CN114402633A - Program for unified global registration and universal recognition of spatially locatable objects - Google Patents

Abstract

A program for unified global registration and universal identification in any territory in which objects are spatially locatable for interoperability between different types of computing systems at either object or spatial locations, the program comprising: generating unique and non-transitionable identifiers for each connection, smart and spatial object device in URN UUID, OID and DID formats without discarding others; creating a DID document associated with the generated identifier; associating the object with a different identifier of the user/owner; assigning permissions, roles, and creating Access Control Lists (ACLs); creating an encryption key associated with the ACL; saving data, service identifiers and other associated identifiers, and the necessary rights to access object data in the DID document; generating a digital fingerprint of the DID document using the hash; associated data and hash storage in the system and in one or more DLTs or blockchain networks.

Description

Program for unified global registration and universal recognition of spatially locatable objects

Technical Field

The application areas are part of the identification and traceability sector of devices, geographical and spatial systems, while encompassing healthcare, electronics, robotics, communications, biotechnology, nanotechnology and data management systems.

Background

Spatial objects are digital representations of geographic entities or phenomena that form the basis for data management and analysis; a well-classified model is beneficial not only for representing real entities but also for revealing spatial relationships and therefore for formatting spatial analysis.

IoT (internet of things) can be developed in many areas and environments where countless devices of different nature and technical characteristics will operate, then be manufactured by thousands of different brands, each with its own standards. Thus, the market for IoT wireless connections is highly segmented. Options include ANT +, Bluetooth Smart, EnOcean, InGenu, LoRa, LTE, NB-IoT (essentially a subset of the 5G IoT use case), Sigfox, Sub-GHz, ULE Alliance (ULE Alliance), weightlessness (Weightless), WiGig, and various types of WiFi. Developing all of these capabilities to communicate with each other is not only a technical challenge, but is also a consistency issue. This is why IoT interoperability is necessary.

In the case of robots, these are virtual entities or artificial physical devices capable of performing a variety of tasks based on preprogrammed or remotely transmitted instructions. There are different types of robots, such as industrial, home, or medical robots (e.g., surgical robots, some lift-man machines … …), entertainment robots (toy robots), land, air, or undersea robots (vehicles and other robots), humanoid robots (that look like a human and perform human-specific tasks). In addition, autonomous vehicles, also known as robotics, intelligence, unmanned or autonomous, are capable of simulating human driving and control capabilities, as well as perceiving the environment around them and operating accordingly. These devices are based on algorithms that feed back information from smart sensors, maps and calculations, and use sophisticated techniques to perceive the environment.

Mobile devices, such as electronic devices and vehicles, must communicate with other mobile devices to allow mutual identification, location, and coordination of their movements in a manner that also ensures privacy of certain public information of the device and private information associated with the device. Therefore, identifying connections and smart devices is an important issue and plays a relevant role in the internet of things (IoT). The uniformity of identification promotes interoperability and is crucial for the proper development of IoT and robotics. However, there is currently no known system that can do this.

There is also no uniform identification of the robot. Only OWASP (open web application security project) has proposed a project called "robot security project" to perform robot identification, but the project has not been developed yet and it is suggested that industries and authorities use systems to register identifiers, thereby reducing the risk that someone might manipulate the identifier. Currently, there is no unified system to identify connected and intelligent objects and devices, but only a manufacturer specific identification system and some criteria for different purposes. For example, the robot must generate its own universal identifier itself, force it to incorporate the logic or electronics needed to generate the identifier internally (e.g., with a software algorithm to generate the UUID or with a reverse polarized diode as a hardware random number generator) or use an external service to be generated, and thus obtain the internal identifier to add it to the internal memory of the device itself. However, these mechanisms do not ensure that there is no conflict with another device (the possibility of generating two identical identifiers), nor that an identifier can be recognized by other devices if there is no unified registry that can avoid these conflicts and record these identifiers in a unified manner.

There are a number of relevant criteria. For example, in the international trade area, Unique Product Identifiers (UPIs) define products sold in the world market. The manufacturer assigns a product identifier to each item. The identifier is used to provide device identification in different environments: a smart environment for aging; the intelligent agriculture and the grain safety are realized; wearable devices and health, wellness conditions; an intelligent city; intelligent movement; environmental and intelligent water management; intelligent manufacturing; smart energy and smart grid; intelligent buildings and constructions; the intelligent home furnishing is carried out; and (4) intelligent logistics. Examples include:

vehicle Identification Number (VIN), ISO 3779, specifies a unified identification numbering system for road vehicles.

The coding, identification and marking of the loading container is specified in ISO 6346.

Identification of animals with radio frequency tags is specified in ISO 11784.

Identification of RFID tags by numbering systems is defined in ISO/IEC 15963.

ISO/IEC 15459 is used to identify logistics items, products, recyclable transportation items and groups.

Communication identifiers are essential to the communication protocol and affect its functionality (e.g., routing, switching), e.g., IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, MAC addresses, etc.

User identifiers, such as e-mail addresses (IETF RFC 5322) and organization identifiers (ISO/IEC 6523-1).

The protocol identifier.

In addition, location identification is important in many IoT applications. There are some criteria for identifying a geographical location.

Examples include:

a standard representation of the location of the geographical points by coordinates (including latitude and longitude) to be used in the data exchange is specified in ISO 6709.

The location identifier of the International Air Transport Association (IATA).

United nations trade and transportation location code, UN/LOCODE.

A general framework to identify spatial objects or locations is another unresolved challenge. The Persistent Identifier (PID) serves as a standardized and long-term invariant reference to digital resources, regardless of their current state, location, or owner. The Spatial Object Identifier (SOID) architecture is an architecture for collecting, recording, parsing, cataloging, and propagating PIDs associated with spatial data published by a remote geospatial information system. Today, there is a lot of spatial information published on the network, but the interfaces provided are very heterogeneous. One of the most popular interfaces is the open geospatial information alliance (OGC) Web Feature Server (WFS) specification. While some countries already have certain governance structures, procedures, standards, guidelines and tools for managing identifiers in their Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI), their approaches differ from one another, at different maturity levels, and at least the applicant is not aware of the commonly shared PID governance policies of different countries, just to mention that one common framework is required. In the identification of spatial objects or locations, a Persistent Identifier (PID) may be identified by a Unique Resource Identifier (URI) as a UUID, and also identified as an OID or DID, so that it may be used by external applications to refer to it.

