machine shaft:
wherein M is e Is the torque of the host; p (P) e Is the power of the main machine shaft; n is n e The rotation speed of the host machine;
step 54, calculating the fuel consumption rate of the ship host under different navigation environment conditions:
wherein f g The fuel consumption rate of the host; g e Oil is supplied for each cycle; p (P) e Is the power of the main machine shaft; n is n e Is the host rotational speed.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the navigation environment dynamic analysis module is used for realizing the space-time distribution feature analysis of the navigation environment, and obtaining the ship navigation environment dynamic information of different times and navigation areas and the variation trend and characteristics thereof. According to the acquired navigation environment data such as wind speed, wind direction, wave height and the like in different time and space, a navigation environment dynamic change map in different time and navigation areas can be drawn, and space-time distribution characteristic analysis of the ship navigation environment based on dynamic visualization is realized; the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module is used for realizing real-time analysis of ship hydrostatic resistance, wave drag increase, wind resistance and ship total resistance dynamic change characteristics under different sailing environment conditions and drawing ship hydrostatic resistance, wave drag increase, wind resistance and ship total resistance dynamic change characteristic curves under different sailing environment conditions; the ship hybrid power system matching module is used for realizing the optimal matching design of a host machine, wind wings and a propeller of the hybrid power system; the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module obtains a wind wing action CL-CD relation curve and an optimal attack angle according to wind wing parameters, navigation environment data and navigation speed data, calculates the maximum boosting force of the wind wing under different relative wind direction angles, further calculates the average maximum boosting force of the wind wing and wind wing auxiliary boosting power, and analyzes the wind wing boosting effect; the ship propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module can analyze the dynamic response relation of the rotating speed, the torque and the power of the propeller under different sailing environment conditions, and realize the dynamic response characteristic analysis of the rotating speed, the torque and the power of the propeller under different sailing environment conditions; the ship host dynamic characteristic analysis module is used for analyzing dynamic characteristics of host rotation speed, torque, power and host fuel consumption rate under different navigation environment conditions based on the energy conversion relation among the ship body, the propeller, the host and the wind wings.
As shown in fig. 2, the method of the present invention comprises the steps of:
step 1, a data acquisition and processing module acquires ship length, ship width, ship draft, load carrying ton and ship navigational speed data; acquiring longitude and latitude ranges of a target sea area according to the selected route to obtain navigation environment data;
step 3, the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module calculates ship hydrostatic resistance, wave drag increase, wind resistance and ship total resistance under different sailing environment conditions according to the sailing environment data acquired by the data acquisition and processing module;
Step 6, the ship propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module calculates the rotating speed, torque and power of the propeller under different sailing environment conditions according to the ship total resistance under different sailing environment conditions obtained by the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module, the propeller parameters obtained by the hybrid power system matching module and the average maximum boosting force of the wind wings obtained by the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module;
step 7, the ship main engine dynamic characteristic analysis module calculates the main engine rotating speed, torque, power and main engine fuel consumption rate under different sailing environment conditions according to the ship total resistance, the main engine model and the average maximum boosting force of the wind wings, wherein the ship total resistance, the main engine model and the average maximum boosting force are obtained by the hybrid power system matching module and the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module under different sailing environment conditions are obtained by the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module;
step 8, a comprehensive dynamic display module displays navigation environment data of different times and navigation areas; displaying the total resistance and the hydrostatic resistance of the ship, the wave drag increase and the wind resistance under different sailing environment conditions; displaying the selected wind wing parameters, the diameter of the propeller and the model of the main engine; displaying the rotating speed, the torque and the power of the propeller under different navigation environment conditions; and displaying the rotating speed, torque, power and fuel consumption rate of the ship host under different sailing environment conditions.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention provides scientific support for optimizing and matching design, dynamic characteristic analysis, energy efficiency level and energy saving and emission reduction capacity analysis of the power system of the wind wing navigation-aiding ship; the invention can design a power system with low cost and high energy efficiency. The invention analyzes the dynamic characteristics of the main power system of the wind-wing navigation-aiding ship and displays the characteristic curve, so that the dynamic characteristics of the main power system of the wind-wing navigation-aiding ship can be intuitively observed, and the operation state of the main power system of the wind-wing navigation-aiding ship can be seen more clearly by a ship manager.