CN114389375B - Coupling mechanism of high-efficiency low-leakage wireless power supply system and excitation method thereof - Google Patents
Coupling mechanism of high-efficiency low-leakage wireless power supply system and excitation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
- H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless power supply, in particular to a coupling mechanism of a high-efficiency low-leakage wireless power supply system and an excitation method of the coupling mechanism, wherein a multi-transmitting coil structure with regular hexagon uniform distribution characteristic and a planar receiving coil which can always completely coat at least one planar transmitting coil are constructed, and the larger mutual inductance sum between the coupling mechanisms under the worst coupling condition is ensured, so that the system transmission efficiency is always not lower than a preset value eta at any energy pickup position 0 (ii) a Based on mutual inductance between coils and activation judgment criteria (S1-S5), the planar transmitting coil with the optimal transmission efficiency is selected for activation judgment, the limitation that the prior art can only carry out activation judgment on three transmitting coils is broken through, a power supply area and a power supply boundary do not need to be defined for a multi-transmitting-coil structure, and the position of a planar receiving coil does not need to be positioned and the power supply area where the size of the planar receiving coil is located is judged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless power supply, in particular to a coupling mechanism of a high-efficiency low-leakage wireless power supply system and an excitation method of the coupling mechanism.
Background
The wireless power transmission based on the near-field electromagnetic coupling principle is a novel power supply technology which is safe, flexible and free of wire contact, can adapt to various severe weather environments (such as snow and accumulated water), and is widely applied to the fields of biological medicine, consumer electronics, electric vehicles, intelligent industry and the like. The existing wireless power supply system mostly adopts a one-to-one coupling coil structure, and the dead against (i.e. central axis coincidence) of a transmitting coil and a receiving coil is a necessary condition for realizing efficient and stable energy transmission. However, when the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are offset, the transmission power and the transmission efficiency of the system decrease with the increase of the offset, which affects the normal operation of the electric load.
In order to improve the offset resistance of the receiving coil, it is a common technical means in the industry to increase the area of the transmitting coil or increase the number of the transmitting coils. When the area of the transmitting coil is increased, under the condition of the same transmission power, the winding length of the coil is lengthened, so that the internal resistance and the loss of the coil are increased, and the leakage amount and the leakage area of a magnetic field are enlarged; when the number of the transmitting coils is increased, a plurality of transmitting coils are laid on the same horizontal plane or different vertical planes. When the receiving coil is deviated, the adjacent transmitting coils realize multi-channel energy transmission by using a magnetic field superposition principle, and the power requirement of an electric load under the deviation of the coils is met. For a multi-transmitting-coil structure with the number of coils larger than that of receiving coils, how to select the transmitting coils to be activated to ensure efficient wireless energy transmission is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a coupling mechanism of a high-efficiency low-leakage wireless power supply system and an excitation method thereof, and solves the technical problems that: on the premise of ensuring that the transmission efficiency is not lower than a preset value, the internal resistance loss of a multi-transmitting-single-receiving coupling coil structure is reduced, and the magnetic field leakage amount and the leakage area are reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a coupling mechanism of a high-efficiency low-leakage wireless power supply system, which comprises N planar transmitting coils with the same structure and a planar receiving coil, wherein N is more than or equal to 7;
the N planar transmitting coils are distributed in a honeycomb manner to form at least one regular hexagonal transmitting coil array; in each regular hexagonal transmitting coil array, 1 planar transmitting coil is positioned in the center of a regular hexagon, and 6 planar transmitting coils adjacent to the center are positioned at 6 angles of the regular hexagon; the distance between the centers of two adjacent planar transmitting coils is d, and d satisfies that the two adjacent planar transmitting coils are positioned at a decoupling point;
the size of the planar receiving coil meets the requirement that at least one planar transmitting coil can be completely coated at any charging position;
in the case of wireless power transmission, at least one planar transmitting coil, at most N, is excited to magnetically couple with a planar receiving coil.
Preferably, the planar transmitting coil and the planar surfaceThe receiving coils are all circular spiral coils, and the minimum outer radius r of the planar receiving coil som Satisfies the following conditions:
wherein r is po The outer radius of the planar transmit coil.
Preferably, the outer radius r of the planar receiving coil so Satisfies the following conditions:
wherein r is si Is the inner radius of the planar receiving coil, w ds 、n s The wire diameter and the number of turns of litz wire used to wind the size of the planar receiving coil are respectively indicated.
