CN114400805A - Rotor structure of permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents
Rotor structure of permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114400805A CN114400805A CN202210083268.0A CN202210083268A CN114400805A CN 114400805 A CN114400805 A CN 114400805A CN 202210083268 A CN202210083268 A CN 202210083268A CN 114400805 A CN114400805 A CN 114400805A
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- filler
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- rotor structure
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 100
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 42
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises: a rotating shaft rotating around the axis; the rotor iron core is sleeved outside the rotating shaft; the permanent magnet group is arranged on the outer side of the rotor iron core; the filler is arranged on the outer side of the rotor core, and an inclined groove is formed between the filler and the permanent magnet group; compound sheath, compound sheath cup joints in the permanent magnet group and the filler outside, and compound sheath includes: the heat conduction layer wraps the permanent magnet groups and the filler; the protective sleeve rings are wound on the outer side of the heat conducting layer at intervals along the axis direction. The invention mainly solves the problem that the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor is difficult to radiate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Background
In the prior art, special industrial applications of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motors have attracted attention, and the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motors have become an indispensable technology, particularly in high-capacity compact systems such as machine tool spindle drives, turbo compressors and microturbines, and the high-speed permanent magnet motors can be directly coupled to a driver or a turbine without a separate mechanical gear to obtain high rotational torque.
However, due to mechanical stress caused by high-speed rotation of a rotor in the motor and power loss caused by high-frequency input power, the control, bearing, heat dissipation and cooling technologies need to be improved, and various electrical and mechanical problems may occur; the existing method for cooling the rotor by heat dissipation directly adopts axial ventilation, so that the rotor is separated from cooling gas, particularly, the permanent magnet can only realize the contact of the outer surface with the cooling gas, the demagnetization of the permanent magnet is caused by insufficient heat dissipation of the permanent magnet, and finally a high-speed motor is collapsed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which can meet the rated working condition operation of a high-speed motor, protect permanent magnets, greatly improve the heat dissipation capacity of the rotor and prevent the eddy current loss of the rotor from being greatly increased.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising:
a rotating shaft rotating around the axis;
the rotor iron core is sleeved outside the rotating shaft;
the permanent magnet group is arranged on the outer side of the rotor iron core;
compound sheath, compound sheath cup joints in the permanent magnet group outside, and compound sheath includes:
the heat conduction layer is arranged by wrapping the permanent magnet group and is used for conducting heat;
the sheath rings are wound on the outer side of the heat conducting layer at intervals along the axis direction and are used for improving the strength of the composite sheath;
the filler, the filler sets up between rotor core and compound sheath, and filler and permanent magnet group at least part laminate, and the laminating department closes on the axial both ends of compound sheath, and is formed with the chute between filler and the permanent magnet group, and the chute opening direction is parallel with the axis direction basically, and the chute is used for increasing the area of contact of permanent magnet group and air.
Preferably, the permanent magnet group comprises a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is shaped like a sector ring body, and the circle center of the sector ring body is located on the axis.
Preferably, at least two permanent magnets are provided, and the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet group are arranged substantially along the axial direction.
Preferably, all the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet groups are completely the same, the permanent magnets in a single permanent magnet group are arranged in a step shape, two inclined grooves are formed between the single permanent magnet group and the filler, and the opening directions of the two inclined grooves are opposite.
Preferably, the lengths of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet groups are different, the permanent magnets in a single permanent magnet group are sequentially arranged along the axis direction according to the length increasing or shortening, one side of each permanent magnet in the single permanent magnet group is attached to the filler, and the permanent magnet with the longest length in the single permanent magnet group is attached to the other filler.
Preferably, the shape of the filler is a sector ring body, the circle center of the sector ring body is located on the axis, and the filler is arranged around the axis.
Preferably, the filler includes:
and the air channel penetrates through the filler along the axis direction.
Preferably, the composite sheath further comprises:
the annular grooves are arranged on the outer side of the heat conducting layer at intervals along the axis direction, and the sheath ring is sleeved in the annular grooves.
Preferably, the material of the heat conducting layer is at least one of iron alloy, aluminum alloy or titanium alloy.
Preferably, the material of the sheath ring is at least one of carbon fiber, kevlar or nylon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
according to the rotor structure of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet groups are arranged in a step shape, and the fillers are attached to the head and tail permanent magnets in the permanent magnet groups, so that the inclined grooves are formed, the openings of the inclined grooves face the outer side of the rotor structure, the contact area between the permanent magnets and air is increased, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.