In addition, the relationship between identifiers may change dynamically over time (e.g., DNS or NDP). In any system of components that interact with each other, it is necessary to identify these components to ensure proper composition and operation of the system. This applies to all stages of the life cycle of the system, from development to assembly, debugging, operation, maintenance and even end of life. The interoperability issue of device identifiers arises when the IoT solution must support different identification schemes.

Artificial intelligence and robotics offer many other possibilities: view the camera system at all angles; infrared and thermal night vision cameras capable of distinguishing objects, animals, people, etc.; radar, sensors and different types of systems that allow navigation without human activity, for example to avoid obstacles to an emergency area. An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is a reusable drone that autonomously maintains a controlled and sustained level of flight. The term UAS refers to an unmanned aerial system, such as a drone. Generally, it must have an identification plate, flame retardant material, which must be fixed to the structure of the aircraft, and attached with information such as the aircraft identification, type, model number and applicable serial number, as well as the operator's name and necessary contact details, and must be readable and indelible to the naked eye. However, at the level of connectivity between the devices, there is no way in which this information can be associated, verified and shared by a unified registry and unique and universal identifiers, nor can the devices automatically identify each other in a simple manner, neither be located from a central control system, for example, to coordinate rescue tasks in a disaster, nor can the devices used in a rescue task identify devices that are affected and/or missing individuals.

Thus, there are several types of identification related to connected devices, smart devices, and spatial objects. However, there is currently no known identification scheme that can address all of the problems set forth above and encompass all of the requirements set forth. loT, robotics, and spatial object recognition applications must address the variety of recognition schemes and interoperability issues caused by the diversity of existing recognition systems.

On the other hand, in the fields of biomedicine and nanotechnology, robotic systems have been developed to automate the production and analysis of micro human stem cell-derived micro-organs. Researchers at the Washington University medical School (University Of Washington School Of Medicine) in Seattle (Seattle) developed this new stem cell growth system into a three-dimensional structure called a micro-organ or organoid, which is similar to the original organ and behaves in a similar manner in many ways. The ability to generate organoids promises to expand the use of micro-organs in basic research and drug discovery. Additionally, smart pills, also known as capsule endoscopes, can be positioned within the body using magnetic fields. The technique uses a silicon chip containing a set of integrated sensors, resonators and wireless transmission techniques, allowing it to mimic the magnetic resonance characteristics of atoms to be detected by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

Communication between micro-robots (nano-robots) may coordinate the activities of biomedical tasks. The feasibility of in vivo ultrasound communication of micro-robots transmitting to various types of tissue at frequencies between 10MHz and 300MHz provides the best compensation between effective acoustic generation and attenuation for communications at distances of about 100 microns, so that the energy provided by oxygen and glucose in the blood can easily support communication rates of about 10,000 bits/sec between micron-sized robots without damaging nearby tissue.

The use of devices and sensors implanted within the human body to transmit health data of a patient can provide great advantages in continuous medical monitoring. The use of RFID for in vivo data collection and transmission has been successfully tested for electroencephalography. Depending on the application, acoustic, optical, RF and chemical signals may be considered as possible options for communication and data transfer for communication in the liquid workspace.

The architecture of the nano-robot may include integrated nano-electronics and the use of mobile phones for different diagnostics, e.g. for intelligent distribution of chemotherapy drugs and re-detection of tumors for cancer treatment. The nano-robot may use an RFID CMOS transponder system for in vivo localization using a communication protocol that allows tracking information about the nano-robot's location. This information may help physicians detect small malignant tissues even in early stages of development. The outer structure of the nano-robot may be composed of a material that ensures sufficient biocompatibility to prevent attack by the immune system.

A nanombot using a programmed chemical nanobiosensor to detect different levels of E-cadherin and β -catenin in the primary and metastatic phases can detect and recognize E-cadherin protein gradient changes beyond expected levels, which can lead to the nanombot detecting tumor cells in the early stages of cancer. There are a wide variety of possible sensors; for example, chemical detection can be highly selective in identifying different types of cells using labels. Chemical signaling and interaction with blood flow are key aspects of solving the nanoprobes for application in cancer therapy. Acoustic detection is another possibility, using different frequencies to have wavelengths comparable to the size of the object of interest.

One important aspect is that robots and other medical devices must comply with a particular identification. UDI (unique device identification) systems for different medical purposes in different regions (europe, usa … …), but these systems are independent and isolated from each other. The FDA in the united states (Food and Drug Administration) implemented its UDI system on medical devices in 9 months 2014. Subsequently, the european regulation No. 2017/745 on medical devices establishes its own UDI system aimed at improving the quality of information in medical devices through the european database (eudam) for identifying these medical devices.

In this regard, U.S. application No. 16/169,126(PCT/ES2019/000062) establishes a generic registration and identification procedure for products of biological origin for pharmaceutical purposes, to unify different UDI identifiers; the identification code according to the description of the invention contains product identifiers from one or more countries, one or more product tagging systems, and additionally one or more links to web addresses, and the program generates a global database for each product, a different local database for the same product for each particular data regulation, and public and private identifiers associated with the global database.

Us application No. 16/452,598 uses and expands on the above to describe a device identifier (DEV), called X-UHC-DEV, which can be associated with a personal device as well as a medical, veterinary or enterprise device, etc., and combines the principle of decentralized blockchains with authentication with a unified and universal multi-purpose identifier for different purposes, e.g. for individuals, relationships established with individuals, devices, products and services, transactions as access rights granted/revoked by individuals, etc.

The object of the present invention is to improve the current state of the art and to solve the different problems and needs posed by a procedure that allows a unified global registration and universal identification of spatially locatable objects using UUID, OID and DID identifiers without discarding the other identifiers, and to extend the identification systems known so far to achieve a unification of identifying these objects in all systems and territories, mainly to improve the care and support of people in their health care as well as in emergency and disaster situations and to help provide services without excluding other uses.

An object identifier or OID is an identifier mechanism standardized by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) and ISO/IEC to identify any object, concept, or "thing" with a globally unambiguous, persistent name. OID is a path in a tree structure, where the leftmost digit represents the root and the right digit represents the leaf. Each OID is created by a registration authority. Each of these authorities in turn may delegate the assignment of new OIDs to other registered authorities, and so on. The leaf node may represent an instance of a registration authority (in which case the OID identifies the authority) or object. Once issued, OIDs are not removed and always identify the same pattern or object. For example, 1.3.6.1.4.1.19126.3 refers to spanish's national identity Document (DNI), OID number 2.16.724.4.302 refers to spanish's physician college (physician college), and OID numbers also exist for different spanish governing bodies.

