CN114400851A - Small-sized hydroelectric generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator - Google Patents
Small-sized hydroelectric generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN114400851A CN114400851A CN202111667606.7A CN202111667606A CN114400851A CN 114400851 A CN114400851 A CN 114400851A CN 202111667606 A CN202111667606 A CN 202111667606A CN 114400851 A CN114400851 A CN 114400851A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2793—Rotors axially facing stators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a small hydroelectric generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator which comprises a first rotor, a first magnet adjusting block group, a stator, a second magnet adjusting block group and a second rotor, wherein the first rotor, the first magnet adjusting block group, the stator, the second magnet adjusting block group and the second rotor are coaxially and sequentially arranged; air gaps are reserved between the first rotor and the first magnet adjusting block group, between the first magnet adjusting block group and the stator, between the stator and the second magnet adjusting block group and between the second magnet adjusting block group and the second rotor. The magnetic flux generator solves the problems of low magnetic flux regulating efficiency, low voltage regulating flexibility, poor heat dissipation capability and the like of the conventional hybrid excitation axial magnetic flux generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of axial magnetic flux permanent magnet generators, and relates to a small hydroelectric power generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator.
Background
Hydroelectric power generation is the world's largest renewable energy source of power generation, and with the continuous development of hydroelectric power generation technology, the requirements on the performance of generators, such as power generation efficiency, power density, voltage fluctuation, etc., are also higher and higher. The hybrid excitation generator has the advantages of high power density of the permanent magnet excitation generator and adjustable output voltage of the electric excitation generator, and has wide application prospect in the field of hydroelectric generation.
The axial magnetic flux hybrid excitation generator combines the characteristics of a hybrid excitation generator and an axial magnetic flux permanent magnet motor, has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, high space utilization rate, good robustness, high generating efficiency, high power density, convenient heat dissipation and the like, is very suitable for the field of hydroelectric generation, but has low magnetic regulation efficiency and inflexible air gap magnetic field regulation, continuous magnetic regulation current needs to be applied to electric excitation, the loss is large, the further improvement of the generating efficiency and the power density is limited, and the heat dissipation capability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small hydroelectric power generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator, which solves the problems of low magnetic flux regulating efficiency, low voltage regulating flexibility, poor heat dissipation capacity and the like of the conventional mixed excitation axial magnetic flux generator.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the small hydroelectric generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator comprises a first rotor, a first magnet adjusting block group, a stator, a second magnet adjusting block group and a second rotor which are coaxially and sequentially arranged; air gaps are reserved between the first rotor and the first magnet adjusting block group, between the first magnet adjusting block group and the stator, between the stator and the second magnet adjusting block group and between the second magnet adjusting block group and the second rotor.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the structure of first rotor and second rotor is the same and about stator central symmetry, all includes eight neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, and eight neodymium iron boron permanent magnet A connect gradually and constitute the ring form, and the equal antipolarity table of eight neodymium iron boron permanent magnet A pastes on the annular rotor back iron of circle, and the stator setting is kept away from to the rotor back iron.
The first magnet adjusting block group and the second magnet adjusting block group are identical in structure and symmetrical about the center of the stator, and each of the first magnet adjusting block group and the second magnet adjusting block group comprises twenty-four magnet adjusting blocks which are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference to form a circular ring shape.
The stator comprises a stator middle unit, and two sides of the stator middle unit are respectively symmetrically provided with a stator side unit;
each stator side unit comprises twelve stator teeth and twelve neodymium iron boron permanent magnets B, the stator teeth and the neodymium iron boron permanent magnets B are alternately arranged to form a circular ring, and a centralized pulse coil B and a centralized armature coil are wound on each stator tooth.
The middle unit of the stator comprises twelve alnico permanent magnets A and twelve fan-shaped stator cores, the alnico permanent magnets A and the fan-shaped stator cores are alternately arranged to form a circular ring shape, alnico permanent magnets B are symmetrically attached to the surfaces of two sides of each fan-shaped stator core, and a centralized pulse coil A is wound on each alnico permanent magnet B.
Each neodymium iron boron permanent magnet B and each alnico permanent magnet A are magnetized tangentially, and each alnico permanent magnet B is magnetized axially.
The magnetizing directions of the adjacent Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets B are opposite.
Each stator tooth is in a salient pole structure.
