CN114399940A

CN114399940A - Electromagnet magnetic force influence factor test device

Info

Publication number: CN114399940A
Application number: CN202210012478.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘时友
Original assignee: Chongqing Tongliang Yuquan Primary School
Current assignee: Chongqing Tongliang Yuquan Primary School
Priority date: 2022-01-07
Filing date: 2022-01-07
Publication date: 2022-04-26

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnet magnetic force influence factor test device in the technical field of teaching tools, which comprises a bottom plate, a lifting device, an electronic scale, a test iron block and an electromagnet, wherein the electromagnet comprises an iron rod, a coil and a power supply, wherein the coil is wound on the circumferential surface of the iron rod; compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic force testing device has the advantages that the electromagnetic force testing device can be used for carrying out controlled variable testing to research factors influencing the magnetic force of the electromagnet, the integration is strong, one teaching aid can solve various test researches, the test effect is obvious, the data is stable, no needle is involved, the safety is high, and the teaching is facilitated.

Description

Electromagnet magnetic force influence factor test device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of teaching aids, in particular to a device for testing influence factors of electromagnet magnetic force.

Background

The research on the magnetic force of the electromagnet is related to which factors, and is the content to be researched in section 3 and section 4 of the third chapter of the sixth grade of the primary school science and textbook edition. The teaching material is mainly designed by the teaching material, and students mainly study knowledge points related to the magnetic force, the number of batteries and the number of turns of coils. Two classical experiments were performed with the teaching materials: 1. and winding coils with different numbers of turns on the iron nails, sequentially approaching the pins under the action of the same battery, and observing the number of the suction pins. 2. A coil is wound on the iron nail, different battery sections are used for sequentially approaching the pins under the condition that the number of turns is the same, and the number of the pins is observed. Finally, the experimental conclusion is obtained: the magnetic force of the electromagnet is related to the number of turns of the coil and the current.

Through observation, the original experiment has the following defects:

(1) the wire is easy to break after being wound for many times, which causes circuit short circuit and large material loss.

(2) The battery is in a short circuit state for a long time, and the battery loss is very large.

(3) When the battery capacity is weak, the difference of the number of the sucking pins is not large, and sometimes the same number of the sucking pins is even generated. The experimental data error is larger, and the experimental conclusion is seriously influenced.

(4) During the experiment, the pins are pointed, hands are easy to hurt, and the total number of the pins needs to be counted after the experiment is completed every time, which wastes time.

In summary, the inventor proposes a device for testing the influence factor of the magnetic force of the electromagnet.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the problems that an experimental device for researching the influence factors of the electromagnet magnetic force in the prior art is easy to damage, inaccurate in result and unsafe, the experimental device for researching the influence factors of the electromagnet magnetic force is provided.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a device for testing magnetic influence factors of an electromagnet comprises a bottom plate, a lifting device, an electronic scale, a test iron block and the electromagnet, wherein the electromagnet comprises an iron rod, a coil and a power supply, the coil and the power supply are wound on the peripheral surface of the iron rod, the coil is electrically connected with the power supply, the bottom of the lifting device is fixed on the bottom plate, the top of the iron rod is detachably connected to the top of the lifting device, the test iron block is placed on a tray of the electronic scale, the test iron block is positioned right below the iron rod, the power supply is a direct-current rechargeable battery, a plurality of power supply placing grooves for containing batteries with different numbers are formed in the bottom plate, the power supplies in the plurality of power supply placing grooves are respectively provided with a positive pole and share a negative pole, the iron rod comprises a plurality of iron rods with different diameters and the same length, and the coil comprises a plurality of coils with different numbers of turns and the same cross section; the coil turns of the coil can be verified one by an experimental method for controlling variables, the diameters and the voltage of the iron rods respectively influence the magnetic force of the electromagnet, the data of a test iron block on the electronic scale is read and recorded before the electromagnet is electrified by using the electronic scale, the distance between the bottom of the iron rod and the test iron block is adjusted by adjusting the height of a lifting device, the electromagnet is electrified, the iron rods have the magnetic force, the test iron block is upwards attracted, the reading on the electronic scale is read again, the average value is read for multiple times to obtain a result, the distance between the iron rod and the test iron block in each experiment is kept the same in a control variable experiment, the relation between the south pole and the north pole of the electromagnet and the anode and the cathode of the power supply can be researched by changing the anode and the cathode of the electromagnet, and the integration is strong, a teaching aid can solve a plurality of experimental researches, and experimental effect is obvious, and data are stable, do not have the needle utensil also safer.