In the rotor structure, the composite sheath is made of two materials, so that the effects of small thickness and high strength of the composite sheath are realized, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the rotor structure is improved by thinning and phase-changing the thickness of the composite sheath.
In addition, in the rotor structure, the filler is attached to the permanent magnet group to prevent the corners of the permanent magnets from puncturing the composite sheath, so that the purpose of protecting the composite sheath is achieved; the filler is internally provided with a ventilation channel, so that the heat dissipation of the rotor structure is facilitated; and the annular groove is arranged on the heat conduction layer, so that the annular groove is favorable for fixing the sheath ring and the sheath ring is prevented from being separated from the heat conduction layer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic axial side view of a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous machine of the present application;
fig. 2 is a front view of a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present application;
fig. 3 is a top view of a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous machine of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic axial view of one implementation of the present application with the composite jacket removed;
FIG. 6 is a top view of one implementation of the present application with the composite jacket removed;
FIG. 7 is a schematic isometric view of another embodiment of the present application with the composite jacket removed;
FIG. 8 is a top view of another implementation of the present application with the composite jacket removed.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, a rotor structure 100 of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present embodiment includes a rotating shaft 11, a rotor core 12, a permanent magnet group 13, a filler 14, and a composite sheath 15. And the rotating shaft 11, the rotor core 12, the permanent magnet group 13 and the composite sheath 15 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13 are in the same layer. The shaft 11 rotates about the axis 101; the rotor iron core 12 is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 11; the permanent magnet group 13 is arranged outside the rotor core 12; the composite sheath 15 is sleeved outside the permanent magnet group 13, and the composite sheath 15 comprises: the heat conducting layer 151 is arranged to wrap the permanent magnet group 13, the heat conducting layer 151 is used for conducting heat, the sheath rings 152 are wound on the outer side of the heat conducting layer 151 at intervals along the axial direction, and the sheath rings 152 are used for improving the strength of the composite sheath 15; the filler 14 is arranged between the rotor core 12 and the composite sheath 15, the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13 are at least partially attached to each other, the attachment positions of the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13 are close to two axial ends of the composite sheath 15, inclined grooves 16 are formed between the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13, the opening direction of each inclined groove 16 is substantially parallel to the direction of the axis 101, and the inclined grooves 16 are used for increasing the contact area between the permanent magnet group 13 and air.
Wherein, pivot 11 rotates around axis 101, and rotor core 12 cup joints in the pivot 11 outside, and pivot 11 rotates and drives rotor core 12 and rotate, and rotor core 12 also rotates around axis 101 promptly. It can be understood that the rotating shaft 11 is a cylinder, the rotor core 12 is a ring, the ring is sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder, and the cylinder rotates to drive the ring to rotate synchronously. Permanent magnet group 13 and filler 14 are disposed outside rotor core 12, and permanent magnet group 13 is disposed outside rotor core 12 in a circumferential array having a center located on axis 101. The inclined grooves 16 are formed between the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13, the openings of the inclined grooves 16 face the outside of the rotor structure 100 along the axial direction, and the inclined grooves 16 can increase the contact area of the permanent magnet group 13 and air, so that the heat dissipation area of the permanent magnet group 13 is increased, namely, the heat dissipation of the rotor structure 100 is facilitated. The composite sheath 15 is sleeved outside the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14, and the arrangement of the composite sheath 15 can prevent the permanent magnets 131 from separating from the rotor structure 100 under the high-speed rotation of the rotor structure 100. Composite sheath 15 includes heat-conducting layer 151 and protects lantern ring 152, heat-conducting layer 151 parcel permanent magnet group 13 and filler 14, heat-conducting layer 151 is used for conducting the heat of rotor structure 100, heat-conducting layer 151 absorbs the inside heat of rotor structure 100 promptly, and realize the heat dissipation through heat-conducting layer 151 and the heat exchange of outside air, sheath ring 152 is around setting in the heat-conducting layer 151 outside along axis 101 direction interval, sheath ring 152 can strengthen composite sheath 15's intensity, and sheath ring 152 is the interval and sets up and can reduce the influence of protecting lantern ring 152 to heat-conducting layer 151.