CN114395131A - Preparation of low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material - Google Patents

Preparation of low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114395131A
CN114395131A CN202210118243.XA CN202210118243A CN114395131A CN 114395131 A CN114395131 A CN 114395131A CN 202210118243 A CN202210118243 A CN 202210118243A CN 114395131 A CN114395131 A CN 114395131A
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polyamide elastomer
reaction
preparation
molecular
elastomer material
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CN202210118243.XA
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陶磊
乔志勇
丁长明
孙宏
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Changzhou Vocational Institute of Textile and Garment
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Changzhou Vocational Institute of Textile and Garment
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G81/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G69/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G69/40Polyamides containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G69/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G69/48Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2230/00Compositions for preparing biodegradable polymers

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material, belonging to the technical field of bio-based material processing, wherein a one-step continuous polymerization reaction process is adopted, and the one-step continuous synthesis reaction is divided into five reaction stages; the first stage is the salt forming reaction of dibasic acid and diamine monomer; the second stage is the prepolymerization of polyamide; the third stage is the polymerization of the polyamide elastomer; the fourth stage is esterification reaction of polyamide elastomer; the fifth stage is the transesterification of the esterified polyamide elastomer. The polyamide elastomer material has the advantages that the problems that the polyamide elastomer material cannot be naturally degraded, the molecular weight is low, and the mechanical property is poor are solved, the polyamide elastomer material is lighter and high in elasticity, the Shore hardness is adjustable, the polyamide elastomer material belongs to a bio-based material, and the development concept of carbon neutralization is met.

