CN114394862A - 粮食作物专用含钛em菌液态肥及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种粮食作物专用含钛EM菌液态肥及其制备方法和应用，由该制备方法得到的含钛EM菌液态肥富含天然生物源元素，并与EM益生菌共生，有效提高粮食作物叶面单位鲜重中的叶绿素，促进植作体中固氮酶、过氧化物酶、2‑6磷酸酸、硝酸还原酶的活性，亦具有类激素效应，激活调动内源激素向生长点输送，促进分化并诱导愈伤组织；其中的矿源氨基酸、动植物多元氨基酸在益生菌降解分子化作用下，提高土壤中肥料吸收利用率，促使植作根系生长发达，迅速补充因长期化肥农药的滥用导致的土壤严重缺失的有机养分和农作物生长过程中所必需的微量元素，增加抗逆性、抗病、抗倒伏、抗旱涝及耐高温苦寒，增加产能，提升品质。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及液态肥，具体涉及一种粮食作物专用含钛EM菌液态肥及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
众所周知，在粮食作物的生长周期内，为了增产或为了提升品质，根据作物特性，会选用合适的肥料辅助农事。比如目前使用的广谱肥有：化肥，尿素，磷肥，磷酸二氢钙，磷酸二钾，磷酸二氨家畜粪便等；然而，这些肥料在使用过程中普遍会存在如下问题：1、使土壤板结；2、根据联合国粮食与农业组织报告，化肥利用率低,氮肥使用利用率不足25%，磷钙肥更不用说了利用率最多不超10%－25%；3、残存农田的物质造成土壤酸化，硝酸盐累计并降低土壤微生物活性，难以转化及除解有毒物质，恶性循环；4、农产品品质低劣，地力无法恢复。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：提供一种粮食作物专用含钛EM菌液态肥及其制备方法和应用，由该制备方法得到的含钛EM菌液态肥富含天然生物源元素，并与EM益生菌共生，有效提高粮食作物叶面单位鲜重中的叶绿素，促进植作体中固氮酶、过氧化物酶、2-6磷酸酸、硝酸还原酶的活性，亦具有类激素效应，激活调动内源激素向生长点输送，促进分化并诱导愈伤组织；其中的矿源氨基酸、动植物多元氨基酸在益生菌降解分子化作用下，提高土壤中肥料吸收利用率，促使植作根系生长发达，迅速补充因长期化肥农药的滥用导致的土壤严重缺失的有机养分和农作物生长过程中所必需的微量元素，增加抗逆性、抗病、抗倒伏、抗旱涝及耐高温苦寒，最终达成增加产能、提升品质的目的。
本发明的技术解决方案是：一种粮食作物专用含钛EM菌液态肥，根据制作量以百分比计算，其制肥原物料由下列物质组成：EM共生菌10%，碳水化合物与矿源动植物氨基酸40%，大中微量元素7.1%，其余纯净水；所述EM共生菌为：乳酸菌3%，光合菌2%，综合EM菌3%，酵母菌0.5%，芽孢杆菌1%，哈茨木霉菌0.5%；所述碳水化合物与矿源动植物氨基酸为：糖蜜15%，玉米粉5%，大豆粕5%，黄腐酸5%，鱼蛋白原浆5%，海藻甲壳素5%；所述大中微量元素为：离子钛0.6%，水溶性硅肥1%，速溶硼0.4%，液态氮肥2%，氯化钾2%，过磷酸钙1%，微量元素1‰。
其中，所述综合EM菌由放线菌、溶磷菌各半混合而成。
其中，微量元素指：锰、镁、锌、铜、铁。
上述粮食作物专用含钛EM菌液态肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1、向发酵桶槽内注入单次生产量的30%的纯净水，水温在42±5℃；
