CN114397732A - Polarization-maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber slow axis direction control method - Google Patents
Polarization-maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber slow axis direction control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114397732A CN114397732A CN202111573231.8A CN202111573231A CN114397732A CN 114397732 A CN114397732 A CN 114397732A CN 202111573231 A CN202111573231 A CN 202111573231A CN 114397732 A CN114397732 A CN 114397732A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007526 fusion splicing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
- G02B6/2726—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means in or on light guides, e.g. polarisation means assembled in a light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
- G02B6/2753—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means characterised by their function or use, i.e. of the complete device
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for controlling the slow axis direction of a polarization-maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber, which comprises the following steps of firstly, horizontally and fixedly placing an FA lower cover plate, an analyzer and an optical power meter on the same axis in sequence, wherein the polarization direction of the analyzer is vertical to the plane of the FA lower cover plate; then one end of the welded polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber along the axial direction is placed in a V-shaped groove on the FA lower cover plate, and the other end of the optical fiber is connected with a tail fiber of a laser light source; calculating a target extinction ratio according to the angle allowable deviation range of the slow axis direction, and further calculating a target value of the light output power; and starting the laser light source and rotating the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber to adjust the reading of the optical power meter to a target value, so that the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber can be obtained. The invention can reflect the specific slow axis direction and angle of the polarization-maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber through specific numerical values, realize the high-precision control of the slow axis direction of the polarization-maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber, and then fixedly connect the polarization-maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber with the optical fiber array structure so as to meet the requirements of the practical engineering for application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber communication, in particular to a method for controlling the slow axis direction of a polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber.
Background
Photon integration is a great development trend of optical communication devices and modules, more and more optical devices and modules relate to efficient optical coupling between chip waveguides and optical fibers, wherein the end face coupling is adopted as a more-applied coupling method, namely the end face of the chip waveguide and the end face of the optical fiber are realized through physical contact; however, since the waveguide size of the chip is usually different from the core size of the optical fiber, mode field conversion is generally required to realize mode field matching between the optical fiber and the chip. In the prior art, an SSC (spot size converter) is usually designed on a chip to expand a chip waveguide mode field, and a small segment of UHNA (ultra high numerical aperture) optical fiber is welded to a single-mode optical fiber to compress the single-mode optical fiber mode field, so that the diameter of the expanded mode field of the chip waveguide is consistent with the diameter of the compressed mode field of the single-mode optical fiber, and thus, high-efficiency coupling between the chip and the optical fiber can be realized; in practical engineering applications, the optical fiber is generally fixed to the chip by bonding via an FA (fiber array) structure.
In some application occasions, the optical fiber coupled with the chip needs to use a polarization-maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber, and the slow axis direction of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber needs to be controlled to be parallel or vertical to the upper surface of the FA so as to be aligned with the electric field direction of the chip; however, after the UHNA fiber is fusion-spliced, the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining fiber cannot be observed from the FA side. In contrast, before fusion splicing of the polarization maintaining optical fiber and the UHNA optical fiber, dotting and marking are usually performed on the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining optical fiber, and the slow axis direction is controlled by observing a mark point after the fusion splicing is completed; however, this method has low precision control and is greatly affected by human operation, and it is difficult to meet the actual polarization-maintaining optical coupling requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for controlling the slow axis direction of a polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber, which can finish the manufacture of a polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber FA with high-precision control in the slow axis direction so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for controlling the slow axis direction of a polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, sequentially horizontally and fixedly placing the FA lower cover plate, the analyzer and the optical power meter on the same axis, wherein the polarization direction of the analyzer is vertical to the plane of the FA lower cover plate;
s2, welding the polarization maintaining optical fiber and the UHNA optical fiber to form a polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber;
s3, placing one end of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber along the axial direction on an FA lower cover plate, and connecting the other end of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber with a tail fiber of a laser light source;
s4, calculating a target extinction ratio according to the angle allowable deviation range of the slow axis direction, and further calculating a target value of the light output power;
and S5, turning on the laser light source and rotating the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber to adjust the reading of the optical power meter to a target value, and further obtaining the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber.
Furthermore, a plurality of V-shaped grooves used for limiting the optical fibers are formed in the upper end face of the FA lower cover plate, and after the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber is determined, the FA upper cover plate is matched with the FA lower cover plate to clamp the optical fiber and fill optical glue for curing.
According to the technical scheme, based on the extinction ratio measurement test, the specific slow axis direction and angle of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber can be reflected through specific numerical values, the high-precision control of the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber is achieved, and then the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber is fixedly connected with the optical fiber array structure, so that the application requirements of actual engineering are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus for slow axis direction control according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical fiber array according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. an optical power meter; 2. an analyzer; 3. an FA upper cover plate; 4. a FA lower cover plate; 5. a polarization maintaining mode field converting fiber; 6. a base; 7. a laser light source.