Preferably, the outer radius r of the planar transmitting coil po Satisfies the following conditions:
r po ＝r pi +w dp n p (1)
wherein r is pi Is the inner radius of the planar transmitting coil, w dp 、n p The wire diameter and the number of turns of litz wire used to wind the planar transmitting coil are respectively indicated.
Preferably, d is the shortest distance between two adjacent planar transmitting coils at the decoupling point.
The invention also provides an excitation method of the coupling mechanism, which aims at the coupling mechanism of the high-efficiency low-leakage wireless power supply system and comprises the following steps:
s1, identifying mutual inductance parameters by using primary side parameters to obtain the mutual inductance M between a planar transmitting coil and a planar receiving coil with the serial numbers of 1,2, \8230, N 1 ,M 2 ,…,M N Form a mutual inductance vector M = [ M ] 1 ,M 2 ,…,M N ]；
S2, sequencing elements in the mutual inductance vector M from large to small according to mutual inductance values to obtain mutual inductance vectors M '= [ M' (1), M '(2), \ 8230;, M' (N) ] which are arranged in a descending order;
s3, sequentially substituting the first k +1 elements in the mutual inductance vector M' into a formula respectively
In (2), obtain the corresponding S M′1 ,S M′2 ,…,S M′k ,S M′(k+1) ，k＝1,2,…,N-1；
S4, first occurrence of S M′k ≥S M′(k+1) Then, determining the k value at the moment, and finding out the serial numbers of the planar transmitting coils corresponding to the front k elements in the mutual inductance vector M';
and S5, exciting the planar transmitting coil corresponding to the serial number of the planar transmitting coil determined in the step S4.
Further, there are x planar transmitting coils which are equally charged
When excited, the mutual inductance vector between the x planar transmitting coils and the planar receiving coils is expressed as M "= [ M" (1), M "(2), \8230;, M" (x)]The transmission efficiency of the wireless power supply system is related to M "and a function η (M", x) of the vector and x:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the current flowing through the planar receiving coil, R s Representing the equivalent internal resistance, R, of the planar receiving coil p Represents the equivalent internal resistance, R, of the planar transmitting coil L Representing the electrical load, omega the system operating frequency,
further, as can be seen from equation (8), when equation (9) takes the maximum value, the transmission efficiency calculated by equation (8) reaches the maximum value, whereIn step S4, S appears for the first time M′k ≥S M′(k+1) Namely S M”x Obtaining a maximum value S M′k X = k, S in this case M′k The value corresponds to an optimal transmission efficiency of the wireless power supply system.
The coupling mechanism of the high-efficiency low-leakage wireless power supply system and the excitation method thereof provided by the invention have the following advantages:
1. a multi-transmitting coil structure with regular hexagon uniform distribution characteristic and a plane receiving coil which can always completely coat at least one plane transmitting coil are constructed, so that the larger mutual inductance sum between the coupling mechanisms under the worst coupling condition is ensured, and the system transmission efficiency is not lower than the preset value eta at any energy pickup position 0 ；
2. Based on mutual inductance between coils and activation judgment criteria (steps S1-S5), the planar transmitting coil with the optimal transmission efficiency is selected for activation judgment, the limitation that the prior art can only carry out activation judgment on three transmitting coils is broken through, a power supply area and a power supply boundary do not need to be defined for a multi-transmitting-coil structure, and the position of a planar receiving coil does not need to be positioned and the power supply area where the size of the planar receiving coil is located is judged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coupling mechanism of a high-efficiency low-leakage wireless power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a regular hexagonal transmitting coil array and its parametric representation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of a first relative position between a planar transmitting coil and a planar receiving coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of a second relative position between the planar transmitting coil and the planar receiving coil according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 (c) is a schematic diagram of a third relative position between the planar transmitting coil and the planar receiving coil according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 (d) is a schematic diagram of a fourth relative position between the planar transmitting coil and the planar receiving coil according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the invention, including the drawings which are incorporated herein by reference and for illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the invention, since many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention firstly provides a coupling mechanism of a high-efficiency low-leakage wireless power supply system, which comprises N planar transmitting coils with the same structure and a planar receiving coil, wherein N is more than or equal to 7, as shown in figure 1. The N planar transmitting coils are distributed in a honeycomb shape to form at least one regular hexagonal transmitting coil array. In each regular hexagonal transmitting coil array, 1 planar transmitting coil is positioned in the center of a regular hexagon, and 6 planar transmitting coils adjacent to the center are positioned at 6 angles of the regular hexagon. The distance between the centers of any two adjacent planar transmitting coils is d (namely the side length of a regular hexagon), and d satisfies that the two adjacent planar transmitting coils are positioned at a decoupling point.