A UUID is a universally unique identifier standardized by the Open Software Foundation (OSF) as part of a Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) that is unique in space and time with respect to the space of all UUIDs through the use of a cryptographic secure random number that is used to uniquely identify objects or entities on the internet. UUIDs are denoted as URIs or uniform resource identifiers and refer to internet resources; for example, it may bring additional data to indicate how to access the resource. URN (uniform resource name, IETF RFC 2141) is a uniform name for a resource; which indicates the name of a resource that must be unique on the internet. The URN formed using the UUID will be of the type "URN: uuid: ", followed by a hexadecimal representation of the UUID. Additionally, the UUID may also be encoded as an OID.

On the other hand, verifiable claims are standards defined by the world Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and are defined as characteristics, properties, attributes, or contextual information (e.g., name, identification number, current and previous owners, model numbers, etc.) of an entity, and provide standardization and interoperability mechanisms for the purpose of storing, transmitting, and receiving digitally verifiable attribute receipts, such as providers, manufacturers, and owners of goods and/or services. Decentralized Identifier (DID) is a new type of globally unique identifier under the world wide web consortium (W3C) standard and is defined as "new type of identifier for verifiable and self-authorizing digital identities". Which is a multi-attribute schema that uniquely defines a person, object, or organization. Each DID record is cryptographically protected by a private key and can be adapted to work by the same basic mode as the URN specification (URN: DID). The DID provides a path to digital data portability through verifiable credentials, and all types of identifier systems can add support for the DID. This bridges interoperability between the world of centralized, federated, and decentralized identifiers.

DID is two things: a unique identifier and an associated DID document. DID documents are JSON-LD objects that are stored on any computer system for easy querying in a "persistent and unchanging" manner. The contents of the DID may be cryptographically signed to ensure its integrity. Using the encryption key, the owner can prove its authenticity. Parties to the exchanged DID can authenticate each other and encrypt their communications. The DID document may contain a timestamp to create the document, an encrypted proof that the DID document is valid, a list of public encryption keys, a list of ways the DID can be used for authentication, a list of services the DID can be used for, and a number of externally defined extensions. Also, any information may be referenced from the service endpoint. With this mechanism, the DID provides a permanent and resolvable identifier for any internet service. The DID represents a common layer that addresses, abstracts, and verifies key pairs, endpoints, and any other information contained in the DID document.

With respect to communication devices, a MAC address is a unique identifier assigned to a network card or device by the manufacturer. It is also referred to as a physical address, and theoretically it is unique worldwide and fixed for each device. It is important to note that computers may have varying hardware to connect to a network; in this way, it is common to have one MAC address for ethernet, another MAC address for WiFi, and another MAC address for bluetooth.

Currently, 5G mobile technology brings significant benefits due to its low latency, allowing data and instruction communications to be almost instantaneous. However, in disaster situations, telecommunication networks (e.g. mobile phones) may fall and therefore 5G support falls, so additional technologies such as bluetooth, WiFi, Wimax or LPWAN may be required, but LPWAN has many limitations, e.g. only 1% of the time may be transmitted and the transmission speed is very low in some countries. Therefore, new solutions are needed to address these problems.

Bluetooth is a collection of different protocols grouped into a single specification. The bluetooth interface periodically sends a UUID as a universally unique identifier to "neighbor" devices and can track when turned on and not linked to any device. Beacons are small, energy efficient devices that can be battery powered for long periods of time (up to several years), and transmit broadcast signals over a low power bluetooth connection (BLE). The beacon transmits a signal at a fixed power (referred to as Tx power). As a signal propagates through air, the signal strength decreases with distance. The low energy signal may be captured by a nearby mobile device (smartphone, smart watch … …) enabled for bluetooth and detected by an application on the mobile device. The application may then process the signal captured from the beacon and transmit it to the cloud server via the internet. Based on the signal strength of the beacon received on the mobile device, the distance to the beacon can be calculated without the need to use GPS for locating the device with much lower power consumption and therefore greater autonomy. For example, it may be used to locate checkpoints for signage and spatial locations, as well as indoors (e.g., in hospitals) typically without GPS signal coverage, for locating people (patients and professionals, doctors, nurses, civil protection, police, volunteers, etc.), vehicles (e.g., ambulances, fire-fighting equipment, drones, etc.), or devices, such as medical devices, smart phones, and other electronic devices. The cloud server may then process this information and perform more detailed analysis based on the particular location of the user device.

Beacons may play two main roles: a periphery and a center. The purpose of the peripheral device is to stay in sleep mode as long as possible by saving the battery and sending data to the central device periodically. The central device has greater processing power and acts as a cloud or internet-linked device. Different protocols exist. For example, the Eddystone specification allows for awareness of the health status of beacons, such as level and battery life, which also allows for monitoring of beacons from cloud servers from applications installed on smart devices. Currently, there are bluetooth smart sensor beacons on the market that have a range of up to 1 kilometer in the field and an estimated battery life of 10 years and even longer.

On the other hand, regarding the identification of individuals and related organizations, it should be noted that patent ES2615815(PCT/ES2016/070428) allows a uniform registration of blood donors (and other types of blood donors) in the field of donations and a uniform unification of different identification cards of the same person. This universal health identifier is used in us application No. 16/169,126(PCT/ES2019/000062) for universal identification of individuals in the health field; and in U.S. application No. 16/452,598 for establishing a unified recognition protocol in training and health through multipurpose universal identifiers for individuals, organizations, services and devices (and others addressed by the present invention), and which may serve as a basis for achieving the objectives set forth in the present invention. In addition, legal identity identifiers (LEIs) and enterprise identifier codes (also known as BIC or SWIFT) may be used to identify legal entities in financial transactions.

In summary, and as a reference to the current state of the art, it should be noted that, although different standards, types of registration and identification systems are known on the market, at least in the applicant's respect, it is not known that there are any systems having technical and constituent features similar to those proposed by the present invention.

Disclosure of Invention

Small technologies (microelectronics, microsystems, microsensors, nanotechnology, smart tags.) along with the propagation of wireless networks and the connection of point-to-point devices (wireless, WLAN, bluetooth, infrared … …) allow the existence of extremely small interconnected computers with no cables that are nearly invisible to be integrated into any type of object. Using small sensors, these built-in processors can detect their surroundings, giving the subject the ability to process information and communicate themselves. It is a complete computerisation and interconnection of objects or "things" and also means the possibility of connecting almost any content to the internet. The development of wireless devices, modules (integrated in the solution of building new embedded devices) and terminals (stand-alone units connectable to other devices) can convert almost any object into a network connection object. This increases the degree of communication and collaboration with other "connected" objects, which may be considered "smart" if they extract knowledge from certain data to improve their response (without becoming "smart creatures"), and brings many possibilities for connection, communication and services for all individuals and systems using them.

