CN114397656A - Dynamic asphalt pavement thickness adjusting method based on three-dimensional ground penetrating radar - Google Patents

Dynamic asphalt pavement thickness adjusting method based on three-dimensional ground penetrating radar Download PDF

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CN114397656A
CN114397656A CN202210032782.1A CN202210032782A CN114397656A CN 114397656 A CN114397656 A CN 114397656A CN 202210032782 A CN202210032782 A CN 202210032782A CN 114397656 A CN114397656 A CN 114397656A
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thickness
value
asphalt
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李鹏飞
胡观峰
王大为
陶洁璇
王东旭
洪斌
吕浩天
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Heilongjiang Highway Construction Center
Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
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Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
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    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
    • G01B15/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons for measuring thickness

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Abstract

A method for dynamically adjusting the thickness of an asphalt pavement based on a three-dimensional ground penetrating radar belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional ground penetrating radar detection. The method aims to solve the problems of inconvenient operation and large workload in manual real-time paving thickness inspection and the problems of low accuracy and poor representativeness of detection results. The method comprises the steps of firstly, collecting three-dimensional ground penetrating radar data, identifying and tracking a lower-layer asphalt surface continuous signal and an asphalt layer bottom continuous signal in a radar image, and calculating to obtain an asphalt pavement thickness data set; then dividing the asphalt pavement into paving adjustment units, and calculating the thickness mean value of each unit; and calculating a thickness compensation value required by a standard acceptance standard thickness representative value and a thickness compensation value required by a minimum thickness value based on the design value of the thickness of the lower-layer asphalt layer and the minimum value of the thickness of the lower-layer asphalt layer respectively, determining an upper-layer asphalt layer thickness adjustment value by combining the design value of the thickness of the upper-layer asphalt layer, and further determining a unit upper-layer paving thickness adjustment value. The invention is used for dynamically adjusting the thickness of the asphalt pavement.

Description

一种基于三维探地雷达的沥青路面厚度动态调整方法A dynamic adjustment method of asphalt pavement thickness based on three-dimensional ground penetrating radar

技术领域：Technical field:

本发明属于三维探地雷达检测技术领域，尤其是涉及一种基于三维探地雷达的沥青路面厚度动态调整方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional ground penetrating radar detection, in particular to a method for dynamically adjusting the thickness of an asphalt pavement based on three-dimensional ground penetrating radar.

背景技术：Background technique:

沥青路面厚度是工程质量控制和养护最为重要的指标之一。新建沥青路面厚度或加铺层厚度是否达到设计厚度是施工质量评价的基础；沥青路面面层指标也是计算道路结构层模量中最重要的一步，极大地影响沥青路面使用寿命。Asphalt pavement thickness is one of the most important indicators for engineering quality control and maintenance. Whether the thickness of new asphalt pavement or overlay layer reaches the design thickness is the basis for construction quality evaluation; asphalt pavement surface index is also the most important step in calculating the modulus of road structural layer, which greatly affects the service life of asphalt pavement.

在新建沥青路面摊铺沥青时，由于基层顶面平整度较差以及施工过程中摊铺设备调整不佳等因素，容易出现厚度不足区域比例较高问题。新建沥青路面由于基层顶面平整度较差以及摊铺施工过程中摊铺设备调整不佳等因素容易出现沥青层厚度不足的薄弱区域，造成厚度分布合格率不达标等施工质量问题。When paving asphalt on a new asphalt pavement, due to factors such as the poor flatness of the top surface of the base and the poor adjustment of the paving equipment during the construction process, the problem of a high proportion of areas with insufficient thickness is likely to occur. Due to the poor flatness of the top surface of the base layer and the poor adjustment of the paving equipment during the paving construction process, the newly built asphalt pavement is prone to weak areas with insufficient asphalt layer thickness, resulting in construction quality problems such as substandard thickness distribution qualification rate.

实际中往往都是先按设计值进行摊铺，摊铺过程中通过人工实时检查摊铺厚度是否符合规范，因此存在以下问题：In practice, the paving is usually carried out according to the design value first, and the paving thickness is checked manually in real time during the paving process to see if the paving thickness conforms to the specification. Therefore, there are the following problems:

1、人工实时检查摊铺厚度不仅操作不便，工作量大，而且测量结果因人、环境等因素的改变有很大差异；最重要的是，人工方法能得到的样本点数量过少，在一个截面一般只能取2～3个点位测量的厚度取均值作为代表值，这样的数据并不十分有代表性，因此检测结果准确率低。1. Manual real-time inspection of paving thickness is not only inconvenient to operate, but also has a large workload, and the measurement results vary greatly due to changes in human, environmental and other factors; the most important thing is that the number of sample points that can be obtained by manual methods is too small. Generally, only the thickness measured at 2 to 3 points can be taken as the representative value of the cross section. Such data is not very representative, so the accuracy of the test results is low.

