CN114393746A - An electrostatic separation device for machine-picked seed cotton residue film - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device capable of efficiently separating different fibers such as mechanically harvested cotton and residual films by adopting an electrostatic adsorption technology, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. A machine-harvested seed cotton residual film electrostatic separation device comprises a frame, a motor, two wallboard assemblies, an electrode tube, a belt wheel, a grounding roller, a feeding flow plate, a recovery flow plate, a negative pressure fan, a negative pressure air pipe, an electrostatic generator and a frequency converter; the device is used for simulating the operating conditions of the electrostatic separation of the seed cotton residual membrane, and the optimal separation effect parameter combination is obtained by adjusting the position parameters of the discharge electrode, the electrostatic voltage, the current parameters, the power parameters and the like; the electrostatic separation device for the residual films of the mechanically-harvested seed cotton is economical and practical, and has the advantages of good separation effect of the residual films of the seed cotton, simple structure, high working efficiency and capability of randomly adjusting all parameters according to requirements.

Description

An electrostatic separation device for machine-picked seed cotton residual film

technical field

The invention belongs to a device for separating foreign fibers during seed cotton processing, in particular to a device that can efficiently separate foreign fibers such as machine-picked cotton and residual film by using electrostatic adsorption technology, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

Xinjiang is the largest cotton producing area in China. Due to the drought and little rainfall in the northwest region, cotton mulching technology is adopted. As the planting area increases year by year, the degree of mechanized harvesting also increases year by year. The machine-picked cotton that is harvested is inevitably mixed with foreign fibers such as plastic film. The mixing of foreign fibers not only affects the income of cotton farmers, but also for cotton textile enterprises. The quality of cotton textiles has caused huge economic losses.

The removal of foreign fibers in cotton has become a central issue of concern to my country's cotton industry. In the existing methods, manual manual picking or combined mechanical and wind force methods are difficult to achieve efficient removal, and cannot completely solve the problem of foreign fibers mixed in cotton. , After a series of experimental studies, it has been proved feasible to use electrostatic adsorption technology to absorb the residual film in cotton. Electrostatic adsorption technology has been widely used in other industries. In the cotton processing industry, there are also related devices or devices that use electrostatic adsorption technology to remove foreign fibers from seed cotton. Patent, but there is no perfect system of cleaning process or specific equipment, electrostatic adsorption technology has not been widely promoted and applied in the cotton processing industry. It can be seen that the study of electrostatic residual film separation is of great significance, and it is necessary to develop a device that can effectively use electrostatic adsorption technology to remove foreign fibers such as mulch.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of good separation effect, simple structure, economical and practical, and high working efficiency, which can be used to simulate the operation conditions of the electrostatic separation of the residual film of seed cotton. The electrostatic separation device for machine-picked seed cotton residual film to obtain the best combination of parameters for separation effect.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: an electrostatic separation device for machine-picked seed cotton residue film, including a frame, a motor, and two wallboard assemblies, an electrode tube, a pulley, a grounding roller, a feeding drain, a recovery drain, Negative pressure fans, negative pressure ducts, electrostatic generators, frequency converters;

The frame is provided with two wall panel support beams, the two wall panel assemblies are respectively vertically installed on the two wall panel support beams, and an electrode tube is connected between the two wall panel assemblies; the grounding roller It is installed between two wall panel assemblies through the grounding roller shaft; the negative pressure air duct is arranged below the grounding roller, and the air suction port is arranged above the negative pressure air duct;

On the outside of the wall panel assembly, the pulley is installed on the protruding grounding roller shaft, and the motor drives the grounding roller to rotate through the belt connection with the pulley;

The wall panel assembly includes a wall panel and an electrode regulator, and the wall panel is provided with a long hole for installing a negative pressure air duct, a mounting hole for a grounding roller shaft, and a fan-shaped through hole; the left and right sides of the fan-shaped through hole are provided. arc-shaped bar-shaped slots are respectively provided; the electrode adjuster is placed above the fan-shaped through-hole, and the upper and lower ends are respectively installed on the arc-shaped bar-shaped slot through angle adjustment bolts;