The beneficial effect of the invention is that,
(1) the small hydroelectric power generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator has the advantages that the stator is of a layered axial topological structure, the structure is compact, the size is small, the power density is high, the heat dissipation is convenient, the magnetization direction and the level of the AlNiCo permanent magnet A are easy to change by controlling the magnitude and the direction of current on the centralized pulse coil B, the air gap magnetic field is flexible and adjustable, the centralized pulse coil B does not need to apply continuous magnetic regulation current, the magnetic regulation efficiency is high, and the loss is small;
(2) according to the small hydroelectric generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet B and the alnico permanent magnet A are magnetized in a tangential direction, the alnico permanent magnet B is magnetized in an axial direction, the magnetizing directions of the adjacent neodymium iron boron permanent magnets B are opposite, and the stator teeth are of a salient pole structure, so that a magnetism gathering effect can be generated, and the air gap magnetic flux density is effectively improved;
(3) the small hydroelectric generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator is provided with the first magnet adjusting block group and the second magnet adjusting block group, and can modulate magnetic fields generated by permanent magnets at the stator side, the first rotor side and the second rotor side, so that the magnetic fields of the stator side, the first rotor side and the second rotor side are effectively coupled, the utilization rate of the permanent magnets is improved, and the efficiency and the power density of the generator are further improved;
(4) according to the small hydroelectric generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator, the stator teeth are wound with the centralized pulse coil B, the centralized pulse coil B can be used as an armature winding to participate in power generation when the magnetism is not adjusted, the working efficiency of the generator is improved, the centralized pulse coil B and the centralized pulse coil A can be mutually standby when the generator is magnetized, and the two sets of pulse coils can be independently controlled, so that the fault tolerance of the generator is improved;
(5) according to the small hydroelectric generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet A reversed polarity surface is attached to the annular rotor back iron, so that the utilization rate of generator materials can be improved, and the power density of the generator is further improved;
(6) the small hydroelectric power generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator has the advantages that the centralized armature coils on the two stator side units are connected in series or in parallel, so that the generator can be operated cooperatively to generate power, can be operated and controlled independently, and is flexible and convenient to use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a small hydroelectric stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a layered structure of a stator in the small hydroelectric stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the magnetization increasing operation of the small hydroelectric power generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the demagnetization operation of the small hydroelectric power generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator.
In the figure, 1, a first rotor, 2, a first magnet adjusting block group, 3, a stator, 4, a second magnet adjusting block group, 5, a second rotor, 6, rotor back iron, 7, an NdFeB permanent magnet A, 8, a magnet adjusting block, 9, stator teeth, 10, an NdFeB permanent magnet B, 11, an AlNiCo permanent magnet A, 12, a fan-shaped stator core, 13, a centralized pulse coil A, 14, an AlNiCo permanent magnet B, 15, a centralized pulse coil B, 16, a centralized armature coil, 17, a first air gap and 18, a second air gap are arranged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a small hydroelectric generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator, which has a structure shown in figure 1 and comprises a first rotor 1, a first magnet adjusting block group 2, a stator 3, a second magnet adjusting block group 4 and a second rotor 5 which are coaxially and sequentially arranged; air gaps are reserved between the first rotor 1 and the first magnet adjusting block group 2, between the first magnet adjusting block group 2 and the stator 3, between the stator 3 and the second magnet adjusting block group 4 and between the second magnet adjusting block group 4 and the second rotor 5, and iron cores in the first rotor 1, the stator 3 and the second rotor 5 are all of a disc-type topological structure, so that the space utilization rate of the generator is improved, and further the power density is improved.
First rotor 1 and second rotor 5's the same and about 3 centrosymmetries of stator, all include eight neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 7, eight neodymium iron boron permanent magnet A7 connect gradually and constitute the ring form, eight neodymium iron boron permanent magnet A7 equal antipolarity table pastes on the ring form, and stator 3 setting is kept away from to rotor back iron 6.
The first magnet adjusting block group 2 and the second magnet adjusting block group 4 are identical in structure and symmetrical with respect to the center of the stator 3, and each of the first magnet adjusting block group and the second magnet adjusting block group comprises twenty-four magnet adjusting blocks 8, and the twenty-four magnet adjusting blocks 8 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference to form a circular ring shape; a first air gap 17 is arranged between the first adjusting magnet block group 2 and the NdFeB permanent magnet A7, and a second air gap 18 is arranged between the first adjusting magnet block group 2 and the stator side edge unit.
As shown in fig. 2, the stator 3 adopts a layered structure, and specifically includes a stator middle unit, and two sides of the stator middle unit are respectively symmetrically provided with stator side units;
each stator side unit comprises twelve stator teeth 9 and twelve neodymium iron boron permanent magnets B10, each stator tooth 9 is of a salient pole structure, the stator teeth 9 and the neodymium iron boron permanent magnets B10 are alternately arranged to form a circular ring shape, each neodymium iron boron permanent magnet B10 is magnetized in a tangential direction, the magnetizing directions of the adjacent neodymium iron boron permanent magnets B10 are opposite, and air gap magnetic density is enhanced; concentrated pulse coils B15 and concentrated armature coils 16 are wound on each stator tooth 9, the concentrated armature coils 16 on the two stator side units are connected in series or in parallel, twenty-four concentrated armature coils 16 in the two stator side units form a three-phase armature winding of the stator 3, and the two stator side units are arranged in a back-to-back mode, namely the stator teeth 9 and the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets B10 in the two stator side units are arranged close to the middle unit of the stator.