2、再按制作量的百分比要求加入制肥原物料的碳水化合物与矿源动植物氨基酸，启动搅拌器充分混合成浆水状；
3、接着按制作量的百分比要求加入制肥原物料的大中微量元素，针对液体浓度再加5%纯净水；
4、然后按制作量的百分比要求加入制肥原物料的EM共生菌，并将水位调至制作量，启动增氧机给氧一小时；
5、设置定时器，每日早、中、晚，三段时间各搅拌器搅拌5分钟、增氧机给氧10分钟；
6、生产温度控制在日均温20±2℃，定期目测观察，当搅动时从槽桶底部没有气体冒出时，即表示完全腐熟，得含钛EM菌液态肥的成品原液。
上述粮食作物专用含钛EM菌液态肥，根据作物类别及生理期稀释施用，使用方法如下：
1、基础肥：每年三次，返青期、分擘期、孕穗期各一次，亩施原液400-500毫升/次；原液稀释100倍以上均匀喷施；
2、浸种：原液稀释1500倍浸种，种籽与稀释液质量体积比1：10；
3、解农残：喷施化学农药后3天喷施，原液稀释800-1200倍，亩施原液100-200毫升。
本发明的优点是：
1、本益生菌钛肥能够有效调节土壤pH酸碱度，激活土壤中氮、磷、钾，提高肥效，减少化肥使用量，解肥害；
2、分解土壤中残留二氧化硫、、药害、环芳烃以及重金属镉、铅、砷等容易致癌的有害物质，改良土壤，施用7天后土壤会有明显变化，祛除化学农残，解药害；
3、本益生菌肥，所含的矿源氨基酸和动植物多元氨基酸在益生菌降解分子化作用下，能够提高土壤中的肥料吸收利用率，促进根系生长、增加抗逆性；使用后，根系明显发达，植物长势明显，能够补充因长期使用化肥农药导致农作物缺失的微量元素，病虫害明显减少，作物比重增加，提高农产品品质，口感明显得到改善。
4、本益生菌肥，富含天然生物元素与EM益生菌共生机制，有效提高粮食作物体中的叶绿素，促进植物体中的的固氮酶、过氧化物酶、2-6磷酸酶，硝酸还原酶的活性，亦具有类激素效应，能激活调动内源激素向生长点输送促进分化并诱导癒伤组织。
5、本益生菌肥，能够迅速补充因长期化肥农药的滥用，导致土壤严重缺失的有机养分和农作物生长过程中所必需的微量元素，同时具有抗虫害、抗倒伏、抗病毒，增产增收，提高作物品质和安全。
附图说明
图1为益生菌肥中氮、磷、钾含量实测数据对比；
图2为益生菌肥稀释浸种后出芽率真实测试情况；
图3为水稻种植喷洒过益生菌肥五天生长情况；
图4为水稻喷洒益生菌肥十五天根系对比情况；
图5为水稻喷洒益生菌肥九十天根系情况。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案，但不能理解为是对技术方案的限制。
实施例：依以下步骤制备粮食作物专用含钛EM菌液态肥
1、单次生产1000㎏原液，向发酵桶槽内注入300㎏的纯净水，水温在42±5℃；
2、再加入制肥原物料的碳水化合物与矿源动植物氨基酸，启动搅拌器充分混合成浆水状；其中，所述碳水化合物与矿源动植物氨基酸为：糖蜜150㎏，玉米粉50㎏，大豆粕50㎏，黄腐酸50㎏，鱼蛋白原浆50㎏，海藻甲壳素50㎏；
3、接着加入制肥原物料的大中微量元素，针对液体浓度再加50㎏纯净水；其中，所述大中微量元素为：离子钛6㎏，水溶性硅肥10㎏，速溶硼4㎏，液态氮肥20㎏，氯化钾20㎏，过磷酸钙10㎏，包含锰、镁、锌、铜、铁等的微量元素1㎏；
4、然后加入制肥原物料的EM共生菌，并加纯净水79㎏，调至制作量1000㎏，启动增氧机给氧一小时；其中，所述EM共生菌为：乳酸菌30㎏，光合成菌20㎏，放线菌15㎏，溶磷菌15㎏，酵母菌5㎏，芽孢杆菌10㎏，哈茨木霉菌5㎏；
5、设置定时器，每日早、中、晚，三段时间各搅拌器搅拌5分钟、增氧机给氧10分钟；