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the heat conductive layer 151 of the composite sheath 15 is disposed to surround the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14, and the sheath rings 152 are disposed to surround the heat conductive layer 151 at intervals in the direction of the axis 101. The heat conducting layer 151 is used for conducting heat, that is, heat inside the rotor structure 100 is conducted to the heat conducting layer 151, and the heat conducting layer 151 dissipates heat through heat exchange with air. The higher the heat conduction efficiency of the heat conduction layer 151 is, the better the heat dissipation performance of the rotor structure 100 is. The heat conducting layer 151 is made of at least one of an iron alloy, an aluminum alloy, or a titanium alloy, and has high heat conductivity, so that heat can be effectively conducted, and the heat dissipation effect of the rotor structure 100 is improved. The protective ring 152 is used for binding the heat conduction layer 151, and the strength and the rigidity of the composite sheath 15 are improved, so that the strength requirement of the heat conduction layer 151 is reduced, namely the thickness of the heat conduction layer 151 can be thinned, the phase change is realized, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, and the eddy current loss caused by the over-thickness of the composite sheath 15 is reduced. The material of the sheath ring 152 is at least one of carbon fiber, kevlar or nylon, which has the advantages of high temperature resistance, friction resistance, electric conduction, heat conduction and corrosion resistance, and the material of carbon fiber is softer than that of iron alloy, but has poorer heat conduction. The composite sheath 15 is installed with an interference that resists centrifugal force when the rotor structure 100 is rotated at high speed, thereby protecting the permanent magnets 131. It will be appreciated that this interference is substantially achieved by the grommet 152, the grommet 152 tying the thermally conductive layer 151, thereby achieving the provision of the interference of the composite sheath 15. Obviously, the composite sheath 15 made of materials such as iron alloy has strong thermal conductivity, strong electrical conductivity and large thickness, the heat dissipation efficiency of the composite sheath 15 can be improved due to the strong thermal conductivity, the eddy current loss in the composite sheath 15 is easy to be large due to the strong electrical conductivity, and the heat dissipation of the rotor structure 100 is not facilitated due to the large thickness; composite sheath 15 through material such as carbon fiber, thickness is little, tensile strength is big, electric conductivity is weak, shock resistance is strong, the puncture ability of anti sharp object is weak, the heat conductivity is weak, thickness is little be favorable to the heat dissipation of composite sheath 15 and can reduce cost, tensile strength is big and shock resistance can improve composite sheath 15's intensity, electric conductivity can reduce the loss of vortex in the composite sheath 15 weak, composite sheath 15 is sunken can effectively be avoided to shock resistance strong, anti sharp object puncture ability is weak to be unfavorable for composite sheath 15 parcel permanent magnet 131, the heat conductivity is weak to be unfavorable for the heat dissipation of composite sheath 15. In summary, the composite sheath 15 formed by combining the material such as the iron alloy and the material such as the carbon fiber, that is, the composite sheath 15 in the embodiment, has the thin heat conducting layer 151 made of the material such as the iron alloy, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the composite sheath 15 can be effectively improved, the manufacturing cost of the composite sheath 15 can be reduced, and the eddy current loss in the composite sheath 15 can be reduced. The heat conducting layer 151 is arranged to wrap the permanent magnet 131, so that the possibility of puncture of the permanent magnet 131 to the composite sheath 15 can be reduced. The protective sleeve ring 152 ligature heat-conducting layer 151 of making by materials such as carbon fiber, the interference magnitude cooperation between compound sheath 15 and the permanent magnet group 13 can effectively be realized to the high tensile strength of carbon fiber, and the subsidence of compound sheath 15 can effectively be avoided to the strong shock resistance ability of materials such as carbon fiber, and sheath ring 152 interval sets up, makes heat-conducting layer 151 and air area of contact be close the maximize, effectively avoids protective sleeve ring 152 to obstruct the heat dissipation of heat-conducting layer 151.