The stator middle unit comprises twelve alnico permanent magnets A11 and twelve fan-shaped stator cores 12, the alnico permanent magnets A11 and the fan-shaped stator cores 12 are alternately arranged to form a circular ring shape, alnico permanent magnets B14 are symmetrically attached to the surfaces of two sides of each fan-shaped stator core 12, each alnico permanent magnet A11 is magnetized in a tangential direction, each alnico permanent magnet B14 is magnetized in an axial direction, and a centralized pulse coil A13 is wound on each alnico permanent magnet B14.
The small hydroelectric power generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator changes the magnetization level and the magnetization direction of the AlNiCo permanent magnet A11 and the AlNiCo permanent magnet B14 by applying pulse current to the centralized pulse coil A13 or the centralized pulse coil B15, and has flexible adjustment of an air gap magnetic field and high magnetic regulation efficiency; the stator 3 adopts a layered structure to enable the motor to have good heat dissipation capacity, and the first magnet adjusting block group 2 and the second magnet adjusting block group 4 among the stator, the first rotor 1 and the third rotor 3 can be coupled with the permanent magnet fields on the sides of the stator, the first rotor 1 and the third rotor 3, so that the air gap flux density is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the magnetization operation principle diagram of the small hydroelectric stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator of the present invention is shown, the solid line with arrows represents the path of the magnetic flux generated by the ndfeb permanent magnet B on the stator 3 and the ndfeb permanent magnet a on the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 5, and the dotted line with arrows represents the path of the magnetic flux generated by the alnico permanent magnet a11 and the alnico permanent magnet B14 on the stator 3. The air gap magnetic field is provided by a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet A7, a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet B, an alnico permanent magnet A11 and an alnico permanent magnet B14. When a large voltage needs to be output or the rotating speeds of the first rotor and the second rotor are low and a stable output voltage needs to be output, pulse current is applied to the centralized pulse coil A13, the magnetization directions of the AlNiCo permanent magnet A11 and the AlNiCo permanent magnet B14 are changed to the directions shown in FIG. 3, and the generator operates in a magnetizing mode. The magnetic flux generated by the NdFeB permanent magnet B10 penetrates out of the NdFeB permanent magnet B10, passes through the stator teeth 9, the second air gap 18, the magnet adjusting block 8 and the first air gap 17, penetrates into the NdFeB permanent magnet A7, penetrates out of the NdFeB permanent magnet A7, passes through the rotor back iron 6, penetrates into the adjacent opposite polarity magnetizing NdFeB permanent magnet A7, sequentially passes through the first air gap 17, the magnet adjusting block 8, the second air gap 18 and the stator teeth 9, and finally returns to the NdFeB permanent magnet B10. The magnetic flux generated by the alnico permanent magnet penetrates out of alnico permanent magnet A11, penetrates into alnico permanent magnet B14 through fan-shaped stator core 12, enters stator teeth 9, sequentially passes through stator teeth 9, second air gap 18, magnet adjusting block 8 and first air gap 17, penetrates into neodymium iron boron permanent magnet A7, passes through rotor back iron 6, penetrates out of adjacent opposite polarity magnetized neodymium iron boron permanent magnet A7, passes through first air gap 17, magnet adjusting block 8, second air gap 18 and stator teeth 9, penetrates into alnico permanent magnet A11, enters into fan-shaped stator core 12, and finally returns to alnico permanent magnet B14.