Thus, devices referred to as "smart" are devices equipped with some processing capability, typically with the capability to connect to other devices or networks through different communication protocols (bluetooth, NFC, WiFi, 4G, etc.), and which may work somewhat interactively and autonomously. It may also refer to pervasive computing devices that exhibit some characteristics of pervasive computing (e.g., artificial intelligence).

Ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) refers to integrating computing into the human environment such that computers are not considered distinct objects. It may also be referred to as ambient intelligence, and from the actor's perspective, it is also referred to as an element of the internet of things (IoT), haptic computing, and even artificial intelligence. The internet of things (IoT) is the following scenario: objects, animals or humans have the ability to recognize and automatically transfer data over a network without the need for convergent human-to-human interactions or human interactions by means of wireless technologies, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and the internet.

Robots are types of physical artificial devices (electromechanical, biomechanical … …) or virtual (these are often referred to by the term robot), which are considered "intelligent" due to their processing and connection capabilities. In practice, it is typically an automated and programmable device or system capable of autonomously performing certain operations; it may be equipped with sensors that allow it to adapt to new situations and also connect with other devices or networks; it may be possible to replace human intervention in certain tasks, as well as to make it easier for humans to perform certain operations, such as surgical intervention or remote subject treatment.

Spatial objects, on the other hand, are defined by the INSPIRE (european commission) as abstract representations of real phenomena corresponding to a particular location or geographic area. Localization, which is understood as the relationship between a located concept and a geographical reference location or spatial object (a set of coordinates), is a common form of spatial reference.

The concept of localization is defined in the present invention as a spatially positionable object and can be directly related to both connected and/or smart devices and spatial objects, and indirectly related to individuals, organizational services, and the like. Spatially-positionable objects may be of one or more types: spatial location (a physical object represented by a set of coordinates or a defined area, such as a physical object represented by a vector map), which may integrate the connection or smart device provided in this way with a digital service; there are also connected or smart physical objects (e.g. RFID or bluetooth beacons, smart phones … …) or robots (electro-mechanical, biomechanical, automatic, remote operations … …) without excluding other types.

A spatially positionable object may thus be identified by a set of fixed or variable coordinates or vectors, may contain or be defined by one or more connected and/or smart devices, and may then thus be contained within another object (a root or parent object) as well as containing other objects (child objects). As non-limiting examples, the following may be cited: a smartphone is a spatially positionable object via a mobile phone connection, WiFi connection, bluetooth, or other connection; a certain area within a hospital is a spatially locatable object that can be referenced by predefined coordinates or by one or more bluetooth or RFID beacons, and which may have associated different medical devices and a smartphone for the patient and/or home; medical nano-robots are spatially positionable objects in a certain area within a patient's body and also in a certain area of the patient's hospital (laboratory, operating room. -.); an ambulance is a vehicle spatially located within another, such as a road, and may then contain other spatially locatable objects, such as connection or smart signaling devices (e.g., bluetooth beacons or RFID devices). Further, the program interprets that an authorized human user, through applications and computer systems, authorized services, authorized spatially-locatable objects (e.g., smart devices, connected machines, etc.), can send data and instructions to one or more spatially-locatable objects to establish actions and coordinate operations.

The present invention further states that the 1 spatially localizable object may contain information such as a list of objects and individuals that have authorized and/or accessed the object or its services, access to different services and/or different types of information for the object (e.g., public, private, emergency, regulatory information), the date and time of the access, and possibly other information; authentication may be by multi-factor authentication, and multi-factor authentication may be by reading a PIN code, QR or NFC code, and/or biometric data, etc., the multi-factor authentication being performed first in a specific spatially locatable object and then in a spatially locatable object of the individual, which may also be related to the first spatially locatable object; for example, access to a spatially-positionable object, such as a certain restricted area in a hospital, may be made through both a peripheral security device that is part of the restricted area (a sub-object of the spatially-positionable object) and a pre-authorized smartphone of an individual in the spatially-positionable object (also considered a sub-object of the first spatially-positionable object).

Spatially localizable objects may contain information about the processes performed and different information about these processes, such as who made a request to the object, who authorized the object (if approval is required), participants, tasks and results performed, products obtained or manufactured (if applicable), and possibly other information; these processes refer to information inside or outside the DID document as public, private, emergency and/or regulatory information, etc., and may be linked to different identifiers, such as medical procedure identifiers, biological product identifiers, without excluding other identifiers.

The invention of the present descriptive memory relates to a program that unifies global registration and universal identification of spatially locatable objects (e.g., smartphones, smartwatches, IoT devices, robots, buildings, vehicles, roads, rivers, or mountains) and related individuals and organizations and associated insurance under each situation (e.g., health, life, or others); the aim of the invention is to achieve a unification of the identification of these objects in all systems and territories, with a main aim, without excluding other embodiments, to improve the care and support of people in their health care and emergency and disaster situations and to help provide services.

In particular, the present invention is directed to a procedure, as mentioned before, the purpose of which is to achieve a unification of the identification of spatially localizable objects (devices and spatial objects or locations) and related individuals and organizations and related insurance data in each case, in all systems and territories, for optimal care and serving of individuals, for example emergency and disaster, without excluding others, in order to facilitate access to information and localization in a unified way between different systems by appropriate access to this information; and facilitating personalized care, support and treatment of individuals, whereby this identifier is composed in code in the format of URN UUID, OID and DID (without discarding the others), which is deposited and stored in a database of a computer system accessible by different authorized parties in one or more domains.

The invention therefore proposes to allow the following unified registration and development of a generic identification program:

using a unique, non-transferable identifier to register and identify or locate a spatially localizable object.

The life cycle of the management space locatable object.

Enabling data interoperability between different identifiers and systems to identify spatially locatable objects and their related users and organizations and associated insurance.

At any given time, identification and location of objects and devices in an area, as well as personal and other data related to the objects and devices, is quickly and conveniently obtained.

Facilitating the identification and localization of these objects and devices and individuals, as well as the access to data, in case of emergencies and disasters.

The present invention presents advantages and features, which will be described in detail below, which represent improvements over the current state of the art.