2、上层沥青摊铺厚度工程应用中一般直接采用设计值，这样不仅与实际下层可能存在薄弱区域的情况不符，而且还可能造成沥青摊铺过厚，影响道路整体强度和工程经济性。2. The design value is generally used directly in the engineering application of the upper layer asphalt paving thickness, which not only does not match the actual situation that there may be weak areas in the lower layer, but also may cause the asphalt paving to be too thick, affecting the overall strength of the road and engineering economy.

发明内容：Invention content:

本发明的目的是为了解决人工实时检查摊铺厚度存在操作不便、工作量大的问题以及检测结果准确率低、代表性差的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of inconvenient operation and heavy workload of manual real-time inspection of paving thickness, as well as the problems of low accuracy and poor representativeness of detection results.

一种基于三维探地雷达的沥青路面厚度动态调整方法，包括如下步骤：A method for dynamically adjusting the thickness of asphalt pavement based on three-dimensional ground penetrating radar, comprising the following steps:

步骤1：利用三维探地雷达系统采集路幅全断面三维数据点阵，即三维探地雷达数据；Step 1: Use the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar system to collect the full-section three-dimensional data lattice of the road width, that is, the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar data;

步骤2：识别追踪雷达图像中的下层沥青表面连续信号以及沥青层底部连续信号，计算得到沥青路面厚度进而获得沥青路面厚度数据集di；Step 2: Identify the continuous signal of the underlying asphalt surface and the continuous signal of the bottom of the asphalt layer in the tracking radar image, calculate the asphalt pavement thickness, and then obtain the asphalt pavement thickness data set d i ;

步骤3：将沥青路面划分成摊铺调整单元，利用厚度数据集di，计算各单元的厚度均值

Figure BDA0003467176220000011
基于下层沥青层厚度设计值dd得到基于规范验收标准厚度代表值要求的厚度补偿值Δds，并基于下层沥青层厚度最小值ddm得到基于规范验收标准厚度极小值要求的厚度补偿值Δdm；Step 3: Divide the asphalt pavement into paving adjustment units, and use the thickness data set d i to calculate the average thickness of each unit
Figure BDA0003467176220000011
Based on the design value d d of the thickness of the underlying asphalt layer, the thickness compensation value Δd s based on the representative value of the standard acceptance standard thickness is obtained, and based on the minimum thickness d dm of the underlying asphalt layer, the thickness compensation value Δd based on the minimum thickness requirement of the standard acceptance standard is obtained m ;

步骤4：根据Δds、Δdm和上层沥青层厚度设计值dus确定上层沥青层厚度调整值du，进而根据上层沥青层厚度调整值du确定单元上层摊铺厚度调整值D。Step 4: Determine the upper layer asphalt layer thickness adjustment value du according to Δd s , Δd m and the upper layer asphalt layer thickness design value du , and then determine the upper layer paving thickness adjustment value D of the unit according to the upper layer asphalt layer thickness adjustment value du .

进一步地，步骤2中在识别追踪雷达图像中的下层沥青表面连续信号以及沥青层底部连续信号之前需要对三维探地雷达数据记性预处理，预处理的过程包括以下步骤：Further, in step 2, before identifying the continuous signal on the lower asphalt surface and the continuous signal at the bottom of the asphalt layer in the tracking radar image, it is necessary to preprocess the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar data. The preprocessing process includes the following steps:

首先将三维探地雷达数据从采集软件中导出，然后利用雷达信息处理软件3drExaminer，对三维探地雷达数据进行时频转换、地面线取直、滤波、增益、背景去除处理。Firstly, the 3D GPR data is exported from the acquisition software, and then the 3D GPR data is processed by time-frequency conversion, ground line straightening, filtering, gain, and background removal by using the radar information processing software 3drExaminer.

进一步地，在划分摊铺调整单元时将沥青路面划分成200m的摊铺调整单元。Further, when dividing the paving adjustment units, the asphalt pavement is divided into 200m paving adjustment units.