The composite sheath 15 further includes ring grooves 153, and the ring grooves 153 are disposed at intervals outside the heat conducting layer 151 along the axis 101 direction, and the ring grooves 153 are recessed in the heat conducting layer 151. The protective ring 152 is disposed in the annular groove 153, so that the protective ring 152 can be effectively prevented from separating from the heat conductive layer 151. Secondly, the annular groove 153 can increase the contact area between the sheath ring 152 and the heat conducting layer 151, and under the condition that the pressure of the sheath ring 152 on the heat conducting layer 151 is not changed, the larger the contact area between the sheath ring 152 and the heat conducting layer 151 is, the smaller the pressure applied to the heat conducting layer 151 is, so that the load of the heat conducting layer 151 is reduced, the service life of the heat conducting layer 151 is prolonged in a phase-changing manner, that is, the service life of the rotor structure 100 is prolonged. The cross-sectional shape of the annular groove 153 substantially matches the cross-sectional shape of the grommet 152, i.e., the grommet 152 can completely fill the annular groove 153, thereby making the surface of the heat conductive layer 151 smooth and flat.
Referring to fig. 5 to 6, the permanent magnet group 13 includes several permanent magnets 131, i.e., the permanent magnet group 13 is composed of several permanent magnets 131. The permanent magnets 131 in a single permanent magnet group 13 are arranged substantially along the axis 101 and are arranged substantially in a step shape. It can be understood that the single permanent magnet group 13 is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets, and the plurality of permanent magnets 131 are arranged substantially along the direction of the axis 101, so that the formation of large eddy current can be suppressed when the motor is operated, thereby reducing eddy current loss. It can be understood that the permanent magnets 131 are fixed to the outer side of the rotor core 12 by means of bonding, so that the permanent magnets 131 in a single permanent magnet group 13 are arranged in a step shape. It will be appreciated that the number of permanent magnets 131 within a single permanent magnet group 13 is at least two, such that an inclined slot 16 is formed between the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14. Wherein, permanent magnet 131 is located between rotor core 12 and heat-conducting layer 151, for improving space utilization, permanent magnet 131 and rotor core 12 laminating, and permanent magnet 131 has the outer curved surface that a side corresponds rotor core 12 at least promptly, and permanent magnet 131 has a side at least and is the cambered surface promptly, and the centre of a circle of cambered surface is located axis 101. Heat-conducting layer 151 parcel permanent magnet group 13 sets up, and composite sheath 15 in traditional rotor structure 100 is the ring body, and heat-conducting layer 151 in this embodiment also sets up to the ring body, and heat-conducting layer 151 sets up the ring body and compares in setting other shapes, can improve space utilization, reduces composite sheath 15 deformation possibility, and is favorable to the setting of composite sheath 15 magnitude of interference. In order to match the ring shape of the heat conduction layer 151 and improve the space utilization rate, at least one side surface of the permanent magnet 131 corresponds to the inner curved surface of the heat conduction layer 151, that is, at least one side surface of the permanent magnet 131 is an arc surface, and the center of the arc surface is located on the axis 101. In summary, the permanent magnet 131 is an outer curved surface matching the rotor core 12 and an inner curved surface of the heat conducting layer 151, at least two sides of the permanent magnet 131 are arc surfaces, and the centers of the two arc surfaces are located on the axis 101. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 131 is a fan ring body, and at least two sides of the fan ring body are arc surfaces, and the centers of the two arc surfaces are the same. In addition, the sector ring body is also advantageous in a stepped arrangement, thereby simplifying the arrangement of the permanent magnets 131.
Referring to fig. 2, 5, and 6, filler 14 is located between rotor core 12 and heat conductive layer 151, and filler 14 is used to support composite sheath 15 and prevent composite sheath 15 from sagging. The filler 14 may be provided as a sector ring, so that one of the arc surfaces of the filler 14 is attached to the outer curved surface of the rotor core 12, and the other arc surface of the filler 14 is attached to the inner curved surface of the heat conduction layer 151, thereby improving the support of the filler 14 to the heat conduction layer 151 and preventing the heat conduction layer 151, i.e., the composite sheath 15, from sinking. It is understood that the material of the filler 14 may be epoxy resin, which has high strength, good electrical insulation property, and can be bonded with various materials, and the application process thereof is flexible. In addition, a chute 16 is formed between the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13, and the chute 16 is used for increasing the contact area of the permanent magnet group 13 with air, thereby facilitating heat dissipation of the permanent magnet group 13.