The electrode adjuster includes a support plate, an angle adjustment bolt, a distance adjustment nut, an electrode tube clamp, a pipe clamp fastening bolt, and a screw rod, wherein the support plate is a narrow and long trapezoidal plate, and a length larger than the outer diameter of the electrode tube is arranged on the support plate. The circular notch is used for the electrode tube to move left and right in the notch. The steel block is fixed on the support plate, and the center of the steel block has a light hole. There are distance adjustment nuts respectively, and the front and rear positions of the screw rod are adjusted by the distance adjustment nuts. The electrode tube clip is welded at the end of the screw rod, and the opening of the tube clip is closed by the tube clip fastening bolt, and the electrode tube is fixed by tightening the bolt during operation;

The feeding drip plate and the recovery drip plate are installed in the middle of the two wall panels. The former is placed diagonally above the grounding roller to put in and guide the seed cotton material through the high-voltage electrostatic field channel, and the latter is placed diagonally below the grounding roller for use. Guided recovery of sorted seed cotton.

Further, the height of the negative pressure air duct is adjusted by the height adjustment device of the negative pressure air duct, and the height adjustment device of the negative pressure air duct is composed of an adjusting bolt and a top block. By adjusting the extension of the adjusting bolt on the top block, the top Raise or lower the negative pressure duct, and then adjust the distance between the suction port and the grounding roller.

Further, the roller shaft of the grounding roller is connected to the wall plate through a bearing; a fan lifting device is arranged below the negative pressure fan, and the height of the negative pressure fan is adjusted by the fan lifting device.

Further, the electrostatic generator is a negative high-voltage DC electrostatic generator, and the parameters of current and voltage are adjustable.

Further, the grounding roller and the bearing are provided with grounding terminals, and the grounding roller and the bearing are grounded during operation.

Further, the feeding drip plate, the recovery drip plate, and the wall plate are all made of materials that are resistant to high-voltage electrostatic breakdown. One is to ensure the accuracy of the experimental data, and the other is to prevent static loss.

In actual use, the frame of the present invention is composed of vertical legs, transverse supports, longitudinal supports, and wall panel support beams, and the above-mentioned transverse beams, legs, and transverse and longitudinal supports are all angle steel profiles and are constructed by welding. The two ends of the wall panel support beam are provided with light holes, and the wall panel assembly is mounted on it by bolts. The operating table is placed on the right side of the whole machine, and an electrostatic generator and a frequency converter are placed on the operating table to control static electricity and power input parameters; the pulley is installed on the grounding roller shaft, and the motor drives the grounding roller to rotate through the belt connection with the pulley; The bearing on the wall panel assembly, the negative pressure air duct adjusting device, and the electrode adjuster are installed on one side of the wall panel, wherein the wall panel is provided with arc-shaped strip slots and fan-shaped through holes. The angle adjustment bolt cooperates with the arc bar-shaped notch, and is used to change the angle of the electrode adjuster during operation, thereby adjusting the distance of the electrode tube carried relative to the grounding roller; the electrode adjuster includes a support plate, an angle adjustment bolt, a distance Adjusting nuts, electrode tube clips, tube clip fastening bolts, and screw rods. The support plate is a long and narrow trapezoidal steel plate with a thickness of 5mm, and the slightly narrower end has a notch slightly larger than the outer diameter of the electrode tube, so the electrode tube can be placed in the notch. to pan. A steel block of 20mm × 20mm × 5mm is welded vertically at the slightly wider end of the support plate. There is a light hole in the center of the steel block. The screw rod passes through the light hole of the steel block. The front and rear positions of the screw rod are adjusted by two distance adjustment nuts, and then the electrode tube is moved. The front and rear positions of the clips. The end of the screw rod is welded with an electrode tube clip, and the opening of the tube clip is closed by the tube clip fastening bolts, and the electrode tube is fixed by tightening the bolts during operation.