Description

Preparation of low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of processing of bio-based materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material.
Background
The polyamide elastomer is a block copolymer containing an aliphatic polyvinyl soft segment and a polyamide hard segment in a molecular main chain. The polyamide elastomer materials on the market today are not naturally degradable, have low molecular weight and poor mechanical properties. Seriously affecting its application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the existing problems and provides a preparation method of a low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material is characterized in that a one-step continuous polymerization reaction process is adopted, and the one-step continuous synthesis reaction is divided into five reaction stages;
the first stage is the salt forming reaction of the monomer of the dibasic acid and the diamine:
accurately weighing bio-based azelaic acid and hexamethylene diamine (or decamethylene diamine or dodecamethylene diamine) in equal molar ratio, adding deionized water in equal mass into a polymerization reaction kettle according to the mass sum of the azelaic acid and the corresponding diamine, starting stirring at a speed of 200-250 r/min, setting the reaction temperature at 50-80 ℃ and reacting for 1-2 h to complete the preparation reaction of ammonium salt;
the second stage is a prepolymerization of the polyamide:
continuously heating the prepared ammonium salt to 90-130 ℃ for reaction for 1-2 h, keeping the pressure in the reaction kettle at 0.1-0.4 MPa, stirring at the speed of 150-200 r/min, continuously discharging water vapor generated in the reaction kettle in the reaction process, monitoring the quality of the discharged water vapor in real time through a condensation reflux device, stopping discharging the water vapor until the quality of the discharged water vapor is 60-90% of the quality of the initially added deionized water, and finishing the prepolymerization reaction;
the third stage is the polymerization of the polyamide elastomer:
after the polyamide prepolymerization reaction is finished, immediately adding amine-terminated polyether and dicarboxylic acid through a constant-pressure feeding tank on a reaction kettle, under the protection of inert gas helium, continuously increasing the reaction temperature to 180-220 ℃, maintaining the reaction pressure in the reaction kettle to be 0.5-2.5 MPa, stirring at a speed of 100-150 r/min, slowly reducing the pressure in the reaction kettle to be normal pressure after reacting for 1-3 h, simultaneously increasing the temperature to 230-260 ℃, and then continuously reacting for 1-2 h to obtain a polyamide elastomer polymer;
the fourth stage is the esterification of the polyamide elastomer:
after the polymerization reaction of the polyamide elastomer is finished, immediately adding dihydric alcohol into a polyamide elastomer polymer through a constant-pressure feeding tank, simultaneously adjusting the reaction temperature to 220-250 ℃, controlling the pressure in a reaction kettle to be 0.01-0.2 MPa, and stirring at a speed of 100-150 r/min, so as to start esterification reaction, and finishing the esterification reaction when no condensate is discharged, thereby obtaining a polyamide elastomer esterified substance;
the fifth stage is the transesterification of the esterified polyamide elastomer:
immediately adding a polyester component and a catalyst into the polyamide elastomer esterified substance through a constant-pressure feeding tank after the esterification reaction of the polyamide elastomer is finished, raising the temperature to 250-280 ℃, vacuumizing to 500-800 Pa, adjusting the stirring speed to 50-100 r/min, carrying out the ester exchange reaction for 1-4 h under the condition, and discharging, cutting and drying after the ester exchange reaction is finished to obtain the degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer copolymer.
Further, based on the total mass of the azelaic acid, the diamine and the amine-terminated polyether, the amount of the amine-terminated polyether is 10 wt% -60 wt%, and the amount of the azelaic acid and the diamine monomer is 90 wt% -40 wt%.
Further, the dicarboxylic acid is equimolar to the polyetheramine and is used in an amount of the mass of the polyetheramine/the relative molecular weight of the dicarboxylic acid.
Further, the number average molecular weight of the polyamide elastomer prepolymer is 1000-5000; the molar ratio of the polyamide elastomer prepolymer to the diol is 1:2.1 to 1: 2.2.