Drawings

The achievements in this document should be better understood by referring to the following detailed description of the drawings, in which:

fig. 1 shows, using a block diagram, an operational flow scheme of a program for unified registration and universal identification in at least two operational phases according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The proposed invention relates to a program for the uniform registration and universal identification of spatially locatable objects, to achieve a uniform identification of these objects in all systems and territories and to facilitate access to data related thereto, such as spatial location, individuals and organizations related thereto and associated insurance in each case, to improve care and service delivery to persons, and to serve as a utility in emergency and disaster situations, without excluding other possible uses.

U.S. application No. 16/452,598 describes a protocol to universally identify individuals, organizations, services, and devices (among others) for training and health through multipurpose universal identifiers, and also establish how to access this data anywhere after authorization. By its application, the invention presented herein can universally identify individuals, organizations, services, and devices, not only for training and health, but also for other purposes, and thus, can universally identify those (individuals, organizations, services, and devices) that are associated with a particular spatially localizable object, as well as gain access to certain data associated with the individual, organization, service, or device.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to facilitate registration and identification of these spatially locatable objects (e.g., roads, hospitals, homes, smart phones, tablet computers, smart watches, IoT devices, smart land, aerial vehicles, etc.) to enable interoperability among spatial locations in any territory, different types of devices, and computer systems to facilitate access to the information and location of objects, and the provision of assistance and services, in a unified manner, by unifying identifiers, registering and accessing these objects and the data of individuals and related organizations; it also allows to know some data of the object (e.g. X-UHC-DEV identifier, local space object or location identifier, zone associated with it or located, license, manufacturer, model and serial number of the manufacturer, legal registration of the object, transfer of ownership, user, insurance, proof of payment, provided service, etc.) and owner or associated user (e.g. individual and organised multipurpose identifier, tax identifier, health insurance, identity document without discarding any additional data); consists of this procedure in a spatially unique and non-transitionable locatable object identifier, which is executed by using UUID, OID and DID formats (without discarding others)); this identifier is deposited and stored in a database of a computer system accessible by different authorized parties from one or more territories by establishing and controlling the access rights necessary for each case; this identifier has associated with it certain information, such as public, private, regulatory and/or emergency information, such as the identity registered with the regulatory authority on which it depends, identifiers and data of the relevant insurance (e.g. expiry date and proof of payment), the model or type of the object, other identifiers such as the above, and identifiers of its components (memory module identifier, MAC identifier of WiFi and bluetooth cards, UUID identifier … … of bluetooth or RFID), and possibly other information.

On the other hand, biopharmaceuticals and other medical devices are likely to be recognized by the body as foreign substances and thus have an inherent ability to induce unwanted immune responses. For example, in the case of smart biomedical devices (e.g., smart pills, etc.), these devices may be created specifically for the treatment of a particular individual. Us application No. 16/169,126(PCT/ES2019/000062) establishes a unified global registration and universal identification of bio-sourced products for pharmaceutical purposes, as well as the storage of public and private data of the products, such that in the case of intelligent medical devices (e.g. nanotrobotes) that have been manufactured with bio-sourced products, the invention will be used in the invention proposed herein to register and identify products with bio-content for pharmaceutical purposes, thereby establishing in the system of the invention a unique relationship between a spatially locatable object identifier and a bio-product identifier for pharmaceutical purposes.

Through its proper implementation, the invention presented herein allows for the understanding of the identification and access of certain data of different spatially positionable objects, e.g., the object's vector data, laws or regulations, property, data of individuals (e.g., owners or users), organizations, devices, services, payments, and related insurance, etc., before, during, and after the request for care or initiation of assistance, independent of the type, model, and technology of the object, the manufacturer, the regulatory agency, the type of connection it uses, etc., to assist in the care and support of individuals and to provide services and enable certain operations.

Thanks to the communication system (WiFi, bluetooth, RFID, 5G, etc.), the sensors integrated into robots, smart phones, roads and vehicles, etc. are able to communicate with each other and by means of the proposed invention it is possible to quickly and practically perform the identification of spatially locatable objects (e.g. nearby or detected objects) and to access and/or request access to data related thereto. For example, medical nano-robots, interconnected vehicles, drones, etc. may improve their operation in a practical and efficient manner.

As described, the proposed invention thus allows for the unified and universal identification of spatially locatable objects and entities and individuals related to these objects and the associated insurance in each case for better attention and service provision. Thus, with the unified registration and identifiers proposed by the present invention, a spatially locatable object can automatically detect the presence (presence/existence) of other objects (within the active radius) in the nearby environment of a particular area or route, sending notifications and/or instructions in one-way (one-way communication) or two-way by exchanging their identifiers for passing notifications, data and instructions between them, allowing the possibility of generating notifications to different interested parties and including connections between them.

By means of a non-limiting example, by using the procedure proposed by the invention, an automatic vehicle, such as a smartphone, located at or close to the route, can be alerted to the need to pass an emergency vehicle on a certain route, even before the journey begins, so that it can leave the free passage even before the emergency vehicle is detected by its acoustic signal, and can learn in real time the expected arrival time, alerting drivers and police to this (e.g. traffic management).

Also as a non-limiting example of what is proposed by the present invention, by using a spatially locatable object identifier in an application on a crashed vehicle or smartphone or smartwatch, and using bluetooth technology and/or other technologies such as 5G or WiFi, the spatially locatable object can be used as a beacon before, during and after an emergency or disaster, so that services such as emergency, civil protection, fire fighters, police, etc. can detect the location of the signal object and/or object and uniquely identify the object and one or more persons related or associated therewith and notify medical services and corresponding insurance where appropriate; all this is achieved by the object of the present invention to provide a unified global registration and universal identification of spatially locatable objects and different relevant parts, e.g. a bluetooth communication card of a personal smart phone/smart watch, which is associated with a proposed spatially locatable object identifier in the database of the computer system of the invention and an X-UHC-DEV device identifier of the us 16/452,598 of the invention, and this spatially locatable object identifier will in turn be related to a multipurpose identifier of the individual, so that emergency data shared by users for this purpose can be accessed by the individual's multipurpose identifier (e.g. blood type, emergency contacts and other relevant medical data).