The feeding drip plate and the recovery drip plate are installed in the middle of the two wall panels, the former is placed diagonally above the grounding roller to put in and guide the material through the electric field channel, and the latter is placed near the obliquely below the grounding roller for recycling separation. Selected seed cotton. In actual operation, the angle and position parameters of the feeding and recycling slats can be adjusted according to the experimental plan; the grounding roller and the negative pressure air duct are also installed in the middle of the two wall panels, and there is an air suction port above the negative pressure air duct. During installation, keep a certain distance between the suction port of the negative pressure air duct and the grounding roller. Since the negative pressure air duct can be moved up and down through the height adjustment device of the negative pressure air duct, the distance can be adjusted according to the requirements; On the left side of the whole machine, the air inlet is connected to one end of the negative pressure air duct. During operation, the negative pressure fan forms an appropriate air pressure to absorb the residual film on the grounding roller and recover it through the residual film outlet.

The frequency converter may include a fan frequency converter and a motor frequency converter to regulate power input and wind power.

The electrode tube includes a tubular composite corona electrode and a unipolar tubular static electrode.

The distance-adjustable path formed between the electrode tube and the grounding roller is an electrostatic field channel, through which the material is charged, and the residual film is adsorbed on the grounding roller after being charged.

When working, turn on the power, the motor drives the grounding roller to rotate through the pulley, the negative pressure fan starts to work, and the machine-picked seed cotton is evenly passed through the feeding gutter and sent to the electrostatic field channel, which is produced by a high-voltage electrostatic generator. In the electric field environment formed by connecting with the discharge electrode tube, when the seed cotton mixed with foreign fibers such as residual film falls to the electrostatic field channel, the residual film and seed cotton are charged in the high-voltage electrostatic field. It is difficult to lose the electric charge in the middle, so it will be adsorbed on the grounding roller and rotate with the grounded grounding roller. When it rotates to the bottom, it will be sucked into the negative pressure air duct by the negative pressure air; Therefore, it will be sent down to the seed cotton recovery device through the recovery flow plate under the action of gravity.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

Compared with the prior art, the present invention utilizes the electrostatic adsorption technology to separate the residual film in the cotton, which can realize the adjustment of the electrostatic input parameters and the rotational speed of the rotating roller, and the adjustment device can realize the adjustment of the position parameters of the discharge electrode and the negative pressure air suction pipe. Adjustment, while the negative pressure air volume is controllable. The invention is used to simulate the operating conditions of the electrostatic separation of the seed cotton residue film. By adjusting the position parameters of the discharge electrode, electrostatic voltage, current parameters, dynamic parameters, etc., the optimal separation effect parameter combination can be obtained, which can be used to explore the best method of electrostatic separation of the seed cotton residue film. In addition, it can also compare the effects of different structural parameters and motion parameters on the separation effect of seed cotton residue film, which is of great significance for the design and research of the engineering prototype for electrostatic separation of new machine-picked cotton residue film. The invention has the advantages of good separation effect of seed cotton residual film, simple structure, high working efficiency, and each parameter can be arbitrarily adjusted according to requirements, and is an economical and practical electrostatic separation device for machine-picked seed cotton residual film.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rack in the structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the wall panel assembly in the structure of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the electrode regulator in the structure of the present invention.

As shown in the figure: 1 is the frame, 2 is the operating table, 3 is the motor, 4 is the pulley, 5 is the wall panel assembly, 6 is the feeding drip plate, 7 is the grounding roller, and 8 is the negative pressure air duct. 9 is the recovery drip plate, 10 is the seed cotton recovery port, 11 is the negative pressure fan, 12 is the fan lifting device, 13 is the electrostatic generator, 14 is the frequency converter, 15 is the residual diaphragm outlet, 16 is the electrode tube, and 17 is the wall Plate support beam, 18 is bearing, 19 is long hole for negative pressure air duct, 20 is top block, 21 is arc strip slot I, 22 is fan-shaped through hole, 23 is electrode regulator, 24 is arc strip Slot II, 25 is the wall plate, 26 is the adjusting bolt, 27 is the screw rod, 28 is the steel block, 29 is the distance adjusting nut, 30 is the support plate, 31 is the notch, 32 is the electrode tube clamp, 33 is the tube Clamp the tightening bolt, and 34 is the angle adjusting bolt.