Further, the amount of the polyester component is 1 to 60 wt%, preferably 10 to 50 wt%, based on the total mass of the azelaic acid and diamine monomers.
Further, the amount of the polyester component is 10 wt% to 50 wt% based on the total mass of the azelaic acid and diamine monomers.
Further, the catalyst is used in an amount of 0.1 to 2 wt% based on the total amount of the polyester component.
Further, the catalyst is used in an amount of 0.5 to 1 wt% based on the total amount of the polyester component.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the polyamide elastomer material has the advantages that the problems that the polyamide elastomer material cannot be naturally degraded, the molecular weight is low, and the mechanical property is poor are solved, the polyamide elastomer material is lighter and high in elasticity, the Shore hardness is adjustable, the polyamide elastomer material belongs to a bio-based material, and the development concept of carbon neutralization is met.
Detailed Description
For further explanation of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following specific examples.
The preparation method of the low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material is characterized in that a one-step continuous polymerization reaction process is adopted, and the one-step continuous synthesis reaction is divided into five reaction stages;
the first stage reaction: adding 940g of azelaic acid, 860g of decanediamine and 1800g of deionized water into a 10L polymerization kettle, starting stirring at a speed of 250r/min, setting the reaction temperature at 70 ℃, and reacting for 1h to obtain ammonium sebacoyldecamethylenediamine, thereby completing the preparation reaction of ammonium salt;
in the second stage of reaction, the temperature of the reaction system is continuously increased to 110 ℃, meanwhile, the pressure in the reaction kettle is kept at 0.2MPa, the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the water vapor generated in the reaction kettle is continuously discharged in the reaction process until the mass of the discharged water vapor is 80% of the mass of the initially added deionized water, and the exhaust is stopped to obtain polyamide 69(PA69) prepolymer;
and (3) a third-stage reaction: immediately adding 1200g of amine-terminated polyether with molecular weight of 2000 and 122g of sebacic acid into a constant-pressure feeding tank, continuously heating to 210 ℃ under the protection of helium, maintaining the pressure at 1.6MPa, continuously stirring at a rotating speed of 150r/min for reaction for 2 hours, slowly reducing the pressure in the reaction kettle to normal pressure, simultaneously heating to 250 ℃, and continuously reacting for 1 hour to obtain a polyamide 69 elastomer polymer;
and a fourth stage reaction: adding 1200g of butanediol into a polymerization kettle, simultaneously heating to 230 ℃, adjusting the pressure in the reaction kettle to be 0.1MPa, and stirring at a speed of 100r/min to perform esterification reaction until no condensate is discharged, and completing the esterification reaction to obtain an esterified polyamide 69 elastomer;
and a fifth stage reaction: immediately adding 700g of polycaprolactone and 4g of tetraalkoxy metal compound into a polymerization reaction kettle, simultaneously heating to 260 ℃, vacuumizing to 500Pa, stirring at the speed of 50-100 r/min, continuously carrying out ester exchange reaction for 3h, then finishing the reaction, discharging, cooling, granulating, and drying to obtain the finished product of the degradable polyamide elastomer copolymer.
The prepared degradable polyamide elastomer copolymer finished product is subjected to performance test, and specific test data are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
Physical Properties 1 2 3 4 5
Number average molecular weight 46000 52000 48000 54000 56000
Elongation at Break (%) >900 >900 >950 >950 >950
Tensile Strength (MPa) 62 58 63 66 69
Notched impact Strength (KJ/m)2) NB NB NB NB NB
Melting Point (. degree.C.) 191.4 197.3 196.1 201.2 202.6
Shore hardness (D) 35 43 46 42 39
Density (g-cm-3) 1.05 1.04 1.03 1.02 1.01
Whether or not the three-point bending process is broken Whether or not Whether or not Whether or not Whether or not Whether or not
Biodegradation Rate (%) 95 88 92 87 82
As can be seen from table 1 above, the bio-based polyamide elastomer material prepared by the method of the present application is naturally degradable, has high molecular weight and excellent mechanical properties, and has the advantages of lighter weight, high elasticity and adjustable shore hardness.