The filler 14 is attached to the permanent magnet group 13 in the following manner: among the permanent magnets 131 arranged in the permanent magnet group 13 along the axis 101 direction, the head and tail permanent magnets 131 are attached to the fillers 14, the head permanent magnet 131 is attached to the side surface of one filler 14, and the tail permanent magnet 131 is attached to the side surface of the other filler 14. The remaining permanent magnets 131 are separated from the packing 14, thereby forming two inclined grooves 16, and the openings of the two inclined grooves 16 are in the axial direction and in opposite directions. The fitting manner enables the composite sheath 15 to be supported by the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13 in the circumferential direction, so that the composite sheath 15 is prevented from being depressed, namely, the strength and rigidity of the composite sheath 15 are enhanced. It will be appreciated that the number of chutes 16 is twice the number of permanent magnet groups 13 and that the number of fillings 14 is the same as the number of permanent magnet groups 13. It can be understood that the head and tail permanent magnets 131 in the permanent magnet group 13 are attached to the filler 14, and the attachment mode can prevent the edges of the permanent magnets 131 from contacting the composite sheath 15, that is, prevent the edges of the permanent magnets 131 from piercing the composite sheath 15, so that the filler 14 protects the composite sheath 15, changes phases, and improves the service life of the rotor structure 100. The permanent magnets 131 in any one permanent magnet group 13 are identical in shape and size, and the permanent magnets 131 are identical in shape and size, so that the processing steps of the permanent magnets 131 can be simplified, the manufacturing cost of the rotor structure 100 is reduced, the performance of each permanent magnet 131 is identical, and the running stability of the rotor structure 100 is improved.
The filler 14 is further provided with an air duct 141 therein, and the air duct 141 is used for improving the heat dissipation effect of the rotor structure 100. The air duct 141 penetrates through the filler 14 along the axis 101, and when wind enters from the end cover of the motor, the wind path formed by the wind extends substantially along the axis 101, i.e., the wind path is substantially parallel to the air duct 141, so that the wind can pass through the rotor structure 100, and when the wind passes through the rotor structure 100, part of heat in the rotor structure 100 can be taken away through heat exchange. The air passage is substantially parallel to the air duct 141, and the heat dissipation effect of the air duct 141 can be maximized when the rotor structure 100 is stationary.
Example two:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, a rotor structure 100 of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to this embodiment includes a rotating shaft 11, a rotor core 12, a permanent magnet group 13, a filler 14, and a composite sheath 15, where the rotating shaft 11, the rotor core 12, the permanent magnet group 13, and the composite sheath 15 are sequentially disposed from inside to outside, and the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13 are in the same layer. Wherein, pivot 11 rotates around axis 101, and rotor core 12 cup joints in the pivot 11 outside, and pivot 11 rotates and drives rotor core 12 and rotate, and rotor core 12 also rotates around axis 101 promptly. It can be understood that the rotating shaft 11 is a cylinder, the rotor core 12 is a ring, the ring is sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder, and the cylinder rotates to drive the ring to rotate synchronously. Permanent magnet group 13 and filler 14 are disposed outside rotor core 12, and permanent magnet group 13 is disposed outside rotor core 12 in a circumferential array having a center located on axis 101. The inclined grooves 16 are formed between the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13, the openings of the inclined grooves 16 face the outside of the rotor structure 100 along the axial direction, and the inclined grooves 16 can increase the contact area of the permanent magnet group 13 and air, so that the heat dissipation area of the permanent magnet group 13 is increased, namely, the heat dissipation of the rotor structure 100 is facilitated. The composite sheath 15 is sleeved outside the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14, and the arrangement of the composite sheath 15 can prevent the permanent magnets 131 from separating from the rotor structure 100 under the high-speed rotation of the rotor structure 100. Composite sheath 15 includes heat-conducting layer 151 and protects lantern ring 152, heat-conducting layer 151 parcel permanent magnet group 13 and filler 14, heat-conducting layer 151 is used for conducting the heat of rotor structure 100, heat-conducting layer 151 absorbs the inside heat of rotor structure 100 promptly, and realize the heat dissipation through heat-conducting layer 151 and the heat exchange of outside air, sheath ring 152 is around setting in the heat-conducting layer 151 outside along axis 101 direction interval, sheath ring 152 can strengthen composite sheath 15's intensity, and sheath ring 152 is the interval and sets up and can reduce the influence of protecting lantern ring 152 to heat-conducting layer 151.