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The method for using the main power system design and characteristic analysis system of the wind-wing navigation-aiding ship is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the system comprises a data acquisition and processing module, a navigation environment dynamic analysis module, a ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module, a hybrid power system matching module, a wind wing boosting effect analysis module, a propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module, a ship host dynamic characteristic analysis module and a comprehensive dynamic display module;
The data acquisition and processing module is used for acquiring ship length, ship width, ship draft, load ton, design navigational speed and ship navigational speed data; acquiring longitude and latitude ranges of a target sea area according to the selected route to obtain navigation environment data;
the navigation environment dynamic analysis module is used for drawing a navigation environment dynamic change map of the navigation area according to the navigation environment data;
the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module is used for calculating ship hydrostatic resistance, wave drag increase, wind resistance and total ship resistance under different sailing environment conditions according to the sailing environment data;
the ship hybrid power system matching module is used for optimally matching and designing wind wing parameters and propeller parameters and the model of a main machine of the hybrid power system;
the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module is used for obtaining a wind wing action relation curve and an optimal attack angle according to wind wing parameters, navigation environment data and navigation speed data, and calculating average maximum wind wing boosting force and wind wing auxiliary boosting power;
the ship propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module is used for calculating propeller rotating speed, torque and power under different navigation environment conditions;
the ship host dynamic characteristic analysis module is used for calculating host rotation speed, torque, power and host fuel consumption rate under different navigation environment conditions;
The comprehensive dynamic display module is used for displaying navigation environment data of different time and navigation areas, total resistance and each sub resistance of the ship under different navigation environment conditions, wind wing parameters, propeller parameters, host model, propeller rotation speed, torque, power and host fuel consumption rate under different navigation environment conditions;
the operation strategy of the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module is as follows:
step 11, calculating the total resistance of the still water of the ship by adopting a Holtrop-Mennen method according to the ship target route navigation environment data, the navigation speed data and the ship parameters; the navigational speed data are set according to experience; the calculation formula of the total resistance of the still water is as follows:
R T ＝R F (1+k 1 )+R APP +R W +R B +R TR +R A (1)
wherein R is T R is total resistance of still water F Is friction resistance, R APP Is the appendage resistance, R W For wave-making resistance and wave-breaking resistance R B The ball nose head is added with resistance, R TR Adding resistance for tail soaking, R A For modeling the relevant resistance, k of the real ship 1 Is a ship-type viscous drag factor;
step 12, calculating the wave drag increase of the ship according to the navigation environment data, the ship parameters and the navigation speed data; the wave resistance increase calculation formula is:
wherein F is r Is Froude number; h is wave height; l (L) w1 Is the waterline length; ρ is the density of water; s is the wet area; v (V) S The speed of the ship to water is kept;
Step 13, calculating wind resistance of the ship according to the navigation environment data and combining the ship parameters and the navigation speed data; the calculation formula of the ship wind resistance is as follows:
wherein R is wind Is wind resistance; c (C) wind Is the wind resistance coefficient; ρ air Is air density; a is that T Is the windward area; v (V) wind Is the relative wind speed;
step 14, calculating the total resistance of the ship according to the navigation environment data and the ship parameters; the calculation formula of the total resistance of the ship is as follows:
R＝R T +R wave +R wind (4)
wherein R is total resistance of the ship; r is R T Is the resistance to still water; r is R wave The resistance is increased by waves; r is R wind Is wind resistance;
the ship hybrid power system matching module realizes the optimal matching design of a host machine, wind wings and a propeller of the hybrid power system, and comprises the following steps:
step 21, analyzing characteristic information of the route wind power resources, namely boosting capacity of route wind power, according to the navigation environment data, and calculating the area of the wind wings; the calculation formula of the wind wing area is as follows:
wherein S is w Is the area of the wind wing; t (T) w The wind wing boosting force is required for design; r is total resistance of the ship; η (eta) w The boosting efficiency of the wind wing; p is p av Average boost pressure of wind wings; n is the number of installed wind wings;
step 22, calculating the power of the design point of the propeller of each ship under each design navigational speed according to the naval coefficient method; the calculation formula of the design point power is as follows:
Wherein delta isDesigning the displacement for the target ship; v is the target ship design navigational speed; delta 1 Designing the drainage quantity for the mother ship; v (V) 1 Designing a navigational speed for a mother ship; p (P) D1 Designing power for a mother ship;
step 23, calculating the maximum continuous power agreed by the host according to the sea state reserve coefficient, the engine reserve coefficient and the shafting transmission efficiency; the calculation formula of the maximum sustained power agreed by the host is as follows:
wherein P is E Assigning a maximum continuous power (CMCR) to a target ship's host; c (C) SM Reserve coefficients for sea conditions; c (C) EM Reserve coefficients for the engine; η (eta) S The shafting transmission efficiency is;
step 24, selecting an alternative host meeting the power requirement according to the maximum continuous power agreed by the host of the target ship;
step 25, judging whether the requirements of the design size of the tail of the ship are met or not according to the width and height parameters of the alternative host, and deleting the alternative host which does not meet the requirements;
step 26, calculating the diameter D of the propeller prop ：
Wherein P is M Maximum output power for the selected host; n is n M The rotating speed under the maximum power of the host is selected; d (D) prop Is the diameter of the propeller; c is the blade coefficient;
step 27, determining the maximum propeller diameter allowed by the ship structure according to the gaps among the propellers, the ship body and the accessories, and calculating the rotation speed of the selected host under the maximum power according to the ship ballast condition; the calculation formula of the rotating speed under the maximum power of the selected host is as follows:
Wherein P is M Maximum output power for the selected host; n is n M The rotating speed under the maximum power of the host is selected; d (D) prop Is the diameter of the propeller; c is the blade coefficient;
28, drawing an equal-speed curve, drawing a propeller operation characteristic curve according to propeller design parameters, drawing a model selection area diagram of each alternative host on one diagram to obtain an alternative host model selection diagram of a target ship, and determining a host and a power point; the calculation formula for drawing the equal-speed curve is as follows:
wherein P is 1 Designing propulsion power, n, required at maximum design speed within the range of speed for the target vessel 1 For the corresponding propeller rotational speed; p (P) 2 Designing propulsion power, n, required at minimum design speed for target vessel within range of speed 2 For the corresponding propeller rotational speed; alpha is an equal navigational speed coefficient;
step 29, calculating the total investment cost F of the whole operation period of the ship, and selecting a host with the minimum total investment cost as a selected host; the calculation formula of the total investment cost of the whole operation period is as follows:
F＝F 0 +F 1 +F 2 (11)
wherein F is the total investment cost, F 0 F is the initial investment cost of the main machine 1 Is the sum of the rest of the fuel consumption of the host machine, F 2 The sum of the rest of the lubricating oil consumption of the host;
the operation strategy of the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module comprises the following steps:
Step 31, calculating the thrust and resistance generated under the optimal attack angle of the ship wind wing based on the navigation environment data, wind wing parameters and navigation speed data:
F L ＝C L ·1/2ρ a V wind 2 ·S w (12)
F D ＝C D ·1/2ρ a V wind 2 ·S w (13)
wherein F is L Wing thrust at optimum angle of attack; f (F) D Wind wing resistance under the optimal attack angle; ρ a Is air density; s is S w Is the side projection area of the wind wing; c (C) L 、C D Respectively a lift coefficient and a drag coefficient; v (V) wind Is the relative wind speed;
step 32, calculating the ship wind wing thrust aids and the corresponding transverse force when the ship wind wing generates the thrust aids according to the thrust and the resistance generated under the optimal attack angle of the wind wing:
F X ＝F L sinθ-F D cosθ (14)
F Y ＝F L cosθ-F D sinθ (15)
wherein F is X The auxiliary thrust generated by the wind wings of the ship; f (F) Y Corresponding transverse force when the auxiliary thrust is generated for the ship wind wing; f (F) L Wing thrust at optimum angle of attack; f (F) D Resistance of wind wings; θ is the relative wind direction angle;
calculating the thrust and resistance generated under the optimal attack angle of the wind wing based on the navigation environment data, wind wing parameters, navigation speed data and wind tunnel test data; calculating the maximum boosting force and corresponding transverse force generated by the wind wing under different relative wind direction angles: calculating the maximum boosting force of the corresponding wind wings when the relative wind direction angle is in the range of 0-180 degrees and increases every 10 degrees, and further calculating the average maximum boosting force of the wind wings and the auxiliary boosting power of the wind wings;
The operation strategy of the ship propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module comprises the following steps:
step 41, obtaining a thrust coefficient K of the propeller through a propeller open water characteristic curve according to the propeller design parameters T Torque coefficient K M ；
Step 42, analyzing the dynamic change relation of the thrust and the rotating speed of the ship propeller under different sailing environment conditions according to the dynamic change relation of the ship wind wing thrust, the ship total resistance and the sailing environment:
R＝T P +T sail ＝(1-t)K T ρn 2 D prop 4 +T sail (16)