The following describes a broader example of the invention intended to be implemented: within a conventional time period, the spatially locatable object identifier is sent from the user's smart device (e.g., smartphone, smartwatch, or smart vehicle) by authorizing it to one or more databases (distributed and/or centralized) in the cloud that perform the collection of this data for prevention and use in emergency and disaster situations, as well as the location of the device and the location of the associated entity or person. At some point, the civil protection service detects a serious event (e.g., a fire, earthquake, tornado, or flood hazard) in a given area. Using the spatially locatable object identifiers, the civil protection service can query a database accessible by different authorized services, screen its coverage areas or consulting authorities and/or affected areas or related spatially locatable objects, locate demographics on a map, identify devices associated with individuals as well as citizens, volunteers and professionals (medical and nursing staff, fire fighters, civil defense, civil protection, etc.) of the area. The civil protection service can send alerts to objects located in the area according to the type of object to take different actions and monitor the movement and displacement of population and professionals in real time. In this way, the present invention allows for help in decision making and better management of resources, prevention and notification of populations, and appropriate action to be taken. The present invention also allows for the detection of the location of the influencers and/or survivors by GPS geolocation, WiFi, LPWAN, bluetooth, or other means, such as by manned scout flight (e.g., helicopter or light aircraft) or unmanned scout flight (drone, etc.), obtaining identifiers of the detected spatially locatable objects (e.g., bluetooth UUIDs from the influencers), and consulting the accessible database according to the present invention for certain information about these identifiers, such as identifiers corresponding to bluetooth devices, entities and related individuals, as well as other related data, such as medical data for emergency situations.

Other achievements are equally applicable for accident prevention. For example, different driving assistance programs (maps) may learn about vehicles traveling on spatially positionable objects (e.g., roads) in a uniform manner, regardless of the navigation system, manufacturer, or vehicle type. Additionally, by incorporating technology such as bluetooth or other technology, beacons may be included in traffic signals, poles, along roads (kilometer point signals), or others, to be detected by devices in the vehicles and to learn the location of the vehicles and other nearby vehicles, visually indicating the presence of vehicles or other vehicles that may interfere with the route (e.g., at intersections) or vice versa (e.g., on very low visibility bi-directional roads).

Another example of the present invention is to know the needs of the owners and residents in the areas affected by the disaster for medical conditions in terms of civil protection services and insurance companies based on the emergency data of the affected individuals, the goods affected in the areas, and the insurance data of the individuals and goods. By using an application on the user's mobile device, the user can send his status (trapped, injured, pain in certain parts of the body, etc.) using a connection (bluetooth, WiFi, LoRa network, 3G/4G/5G or other connection) and can share relevant medical data (medications, diagnosed diseases, etc.) to conduct medical triage from the emergency center and to better manage the available care and resources. Also, with application of this purpose, emergency services can provide advice to people located in an area or route, inform field hospitals of location, drinking water points, and even organize the delivery of drugs and food to affected people's locations by vehicles (land, unmanned, etc.).

In more detail, it should be noted that the procedure for unified global registration and universal identification of spatially locatable objects will generate a unique and non-transitive public identifier, preferably in UUID format, recorded in at least one OID, with associated DID and DID documents, and this identifier will be stored as other identifier and related data in one or more centralized and/or distributed databases. The DID document should contain public, private and optionally information from the relevant regulatory authorities. For example, if it is a spatial object, such as property (housing, land, garage … …), the associated DID document may contain location information, such as address, geographic coordinates and cadastral references (regulatory agency data), owners and users (e.g., tenants and other people who may live or register in the house), property insurance data (insurers, period and payment information, and other data), floor plans and other information about them (height, square meters, public areas, etc.), material contained and/or applied, belonging to another locatable object (e.g., building, street, place … …) without discarding other information. The DID document will also contain a list of services and corresponding URIs in HTTP format to access the data and services associated with the generated identifiers.

It should be noted that this common identifier can be marked as obsolete and can also be replaced by a new identifier, marking an old obsolete identifier and pointing to the new identifier when applicable, changing the associated DID identifier and/or DID document so that it can continue to be referenced and accessed without being reused for another object. For example, in the event of a change by the owner or user, the public identifier may be changed by the authority (e.g., as if the license plate of the vehicle were associated with the chassis number). If an object or device belongs to another spatially locatable object, then a transaction made when the identifier changes will notify the relevant object, person and organization of the change. The old identifier will be discarded and may be redirected, for example, to a new identifier or a governing authority.

Private information may contain associated user or owner information as well as information from different identifiers associated with the object. For example, in the case of spatial objects such as particular areas within a building, a list of allowed or authenticated users may be contained, as well as other related spatially locatable objects; in the case of robotic, connected, or smart devices, the private information may contain different associated identifiers, such as product identifiers and different components (bluetooth, Wi-Fi, etc.) as well as other spatially locatable objects.

Such identifiers, as well as the data associated with the identifiers in the DID document and access rights to this data (public, private, emergency, administration … …), will be authenticated in one or more DLTs or blockchain networks to ensure that the data is not more modifiable. DID documents may refer to other documents with public, private, emergency or regulatory information, which may also be stored on one or more DLTs or blockchain networks. Depending on the rights defined in the system by the DID document and the certification to verify it using blockchain techniques, different authorized parties will be able to access public data as well as private, emergency and regulatory data, without excluding other alternatives. This is done through an access control list or ACL, where different permissions are collected for each user and group of users (person/organization or group of persons/organizations). By computing the hash function, the content of the information contained in the DID document (data, permissions, document content, etc.) will be sealed to ensure that the data is not more modifiable over one or more blockchain networks, so that it can be verified that the data contained and retrieved from the DID document is authentic, error-free, and has not undergone any unauthorized modification. In the event that the hash does not match the received data, the parties are notified of the situation to take the necessary action to resolve the problem.

A program for unified global registration and universal recognition of spatially-locatable objects and different relevant parts preferably employs: a unified identification protocol in training and health, combined with unified registration and identification of donors of legal identity identifiers (LEI) and Business Identifier Codes (BIC) for universal identification of individuals, organizations, services and devices, for data verification and access to relevant data, etc.; unified registration and universal identification of biological products, also for pharmaceutical purposes, to identify spatially-positionable medical devices containing derivatives of biological products and related parties.

The proposed invention is therefore configured to be novel within its scope in that the objects mentioned above are satisfactorily achieved according to its embodiments, the details of which are expediently collected in the claims.

The described invention essentially comprises the following:

generate unique non-transitionable identifiers for each spatially localizable object in the format of URN UUID, OID and DID, without discarding the others.

Create DID documents associated with the generated identifiers.

Associate different objects with the user/owner identifier.

Assign rights and create Access Control Lists (ACLs).

Create an encryption key associated with the ACL.