Detailed ways

Before any embodiments are described in detail, it is to be understood that the application of the present disclosure is not limited to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The present disclosure is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or carried out in various ways.

Example 1

Referring to the accompanying drawings, this embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which provides an electrostatic separation device for machine-picked seed cotton residue film, including a frame 1, a motor 3, two wallboard assemblies 5, and an electrode tube 16 , pulley 4, grounding roller 7, feeding drip plate 6, recovery drip plate 9, negative pressure fan 11, negative pressure air duct 8, electrostatic generator 13, frequency converter 14;

The frame 1 is provided with two wall panel support beams 17 , the two wall panel assemblies 5 are respectively vertically installed on the two wall panel support beams 17 , and electrode tubes are connected between the two wall panel assemblies 5 . 16; the grounding roller 7 is installed between the two wall panel assemblies 5 through the grounding roller shaft; the negative pressure air duct 8 is arranged below the grounding roller 7, and the suction port 10 is arranged above the negative pressure air duct 8;

On the outside of the wall panel assembly 5, the pulley 4 is installed on the protruding grounding roller shaft, and the motor 3 connects the pulley 4 through the belt to drive the grounding roller 7 to rotate;

The wall panel assembly 5 includes a wall panel 25 and an electrode regulator 23. The wall panel 25 is provided with a long hole 19 for installing a negative pressure air duct, a mounting hole for a grounding roller, and a fan-shaped through hole 22; the fan-shaped through hole The left and right sides of 22 are respectively provided with arc-shaped bar-shaped slots, which are arc-shaped bar-shaped slot I21 and arc-shaped bar-shaped slot II24; the electrode adjuster 23 is placed above the fan-shaped through hole 22 , and the upper and lower ends are respectively installed on the arc-shaped strip slot through the angle adjustment bolt 34;

The electrode adjuster 23 includes a support plate 30, an angle adjustment bolt 34, a distance adjustment nut 29, an electrode tube clamp 32, a tube clamp fastening bolt 33, and a screw rod 27, wherein the support plate 30 is a long and narrow trapezoidal plate, on which is provided An oblong slot 31 larger than the outer diameter of the electrode tube is used for the electrode tube 16 to translate left and right in the slot. A steel block 28 is fixed on the support plate 30, a light hole is opened in the center of the steel block 28, and the screw rod 27 passes through The steel block has a light hole. The screw rods 27 on both sides of the steel block 28 are respectively provided with distance adjustment nuts 29. The distance adjustment nuts 29 are used to adjust the front and rear positions of the screw rods 27. The opening is closed by the tube clamp fastening bolt 33, and the electrode tube 16 is fixed by tightening the bolt during operation;

The feeding drip plate 6 and the recovery drip plate 9 are installed in the middle of the two wall panels 25. The former is placed diagonally above the grounding roller 7 to put in and guide the seed cotton material through the high-voltage electrostatic field channel, and the latter is placed on the grounding roller 7. Obliquely below, it is used to guide the recovered and sorted seed cotton.

The height of the negative pressure air duct 8 is adjusted by the height adjustment device of the negative pressure air duct. The height adjustment device of the negative pressure air duct is composed of an adjusting bolt 26 and a top block 20, and the adjusting bolt 26 on the top block 20 is adjusted to extend. Adjust the distance between the suction port 10 and the grounding roller 7 by raising or lowering the negative pressure air duct 8 .

The roller shaft of the grounding roller 7 is connected to the wall plate 25 through the bearing 18 ; a fan lifting device 12 is arranged below the negative pressure fan 11 , and the height of the negative pressure fan 11 is adjusted by the fan lifting device 12 . The electrostatic generator 13 is a negative high-voltage DC electrostatic generator, and the parameters of current and voltage are adjustable. The grounding roller 7 and the bearing 18 are provided with grounding terminals. The feeding gutter 6, the recovery gutter 9, and the wall plate 25 are all made of materials resistant to high-voltage electrostatic breakdown.