6、生产车间温度控制在日均温20±2℃，定期目测观察，当搅动时从槽桶底部没有气体冒出时，即表示完全腐熟，得含钛EM菌液态肥的成品原液。
每毫升含有益总菌数≥20亿 CFU；如图1所示，为益生菌肥中氮、磷、钾含量实测数据对比。
实验例1：作为水稻的基础肥应用
水稻生长期内三次，分别是返青期、分擘期、孕穗期各一次，亩施原液400-500毫升/次；原液稀释100倍以上均匀喷施。如图3所示，为水稻种植喷洒过益生菌肥五天生长情况；如图4所示，为水稻喷洒益生菌肥十五天根系对比情况；如图5所示，为水稻喷洒益生菌肥九十天根系情况。
实验例2：作为小麦的基础肥应用，同水稻应用。
实验例3：作为玉米的基础肥应用，同水稻应用。
实验例4：作为水稻浸种应用
原液稀释1500倍浸种，种籽与稀释液质量体积比1：10；如图2所示，为益生菌肥稀释浸种后出芽率真实测试情况。
实验例5：水稻解农残应用
喷施化学农药后3天喷施，原液稀释800-1200倍，亩施原液100-200毫升。
根据第三方检测结果土壤里面含二氧化硫、土壤盐、碱消除有独特效果。施入益生菌肥以前的二氧化硫浓度10-12p'p'm，使用后二氧化硫浓度为0.1p'p'm，土壤盐、碱PH值达到6.7-7.2，适合作物生长的中性土壤。小麦解农残应用及玉米解农残应用效果也非常显著。
Claims (5)
1.粮食作物专用含钛EM菌液态肥，其特征是：根据制作量以百分比计算，其制肥原物料由下列物质组成：EM共生菌10%，碳水化合物与矿源动植物氨基酸40%，大中微量元素7.1%，其余纯净水；所述EM共生菌为：乳酸菌3%，光合菌2%，综合EM菌3%，酵母菌0.5%，芽孢杆菌1%，哈茨木霉菌0.5%；所述碳水化合物与矿源动植物氨基酸为：糖蜜15%，玉米粉5%，大豆粕5%，黄腐酸5%，鱼蛋白原浆5%，海藻甲壳素5%；所述大中微量元素为：离子钛0.6%，水溶性硅肥1%，速溶硼0.4%，液态氮肥2%，氯化钾2%，过磷酸钙1%，微量元素1‰。
2.根据权利要求1所述的粮食作物专用含钛EM菌液态肥，其特征是：所述综合EM菌由放线菌、溶磷菌各半混合而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的粮食作物专用含钛EM菌液态肥，其特征是：所述微量元素指：锰、镁、锌、铜、铁。
4.粮食作物专用含钛EM菌液态肥的制备方法，其特征是该方法包括以下步骤：
（1）向发酵桶槽内注入单次生产量的30%的纯净水，水温在42±5℃；
（2）再按制作量的百分比要求加入制肥原物料的碳水化合物与矿源动植物氨基酸，启动搅拌器充分混合成浆水状；
（3）接着按制作量的百分比要求加入制肥原物料的大中微量元素，针对液体浓度再加5%纯净水；
（4）然后按制作量的百分比要求加入制肥原物料的EM共生菌，并将水位调至制作量，启动增氧机给氧一小时；
（5）设置定时器，每日早、中、晚，三段时间各搅拌器搅拌5分钟、增氧机给氧10分钟；
（6）生产车间温度控制在日均温20±2℃，定期目测观察，当搅动时从槽桶底部没有气体冒出时，即表示完全腐熟，得含钛EM菌液态肥的成品原液。
5.粮食作物专用含钛EM菌液态肥的应用，根据作物类别及生理期稀释施用，其使用方法如下：
（1）基础肥：每年三次，返青期、分擘期、孕穗期各一次，亩施原液400-500毫升/次；原液稀释100倍以上均匀喷施；
（2）浸种：原液稀释1500倍浸种，种籽与稀释液质量体积比1：10；
（3）解农残：喷施化学农药后3天喷施，原液稀释800-1200倍，亩施原液100-200毫升。
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