CN114400352A - Testing arrangement suitable for fuel cell air compressor machine - Google Patents
Testing arrangement suitable for fuel cell air compressor machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114400352A CN114400352A CN202111600661.4A CN202111600661A CN114400352A CN 114400352 A CN114400352 A CN 114400352A CN 202111600661 A CN202111600661 A CN 202111600661A CN 114400352 A CN114400352 A CN 114400352A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04425—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04417—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of the coolant
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Abstract
The invention relates to a testing device suitable for a fuel cell air compressor, which comprises: the device comprises a filter, an air compressor, a heat exchanger, a radiator, an air flow meter, a back pressure regulating valve and a flow controller; the filter is connected with an inlet of the air compressor; the outlet of the air compressor is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger; an outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with an air flow meter FM 1; the outlet of the air flow meter FM1 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the backpressure regulating valve, and the other path is connected to the flow controller; the heat exchanger exchanges heat through the radiator; the radiator is electrically connected with the computer controller through the radiator PWM speed regulator; the radiator controls the rotating speed of a radiating fan through a radiator PWM speed regulator so as to control the air inlet temperature; the invention has the beneficial effects that: through the test to the fuel cell air compressor machine, can effectively improve the empty filter of output of fuel cell pile, further better can control the fuel cell engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of air compressor testing, in particular to a testing device suitable for a fuel cell air compressor.
Background
Fuel cells generate electrical energy by electrochemically reacting hydrogen gas at the anode and oxygen gas (air) at the cathode across a membrane. The most main core part of the fuel cell automobile is a fuel cell engine, and when the fuel cell engine works, an air compressor is required to provide air with proper flow and pressure to perform chemical reaction with hydrogen in the fuel cell to generate electric energy which is supplied to an automobile motor to drive the automobile to run.
The efficiency of the fuel cell engine is a key parameter, and how the engine device effectively improves the output power of the electric pile by controlling the pressure, the temperature and the flow of the reaction gas is the key point of the control of the fuel cell engine. The flow, pressure and temperature of the air output by the air compressor directly influence the output performance of the fuel cell stack. The power consumption of the air compressor itself seriously affects the overall efficiency of the engine. Therefore, the test of the fuel cell air compressor is very important, and the test has great significance in both the research and development of the fuel cell engine and the fuel cell air compressor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a testing device for a fuel cell air compressor, comprising:
the device comprises a filter, an air compressor, a heat exchanger, a radiator, an air flow meter, a back pressure regulating valve and a flow controller;
the filter is connected with an inlet of the air compressor;
the outlet of the air compressor is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger;
an outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with an air flow meter FM 1;
the outlet of the air flow meter FM1 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the backpressure regulating valve, and the other path is connected to the flow controller; the back pressure regulating valve is used for controlling the pressure of the outlet of the air compressor; the flow controller is used for simulating the actual oxygen consumption of the galvanic pile;
the heat exchanger exchanges heat through the radiator;
the radiator is electrically connected with the computer controller through the radiator PWM speed regulator;
the radiator controls the rotating speed of a radiating fan through a radiator PWM speed regulator, and further controls the air inlet temperature.
Further, a first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor are arranged between the inlet of the air compressor and the filter; the first temperature sensor collects the actual temperature T1 of the fresh air; the first pressure sensor collects the pressure P1 of the inlet air.
Further, a second temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor are arranged between the air flow meter FM1 and the back pressure regulating valve; the second temperature sensor is used for monitoring the actual temperature T2 of the air inlet stack; the second pressure sensor is used for monitoring the actual pressure P2 of the outlet of the air compressor.
Furthermore, the air compressor is electrically connected with the computer controller sequentially through the voltage and current detection unit and the air compressor controller;
the air compressor controls the rotating speed of the air compressor through an air compressor controller, monitors the real-time current and voltage of the air compressor through a voltage and current detection unit, and calculates the real-time power P of the air compressor.