Claims (8)

1. The preparation method of the low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material is characterized in that a one-step continuous polymerization reaction process is adopted, and the one-step continuous synthesis reaction is divided into five reaction stages;
the first stage is the salt forming reaction of the monomer of the dibasic acid and the diamine:
accurately weighing bio-based azelaic acid and hexamethylene diamine (or decamethylene diamine or dodecamethylene diamine) in equal molar ratio, adding deionized water in equal mass into a polymerization reaction kettle according to the mass sum of the azelaic acid and the corresponding diamine, starting stirring at a speed of 200-250 r/min, setting the reaction temperature at 50-80 ℃ and reacting for 1-2 h to complete the preparation reaction of ammonium salt;
the second stage is a prepolymerization of the polyamide:
continuously heating the prepared ammonium salt to 90-130 ℃ for reaction for 1-2 h, keeping the pressure in the reaction kettle at 0.1-0.4 MPa, stirring at the speed of 150-200 r/min, continuously discharging water vapor generated in the reaction kettle in the reaction process, monitoring the quality of the discharged water vapor in real time through a condensation reflux device, stopping discharging the water vapor until the quality of the discharged water vapor is 60-90% of the quality of the initially added deionized water, and finishing the prepolymerization reaction;
the third stage is the polymerization of the polyamide elastomer:
after the polyamide prepolymerization reaction is finished, immediately adding amine-terminated polyether and dicarboxylic acid through a constant-pressure feeding tank on a reaction kettle, under the protection of inert gas helium, continuously increasing the reaction temperature to 180-220 ℃, maintaining the reaction pressure in the reaction kettle to be 0.5-2.5 MPa, stirring at a speed of 100-150 r/min, slowly reducing the pressure in the reaction kettle to be normal pressure after reacting for 1-3 h, simultaneously increasing the temperature to 230-260 ℃, and then continuously reacting for 1-2 h to obtain a polyamide elastomer polymer;
the fourth stage is the esterification of the polyamide elastomer:
after the polymerization reaction of the polyamide elastomer is finished, immediately adding dihydric alcohol into a polyamide elastomer polymer through a constant-pressure feeding tank, simultaneously adjusting the reaction temperature to 220-250 ℃, controlling the pressure in a reaction kettle to be 0.01-0.2 MPa, and stirring at a speed of 100-150 r/min, so as to start esterification reaction, and finishing the esterification reaction when no condensate is discharged, thereby obtaining a polyamide elastomer esterified substance;
the fifth stage is the transesterification of the esterified polyamide elastomer:
immediately adding a polyester component and a catalyst into the polyamide elastomer esterified substance through a constant-pressure feeding tank after the esterification reaction of the polyamide elastomer is finished, raising the temperature to 250-280 ℃, vacuumizing to 500-800 Pa, adjusting the stirring speed to 50-100 r/min, carrying out the ester exchange reaction for 1-4 h under the condition, and discharging, cutting and drying after the ester exchange reaction is finished to obtain the degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer copolymer.
2. The preparation method of the low-density high-molecular-weight degradable biological polyamide elastomer material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the amine-terminated polyether is 10-60 wt% and the amount of the azelaic acid and diamine monomer is 90-40 wt% based on the total mass of the azelaic acid, diamine and amine-terminated polyether.
3. The preparation method of the low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material of claim 1, wherein the dicarboxylic acid is used in an equimolar ratio of the dicarboxylic acid to the polyether amine, and the molar ratio is the mass of the polyether amine/the relative molecular weight of the polyether amine.
4. The preparation method of the low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number average molecular weight of the polyamide elastomer prepolymer is 1000-5000; the molar ratio of the polyamide elastomer prepolymer to the diol is 1:2.1 to 1: 2.2.
5. Preparation of a low density high molecular weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyester component is used in an amount of 1 to 60 wt%, preferably 10 to 50 wt%, based on the total mass of azelaic acid and diamine monomers.
6. The preparation of a low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyester component is used in an amount of 10 wt% to 50 wt% based on the total mass of the azelaic acid and diamine monomers.
7. The preparation method of the low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is used in an amount of 0.1-2 wt% based on the total amount of the polyester component.
8. The preparation method of the low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is used in an amount of 0.5-1 wt% based on the total amount of the polyester component.
CN202210118243.XA 2022-02-08 2022-02-08 Preparation of low-density high-molecular-weight degradable bio-based polyamide elastomer material Pending CN114395131A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4331786A (en) * 1979-10-02 1982-05-25 Ato Chimie Moldable and/or extrudable polyether-ester-amide block copolymers
CN110003464A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-07-12 军事科学院系统工程研究院军需工程技术研究所 A kind of polyamide elastomer and preparation method thereof
CN110016134A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-07-16 军事科学院系统工程研究院军需工程技术研究所 A kind of lasting uvioresistant poly amide elastomer and preparation method thereof
CN111019122A (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-04-17 浙江新和成特种材料有限公司 Semi-aromatic polyamide thermoplastic elastomer and continuous production method thereof
CN111349232A (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-06-30 建湖县兴隆尼龙有限公司 Nylon elastomer material and preparation method thereof
CN113307968A (en) * 2021-07-01 2021-08-27 郑州大学 Polyamide elastomer with shape memory and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4331786A (en) * 1979-10-02 1982-05-25 Ato Chimie Moldable and/or extrudable polyether-ester-amide block copolymers
CN110003464A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-07-12 军事科学院系统工程研究院军需工程技术研究所 A kind of polyamide elastomer and preparation method thereof
CN110016134A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-07-16 军事科学院系统工程研究院军需工程技术研究所 A kind of lasting uvioresistant poly amide elastomer and preparation method thereof
CN111019122A (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-04-17 浙江新和成特种材料有限公司 Semi-aromatic polyamide thermoplastic elastomer and continuous production method thereof
CN111349232A (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-06-30 建湖县兴隆尼龙有限公司 Nylon elastomer material and preparation method thereof
CN113307968A (en) * 2021-07-01 2021-08-27 郑州大学 Polyamide elastomer with shape memory and preparation method thereof

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