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the heat conductive layer 151 of the composite sheath 15 is disposed to surround the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14, and the sheath rings 152 are disposed to surround the heat conductive layer 151 at intervals in the direction of the axis 101. The heat conducting layer 151 is used for conducting heat, that is, heat inside the rotor structure 100 is conducted to the heat conducting layer 151, and the heat conducting layer 151 dissipates heat through heat exchange with air. The higher the heat conduction efficiency of the heat conduction layer 151 is, the better the heat dissipation performance of the rotor structure 100 is. The heat conducting layer 151 is made of iron alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, or the like, and the material has high heat conductivity and can effectively conduct heat, so that the heat dissipation effect of the rotor structure 100 is improved. The protective ring 152 is used for binding the heat conduction layer 151, and the strength and the rigidity of the composite sheath 15 are improved, so that the strength requirement of the heat conduction layer 151 is reduced, namely the thickness of the heat conduction layer 151 can be thinned, the phase change is realized, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, and the eddy current loss caused by the over-thickness of the composite sheath 15 is reduced. The material of the sheath ring 152 is carbon fiber, kevlar or nylon, which has the advantages of high temperature resistance, friction resistance, electric conduction, heat conduction and corrosion resistance, and the material of carbon fiber is softer than that of iron alloy, but has poorer heat conductivity. The composite sheath 15 is installed with an interference that resists centrifugal force when the rotor structure 100 is rotated at high speed, thereby protecting the permanent magnets 131. It will be appreciated that this interference is substantially achieved by the grommet 152, the grommet 152 tying the thermally conductive layer 151, thereby achieving the provision of the interference of the composite sheath 15. Obviously, the composite sheath 15 made of materials such as iron alloy has strong thermal conductivity, strong electrical conductivity and large thickness, the heat dissipation efficiency of the composite sheath 15 can be improved due to the strong thermal conductivity, the eddy current loss in the composite sheath 15 is easy to be large due to the strong electrical conductivity, and the heat dissipation of the rotor structure 100 is not facilitated due to the large thickness; composite sheath 15 through material such as carbon fiber, thickness is little, tensile strength is big, electric conductivity is weak, shock resistance is strong, the puncture ability of anti sharp object is weak, the heat conductivity is weak, thickness is little be favorable to the heat dissipation of composite sheath 15 and can reduce cost, tensile strength is big and shock resistance can improve composite sheath 15's intensity, electric conductivity can reduce the loss of vortex in the composite sheath 15 weak, composite sheath 15 is sunken can effectively be avoided to shock resistance strong, anti sharp object puncture ability is weak to be unfavorable for composite sheath 15 parcel permanent magnet 131, the heat conductivity is weak to be unfavorable for the heat dissipation of composite sheath 15. In summary, the composite sheath 15 formed by combining the material such as the iron alloy and the material such as the carbon fiber, that is, the composite sheath 15 in the embodiment, has the thin heat conducting layer 151 made of the material such as the iron alloy, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the composite sheath 15 can be effectively improved, the manufacturing cost of the composite sheath 15 can be reduced, and the eddy current loss in the composite sheath 15 can be reduced. The heat conducting layer 151 is arranged to wrap the permanent magnet 131, so that the possibility of puncture of the permanent magnet 131 to the composite sheath 15 can be reduced. The protective sleeve ring 152 ligature heat-conducting layer 151 of making by materials such as carbon fiber, the interference magnitude cooperation between compound sheath 15 and the permanent magnet group 13 can effectively be realized to the high tensile strength of carbon fiber, and the subsidence of compound sheath 15 can effectively be avoided to the strong shock resistance ability of materials such as carbon fiber, and sheath ring 152 interval sets up, makes heat-conducting layer 151 and air area of contact be close the maximize, effectively avoids protective sleeve ring 152 to obstruct the heat dissipation of heat-conducting layer 151.
The composite sheath 15 further includes ring grooves 153, and the ring grooves 153 are disposed at intervals outside the heat conducting layer 151 along the axis 101 direction, and the ring grooves 153 are recessed in the heat conducting layer 151. The protective ring 152 is disposed in the annular groove 153, so that the protective ring 152 can be effectively prevented from separating from the heat conductive layer 151. Secondly, the annular groove 153 can increase the contact area between the sheath ring 152 and the heat conducting layer 151, and under the condition that the pressure of the sheath ring 152 on the heat conducting layer 151 is not changed, the larger the contact area between the sheath ring 152 and the heat conducting layer 151 is, the smaller the pressure applied to the heat conducting layer 151 is, so that the load of the heat conducting layer 151 is reduced, the service life of the heat conducting layer 151 is prolonged in a phase-changing manner, that is, the service life of the rotor structure 100 is prolonged. The cross-sectional shape of the annular groove 153 substantially matches the cross-sectional shape of the grommet 152, i.e., the grommet 152 can completely fill the annular groove 153, thereby making the surface of the heat conductive layer 151 smooth and flat.