The size of the planar receiving coil can completely cover at least one planar transmitting coil at any charging position.
In wireless power transmission, at least one planar transmitting coil having at most N planar transmitting coils is excited to magnetically couple with a planar receiving coil, and how to select the planar transmitting coil is described in detail in the following excitation method.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the planar transmitting coil and the planar receiving coil are both circular spiral coils for easy production and good transmission efficiency. In other embodiments, the planar transmitting coil and the planar receiving coil may also be sized in a regular polygonal spiral structure, such as a square, a regular pentagon, and a regular decagon.
The inner radius of each planar transmitting coil is r pi Outer radius of r po Can be formed by a wire diameter of w dp N of (A) to (B) p The winding of the turn litz wire satisfies the following relation:
r po ＝r pi +w dp n p (1)。
the inner radius of the planar receiving coil is r si Outer radius of r so Can be formed by a wire diameter of w ds N of (A) to (B) s The winding of the turn litz wire satisfies the following relation:
wherein r is som Denotes the minimum outer radius, r, of the planar receiving coil som Satisfies the following conditions:
therefore, the size of the planar receiving coil can completely coat at least one planar transmitting coil at any charging position, and the transmission efficiency is not lower than a preset value eta 0 。
As a preferred example, the planar transmitting coil of this example, as shown in FIG. 2, has an outer radius r po Is 4cm, and has an inner radius r pi 2cm, the number of turns n p A wire diameter w of 10 dp 2mm, equivalent internal resistance R of the planar transmitting coil p And taking 0.044 omega, and taking the shortest spacing distance between every two adjacent planar transmitting coils, which meets the requirement that the two adjacent planar transmitting coils are positioned at the decoupling point, as 9cm. As shown in fig. 2, the outer radius r of the planar receiving coil so 9.196cm, inner radius r si 5.196cm, number of turns n s 20, wire diameter w ds Is 2mm s Indicating that the equivalent internal resistance of the planar receiving coil assumed 0.078 Ω. The working frequency omega of the multi-transmitting-single-receiving high-efficiency low-leakage wireless power supply system is 90kHz L Indicating that the electrical load takes 5 omega.
Numbering N planar transmitting coils from 1 to N according to rows or columns, and respectively using M for mutual inductance between the planar receiving coil and the planar transmitting coil with corresponding number 1 ,M 2 ,…,M N Indicating, for excitation current in correspondingly-numbered planar transmitting coils
Indicates and satisfies the relationship>
Deducing the induced voltage on a planar receiving coil>
The calculation formula (c) is as follows:
by L s Indicating self-inductance of the planar receiving coil, C s Compensation capacitance, R, representing the self-inductance of a planar receiving coil s Representing the equivalent internal resistance, R, of the planar receiving coil L Representing the electric load, calculating to obtain the current flowing through the planar receiving coil
Based on the complete resonance relationship of the self-inductance of the planar receiving coil and its compensating capacitance, i.e.
Simplified current->
Expression (c): />
Calculating the transmission efficiency of the wireless power supply system containing N planar transmitting coils according to the derived transmitting-picking current relation:
wherein R is p Representing the equivalent internal resistance of a single planar transmit coil,
by the same token, x planar transmitting coils are supplied with the same current
When energized, the mutual inductance vector between the x planar transmit coils and the planar receive coils is denoted as M "= [ M" (1), M "(2),]the transmission efficiency of the wireless power supply system is a function η (M ", x) with respect to the vectors M" and x:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
it can be seen that when the value of formula (9) is the maximum, formula (8) calculates the optimal transmission efficiency.