Detailed Description
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method for controlling the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber shown in fig. 1 comprises the following steps:
s1, sequentially horizontally and fixedly placing the FA lower cover plate, the analyzer and the optical power meter on the same axis, wherein the polarization direction of the analyzer is vertical to the plane of the FA lower cover plate; specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in the preferred embodiment, the FA lower cover plate, the analyzer and the optical power meter are fixedly placed on the base and fixed by the clamp;
s2, welding the polarization maintaining optical fiber and the UHNA optical fiber to form a polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber;
s3, placing one axial end of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber on an FA lower cover plate, and connecting the other axial end of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber with a tail fiber of a laser light source; as shown in fig. 3, in a specific use, the upper end surface of the FA lower cover plate of the preferred embodiment is provided with a plurality of V-shaped grooves for limiting the optical fibers, so that the slow axis directions of a plurality of polarization maintaining mode field converting optical fibers can be sequentially controlled in batches;
s4, calculating a target extinction ratio according to the angle allowable deviation range of the slow axis direction, and further calculating a target value of the light output power;
s5, turning on a laser source and rotating the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber to adjust the reading of the optical power meter to a target value, and further obtaining the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber;
because the light intensity of the two polaroids changes along with the included angle of the transmission axes of the two polaroids, namely:
I＝I0cos2θ
in the formula I0The transmitted light intensity when the transmission axes of the two polarizing plates are parallel (θ is 0), and the relationship expressed by the above equation is called Malus (Malus) law. When the transmission axes of the two polarizers are perpendicular to each other, if the polarizers are ideal (i.e., natural light becomes completely linearly polarized after passing through the polarizers), the transmitted light intensity should be zero, so that the transmitted light intensity can be continuously changed with the change of the included angle.
However, the actual polarizer is not ideal, and the light obtained by transmitting natural light is not completely linearly polarized light but partially polarized light. Therefore, even if the transmission axes of the two polarizers are perpendicular to each other, the transmission light intensity is not zero. The ratio of the minimum transmission light intensity to the maximum transmission light intensity of the two polarizers which are parallel to each other is called extinction ratio, which is an important parameter for measuring the quality of the polarizing device; the smaller the extinction ratio, the higher the degree of polarization of the polarized light generated by the polarizing device.
In the preferred embodiment, the polarization maintaining mode field converting fiber and the analyzer are respectively equivalent to a polarizer, laser generated after a laser source is started sequentially passes through the polarization maintaining mode field converting fiber, the analyzer and the optical power meter, the polarization direction of the analyzer is known as the vertical direction, and the intensity of light is equal to the optical power of a unit area, so that the polarization direction and the angle of the polarization maintaining mode field converting fiber can be obtained through Malus law by calculating through the reading change of the optical power meter, namely the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining mode field converting fiber is obtained through the size of an extinction ratio;
meanwhile, after the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber is determined, the optical fiber is clamped and filled with optical glue for curing through the matching of the FA upper cover plate and the FA lower cover plate, and the complete polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber is processed and manufactured, so that the processing efficiency of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber is effectively improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for controlling the slow axis direction of a polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, sequentially horizontally and fixedly placing the FA lower cover plate, the analyzer and the optical power meter on the same axis, wherein the polarization direction of the analyzer is vertical to the plane of the FA lower cover plate;
s2, welding the polarization maintaining optical fiber and the UHNA optical fiber to form a polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber;
s3, placing one end of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber along the axial direction on an FA lower cover plate, and connecting the other end of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber with a tail fiber of a laser light source;
s4, calculating a target extinction ratio according to the angle allowable deviation range of the slow axis direction, and further calculating a target value of the light output power;
and S5, turning on the laser light source and rotating the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber to adjust the reading of the optical power meter to a target value, and further obtaining the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber.
2. The method for controlling the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of V-shaped grooves for limiting the optical fiber are formed in the upper end surface of the FA lower cover plate, and after the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber is determined, the FA upper cover plate is matched with the FA lower cover plate to clamp the optical fiber and fill optical glue for curing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111573231.8A CN114397732A (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Polarization-maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber slow axis direction control method |
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| CN202111573231.8A CN114397732A (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Polarization-maintaining mode field conversion optical fiber slow axis direction control method |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004170732A (en) * | 2002-11-20 | 2004-06-17 | Fujikura Ltd | Method and apparatus for adjusting polarization axis of polarization plane maintaining optical fiber |
| CN102279094A (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2011-12-14 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Apparatus and method for calibrating transmission axis of polaroid |
| CN109655231A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-04-19 | 湖北三江航天红峰控制有限公司 | 2 × 2 polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter working shaft detection methods of one kind and system |
| CN110133804A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-16 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | It is a kind of for free space optical to polarization maintaining optical fibre couple to shaft device and method |
-
2021
- 2021-12-21 CN CN202111573231.8A patent/CN114397732A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004170732A (en) * | 2002-11-20 | 2004-06-17 | Fujikura Ltd | Method and apparatus for adjusting polarization axis of polarization plane maintaining optical fiber |
| CN102279094A (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2011-12-14 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Apparatus and method for calibrating transmission axis of polaroid |
| CN109655231A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-04-19 | 湖北三江航天红峰控制有限公司 | 2 × 2 polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter working shaft detection methods of one kind and system |
| CN110133804A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-16 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | It is a kind of for free space optical to polarization maintaining optical fibre couple to shaft device and method |
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