Further limiting, a control key is also embedded on the bottom plate and is electrically connected with the power supply and the coil; the control of the power supply is simpler and more convenient through the control key.

Further, the plurality of power supply placing grooves comprise a 3V battery groove, a 6V battery groove and a 9V battery groove, each power supply placing groove is externally connected with a positive electrode clamp, and all the power supply placing grooves share a negative electrode clamp; the arrangement of the positive electrode clamp and the negative electrode clamp is more convenient for people to connect the electromagnet circuit.

Further defined, the iron rods include 10mm diameter iron rods, 8mm diameter iron rods, 6mm diameter iron rods, and the coils include 180 turns, 320 turns, and 460 turns.

Further inject, elevating gear includes lifter, lifting power and lifting control ware, and the bottom of lifter is fixed on the bottom plate, and the top of lifter can be dismantled and be connected with the iron bar, and lifting control ware also inlays and establishes on the bottom plate, and lifting control ware is located the right side of control button, and lifting power is built-in DC power.

Further limiting, an insulating plate is horizontally fixed at the top of the lifting rod, a threaded through hole is formed in the insulating plate, external threads matched with the threaded through hole are formed in the top of the iron rod, a limiting plate penetrates through the iron rod, a positive pole column and a negative pole column are arranged on the limiting plate and are respectively electrically connected with two end heads of the coil, and pole column holes matched with the positive pole column and the negative pole column are formed in the insulating plate; set up the insulation board through the top at the lifter, pass through threaded connection with the iron rod on the insulation board, stretch out anodal post and negative pole post from the top of insulation board, make things convenient for the electrode holder to carry out the connection of circuit more, unusual convenience to the accuracy of experiment can not be influenced yet to the insulation board.

Compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic force testing device has the advantages that the electromagnetic force testing device can be used for carrying out controlled variable testing to research factors influencing the magnetic force of the electromagnet, the integration is strong, one teaching aid can solve various test researches, the test effect is obvious, the data is stable, no needle is involved, the safety is high, and the teaching is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a state where an insulating plate and an electromagnet are not mounted;

fig. 2 is a front view of a state where the electromagnet and the insulating plate are mounted.

The corresponding labels in the figures are: 1-bottom plate, 2-lifting device, 21-lifting rod, 22-lifting controller, 3-electronic scale, 31-tray, 4-test iron block, 5-iron rod, 51-limiting plate, 52-positive pole, 53-negative pole, 6-coil, 7-power supply placing groove, 8-positive pole clamp, 9-negative pole clamp, 10-control button and 11-insulating plate.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art can better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following embodiments are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, an electromagnet magnetic force influence factor test device includes a bottom plate 1, a lifting device 2, an electronic scale 3, a test iron block 4 and an electromagnet, the electromagnet includes an iron rod 5, a coil 6 wound on the circumferential surface of the iron rod 5 and a power supply, the coil 6 is electrically connected with the power supply, the bottom of the lifting device 2 is fixed on the bottom plate 1, the lifting device 2 includes a lifting rod 21, a lifting power supply and a lifting controller 22, the bottom of the lifting rod 21 is fixed on the bottom plate 1, the lifting controller 22 is also embedded on the bottom plate 1, the lifting controller 22 is located at the right side of a control key 10, and the lifting power supply is a built-in 12V dc power supply; an insulating plate 11 is horizontally fixed at the top of the lifting rod 2, a threaded through hole is formed in the insulating plate 11, external threads matched with the threaded through hole are formed in the top of the iron rod 5, a limiting plate 51 penetrates through the iron rod 5, a positive pole column 52 and a negative pole column 53 are arranged on the limiting plate 51, the positive pole column 52 and the negative pole column 53 are respectively electrically connected with two end heads of the coil 6, and pole column holes matched with the positive pole column 52 and the negative pole column 53 are formed in the insulating plate 11; the test iron block 4 is placed on a tray 31 of the electronic scale 3, the position of the test iron block 4 is positioned right below the iron bar 5, the power supply is a direct-current rechargeable battery, a plurality of power supply placing grooves 7 for accommodating batteries with different numbers are formed in the bottom plate 1, the plurality of power supply placing grooves 7 comprise a 3V battery groove, a 6V battery groove and a 9V battery groove, each power supply placing groove 7 is externally connected with an anode clamp 8, and all the power supply placing grooves 7 share one cathode clamp 9; the iron rods 5 comprise a plurality of iron rods with different diameters and the same length, and the coil 6 comprises a plurality of coils with different numbers of turns and the same cross section; a control key 10 is also embedded on the bottom plate 1, and the control key 10 is electrically connected with the power supply and the coil 6; the iron rods 5 comprise iron rods with the diameter of 10mm, iron rods with the diameter of 8mm and iron rods with the diameter of 6mm, the coils 6 comprise coils with the number of turns of 180 turns, coils with the number of 320 turns and coils with the number of 460 turns, the electronic scales 3 are commonly used, the iron rods 5 with different diameters and the coils 6 with different numbers of turns are selected according to the requirement of a control variable test, and power supplies with different voltages can be selected by selecting corresponding positive electrode clamps.