Furthermore, the first temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor, the second temperature sensor, the second pressure sensor, the back pressure regulating valve and the flow controller are all electrically connected with the computer controller.
The working principle of the device comprises the following processes: inputting the simulated working conditions of the fuel cell stack into a computer controller to obtain the set flow, pressure and temperature of air under each working condition and the actual consumption of the fuel cell, and controlling the flow, pressure and temperature of the air compressor to reach the flow, pressure and temperature under the working conditions, and simulating the actual consumption of oxygen through a flow controller;
the test process comprises a matching fuel cell stack test process and a flow, pressure ratio and rotating speed MAP graph test process.
Further, the matching fuel cell stack testing process specifically includes:
s101: introducing the simulated conditions of the fuel cell stack into the computer controller, wherein the simulated conditions comprise N different conditionsA working condition point; each operating point comprises the power P of the electric pile under the operating conditionaRequired flow rate FbAir pressure in pile PcAnd the flow rate of oxygen consumed Fd;
S102: opening the testing device, confirming that the water quantity of the cooling water is normal, and entering a first working condition point for testing;
s103: recording the test starting time, and judging whether the first working condition point reaches a steady state; the steady state specifically refers to: each index under the working condition point is kept stable within a certain time;
s104: if the steady state is reached, recording the data of the current working condition point, and entering the step S105; the current operating point data includes: current, voltage and power P of air compressoreThe rotating speed, the actual temperature T1 of the fresh air, the pressure P1 of inlet air, the actual temperature T2 of air entering a stack, the actual pressure P2 of an outlet of an air compressor, the flow rate of an air flow meter, the flow rate of a flow controller, the time for reaching a steady state, the opening degree of a back pressure regulating valve and the power of a radiator fan; if the steady state is not reached, the test is ended;
s105: calculating the pressure rise and the maximum possible efficiency of the air compressor under the current working condition; wherein the pressure rise is P2/P1, and the maximum possible efficiency is Pa-Pe)/Pa;
S106: judging whether the air compressor meets the current working condition requirement of the electric pile or not through pressure rise, the maximum possible efficiency, the rotating speed of the air compressor and the flow of the air flow meter; wherein, the judgment rule is specifically as follows: each parameter reaches the expected value of the current working condition;
s107: and if the current working condition requirement is met, completing the current working condition test, ending the current test or entering the next working condition point test until the N working condition points are tested.
The flow, pressure ratio and rotating speed MAP graph test process specifically comprises the following steps:
s201: uniformly selecting M rotating speed working points in the rotating speed range of the air compressor; m is greater than or equal to 20;
s202: entering a first working condition point to start testing;
s203: adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor to the rotating speed of a first working condition point through a computer controller;
s204: adjusting the opening degree of a back pressure adjusting valve from 100-10%, wherein the opening degree is reduced by 5% every time, each point enables the air compressor to be stable, the air flow is gradually reduced in the adjusting process of the back pressure adjusting valve, when the back pressure adjusting valve is adjusted, the flow is not reduced any more, or the air compressor knocks, the back pressure adjusting valve is stopped to be adjusted, and at the moment, data of each stable point are recorded; the data for the steady state point includes: the air compressor rotating speed, the flow rate of an air compressor flow meter, the pressure P1 of inlet air, the actual temperature T2 of air entering a pile and the actual pressure P2 of an air compressor outlet;
s205: after the test of the current rotating speed working condition point is finished, the next rotating speed working condition point test is carried out until all the M rotating speed working condition points are tested;
s206: and drawing a MAP graph of the flow rate, the rotation speed and the pressure ratio according to the recorded rotation speed, the flow rate and the pressure ratio of the air compressor, namely P2/P1.