Saving data, service identifiers and other associated identifiers in the DID document, and the rights needed to access the object data.

Generate a digital fingerprint using a hashing algorithm to seal the data and the identifier, and perform a digital signature.

Storing the associated data and hashes in one or more blockchain networks.

It should be noted that the generic identifier of an object is generated by an organization or user through an application or service, or by an administrative authority through an application or service as well, and is generated by a computer system specifically configured for this purpose.

This allows on the one hand unified identification of spatially locatable objects by institutions and users (humans or services) as licensed, and on the other hand unified identification by other spatially locatable objects, such as nearby smart devices or other related objects, as well as knowledge of the location of the objects. The corresponding details of each particular object are accessible by means of the data associated with each spatially locatable object and the corresponding necessary permissions collected in the DID document. Additionally, a notification may be sent to one or more related objects, individuals, and/or organizations in which related information exists.

If the DID document contains data that has been added by an individual/organization, the entered data may optionally be verified as authentic, for example, after notifying and/or capturing information from different organizations such as manufacturers and regulatory bodies, and after updating the data collected in the DID document as verified data, for example, by a regulatory body with rights to modify the object data.

From the described figures, and from the numbering adopted therein, it can be seen how the invention basically comprises the following stages and steps:

in a first stage (a):

(i) generating, by an application or service and a computer system configured for the purpose, a generic, unique and non-transitionable identifier for a spatially locatable object in the URN UUID, OID and DID formats or in other embodiments;

(ii) generating, by a computer system, a DID document associated with a DID identifier, the DID document containing rights (ACL) and service lists, associated data (public, private and one or more other regulatory bodies) and hashes of the data;

(iii) storing data and hashes associated with DID documents in one or more centralized and/or distributed databases (DLTs or blockchains);

in a second stage (B):

(iv) identifying an object or any of its components in the system (e.g., bluetooth, WiFi, spatial object or other communication device) by means of an identifier generated for accessing details of the object by another object, person or other system through an application or service for that purpose;

(v) identifying different objects present or detected in a given location and/or related to another object by means of a universal identifier generated in the system for each of the objects;

(vi) the recognition result of the one or more objects is transmitted through the communication network.

Further, optionally, the invention covers in the use phase:

vii) directly requesting data and/or a list of services from the object;

(viii) receiving a list of data and/or services from an object;

(ix) requesting data related to the object from an external data source (e.g., a manufacturer or regulatory agency, etc.);

x) receiving data related to the object from an external data source.

Optionally, the present invention further comprises:

xi) automatically detecting the presence of a spatially localizable object (within the radius of motion);

(xii) A notification is sent to the subject and to the user, owner or organization associated therewith indicating the reason and urgency.

Finally, optionally, the present invention further comprises:

(xiii) Upon obtaining data from a reliable external data source (e.g., a regulatory body) and/or verifying on one or more DLTs or blockchain networks, verifying that the data associated with a given object is authentic;

(xiv) Once the authenticity of the object data has been verified, a connection to the object is established.

Thus, the described unified identifier of a spatially-locatable object is composed of objects of heretofore unknown characteristics, for its intended purpose, the reasons along with its practical usefulness provide a sufficient basis for obtaining the exclusive privilege requested.

Each of the steps described herein may be performed using a general purpose computing device, such as a personal computer, a personal digital assistant, and/or a computing device in communication with a network (e.g., the internet, an intranet, or an extranet), including memory and a set of instructions, i.e., logic specifically scripted to perform the functions, steps, communications, and data manipulations described herein. Since the present invention is not limited to any particular set of instructions, such as code, which may be used to implement one or more aspects of the present invention, and since methods of instructing such computing devices to perform such functions, steps, communications, and data manipulations are clearly known to those skilled in the art, further details of such particular set of instructions will not be provided herein so as not to obscure the present invention. Although one or more of the functions, steps, communications, and data manipulations may be performed by hand or by a computer implemented set of instructions, the present invention is not limited to any one subcombination thereof. Data collection can be performed manually, in a semi-automated fashion (e.g., provided to a person who then enters the data into the memory of the computing device), or in a fully automated fashion (e.g., a customer directly interacts with the computing device to enter the data into the memory of the computer). As will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art, the invention also includes the use of multiple computing devices over a communications network, including the use of removable storage media to transfer data between devices, including computing devices through which data is input by any one human user other than the computing device implementing the decision-making instruction set.

It is to be understood, however, that even though numerous characteristics and advantages of the present invention have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with details of the structure and function of the invention, this disclosure is illustrative only. Changes may be made in detail, especially in matters of shape, size, and arrangement of the parts within the principles of the invention to the full extent indicated by the broad general meaning of the terms in which the appended claims are expressed.

The nature of the invention and the manner of putting it into effect are described sufficiently, that it is not necessary to explain it more extensively, in order to enable any expert in the field to understand the scope of the invention and the advantages obtained from it, and to point out that within the essential scope of the invention, the invention may be put into practice in other implementations that differ in detail from the implementations indicated by way of example, and that the invention will also fulfill the protection sought, without changing, modifying or modifying its basic principle.

Claims (16)

1. A program for unified global registration and universal recognition of spatially localized objects and different relevant parts, wherein it comprises:

a computer system comprised of a computing processor, an operating computer readable memory, a database for data storage, a network, and a display communication device configured to generate unique and non-transitive identifiers of spatially localizable objects; and

two operating phases a and B;

in a first stage (a):

(i) generating, by an application or service and a computer system configured for the purpose, a generic, unique and non-transitionable identifier for a spatially locatable object in the URN UUID, OID and DID formats or in other embodiments;

(ii) generating, by the computer system, a DID document associated with the generated identifier, the DID document containing rights (ACLs) and service lists, associated data, and a hash of the data; and

(iii) storing the DID document, the data in the document, and the hash associated with the document in one or more centralized and/or distributed databases;

in a second stage (B):

(iv) identifying the object or any of its components (e.g. bluetooth, WiFi or other communication means) by means of an identifier generated for accessing details of the object in the system by another object, person or other computer system through an application or service for this purpose;

(v) identifying different objects present or detected in a given location and/or related to another object by means of a universal identifier generated in the system for each of the objects; and

(vi) the recognition result of the one or more objects is transmitted through the communication network.

2. The program of claim 1, wherein the spatially locatable object identifier is uniquely associated with a DID document and is also associated with other object identifiers, for example because the object is part of another object or because the object contains other objects (sub-objects); further it may be associated with one or more local identifiers for one or more different regulatory agencies and/or regions, manufacturers or standards, or the like; the identifier has one or more states, such as valid, expired, revoked, or rejected, while other states are not discarded.