In actual use, the frame 1 of the present invention is composed of vertical legs, horizontal supports, vertical supports, and wall panel support beams 17. The above-mentioned horizontal beams, legs, and horizontal and vertical supports are all angle steel profiles and are constructed by welding. The two ends of the wall panel support beam 17 are provided with light holes, and the wall panel assembly 5 is mounted on it by bolts. The operating table 2 is placed on the right side of the whole machine, and the operating table 2 is placed with an electrostatic generator 13 and a frequency converter 14 to control static electricity and power input parameters; the pulley 4 is installed on the grounding roller shaft, and the motor 3 is connected by a belt The pulley 4 drives the grounding roller 7 to rotate; the bearing 18 on the wall panel assembly 5, the negative pressure air duct height adjustment device, and the electrode regulator 23 are installed on one side of the wall panel 25, wherein the wall panel 25 is provided with There are arc-shaped strip notch, fan-shaped through hole 22. The angle adjustment bolt 34 is matched with the arc-shaped bar-shaped notch, and is used to change the angle of the electrode adjuster 23 during operation, thereby adjusting the distance of the electrode tube 16 carried relative to the grounding roller; the electrode adjuster 23 can be installed with a set of, Two or more groups, the electrode adjuster 23 includes a support plate 30, an angle adjustment bolt 34, a distance adjustment nut 29, an electrode tube clamp 32, a tube clamp fastening bolt 33, and a screw rod 27, wherein the support plate 30 is 5mm thick The narrow and long trapezoidal steel plate has a notch 31 slightly larger than the outer diameter of the electrode tube 16 at the slightly narrower end, so the electrode tube 16 can translate in the notch 31 . The slightly wider end of the pallet 30 is vertically welded with a steel block 28 of 20mm×20mm×5mm, a light hole is opened in the center of the steel block 28, the screw rod 27 passes through the light hole of the steel block, and the front and rear positions of the screw rod are adjusted by two distance adjustment nuts 29 , and then move the front and rear positions of the electrode tube clamp 32 . The electrode tube clip 32 is welded to the end of the screw rod 27, and the opening of the tube clip is closed by the tube clip fastening bolt 33, and the electrode tube 16 is fixed by tightening the bolt during operation.

The feeding drip plate 6 and the recovery drip plate 9 are installed in the middle of the two wall panels 25. The former is placed diagonally above the grounding roller 7 to put and guide the material through the electric field channel, and the latter is placed near the obliquely below the grounding roller 7. , used to recover the sorted seed cotton. In actual operation, the angle and position parameters of the feeding gutter 6 and the recovery gutter 9 can be adjusted according to the experimental plan; the grounding roller 7 and the negative pressure air duct 8 are installed in the middle of the two wall panels 25, There is an air suction port 10 above, and the suction port 10 of the negative pressure air duct keeps a certain distance from the grounding roller 7 during installation. Since the negative pressure air duct 8 can be moved up and down through the negative pressure air duct height adjusting device, the distance can be adjusted according to requirements; The negative pressure fan 11 and the fan lifting device 12 are placed on the left side of the whole machine, and the air inlet is connected to one end of the negative pressure air duct 8. During operation, the negative pressure fan 11 forms an appropriate wind pressure to absorb the residual film on the grounding roller 7. It is removed and recovered through the residual diaphragm outlet 15 .

When working, turn on the power supply, the motor 3 drives the grounding roller 7 to rotate through the pulley 4, the negative pressure fan 11 starts to work, and the machine-picked seed cotton is evenly passed through the feeding gutter 6 and sent to the electrostatic field channel. The electrostatic field channel is In the electric field environment formed by the high-voltage electrostatic generator connected to the discharge electrode tube, when the seed cotton mixed with foreign fibers such as residual film falls to the electrostatic field channel, the residual film and seed cotton are charged in the high-voltage electrostatic field. Due to the quality of the residual film It is light and has low density, and it is difficult to lose electric charge in the electric field, so it will be adsorbed on the grounding roller 7 and rotate with the grounded grounding roller 7. When it rotates to the bottom, it will be sucked into the negative pressure air duct 8 by the negative pressure wind. ; And because the gravity of the seed cotton is much greater than the electric field force, it will be sent down to the seed cotton recovery device through the recovery flow plate 9 under the action of gravity.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those who are familiar with the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement them accordingly, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A machine-harvested seed cotton residual film electrostatic separation device comprises a frame and a motor, and is characterized by further comprising two wall plate assemblies, an electrode tube, a belt wheel, a grounding roller, a feeding flow plate, a recovery flow plate, a negative pressure fan, a negative pressure air pipe, an electrostatic generator and a frequency converter;