The beneficial effects provided by the invention are as follows: through the test to the fuel cell air compressor machine, can effectively improve the empty filter of output of fuel cell pile, further better can control the fuel cell engine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of the overall operation principle of the testing device for the fuel cell air compressor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a testing device suitable for a fuel cell air compressor according to the present invention; the device comprises:
the device comprises a filter, an air compressor, a heat exchanger, a radiator, an air flow meter, a back pressure regulating valve and a flow controller;
the filter is connected with an inlet of the air compressor;
the outlet of the air compressor is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger;
an outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with an air flow meter FM 1;
the outlet of the air flow meter FM1 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the backpressure regulating valve, and the other path is connected to the flow controller; the back pressure regulating valve is used for controlling the pressure of the outlet of the air compressor; the flow controller is used for simulating the actual oxygen consumption of the galvanic pile;
the heat exchanger exchanges heat through the radiator;
the radiator is electrically connected with the computer controller through the radiator PWM speed regulator;
the radiator controls the rotating speed of a radiating fan through a radiator PWM speed regulator, and further controls the air inlet temperature.
A first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor are also arranged between the inlet of the air compressor and the filter; the first temperature sensor collects the actual temperature T1 of the fresh air; the first pressure sensor collects the pressure P1 of the inlet air.
A second temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor are arranged between the air flow meter FM1 and the back pressure regulating valve; the second temperature sensor is used for monitoring the actual temperature T2 of the air inlet stack; the second pressure sensor is used for monitoring the actual pressure P2 of the outlet of the air compressor.
The air compressor is also electrically connected with the computer controller through the voltage and current detection unit and the air compressor controller in sequence;
the air compressor controls the rotating speed of the air compressor through an air compressor controller, monitors the real-time current and voltage of the air compressor through a voltage and current detection unit, and calculates the real-time power P of the air compressor.
The first temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor, the second temperature sensor, the second pressure sensor, the back pressure regulating valve and the flow controller are all electrically connected with the computer controller.
The opening of the back pressure regulating valve is controlled by collecting the outlet pressure of the air compressor and a predefined algorithm, so that the outlet pressure of the air compressor is controlled.
The rotating speed of the cooling fan is controlled through collecting the temperature behind the flow meter and a predefined algorithm, and then the temperature of air entering the reactor is controlled.
As an example, the predefined algorithm described above may include a conventional control algorithm such as a PID algorithm.
The utility model provides a testing arrangement suitable for fuel cell air compressor machine, theory of operation includes the following process:
inputting the simulated working conditions of the fuel cell stack into a computer controller to obtain the set flow, pressure and temperature of air under each working condition and the actual consumption of the fuel cell, and controlling the flow, pressure and temperature of the air compressor to reach the flow, pressure and temperature under the working conditions, and simulating the actual consumption of oxygen through a flow controller;
the test process comprises a matching fuel cell stack test process and a flow, pressure ratio and rotating speed MAP graph test process.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an overall operation principle of the testing apparatus for a fuel cell air compressor.
The matched fuel cell stack testing process specifically comprises the following steps:
s101: introducing the simulated working conditions of the fuel cell stack into a computer controller, wherein the simulated working conditions comprise N different working condition points; each operating point comprises the power P of the electric pile under the operating conditionaRequired flow rate FbAir pressure in pile PcAnd the flow rate of oxygen consumed Fd;
S102: opening the testing device, confirming that the water quantity of the cooling water is normal, and entering a first working condition point for testing;
s103: recording the test starting time, and judging whether the first working condition point reaches a steady state; the steady state specifically refers to: each index under the working condition point is kept stable within a certain time;
s104: if the steady state is reached, recording the data of the current working condition point, and entering the step S105; the current operating point data includes: current, voltage and power P of air compressoreThe rotating speed, the actual temperature T1 of the fresh air, the pressure P1 of the inlet air, the actual temperature T2 of the air inlet pile and the actual pressure P of the air compressor outlet2. The flow of the air flow meter, the flow of the flow controller, the time for reaching a steady state, the opening of the back pressure regulating valve and the power of the radiator fan; if the steady state is not reached, the test is ended;
s105: calculating the pressure rise and the maximum possible efficiency of the air compressor under the current working condition; wherein the pressure rise is P2/P1, and the maximum possible efficiency is Pa-Pe)/Pa;
S106: judging whether the air compressor meets the current working condition requirement of the electric pile or not through pressure rise, the maximum possible efficiency, the rotating speed of the air compressor and the flow of the air flow meter; wherein, the judgment rule is specifically as follows: each parameter reaches the expected value of the current working condition;
s107: and if the current working condition requirement is met, completing the current working condition test, ending the current test or entering the next working condition point test until the N working condition points are tested.