The coil 6 with different turns, the power supply placing grooves 7 and the iron rods 5 with different diameters are arranged, the influence of the number of turns of the coil 6, the diameter of the iron rod 5 and the voltage on the magnetic force of the electromagnet can be verified one by one through an experimental method for controlling variables, the data of the test iron block 4 on the electronic scale 3 is read and recorded before the electromagnet is electrified by using the electronic scale 3, then the distance between the bottom of the iron rod 5 and the test iron block 4 is adjusted by adjusting the height of the lifting device 2, then the electromagnet is electrified, the iron rod 5 is provided with the magnetic force to suck the test iron block 4 upwards, the reading on the electronic scale 3 is read again, the average value is obtained by reading for multiple times to obtain a result, the distance between the iron rod 5 and the test iron block 4 in each experiment is kept to be the same in the control variable experiment, and the relation between the north pole of the electromagnet and the positive pole and the negative pole of the power supply can be researched by changing the positive pole and the negative pole of the electromagnet, the result is more accurate, the modularization is more standard, and the safety is higher without a needle; the control of the power supply through the control key 10 is simpler and more convenient; the positive electrode clamp 8 and the negative electrode clamp 9 are arranged to facilitate connection of an electromagnet circuit; set up insulation board 11 through the top at lifter 21, pass through threaded connection with iron rod 5 on insulation board 11, stretch out positive post 52 and negative pole 53 from insulation board 11's top, make things convenient for the electrode holder to carry out the connection of circuit, unusual convenience more to insulation board 11 can not influence the accuracy of experiment yet.

The device for testing the magnetic influence factors of the electromagnet provided by the invention is described in detail, and the description of the specific embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Electromagnet magnetic force influence factor test device, including bottom plate, elevating gear, electronic scale, test iron plate and electro-magnet, its characterized in that: the electro-magnet includes the iron bar, twines coil and the power on the iron bar is global, the coil with the power electricity is connected, elevating gear's bottom is fixed on the bottom plate, the top of iron bar can be dismantled the connection and be in elevating gear's top, experimental iron plate place in on the tray of electronic scale, the position of experimental iron plate is located under the iron bar, the power is direct current rechargeable battery, set up a plurality of power standing grooves that hold different quantity batteries on the bottom plate, it is a plurality of power in the power standing groove is equallyd divide and is do not be equipped with a positive pole and share a negative pole, the iron bar includes many different, the same iron bar of length of diameter, the coil includes the coil that a plurality of turns are different, the cross section is the same.

2. The electromagnet magnetic force influence factor test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom plate is also embedded with a control key, and the control key is electrically connected with the power supply and the coil.

3. The electromagnet magnetic force influence factor test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the plurality of power supply placing grooves comprise a 3V battery groove, a 6V battery groove and a 9V battery groove, each power supply placing groove is externally connected with an anode clamp, and all the power supply placing grooves share one cathode clamp.

4. The electromagnet magnetic force influence factor test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the iron bars comprise 10 mm-diameter iron bars, 8 mm-diameter iron bars and 6 mm-diameter iron bars, and the coils comprise 180-turn coils, 320-turn coils and 460-turn coils.

5. The electromagnet magnetic influence factor test device of claim 3, wherein: the lifting device comprises a lifting rod, a lifting power supply and a lifting controller, the bottom of the lifting rod is fixed on the bottom plate, an iron rod is detachably connected to the top of the lifting rod, the lifting controller is also embedded on the bottom plate, the lifting controller is located on the right side of the control key, and the lifting power supply is a built-in direct-current power supply.

6. The electromagnet magnetic influence factor test device of claim 5, wherein: the top level of lifter is fixed with an insulation board, a screw thread through-hole has been seted up on the insulation board, the top of iron bar seted up with screw thread through-hole assorted external screw thread, the cross-under has a limiting plate on the iron bar, be equipped with anodal post and negative pole post on the limiting plate, anodal post with the negative pole post respectively with the both ends end electricity of coil is connected, seted up on the insulation board with anodal post with negative pole post assorted utmost point post hole.