two wallboard supporting beams are arranged on the rack, two wallboard assemblies are respectively and vertically arranged on the two wallboard supporting beams, and an electrode tube is connected between the two wallboard assemblies; the grounding roller is arranged between the two wallboard assemblies through a grounding roller shaft; the negative pressure air pipe is arranged below the grounding roller, and an air suction opening is arranged above the negative pressure air pipe;

on the outer side of the wallboard assembly, the belt wheel is arranged on the extended grounding roller shaft, and the motor is connected with the belt wheel to drive the grounding roller to rotate;

the wall plate assembly comprises a wall plate and an electrode regulator, wherein a negative pressure air pipe mounting long hole, a grounding roller shaft mounting hole and a fan-shaped through hole are formed in the wall plate; the left side and the right side of the fan-shaped through hole are respectively provided with an arc-shaped strip-shaped notch; the electrode regulator is arranged above the fan-shaped through hole, and the upper end and the lower end of the electrode regulator are respectively arranged on the arc-shaped strip-shaped notch through angle adjusting bolts;

the electrode adjuster comprises a supporting plate, an angle adjusting bolt, a distance adjusting nut, an electrode pipe clamp, a pipe clamp fastening bolt and a lead screw, wherein the supporting plate is a long and narrow trapezoidal plate, a long circular notch larger than the outer diameter of the electrode pipe is formed in the supporting plate and used for the electrode pipe to horizontally move left and right in the notch, a steel block is fixedly arranged on the supporting plate, an unthreaded hole is formed in the center of the steel block, the lead screw penetrates through the unthreaded hole of the steel block, the distance adjusting nuts are respectively arranged on the lead screws on two sides of the steel block, the front and back positions of the lead screw are adjusted through the distance adjusting nut, the tail end of the lead screw is welded with the electrode pipe clamp, the opening of the pipe clamp is closed through the pipe clamp fastening bolt, and the bolt is tightened to fix the electrode pipe during work;

the feeding dripping plate and the recycling dripping plate are arranged between the two wallboards, the feeding dripping plate is arranged above the grounding roller in an inclined mode and used for feeding and guiding seed cotton materials to pass through the high-voltage electrostatic field channel, and the recycling dripping plate is arranged below the grounding roller in an inclined mode and used for guiding the recycled and sorted seed cotton.

2. The electrostatic separator of seed cotton residue film for mechanical harvest of claim 1, wherein the height of the negative pressure air pipe is adjusted by a height adjusting device of the negative pressure air pipe, the height adjusting device of the negative pressure air pipe is composed of an adjusting bolt and a top block, and the negative pressure air pipe is jacked up or dropped back by adjusting the extension of the adjusting bolt on the top block, so as to adjust the distance between the air suction opening and the ground roller.

3. The electrostatic separator for mechanically harvested seed cotton residual film as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the roller shaft of the grounding roller is connected with the wall plate through a bearing; and a fan lifting device is arranged below the negative pressure fan, and the height of the negative pressure fan is adjusted through the fan lifting device.

4. The mechanically harvested seed cotton residual film electrostatic separation device according to claim 3, wherein: the static generator is a negative high-voltage direct-current static generator, and current and voltage parameters are adjustable.

5. The mechanically harvested seed cotton residual film electrostatic separation device according to claim 4, wherein: and the grounding roller and the bearing are provided with grounding terminals.

6. The mechanically harvested seed cotton residual film electrostatic separation device according to claim 5, wherein: the feeding dripping plate, the recycling dripping plate and the wallboard are made of high-voltage-resistant electrostatic breakdown materials.

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