The flow, pressure ratio and rotating speed MAP graph test process specifically comprises the following steps:
s201: uniformly selecting M rotating speed working points in the rotating speed range of the air compressor; m is greater than or equal to 20;
s202: entering a first working condition point to start testing;
s203: adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor to the rotating speed of a first working condition point through a computer controller;
s204: adjusting the opening degree of a back pressure adjusting valve from 100-10%, wherein the opening degree is reduced by 5% every time, each point enables the air compressor to be stable, the air flow is gradually reduced in the adjusting process of the back pressure adjusting valve, when the back pressure adjusting valve is adjusted, the flow is not reduced any more, or the air compressor knocks, the back pressure adjusting valve is stopped to be adjusted, and at the moment, data of each stable point are recorded; the data for the steady state point includes: the air compressor rotating speed, the flow rate of an air compressor flow meter, the pressure P1 of inlet air, the actual temperature T2 of air entering a pile and the actual pressure P2 of an air compressor outlet;
s205: after the test of the current rotating speed working condition point is finished, the next rotating speed working condition point test is carried out until all the M rotating speed working condition points are tested;
s206: and drawing a MAP graph of the flow rate, the rotation speed and the pressure ratio according to the recorded rotation speed, the flow rate and the pressure ratio of the air compressor, namely P2/P1.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: through the test to the fuel cell air compressor machine, can effectively improve the empty filter of output of fuel cell pile, further better can control the fuel cell engine.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a testing arrangement suitable for fuel cell air compressor machine which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a filter, an air compressor, a heat exchanger, a radiator, an air flow meter, a back pressure regulating valve and a flow controller;
the filter is connected with an inlet of the air compressor;
the outlet of the air compressor is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger;
an outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with an air flow meter FM 1;
the outlet of the air flow meter FM1 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the backpressure regulating valve, and the other path is connected to the flow controller; the back pressure regulating valve is used for controlling the pressure of the outlet of the air compressor; the flow controller is used for simulating the actual oxygen consumption of the galvanic pile;
the heat exchanger exchanges heat through the radiator;
the radiator is electrically connected with the computer controller through the radiator PWM speed regulator;
the radiator controls the rotating speed of a radiating fan through a radiator PWM speed regulator, and further controls the air inlet temperature.
2. The testing device suitable for the fuel cell air compressor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor are also arranged between the inlet of the air compressor and the filter; the first temperature sensor collects the actual temperature T1 of the fresh air; the first pressure sensor collects the pressure P1 of the inlet air.
3. The testing device suitable for the fuel cell air compressor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a second temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor are arranged between the air flow meter FM1 and the back pressure regulating valve; the second temperature sensor is used for monitoring the actual temperature T2 of the air inlet stack; the second pressure sensor is used for monitoring the actual pressure P2 of the outlet of the air compressor.
4. The testing device suitable for the fuel cell air compressor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air compressor is also electrically connected with the computer controller through the voltage and current detection unit and the air compressor controller in sequence;
the air compressor controls the rotating speed of the air compressor through an air compressor controller, monitors the real-time current and voltage of the air compressor through a voltage and current detection unit, and calculates the real-time power P of the air compressor.
5. The testing device for the air compressor of the fuel cell as set forth in claim 2 or 3, wherein: the first temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor, the second temperature sensor, the second pressure sensor, the back pressure regulating valve and the flow controller are all electrically connected with the computer controller.