Referring to fig. 7 to 8, the permanent magnet group 13 includes several permanent magnets 131, i.e., the permanent magnet group 13 is composed of several permanent magnets. The lengths of the permanent magnets 131 in the permanent magnet groups 13 are different, the permanent magnets 131 in a single permanent magnet group 13 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction according to the length increase or decrease, one side of each permanent magnet 131 in the single permanent magnet group 13 is attached to the filler 14, and the permanent magnet 131 with the longest length in the single permanent magnet group 13 is attached to the other filler 14. It can be understood that the single permanent magnet group 13 is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets, and the plurality of permanent magnets 131 are arranged substantially along the direction of the axis 101, so that the formation of large eddy current can be suppressed when the motor is operated, thereby reducing eddy current loss. It can be understood that the permanent magnets 131 are fixed to the outside of the rotor core 12 by means of bonding, thereby facilitating the arrangement of several permanent magnets 131 within a single permanent magnet group 13. It will be appreciated that the number of permanent magnets 131 within a single permanent magnet group 13 is at least two, such that an inclined slot 16 is formed between the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14. Wherein, permanent magnet 131 is located between rotor core 12 and heat-conducting layer 151, for improving space utilization, permanent magnet 131 and rotor core 12 laminating, and permanent magnet 131 has the outer curved surface that a side corresponds rotor core 12 at least promptly, and permanent magnet 131 has a side at least and is the cambered surface promptly, and the centre of a circle of cambered surface is located axis 101. Heat-conducting layer 151 parcel permanent magnet group 13 sets up, and composite sheath 15 in traditional rotor structure 100 is the ring body, and heat-conducting layer 151 in this embodiment also sets up to the ring body, and heat-conducting layer 151 sets up the ring body and compares in setting other shapes, can improve space utilization, reduces composite sheath 15 deformation possibility, and is favorable to the setting of composite sheath 15 magnitude of interference. In order to match the ring shape of the heat conduction layer 151 and improve the space utilization rate, at least one side surface of the permanent magnet 131 corresponds to the inner curved surface of the heat conduction layer 151, that is, at least one side surface of the permanent magnet 131 is an arc surface, and the center of the arc surface is located on the axis 101. In summary, the permanent magnet 131 is an outer curved surface matching the rotor core 12 and an inner curved surface of the heat conducting layer 151, at least two sides of the permanent magnet 131 are arc surfaces, and the centers of the two arc surfaces are located on the axis 101. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 131 is a fan ring body, and at least two sides of the fan ring body are arc surfaces, and the centers of the two arc surfaces are the same. In addition, the sector ring body is also advantageous in a stepped arrangement, thereby simplifying the arrangement of the permanent magnets 131.
Referring to fig. 2, 7, and 8, filler 14 is located between rotor core 12 and heat conductive layer 151, and filler 14 is used to increase the rigidity of rotor structure 100 and avoid sagging of composite sheath 15. The filler 14 may be provided as a sector ring, so that one of the arc surfaces of the filler 14 is attached to the outer curved surface of the rotor core 12, and the other arc surface of the filler 14 is attached to the inner curved surface of the heat conduction layer 151, thereby improving the support of the filler 14 to the heat conduction layer 151 and preventing the heat conduction layer 151, i.e., the composite sheath 15, from sinking. It is understood that the material of the filler 14 may be epoxy resin, which has high strength, good electrical insulation property, and can be bonded with various materials, and the application process thereof is flexible. In addition, a chute 16 is formed between the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13, and the chute 16 is used for increasing the contact area of the permanent magnet group 13 with air, thereby facilitating heat dissipation of the permanent magnet group 13.