wherein R is total resistance of the ship; t (T) P Is the propeller thrust; t (T) sail Average maximum boosting force of the wind wing; i is a thrust derating coefficient; k (K) T Is a thrust coefficient; ρ is the sea water density; n is the rotational speed of the propeller; d (D) prop Is the diameter of the propeller;
step 43, calculating a calculation formula of the dynamic change relation of the torque and the power of the propeller under the condition of non-navigation environment according to the dynamic change relation of the rotating speed of the propeller and an empirical formula, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
M P ＝K M ρn 2 D prop 5 (17)
P P ＝2πnM P (18)
wherein M is P Is the propeller torque; p (P) P Is the propeller power; k (K) M Is a torque coefficient; ρ is the sea water density; n is the rotational speed of the propeller; d (D) prop Is the diameter of the propeller;
the ship host dynamic characteristic analysis module adopts the following operation strategies:
step 51, calculating the rotation speed of the host machine:
n e ＝n (19)
wherein n is e The rotation speed of the host machine; n is the rotational speed of the propeller;
Step 52, calculating the power of the main engine shaft according to the main engine rotating speed:
P P ＝η H η O η R η S P e (20)
wherein P is e Is the power of the main machine shaft; p (P) P The effective power of the propeller; η (eta) S The transmission efficiency of the shaft system is; η (eta) R Is the relative rotation efficiency; η (eta) O The water efficiency is improved for the propeller; η (eta) H Is hull efficiency;
step 53, calculating the dynamic change relation of the torque according to the rotation speed of the host machine and the power of the host machine shaft:
wherein M is e Is the torque of the host; p (P) e Is the power of the main machine shaft; n is n e The rotation speed of the host machine;
step 54, calculating the fuel consumption rate of the ship host under different navigation environment conditions:
wherein f g The fuel consumption rate of the host; g e Oil is supplied for each cycle; p (P) e Is the power of the main machine shaft; n is n e The rotation speed of the host machine;
the method for using the main power system design and characteristic analysis system of the wind wing navigation assisting ship comprises the following steps:
step 1, a data acquisition and processing module acquires ship length, ship width, ship draft, load carrying ton and ship navigational speed data; acquiring longitude and latitude ranges of a target sea area according to the selected route to obtain navigation environment data;
step 2, drawing a navigation environment dynamic change map of the navigation area according to the navigation environment data;
step 3, the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module calculates ship hydrostatic resistance, wave drag increase, wind resistance and ship total resistance under different sailing environment conditions according to the sailing environment data acquired by the data acquisition and processing module;
Step 4, the hybrid power system matching module performs optimization matching design on the wind wing parameters, the propeller parameters and the host model of the hybrid power system of the wind wing navigation-aid ship according to the ship length, the ship width, the ship draft, the load carrying capacity, the designed navigational speed, the ship navigational speed data and the ship total resistance under different navigational environment conditions, which are acquired by the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module;
step 5, a ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module calculates a wind wing action CL-CD relation curve and an optimal attack angle according to the navigation environment data, the ship navigation speed data and the wind wing parameters acquired by the hybrid power system matching module acquired by the data acquisition and processing module, then calculates the maximum boosting force of the wind wing under different relative wind direction angles, further calculates the average maximum boosting force of the wind wing and the wind wing auxiliary boosting power, and analyzes the wind wing boosting effect;
step 6, the ship propeller dynamic characteristic analysis module calculates the rotating speed, torque and power of the propeller under different sailing environment conditions according to the ship total resistance under different sailing environment conditions obtained by the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module, the propeller parameters obtained by the hybrid power system matching module and the average maximum boosting force of the wind wings obtained by the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module;
Step 7, the ship main engine dynamic characteristic analysis module calculates the main engine rotating speed, torque, power and main engine fuel consumption rate under different sailing environment conditions according to the ship total resistance, the main engine model and the average maximum boosting force of the wind wings, wherein the ship total resistance, the main engine model and the average maximum boosting force are obtained by the hybrid power system matching module and the ship wind wing boosting effect analysis module under different sailing environment conditions are obtained by the ship resistance dynamic characteristic analysis module;
step 8, a comprehensive dynamic display module displays navigation environment data of different times and navigation areas; displaying the total resistance and the hydrostatic resistance of the ship, the wave drag increase and the wind resistance under different sailing environment conditions; displaying the selected wind wing parameters, the diameter of the propeller and the model of the main engine; displaying the rotating speed, the torque and the power of the propeller under different navigation environment conditions; and displaying the rotating speed, torque, power and fuel consumption rate of the ship host under different sailing environment conditions.
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