Based on the coupling mechanism and theoretical analysis, the embodiment of the invention provides an excitation method of the coupling mechanism, which comprises the following steps:
s1, identifying mutual inductance parameters by using primary side parameters to obtain the mutual inductance M between a planar transmitting coil and a planar receiving coil with the serial numbers of 1,2, \8230, N 1 ,M 2 ,…,M N Form a mutual inductance vector M = [ M ] 1 ,M 2 ,…,M N ]；
S2, sequencing elements in the mutual inductance vector M from large to small according to mutual inductance values to obtain mutual inductance vectors M '= [ M' (1), M '(2), \ 8230;, M' (N) ] which are arranged in a descending order;
s3, sequentially substituting the first k +1 elements in the mutual inductance vector M' into a formula respectively
In (2), obtain the corresponding S M′1 ,S M′2 ,…,S M′k ,S M′(k+1) ，k＝1,2,…,N-1；
S4, first occurrence of S M′k ≥S M′(k+1) Then, determining the k value at the moment, and finding out the serial numbers of the planar transmitting coils corresponding to the front k elements in the mutual inductance vector M';
and S5, exciting the planar transmitting coil corresponding to the serial number of the planar transmitting coil determined in the step S4.
The steps S3 and S4 specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) Substituting M '(1), M' (2)
Can obtain S M′1 、S M′2 Judgment S M′1 ≥S M′2 If not, continuing the next step, otherwise, finding out the serial numbers of the planar transmitting coils corresponding to the first 1 elements in M '(1) and M' (2), and entering the step S5;
(2) Substituting M ' (1), M ' (2), M ' (3) into
Can obtain S M′2 、
S M′3 Judgment S M′2 ≥S M′3 If not, continuing the next step, otherwise, finding out the numbers of the planar transmitting coils corresponding to the first 2 elements in M ' (1), M ' (2) and M ' (3), and entering the step S5;
……；
(k) Substituting M ' (1), M ' (2) through M ' (k + 1)
Can obtain,
S M′(k) 、S M′(k+1) Judgment S M′k ≥S M′(k+1) If not, continuing the next step, otherwise, finding out the serial numbers of the planar transmitting coils corresponding to the first k elements in M ' (1), M ' (2) and M ' (k + 1) and entering the step S5;
……；
(N-1) substituting M ' (1), M ' (2) to M ' (N)
Can obtain,
S M′(N-1) 、S M′N Judgment S M′(N-1) ≥S M′N And if not, drawing a conclusion that all N planar transmitting coils need to be activated, otherwise, finding out the serial numbers of the planar transmitting coils corresponding to the first N-1 elements in M ' (1), M ' (2) to M ' (N) and entering the step S5.
For step S4, for example, when S occurs M′1 ≥S M′2 When k =1, the first 1 element of the mutual inductance vector M ', M' (1), is found, with its corresponding number assumed to be y, while the N planar transmitting coils have been numbered 1,2, \ 8230;, N, respectively. Step S5, i.e. choosing to excite the planar transmitting coil with number y, can make the transmission efficiency optimal.
Referring to fig. 3, below are some more specific examples where N =7 planar transmit coils form exactly one regular hexagonal transmit coil array, the parameters of the coils in the array being in accordance with fig. 2.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 3 (a), when the planar receiving coil is placed at coordinates (10, 20, 40), the unit: mm.
The mutual inductance parameter can be identified by using the primary side parameter to obtain the mutual inductance vector M = [ M ] between each planar transmitting coil and each planar receiving coil 1 ＝80.586nH,M 2 ＝355.807nH,M 3 ＝97.288nH,M 4 ＝2.919μH,M 5 ＝1.214μH,M 6 ＝272.267nH,M 7 ＝1.134μH]Obtaining mutual inductance vectors M ' = [ M ' (1) = M ' in descending order of mutual inductance values according to sorting from large to small 4 ＝2.919μH，M′(2)＝M 5 ＝1.214μH，M′(3)
＝M 7 ＝1.134μH，M′(4)＝M 2 ＝355.807nH，M′(5)＝M 6 ＝272.267nH，M′(6)
＝M 3 ＝97.288nH，M′(7)＝M 1 ＝80.586nH]Then can be represented by
Obtaining:
S M′1 ＝8.521×10 -12 ，S M′2 ＝8.541×10 -12 ，S M′3 ＝9.247×10 -12 ，S M′4 ＝7.904×10 -12 ，
S M′5 ＝6.950×10 -12 ，S M′6 ＝5.985×10 -12 ，S M′7 ＝5.269×10 -12 it can be known that S appears for the first time M′3 ≥S M′4 Namely S M′3 Take the maximum value, when k =3, corresponding to the first 3 elements in M' being M respectively 4 、M 5 、M 7 The transmitter coils 4, 5 and 7 of the transmitter coil array should be operated, S M′3 Taking the maximum value to obtain:
i.e. when the planar receiving coil is placed in (10, 20, 40), the unit: mm, the transmitting coil 4, the transmitting coil 5 and the transmitting coil 7 in the transmitting coil array should work, and the efficiency of the multi-transmitting-single-receiving coupling coil system is 91.55% at most.