3. The program of claim 1, wherein all or part of object information is contained within the DID document containing one or more identifiers of persons, organizations and/or entities related to the spatially localizable objects; another part of the information about the object can be obtained through services provided by the object itself and also through external services such as a regulatory body or through one or more DLTs or blockchain networks.

4. The program of claim 1, wherein the DID document contains: public, private, specific information for each of the regulatory agencies in each territory and/or for emergency situations without discarding any possible information; a list of services and corresponding URI addresses in HTTP format to access the services, and information about the objects, such as object location (e.g. coordinates, vector maps, cadastral references), data of individuals and related organizations (owner, tenant), insurance related to the objects (insurer, proof of payment, period), ownership changes, access rights, etc.; the content in the DID document is digitally sealed by computing a hash function and storing obtained hash values in one or more DTLs or blockchain networks in a non-limiting manner to prove that the content of the DID document has not been altered or corrupted.

5. The procedure according to claim 1, wherein it preferably uses: a uniform identification protocol in training and health, combined with uniform registration and identification of donors (blood, plasma, platelets and other types) for said universal identification of individuals, organizations, services and devices, legal identity identifiers (LEIs) and enterprise identifier codes (called BIC or SWIFT), for data verification and access to relevant data, etc.; the unified registration and universal identification of biological products, also for pharmaceutical purposes, to identify spatially-positionable medical devices containing derivatives of biological products and related parties.

6. The program of claim 1, wherein data communication with the computer system and with the object is conducted over a secure network (e.g., VPN) or over an insecure network such as the internet using a secure communication protocol such as HTTPS; an HTTP header for sending information, such as the identifier of the object and a JWT token; the JWT token is used as a token generated after successful authentication, and it optionally contains roles and permissions after verification of authentication; in addition, for the secure exchange use of data: decentralized identities (e.g., super ledger, indoy or Aries), credentials, e.g., credentials generated by a super ledger structure, symmetric or asymmetric key encryption (public and private key pairs), and other possibilities; access to certain data, such as private, regulatory or emergency data, is made by using rights control with Access Control Lists (ACLs) and Role Based Access Control Systems (RBACs).

7. The process of claim 1, wherein it further comprises:

(vii) sending data to an object (to be done, updated or otherwise data-wise operated) or requesting data from an object (information, service list of objects or otherwise), directly to said object or from an organization or individual (owner, regulatory agency or otherwise) allowed to do so through said system;

(viii) receiving data from the object (information, operations to be performed, service list of the object or others), directly from the object itself or from an organization or user through the system that allows it to perform;

(ix) sending data related to the object or the requested data to an external data source (e.g., a manufacturer or regulatory agency, etc.); and

(x) Data related to the object is received from an external data source.

8. The program of claim 1 wherein spatially locatable objects record information in one or more databases (internal and/or external) as information regarding the location of the objects and associated objects, and the like, such registered data being included within one or more types of data, such as public, private, regulatory, and/or emergency data, for use by the objects themselves and other objects or entities related to the objects and having rights to access the data.

9. The process of claim 1, wherein it further comprises:

(xi) Automatically detecting the presence of a spatially localizable object within an active radius (by detection by the object in the environment or by detection of a nearby object executing in the system);

(xii) Sending a notification to the subject and to a user, owner or organization associated therewith, indicating a cause and urgency;

(xiii) Verifying that data relating to a particular object is authentic, for example by checking it into a reliable data source such as a regulatory authority, or by verifying the authenticity of this data in a DLT or blockchain; and

(xiv) Establishing a connection to the object once the authenticity of the object data has been verified.

10. The program according to claim 1, wherein data and instructions are sent to or received from said objects, in each particular case by means of appropriate security measures, to perform certain operations by means of the services of the objects specified in the DID document available to the objects or in the system (without excluding other possible specifications, for example in an organization or in a regulatory body).

11. Program according to claim 1, wherein if a DID document associated with an individual or an external data source referred to by the DID document contains an individual identifier or a reference to personal data allowing this identification and obtaining related data from the identifier of a spatially locatable object, the personal data allowing for such identification, e.g. in case of emergency and natural disaster, a universal donor identifier allowing access to necessary information such as blood type and other related health data.

12. The program of claim 1 wherein a spatially locatable object sends information to both emergency/civil protection services and to another spatially locatable object, such as a robot or smart device whose owner is an emergency/civil protection service, either automatically upon the occurrence of a particular event or manually through the intervention of the user and/or its owner or legal guardian, without discarding other information, the information including its own identifier, data manually provided by the user, data preprogrammed to be shared and sent under particular circumstances, and optionally, identification and personal data of the user, owner and/or legal guardian.

13. The program of claim 1, wherein from a service of spatially locatable objects, such as implemented by means of a REST API, the program identifies all of the spatially locatable objects relevant to a program from their corresponding identifiers, and establishes communications and sends notifications to all or some of them.

14. The program of claim 1, authorized human users send data and instructions to one or more spatially-locatable objects through applications and computer systems, authorized services, authorized spatially-locatable objects, such as smart devices, connected machines, etc., to establish actions and coordinate operations.

15. The program of claim 1, wherein a spatially locatable object may contain information such as a list of objects and individuals that have authorized and/or accessed the object or its services, access to different services and/or different types of information (e.g., public, private, emergency, regulatory information) for the object, the date and time of those accesses, and possibly other information; the authentication can be by multi-factor authentication, and the multi-factor authentication can be by reading a PIN code, QR or NFC code, and/or biometric data, etc., the multi-factor authentication first being performed in a specific spatially locatable object and then in a spatially locatable object of the individual, which can also be related to the first spatially locatable object; for example, the access to a spatially localizable object, such as a certain restricted area in a hospital, can be made through both a peripheral security device that is part of the restricted area (a sub-object of the spatially localizable object) and a pre-authorized smartphone of an individual in the spatially localizable object (also considered as a sub-object of the first spatially localizable object).

16. A program according to claim 1, wherein a spatially localizable object may contain information about the processes performed and different information about these processes, such as who made a request to the object, who authorized the object (if approval is required), participants, tasks and results performed, products obtained or manufactured (if applicable), and possibly other information; these processes refer to information inside or outside the DID document as public, private, emergency, and/or regulatory information, etc., and may be linked to different identifiers, such as medical process identifiers, biological product identifiers, without excluding other identifiers.