进一步地，基于下层沥青层厚度设计值dd得到基于规范验收标准厚度代表值要求的厚度补偿值Δds的过程如下：Further, the process of obtaining the thickness compensation value Δd s based on the design value d d of the thickness of the underlying asphalt layer based on the thickness representative value of the specification acceptance standard is as follows:

Figure BDA0003467176220000021
Figure BDA0003467176220000021

式中，Δds为基于厚度代表值要求的厚度补偿值；dd为下层沥青层厚度设计值；δ1为沥青层总厚度代表值允许偏差；dt为沥青层总厚度设计值；

Figure BDA0003467176220000022
为下层沥青层厚度均值。In the formula, Δd s is the thickness compensation value required based on the representative thickness value; d d is the design value of the thickness of the lower asphalt layer; δ 1 is the allowable deviation of the representative value of the total thickness of the asphalt layer; d t is the design value of the total thickness of the asphalt layer;
Figure BDA0003467176220000022
is the mean thickness of the underlying asphalt layer.

进一步地，基于下层沥青层厚度最小值ddm得到基于规范验收标准厚度极小值要求的厚度补偿值Δdm的过程如下：Further, based on the minimum thickness d dm of the underlying asphalt layer, the process of obtaining the thickness compensation value Δd m based on the minimum thickness requirement of the specification acceptance criteria is as follows:

Δdm＝dd-δ2×dt-ddm (2)Δd m =d d -δ 2 ×d t -d dm (2)

式中，Δdm为基于厚度极小值要求的厚度补偿值；dd为下层沥青层厚度设计值；δ2为沥青层总厚度极小值允许偏差；dt为沥青层总厚度设计值；ddm为下层沥青层厚度最小值。In the formula, Δd m is the thickness compensation value based on the minimum thickness requirement; d d is the design value of the thickness of the lower asphalt layer; δ 2 is the allowable deviation of the minimum value of the total thickness of the asphalt layer; d t is the design value of the total thickness of the asphalt layer; d dm is the minimum thickness of the underlying asphalt layer.

进一步地，步骤4所述根据Δds、Δdm和上层沥青层厚度设计值dus确定上层沥青层厚度调整值du的过程包括以下步骤：Further, the process of determining the thickness adjustment value d u of the upper asphalt layer according to Δd s , Δd m and the upper asphalt layer thickness design value d us described in step 4 includes the following steps:

首先计算同时满足厚度代表值和厚度极小值的上层厚度补偿值：First, calculate the upper layer thickness compensation value that satisfies both the thickness representative value and the thickness minimum value:

Δd＝max(Δds，Δdm) (3)Δd=max(Δd s , Δd m ) (3)

式中，Δd为厚度补偿值；Δds为基于厚度代表值要求的厚度补偿值；Δdm为基于厚度极小值要求的厚度补偿值；In the formula, Δd is the thickness compensation value; Δd s is the thickness compensation value required based on the thickness representative value; Δd m is the thickness compensation value required based on the thickness minimum value;

然后计算同时满足厚度代表值和厚度极小值的上层厚度调整值：Then calculate the upper layer thickness adjustment value that satisfies both the thickness representative value and the thickness minimum value:

du＝max(Δd+dus，dus) (4)d u =max(Δd+d us , du us ) (4)

式中，du为沥青路面上层厚度调整值；Δd为厚度补偿值；dus为上层沥青层设计厚度。where d u is the adjustment value of the upper layer thickness of the asphalt pavement; Δd is the thickness compensation value; d us is the design thickness of the upper asphalt layer.

进一步地，步骤4所述根据上层沥青层厚度调整值du确定单元上层摊铺厚度调整值D的过程包括以下步骤：Further, the process of determining the adjustment value D of the upper layer paving thickness of the unit according to the upper layer asphalt layer thickness adjustment value d u described in step 4 includes the following steps:

D＝K×du (5)D=K×d u (5)

式中，D为单元上层摊铺厚度调整值；K为摊铺施工采用的松铺系数；du为沥青路面上层厚度调整值。In the formula, D is the adjustment value of the paving thickness of the upper layer of the unit; K is the loose paving coefficient used in the paving construction; d u is the adjustment value of the thickness of the upper layer of the asphalt pavement.