Example 2: as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the planar receiving coil is placed in coordinates
Unit: mm>
The mutual inductance parameters can be identified and sequenced by using the primary side parameters to obtain M': m' = [ M ] 4 ＝2.073μH，M 5 ＝2.068μH，M 7 ＝2.066μH，M 3 ＝257.772nH，M 1 ＝257.630nH，M 2 ＝17.673nH，M 6 ＝16.765nH]Is then of formula
Obtaining: s M′1 ＝4.297×10 -12 ，S M′2 ＝8.574×10 -12 ，S M′3 ＝1.284×10 -11 ，S M′4 ＝1.045×10 -11 ，S M′5 ＝9.038×10 -12 ，S M′6 ＝7.571×10 -12 ，S M′7 ＝6.522×10 -12 Is known as S M′3 Take the maximum value, i.e. k =3, when the first 3 elements in M' are M respectively 4 、M 5 、M 7 The transmitter coils 4, 5 and 7 of the transmitter coil array should be operated, S M′3 Taking the maximum value to obtain:
i.e. the planar receiving coil is arranged at
And, the unit: mm, the transmitting coil 4, the transmitting coil 5 and the transmitting coil 7 in the transmitting coil array should work, and the efficiency of the multi-transmitting-single-receiving coupling coil system is 93.38% at the maximum.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 3 (c), the planar receiving coil is placed at coordinates (0, 40) in units: mm.
The mutual inductance parameters can be identified and sequenced by using the primary side parameters to obtain M': m' = [ M = 4 ＝3.079μH，M 7 ＝405.034nH，M 5 ＝404.711nH，M 1 ＝404.297nH，M 3 ＝404.246nH，M 6 ＝403.866nH，M 2 ＝403.237nH]Then can be represented by
Obtaining: s M′1 ＝9.480×10 -12 ，S M′2 ＝6.069×10 -12 ，S M′3 ＝5.041×10 -12 ，S M′4 ＝4.608×10 -12 ，S M′5 ＝4.413×10 -12 ，S M′6 ＝4.337×10 -12 ，S M′7 ＝4.324×10 -12 Can know S M′1 Take the maximum value, i.e. k =1, when the first 1 elements in M' are M respectively 4 The transmitter coils 4 in the transmitter coil array should be operated, S M′1 Taking the maximum value to obtain: />
I.e. the planar receiving coil is placed at (0, 40), unit: mm, only the transmitting coil 4 in the transmitting coil array should work, and the efficiency of the multi-transmitting-single-receiving coupling coil system is 91.71 percent at most.
Example 4: as shown in fig. 3 (d), the planar receiving coil is placed at coordinates (0, 45, 40) in units: mm.
The mutual inductance parameters can be identified and sequenced by using the primary side parameters to obtain M': m' = [ M ] 4 ＝2.342μH，M 5 ＝2.340μH，M 7 ＝882.449nH，M 2 ＝880.810nH，M 3 ＝256.429nH，M 6 ＝194.319nH，M 1 ＝194.206nH]Is then of formula
Obtaining: s M′1 ＝5.485×10 -12 ，S M′2 ＝1.096×10 -11 ，S M′3 ＝1.039×10 -11 ，S M′4 ＝1.032×10 -11 ，S M′5 ＝8.983×10 -12 ，S M′6 ＝7.926×10 -12 ，S M′7 ＝7.181×10 -12 Can know S M′2 Take the maximum value, i.e. k =2, when the first 2 elements in M' are M respectively 4 、M 5 The transmitter coils 4, 5 of the transmitter coil array should be operated, S M′2 Get the maximumThe value is as follows:
i.e. a planar receiving coil is placed at (0, 45, 40), unit: mm, the transmitting coils 4 and 5 in the transmitting coil array should work, and the efficiency of the multi-transmitting-single-receiving coupled coil system is 92.56% at most.