As shown in fig. 4, the demagnetizing operation diagram of the small hydroelectric stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable magnetic flux generator of the present invention includes a solid line with arrows representing the path of the magnetic flux generated by ndfeb permanent magnet B10 on the stator 3 and ndfeb permanent magnet a7 on the first rotor and the second rotor, and a dotted line with arrows representing the path of the magnetic flux generated by alnico permanent magnet a11 and alnico permanent magnet B14 on the stator 3. The air gap magnetic field is provided by the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet A7 and the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet B10 together. When a small voltage needs to be output or the rotor speed is too fast and a stable output voltage needs to be output, pulse current is applied to the centralized pulse coil A13 or the centralized pulse coil B15, so that the magnetization directions of the AlNiCo permanent magnet A11 and the AlNiCo permanent magnet B14 are changed to the directions shown in FIG. 4, and the generator operates in a demagnetization mode. The magnetic flux generated by the NdFeB permanent magnet penetrates out of the NdFeB permanent magnet B10, passes through the stator teeth 9, the second air gap 18, the magnet adjusting block 8 and the first air gap 17, penetrates into the NdFeB permanent magnet A7, penetrates out of the NdFeB permanent magnet A7, passes through the rotor back iron 6, penetrates into the adjacent opposite polarity magnetized NdFeB permanent magnet A7, sequentially passes through the first air gap 17, the magnet adjusting block 8, the second air gap 18 and the stator teeth, and finally returns to the NdFeB permanent magnet B10. The magnetic flux generated by the alnico permanent magnet penetrates out of alnico permanent magnet a11, penetrates alnico permanent magnet B14 through fan-shaped stator core 12, enters stator teeth 9, penetrates neodymium iron boron permanent magnet B10 along yoke parts of stator teeth 9, penetrates alnico permanent magnet B14 along yoke parts of adjacent stator teeth 9, and returns to alnico permanent magnet B14 through fan-shaped stator core 12.
Claims (8)
1. The small hydroelectric generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator is characterized by comprising a first rotor (1), a first magnet adjusting block group (2), a stator (3), a second magnet adjusting block group (4) and a second rotor (5) which are coaxially and sequentially arranged; air gaps are reserved between the first rotor (1) and the first adjusting magnet block group (2), between the first adjusting magnet block group (2) and the stator (3), between the stator (3) and the second adjusting magnet block group (4) and between the second adjusting magnet block group (4) and the second rotor (5).
2. The small hydroelectric power generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator according to claim 1, wherein the first rotor (1) and the second rotor (5) have the same structure and are centrosymmetric about the stator (3), and each rotor comprises eight neodymium iron boron permanent magnets (7), the eight neodymium iron boron permanent magnets A (7) are sequentially connected to form a circular ring shape, the eight neodymium iron boron permanent magnets A (7) are respectively attached to a circular ring-shaped rotor back iron (6) in a surface-attaching manner through reversed polarities, and the rotor back iron (6) is far away from the stator (3).
3. The small hydroelectric power generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator according to claim 1, wherein the first magnet adjusting block group (2) and the second magnet adjusting block group (4) have the same structure and are centrally symmetrical with respect to the stator (3), and each of the first magnet adjusting block group and the second magnet adjusting block group comprises twenty-four magnet adjusting blocks (8), and the twenty-four magnet adjusting blocks (8) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference to form a circular ring shape.
4. The small hydroelectric power generation stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator according to claim 1, wherein the stator (3) comprises a stator middle unit, and two sides of the stator middle unit are symmetrically provided with stator side units respectively;
each stator side unit comprises twelve stator teeth (9) and twelve neodymium iron boron permanent magnets B (10), the stator teeth (9) and the neodymium iron boron permanent magnets B (10) are alternately arranged to form a circular ring, and a centralized pulse coil B (15) and a centralized armature coil (16) are wound on each stator tooth (9).
5. The small hydroelectric stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator according to claim 4, wherein the stator middle unit comprises twelve alnico permanent magnets A (11) and twelve fan-shaped stator cores (12), the alnico permanent magnets A (11) and the fan-shaped stator cores (12) are alternately arranged to form a circular ring shape, alnico permanent magnets B (14) are symmetrically attached to two sides of each fan-shaped stator core (12), and a centralized pulse coil A (13) is wound on each alnico permanent magnet B (14).
6. The miniature hydro-power stator layered axial field permanent magnet controlled flux generator as defined in claim 5 wherein each said NdFeB permanent magnet B (10) and each said AlNiCo permanent magnet A (11) is tangentially magnetized and each said AlNiCo permanent magnet B (14) is axially magnetized.
7. The miniature hydro-power generating stator layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controlled flux generator as defined in claim 4 wherein adjacent neodymium iron boron permanent magnets B (10) have opposite magnetization directions.
8. A miniature hydro-power generating stator lamination axial field permanent magnet controllable flux generator as defined in claim 4 wherein each of said stator teeth (9) is of salient pole construction.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111667606.7A CN114400851B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator of small hydroelectric generation stator |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111667606.7A CN114400851B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Layered axial magnetic field permanent magnet controllable flux generator of small hydroelectric generation stator |
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| CN114400851A true CN114400851A (en) | 2022-04-26 |
| CN114400851B CN114400851B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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Citations (8)
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| CN214479912U (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-10-22 | 安徽大学 | First magnetic steel built-in rotor applied to axial flux motor |
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2021
- 2021-12-30 CN CN202111667606.7A patent/CN114400851B/en active Active
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| JPH10271784A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-10-09 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Axial air gap type permanent magnet excited synchronous machine |
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| CN114400851B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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