本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

本发明所述的一种基于三维探地雷达的沥青路面厚度动态调整方法，关键在于实现了沥青路面厚度的动态调整，创新性地将沥青路面划分为摊铺调整单元，并利用了算式(1)～(5)得到上层摊铺厚度补偿值，这与现有技术完全不同，本发明能够有效解决现有沥青路面摊铺厚度均匀性分析、评价与解决措施方面的问题，极大地节省人力、提高效率、提高检测准确率。The key of the method for dynamically adjusting the thickness of the asphalt pavement based on the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar of the present invention is to realize the dynamic adjustment of the thickness of the asphalt pavement, innovatively divide the asphalt pavement into paving adjustment units, and use the formula (1) ) to (5) to obtain the upper layer paving thickness compensation value, which is completely different from the prior art. The present invention can effectively solve the problems in the analysis, evaluation and solving measures of the existing asphalt pavement thickness uniformity, greatly saving manpower, Improve efficiency and improve detection accuracy.

同时本发明基于三维探地雷达实现动态调整，能够有效克服二维探地雷达测量沥青路面厚度时范围窄、代表性一般，路面材料介电常数难以自主标定等缺点。将三维探地雷达应用于沥青路面厚度检测，其采用多通道天线可以实现全断面扫描，是适用于开展大面积路面厚度快速无损检测的一种新手段，可以极大地提升检测准确率。At the same time, the invention realizes dynamic adjustment based on three-dimensional ground penetrating radar, and can effectively overcome the shortcomings of narrow range and general representation when measuring asphalt pavement thickness by two-dimensional ground penetrating radar, and difficulty in self-calibrating the permittivity of pavement materials. The application of 3D ground penetrating radar to asphalt pavement thickness detection can realize full-section scanning by using multi-channel antennas.

附图说明：Description of drawings:

图1为一种基于三维探地雷达的沥青路面厚度动态调整方法流程图。Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for dynamic adjustment of asphalt pavement thickness based on three-dimensional ground penetrating radar.

具体实施方式：Detailed ways:

为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明了，下面通过附图中示出的具体实施例来描述本发明。但是应该理解，这些描述只是示例性的，而并非要限制本发明的范围。此外，在以下说明中，省略了对公知结构和技术的描述，以避免不必要地混淆本发明的概念。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described below through specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that these descriptions are exemplary only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Also, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of the present invention.

在此，还需要说明的是，为了避免因不必要的细节而模糊了本发明，在附图中仅仅示出了与根据本发明的方案密切相关的结构和/或处理步骤，而省略了与本发明关系不大的其他细节。Here, it should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, and the related structures and/or processing steps are omitted. Other details not relevant to the invention.

具体实施方式一：结合图1说明本实施方式，Embodiment 1: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 ,

本实施方式所述的一种基于三维探地雷达的沥青路面厚度动态调整方法，包括以下步骤：A method for dynamically adjusting the thickness of an asphalt pavement based on a three-dimensional ground penetrating radar described in this embodiment includes the following steps:

步骤1：进行三维探地雷达选择、安装、准备工作，本实施方式中采用频率步进式雷达；准备完成后对待检测沥青路面下层沥青层进行雷达无损检测，即利用三维探地雷达系统采集路幅全断面三维数据点阵，即三维探地雷达数据；三个纬度的数据分别是：行车方向为x轴，深度方向为z轴的纵切面数据；行车方向垂直的方向为y轴，深度方向为z轴的横切面数据；行车方向为x轴，行车方向垂直方向为y轴的各个深度下的水平切面数据；Step 1: Carry out the selection, installation, and preparation of the 3D GPR. In this embodiment, a frequency stepping radar is used; after the preparation is completed, a radar non-destructive detection is performed on the asphalt layer of the asphalt pavement to be detected, that is, the 3D GPR system is used to collect the road surface. Full-section 3D data lattice, that is, 3D ground penetrating radar data; the data of the three latitudes are: longitudinal section data with the driving direction as the x-axis and the depth direction as the z-axis; the vertical direction of the driving direction is the y-axis and the depth direction. is the cross-section data of the z-axis; the driving direction is the x-axis, and the vertical direction of the driving direction is the horizontal section data at each depth of the y-axis;