In summary, the coupling mechanism of the high-efficiency low-leakage wireless power supply system and the excitation method thereof provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:
1. a multi-transmitting coil structure with regular hexagon uniform distribution characteristic and a plane receiving coil which can always completely coat at least one plane transmitting coil are constructed, so that the larger mutual inductance sum between the coupling mechanisms under the worst coupling condition is ensured, and the system transmission efficiency is not lower than a preset value eta at any energy pickup position 0 ；
2. Based on mutual inductance between coils and activation judgment criteria (S1-S5), the planar transmitting coil with the optimal transmission efficiency is selected for activation judgment, the limitation that the prior art can only carry out activation judgment on three transmitting coils is broken through, a power supply area and a power supply boundary do not need to be defined for a multi-transmitting-coil structure, and the position of a planar receiving coil does not need to be positioned and the power supply area where the size of the planar receiving coil is located is judged.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The excitation method of the coupling mechanism is characterized in that the coupling mechanism comprises N planar transmitting coils with the same structure and a planar receiving coil, wherein N is more than or equal to 7; n planar transmitting coils are distributed in a honeycomb manner to form at least oneA regular hexagonal transmit coil array; in each regular hexagonal transmitting coil array, 1 planar transmitting coil is positioned in the center of a regular hexagon, and 6 planar transmitting coils adjacent to the center are positioned at 6 angles of the regular hexagon; the distances between the centers of two adjacent planar transmitting coils are d, and d satisfies that the two adjacent planar transmitting coils are positioned at a decoupling point; the size of the planar receiving coil meets the requirement that at least one planar transmitting coil can be completely coated at any charging position; during wireless power transmission, at least one planar transmitting coil with at most N planar transmitting coils is excited to carry out magnetic coupling with a planar receiving coil; the plane transmitting coil and the plane receiving coil are both circular spiral coils, and the minimum outer radius r of the plane receiving coil som Satisfies the following conditions:
wherein r is po Is the outer radius of the planar transmitting coil;
the excitation method comprises the following steps:
s1, identifying mutual inductance parameters by using primary side parameters to obtain the mutual inductance M between a planar transmitting coil and a planar receiving coil with the serial numbers of 1,2, \8230, N 1 ,M 2 ,…,M N Form a mutual inductance vector M = [ M ] 1 ,M 2 ,…,M N ]；
S2, sequencing elements in the mutual inductance vector M from large to small according to mutual inductance values to obtain mutual inductance vectors M '= [ M' (1), M '(2), \ 8230;, M' (N) ] arranged in a descending order;
s3, sequentially substituting the first k +1 elements in the mutual inductance vector M' into a formula respectively
In (2), obtain the corresponding S M′1 ,S M′2 ,…,S M′k ,S M′(k+1) ，k＝1,2,…,N-1；
S4, first occurrence of S M′k ≥S M′(k+1) Then, the value of k at the moment is determined, and the correspondence of the first k elements in the mutual inductance vector M' is found outThe number of the planar transmitting coil of (a);
and S5, exciting the planar transmitting coil corresponding to the serial number of the planar transmitting coil determined in the step S4.
2. Method for actuating a coupling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that x planar transmitting coils are supplied with the same current
When excited, the mutual inductance vector between the x planar transmitting coils and the planar receiving coils is expressed as M "= [ M" (1), M "(2), \8230;, M" (x)]The transmission efficiency of the wireless power supply system is related to M "and a function η (M", x) of the vector and x:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the current flowing in a planar receiving coil, R s Representing the equivalent internal resistance, R, of the planar receiving coil p Representing the equivalent internal resistance, R, of the planar transmitting coil L Representing the electrical load, omega the system operating frequency,
3. a method of actuating a coupling mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: as can be seen from equation (8), when equation (9) takes the maximum value, the transmission efficiency calculated by equation (8) reaches the maximum, and in step S4, S appears for the first time M′k ≥S M′(k+1) Namely S M”x Obtaining a maximum value S M′k X = k, S at this time M′k The value corresponds to an optimal transmission efficiency of the wireless power supply system.
4. Method for actuating a coupling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer radius r of the planar receiving coil so Satisfies the following conditions:
wherein r is si Is the inner radius of the planar receiving coil, w ds 、n s The wire diameter and the number of turns of litz wire used to wind the size of the planar receiving coil are respectively indicated.
5. Method for actuating a coupling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer radius r of the planar transmitting coil po Satisfies the following conditions:
r po ＝r pi +w dp n p (1)
wherein r is pi Is the inner radius of the planar transmitting coil, w dp 、n p The wire diameter and the number of turns of litz wire used to wind the planar transmitting coil are respectively indicated.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein d is the shortest separation distance between two adjacent planar transmitting coils at the decoupling point.
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