The permanent magnets 131 in the single permanent magnet group 13 are different in shape and size, the permanent magnets 131 in the permanent magnet group 13 are all attached to one side surface of the filler 14, and the permanent magnets 131 are arranged in a step shape, that is, one of the permanent magnets 131 at the head or the tail of the permanent magnet group 13 is attached to the filler 14, and the other permanent magnets 131 are not attached to the side surface of the filler 14, so that a chute 16 is formed, the supporting area of the permanent magnet group 13 on the composite sheath 15 can be increased by the method, the strength and the rigidity of the composite sheath 15 are improved, the wind direction in the motor is generally in a single direction, the chute 16 with an opening along the axial direction and in a single direction is formed between the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14, and the opening of the chute 16 corresponds to one end of the motor, which is ventilated with wind, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.
The filler 14 is further provided with an air duct 141 therein, and the air duct 141 is used for improving the heat dissipation effect of the rotor structure 100. The air duct 141 penetrates through the filler 14 along the axis 101, and when wind enters from the end cover of the motor, the wind path formed by the wind extends substantially along the axis 101, i.e., the wind path is substantially parallel to the air duct 141, so that the wind can pass through the rotor structure 100, and when the wind passes through the rotor structure 100, part of heat in the rotor structure 100 can be taken away through heat exchange. The air passage is substantially parallel to the air duct 141, and the heat dissipation effect of the air duct 141 can be maximized when the rotor structure 100 is stationary.
In the prior art, the heat dissipation of a rotor structure in a permanent magnet synchronous motor is difficult, the contact area between a permanent magnet and air in the rotor structure is limited, the contact area between the permanent magnet and the air is mainly two end faces of the permanent magnet, the composite sheath structure of the rotor structure has the problem that the composite sheath is too thick, the composite sheath is too thick and is not beneficial to the heat dissipation of the rotor structure, and the composite sheath in the existing rotor structure is single in material and limited. In the rotor structure 100 of the present invention, the permanent magnets 131 are arranged in a stepped arrangement to increase the contact area between the permanent magnets 131 and the air, that is, the heat dissipation area of the permanent magnets 131 is increased, and in addition, the composite sheath 15 of the present invention uses various materials, which can improve the heat dissipation efficiency and produce a plurality of beneficial effects.
Although only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and all changes are encompassed in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising:
a shaft that rotates about an axis;
the rotor iron core is sleeved outside the rotating shaft;
the permanent magnet group is arranged on the outer side of the rotor iron core;
a composite sheath sleeved outside the permanent magnet group, the composite sheath comprising:
the heat conduction layer is arranged to wrap the permanent magnet group and is used for conducting heat;
the sheath rings are wound on the outer side of the heat conduction layer at intervals along the axis direction and are used for improving the strength of the composite sheath;
the filler, the filler set up in rotor core with between the compound sheath, the filler with at least partial laminating of permanent magnet group, and the laminating department closes on the axial both ends of compound sheath, just the filler with be formed with the chute between the permanent magnet group, chute opening direction is parallel with the axis direction basically, the chute is used for the increase the area of contact of permanent magnet group and air.
2. The rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet group comprises permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are in the shape of a sector ring body, and the center of the sector ring body is located on the axis.
3. The rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, wherein there are at least two permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet group are arranged substantially in the axial direction.
4. The rotor structure of a PMSM according to claim 3, wherein each of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet groups are identical, and the permanent magnets in a single permanent magnet group are arranged in a stepped shape, two chutes are formed between a single permanent magnet group and the filler, and the opening directions of the two chutes are opposite.
5. The rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3, wherein the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet groups are different in length, the permanent magnets in a single permanent magnet group are sequentially arranged in an axial direction in an increasing or decreasing length manner, one side of each permanent magnet in the single permanent magnet group is attached to the filler, and the permanent magnet with the longest length in the single permanent magnet group is attached to the other filler.
6. The rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the filler is shaped as a sector ring, the center of the sector ring is located on the axis, and the filler is disposed around the axis.
7. The rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the filler includes:
an air duct penetrating the filler in the axis direction.
8. The rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the composite sheath further comprises:
the annular grooves are arranged on the outer side of the heat conducting layer at intervals along the axis direction, and the sheath ring is sleeved in the annular grooves.
9. The rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the material of the heat conducting layer is at least one of an iron alloy, an aluminum alloy or a titanium alloy.
10. The rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the material of the sheath ring is at least one of carbon fiber, Kevlar or nylon.
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Effective date of registration: 20240731 Address after: 310058 Yuhang Tang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 866 Patentee after: ZHEJIANG University Country or region after: China Patentee after: China National Railway Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: 310012 No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: ZHEJIANG University Country or region before: China |