步骤2：将三维探地雷达数据从采集软件中导出，利用雷达信息处理软件3drExaminer，对三维探地雷达数据进行时频转换、地面线取直、滤波、增益、背景去除处理，去除原始信号中的干扰、杂波以及多次波的影响，识别追踪雷达图像中的下层沥青表面连续信号以及沥青层底部连续信号，计算得到沥青路面厚度进而获得沥青路面厚度数据集di；Step 2: Export the 3D GPR data from the acquisition software, and use the radar information processing software 3drExaminer to perform time-frequency conversion, ground line straightening, filtering, gain, and background removal on the 3D GPR data to remove the original signal. According to the influence of interference, clutter and multiple waves, identify the continuous signal of the lower asphalt surface and the continuous signal of the bottom of the asphalt layer in the tracking radar image, calculate the asphalt pavement thickness and then obtain the asphalt pavement thickness data set d i ;

识别追踪雷达图像中的下层沥青表面连续信号以及沥青层底部连续信号是基于雷达信息处理软件自带的功能实现的，通过边缘检测算法进行层位信号识别，从而实现识别追踪雷达图像中的下层沥青表面连续信号以及沥青层底部连续信号。而厚度数据是根据层位识别结果，用下层连续信号的深度坐标减去上层信号的深度坐标，确定各层位间的厚度，统计各点得到层厚数据集；本发明只需要两个层位的厚度数据(下层沥青层厚度和上层沥青层厚度)，对测点没有特殊要求，只需要保证路面厚度较为均匀连续即可。The identification and tracking radar image of the continuous signal of the lower asphalt surface and the continuous signal of the bottom of the asphalt layer is realized based on the function of the radar information processing software. The edge detection algorithm is used to identify the layer signal, so as to realize the identification of the underlying asphalt in the tracking radar image. Continuous signal at the surface and continuous signal at the bottom of the asphalt layer. The thickness data is based on the layer recognition result, subtracting the depth coordinate of the upper layer signal from the depth coordinate of the lower layer continuous signal to determine the thickness between each layer, and counts each point to obtain a layer thickness data set; the present invention only needs two layers. The thickness data (the thickness of the lower asphalt layer and the thickness of the upper asphalt layer), there is no special requirement for the measuring points, only need to ensure that the thickness of the pavement is relatively uniform and continuous.

步骤3：按照施工质量和经济性要求，将沥青路面划分成200m的摊铺调整单元，利用厚度数据集di，计算各单元的厚度均值

Figure BDA0003467176220000041
同时，分别基于下层沥青层厚度设计值dd、下层沥青层厚度最小值ddm计算基于规范验收标准厚度代表值要求的厚度补偿值Δds、厚度极小值要求的厚度补偿值Δdm；所述下层沥青层厚度的设计值dd和最小值ddm是针对该工程施工设计书中给定的标准值；Step 3: According to the requirements of construction quality and economy, divide the asphalt pavement into 200m paving adjustment units, and use the thickness data set d i to calculate the average thickness of each unit
Figure BDA0003467176220000041
At the same time, based on the design value d d of the thickness of the lower asphalt layer and the minimum thickness d dm of the lower asphalt layer, the thickness compensation value Δd s and the thickness compensation value Δdm required by the minimum thickness value are calculated based on the standard acceptance standard thickness representative value respectively; The design value d d and the minimum value d dm of the thickness of the lower asphalt layer are the standard values given in the construction design book for this project;

计算基于规范验收标准厚度代表值要求的厚度补偿值：Calculate the thickness compensation value required based on the code acceptance standard thickness representative value:

Figure BDA0003467176220000042
Figure BDA0003467176220000042

式中，Δds为基于厚度代表值要求的厚度补偿值；dd为下层沥青层厚度设计值；δ1为沥青层总厚度代表值允许偏差；dt为沥青层总厚度设计值；

Figure BDA0003467176220000043
为下层沥青层厚度均值。In the formula, Δd s is the thickness compensation value required based on the representative thickness value; d d is the design value of the thickness of the lower asphalt layer; δ 1 is the allowable deviation of the representative value of the total thickness of the asphalt layer; d t is the design value of the total thickness of the asphalt layer;
Figure BDA0003467176220000043
is the mean thickness of the underlying asphalt layer.

计算基于规范验收标准厚度极小值要求的厚度补偿值：Calculate thickness compensation based on code acceptance criteria thickness minimum requirements:

Δdm＝dd-δ2×dt-ddm (2)Δd m =d d -δ 2 ×d t -d dm (2)

式中，Δdm为基于厚度极小值要求的厚度补偿值；dd为下层沥青层厚度设计值；δ2为沥青层总厚度极小值允许偏差；dt为沥青层总厚度设计值；ddm为下层沥青层厚度最小值。In the formula, Δd m is the thickness compensation value based on the minimum thickness requirement; d d is the design value of the thickness of the lower asphalt layer; δ 2 is the allowable deviation of the minimum value of the total thickness of the asphalt layer; d t is the design value of the total thickness of the asphalt layer; d dm is the minimum thickness of the underlying asphalt layer.