6. The testing device suitable for the fuel cell air compressor of claim 4, wherein: the working principle of the device is as follows:
inputting the simulated working conditions of the fuel cell stack into a computer controller to obtain the set flow, pressure and temperature of air under each working condition and the actual consumption of the fuel cell, and controlling the flow, pressure and temperature of the air compressor to reach the flow, pressure and temperature under the working conditions, and simulating the actual consumption of oxygen through a flow controller;
the test process comprises a matching fuel cell stack test process and a flow, pressure ratio and rotating speed MAP graph test process.
7. The testing device suitable for the fuel cell air compressor of claim 6, wherein: the matched fuel cell stack testing process specifically comprises the following steps:
s101: introducing the simulated working conditions of the fuel cell stack into a computer controller, wherein the simulated working conditions comprise N different working condition points; each operating point comprises the power P of the electric pile under the operating conditionaRequired flow rate FbAir pressure in pile PcAnd the flow rate of oxygen consumed Fd;
S102: opening the testing device, confirming that the water quantity of the cooling water is normal, and entering a first working condition point for testing;
s103: recording the test starting time, and judging whether the first working condition point reaches a steady state; the steady state specifically refers to: each index under the working condition point is kept stable within a certain time;
s104: if the steady state is reached, recording the data of the current working condition point, and entering the step S105; the current operating point data includes: current, voltage and power P of air compressoreThe rotating speed, the actual temperature T1 of the fresh air, the pressure P1 of inlet air, the actual temperature T2 of air entering a stack, the actual pressure P2 of an outlet of an air compressor, the flow rate of an air flow meter, the flow rate of a flow controller, the time for reaching a steady state, the opening degree of a back pressure regulating valve and the power of a radiator fan; if the steady state is not reached, the test is ended;
s105: calculating the pressure rise and the maximum possible efficiency of the air compressor under the current working condition; wherein the pressure rise is P2/P1, and the maximum possible efficiency is Pa-Pe)/Pa;
S106: judging whether the air compressor meets the current working condition requirement of the electric pile or not through pressure rise, the maximum possible efficiency, the rotating speed of the air compressor and the flow of the air flow meter; wherein, the judgment rule is specifically as follows: each parameter reaches the expected value of the current working condition;
s107: and if the current working condition requirement is met, completing the current working condition test, ending the current test or entering the next working condition point test until the N working condition points are tested.
8. The testing device suitable for the fuel cell air compressor of claim 6, wherein: the flow, pressure ratio and rotating speed MAP graph test process specifically comprises the following steps:
s201: uniformly selecting M rotating speed working points in the rotating speed range of the air compressor; m is greater than or equal to 20;
s202: entering a first working condition point to start testing;
s203: adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor to the rotating speed of a first working condition point through a computer controller;
s204: adjusting the opening degree of a back pressure adjusting valve from 100-10%, wherein the opening degree is reduced by 5% every time, each point enables the air compressor to be stable, the air flow is gradually reduced in the adjusting process of the back pressure adjusting valve, when the back pressure adjusting valve is adjusted, the flow is not reduced any more, or the air compressor knocks, the back pressure adjusting valve is stopped to be adjusted, and at the moment, data of each stable point are recorded; the data for the steady state point includes: the air compressor rotating speed, the flow rate of an air compressor flow meter, the pressure P1 of inlet air, the actual temperature T2 of air entering a pile and the actual pressure P2 of an air compressor outlet;
s205: after the test of the current rotating speed working condition point is finished, the next rotating speed working condition point test is carried out until all the M rotating speed working condition points are tested;
s206: and drawing a MAP graph of the flow rate, the rotation speed and the pressure ratio according to the recorded rotation speed, the flow rate and the pressure ratio of the air compressor, namely P2/P1.
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CN202111600661.4A CN114400352A (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Testing arrangement suitable for fuel cell air compressor machine |
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