步骤4：根据Δds、Δdm和上层沥青层厚度设计值dus确定上层沥青层厚度调整值du，进而确定单元上层摊铺厚度调整值D。Step 4: Determine the upper layer asphalt layer thickness adjustment value du according to Δd s , Δd m and the upper layer asphalt layer thickness design value du , and then determine the upper layer paving thickness adjustment value D of the unit.

计算同时满足厚度代表值和厚度极小值的上层厚度补偿值：Calculate the upper layer thickness compensation value that satisfies both the thickness representative value and the thickness minimum value:

Δd＝max(Δds，Δdm) (3)Δd=max(Δd s , Δd m ) (3)

式中，Δd为厚度补偿值；Δds为基于厚度代表值要求的厚度补偿值；Δdm为基于厚度极小值要求的厚度补偿值。In the formula, Δd is the thickness compensation value; Δd s is the thickness compensation value required based on the thickness representative value; Δd m is the thickness compensation value required based on the thickness minimum value.

计算同时满足厚度代表值和厚度极小值的上层厚度调整值：Calculate the upper layer thickness adjustment value that satisfies both the thickness representative value and the thickness minimum value:

du＝max(Δd+dus，dus) (4)d u =max(Δd+d us , du us ) (4)

式中，du为沥青路面上层厚度调整值；Δd为厚度补偿值；dus为上层沥青层设计厚度。where d u is the adjustment value of the upper layer thickness of the asphalt pavement; Δd is the thickness compensation value; d us is the design thickness of the upper asphalt layer.

据上层摊铺松铺系数，确定单元上层摊铺厚度调整值：According to the loose paving coefficient of the upper paving, determine the adjustment value of the upper paving thickness of the unit:

D＝K×du (5)D=K×d u (5)

式中，D为单元上层摊铺厚度调整值；K为摊铺施工采用的松铺系数，根据混合料的类型和压实工艺确定；du为沥青路面上层厚度调整值。In the formula, D is the adjustment value of the paving thickness of the upper layer of the unit; K is the loose paving coefficient used in the paving construction, which is determined according to the type of mixture and the compaction process; d u is the adjustment value of the thickness of the upper layer of the asphalt pavement.

实施例Example

某新建高速公路设计要求沥青层总厚度代表值允许偏差为0.9cm，即要求大于17.1cm；单检测点沥青层总厚度值允许偏差为1.8cm(10％)，即要求大于16.2cm。此次项目在中面层施工完成后，拟对上面层施工厚度进行调整，上面层混合料摊铺的松铺系数采用1.24。The design of a new expressway requires that the allowable deviation of the representative value of the total thickness of the asphalt layer is 0.9cm, which is required to be greater than 17.1cm; the allowable deviation of the total thickness of the asphalt layer at a single detection point is 1.8cm (10%), that is, it is required to be greater than 16.2cm. After the construction of the middle surface layer is completed in this project, it is planned to adjust the construction thickness of the upper layer, and the loose paving coefficient of the mixed material paving of the upper layer is 1.24.

在上层铺筑前以及上层铺筑后，均采用三维探地雷达对K0+000～K5+000右幅，总长为6km的段落进行沥青层厚度检测。采用施工厚度动态调整技术进行上层施工厚度调整，路段长度为6km，将其划分为30段单元，编号为1～30。以其中某个单元计算为例，计算结果如下表：Before and after the upper layer is laid, three-dimensional ground penetrating radar is used to detect the thickness of the asphalt layer on the right frame of K0+000~K5+000, with a total length of 6km. The construction thickness of the upper layer is adjusted by the dynamic adjustment technology of construction thickness. The length of the road section is 6km, which is divided into 30 sections, numbered 1 to 30. Taking the calculation of one of the units as an example, the calculation results are as follows:

Figure BDA0003467176220000051
Figure BDA0003467176220000051

以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Various changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A method for dynamically adjusting the thickness of an asphalt pavement based on a three-dimensional ground penetrating radar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: collecting a road width full-section three-dimensional data dot matrix, namely three-dimensional ground penetrating radar data, by using a three-dimensional ground penetrating radar system;
step 2: identifying and tracking lower-layer asphalt surface continuous signals and asphalt layer bottom continuous signals in radar images, and calculating to obtain asphalt pavement thickness so as to obtain an asphalt pavement thickness data set di；
And step 3: the asphalt pavement is divided into paving adjustment units, and a thickness data set d is utilizediCalculating the thickness average value of each unit
Figure FDA0003467176210000011
Based on the design value d of the thickness of the lower layer asphalt layerdObtaining a thickness compensation value delta d based on the requirement of the standard thickness representative valuesAnd based on the minimum value d of the thickness of the lower layer asphalt layerdmObtaining a thickness compensation value delta d based on the minimum value requirement of the standard thickness of standard acceptancem；
And 4, step 4: according to Δ ds、ΔdmAnd design value d of upper asphalt layer thicknessusDetermining the thickness adjustment value d of the upper asphalt layeruAnd further adjusting the value d according to the thickness of the upper asphalt layeruAnd determining a unit upper layer paving thickness adjusting value D.
2. The method for dynamically adjusting the thickness of the asphalt pavement based on the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, before the lower asphalt surface continuous signal and the asphalt layer bottom continuous signal in the tracking radar image are identified, the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar data needs to be processed in a memorable manner, and the processing procedure of the preprocessing comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, exporting three-dimensional ground penetrating radar data from acquisition software, and then carrying out time-frequency conversion, ground line straightening, filtering, gain and background removal processing on the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar data by utilizing radar information processing software 3 drExaminer.
3. The method for dynamically adjusting the thickness of the asphalt pavement based on the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar as claimed in claim 2, wherein the asphalt pavement is divided into 200m paving adjustment units when the paving adjustment units are divided.
4. The method for dynamically adjusting the thickness of the asphalt pavement based on the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the method is based on a design value d of the thickness of the lower asphalt layerdObtaining a thickness compensation value delta d based on the requirement of the standard thickness representative valuesThe process of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003467176210000012
in the formula,. DELTA.dsA thickness compensation value required based on the thickness representative value; ddThe thickness design value of the lower asphalt layer is obtained; delta1Allowing deviation for the representative value of the total thickness of the asphalt layers; dtDesigning a value for the total thickness of the asphalt layer;
Figure FDA0003467176210000013
is the average thickness of the lower asphalt layer.
5. The method for dynamically adjusting the thickness of the asphalt pavement based on the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method is based on the minimum value d of the thickness of the lower asphalt layerdmObtaining a thickness compensation value delta d based on the minimum value requirement of the standard thickness of standard acceptancemThe process of (2) is as follows:
Δdm＝dd-δ2×dt-ddm (2)
in the formula,. DELTA.dmThe thickness compensation value is based on the requirement of the minimum thickness value; ddThe thickness design value of the lower asphalt layer is obtained; delta2Allowing deviation for the minimum value of the total thickness of the asphalt layer; dtDesigning a value for the total thickness of the asphalt layer; ddmIs the minimum value of the thickness of the lower asphalt layer.
6. The method for dynamically adjusting the thickness of the asphalt pavement based on the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step 4 is based on Δ ds、ΔdmAnd design value d of upper asphalt layer thicknessusDetermining the thickness adjustment value d of the upper asphalt layeruComprises the following steps:
first, an upper layer thickness compensation value satisfying both the thickness representative value and the thickness minimum value is calculated:
Δd＝max(Δds，Δdm) (3)
in the formula, delta d is a thickness compensation value; Δ dsA thickness compensation value required based on the thickness representative value; Δ dmThe thickness compensation value is based on the requirement of the minimum thickness value;
then, an upper layer thickness adjustment value satisfying both the thickness representative value and the thickness minimum value is calculated:
du＝max(Δd+dus，dus) (4)
in the formula (d)uAdjusting the value of the upper layer thickness of the asphalt pavement; Δ d is a thickness compensation value; dusThe thickness is designed for the upper asphalt layer.
7. The method for dynamically adjusting the thickness of the asphalt pavement based on the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step 4 is to adjust the value d according to the thickness of the upper asphalt layeruThe process of determining the unit upper layer paving thickness adjustment value D includes the steps of:
D＝K×du (5)
in the formula, D is a unit upper layer paving thickness adjusting value; k is a loose paving coefficient adopted by paving construction; duThe value is adjusted for the upper layer thickness of the asphalt pavement.
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