CN114389129A - Laser system for modular cold atoms - Google Patents
Laser system for modular cold atoms Download PDFInfo
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- CN114389129A CN114389129A CN202111487977.7A CN202111487977A CN114389129A CN 114389129 A CN114389129 A CN 114389129A CN 202111487977 A CN202111487977 A CN 202111487977A CN 114389129 A CN114389129 A CN 114389129A
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- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094042—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a fibre laser
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Abstract
The invention relates to a modular laser system for cold atoms, comprising: the device comprises a laser module, an optical switch module, a frequency locking module and a beat frequency module; the two laser modules input laser into the beat frequency module through the laser output port; the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of one laser module are connected with the frequency locking module to lock the frequency of the laser output by the laser module; the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the other laser module are connected with the beat frequency module to realize the locking of the output frequency difference of the two laser modules; the optical switch module changes the input light passing proportion according to the input control signal, and the output laser of each laser module is output after passing through each corresponding optical switch module; according to the requirements of the cold atom quantum precision measurement device, the laser source, the frequency stability and control, the laser beam splitting and combining functions and the like of the laser system are modularized, and the design difficulty of the laser system is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold atoms, in particular to a modular laser system for cold atoms.
Background
The cold atom technology is a technology for realizing the research of atomic physical properties and precision measurement by controlling the change of atomic quantum states, and is applied to a plurality of fields such as quantum communication, atomic clocks, atomic gravimeters, quantum simulation and the like. The process of controlling the change of the atomic quantum state generally comprises atom cooling and trapping, atomic quantum state preparation, material wave interference, quantum state layout detection and the like, and relates to laser with various frequencies such as cooling laser, back-pumping laser, Raman laser, detection laser and the like. One form of atomic quantum state change is represented by atomic energy level transitions, requiring laser module output with linewidths superior to energy level broadening. The different quantum state changes correspond to different frequencies of laser light. Therefore, the laser module outputs laser frequency by locking, modulating, etc. to realize the laser output with specified frequency and narrow line width.
The design and development of the current cold atom laser system comprise the work of laser module model selection, optical elements, laser modulation devices, circuit design, light path design, assembly and the like. The laser module is divided into various types such as a fiber laser module, a distributed feedback type semiconductor laser module, a distributed Bragg reflection laser module, a vertical cavity surface emitting laser module and the like. Different types of laser modules require different temperature control, wavelength adjustment modes and laser output modes. Similarly, this phenomenon also exists in optical components, laser modulation devices, circuit designs, optical path designs and assembly processes. Therefore, laser systems of different cold atomic quantum precision measurement systems often have no interchangeability, and have poor maintainability, which affects the guarantee and maintenance of the quantum precision measurement systems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a modularized laser system for cold atoms, which modularizes the functions of a laser source, frequency stabilization and control, laser beam splitting and beam combining and the like of the laser system according to the requirements of a cold atom quantum precision measuring device, thereby greatly reducing the design difficulty of the laser system; the modules are connected by optical fibers and cables, the production process is simple, the maintenance and the replacement are easy, the environmental adaptability of the system is improved, and the method has important significance in promoting the engineering of cold atom devices.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a modular laser system for cold atoms, comprising: the device comprises a laser module, an optical switch module, a frequency locking module and a beat frequency module; the number of the laser modules and the number of the optical switch modules are at least two;
the laser module includes: the narrow linewidth laser comprises a narrow linewidth laser and ports, wherein the ports comprise a laser input interface, a laser output port and a laser wavelength modulation input port;
the two laser modules input laser into the beat frequency module through laser output ports; the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of one laser module are connected with the frequency locking module to lock the frequency of the laser output by the laser module; the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the other laser module are connected with the beat frequency module, so that the locking of the output frequency difference of the two laser modules is realized;
the optical switch module changes the input light passing proportion according to the input control signal, and the output laser of each laser module is output after passing through each corresponding optical switch module.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Optionally, the laser module includes: a laser output port I and a laser output port II;
and the first laser output port of one laser module is connected with the beat frequency module, and the second laser output port inputs the emitted laser into the beat frequency module.
Optionally, the frequency locking module includes a first laser input port and a feedback voltage output port;
and a laser output port I of one laser module is connected with a laser input port I of the frequency locking module, a feedback voltage output port of the frequency locking module is connected with a laser wavelength modulation input port of the laser module, and the frequency of the laser module is locked at a specified frequency near the atomic cooling laser.
Optionally, the optical switch module is an active optical device that changes a passing ratio of input light according to an input control signal;
the optical switch module includes: the laser input port II, the laser output port III and the control signal input port.
Optionally, the beat frequency module includes: a laser input port III, a laser input port IV, a feedback voltage output port and a control signal input port; the input lasers of the two laser modules respectively enter the beat frequency module from the laser input port three and the laser input port four, and the feedback voltage output port is connected with the laser output port of one laser module, so that the locking of the output frequency difference of the two laser modules is realized.
Optionally, the laser system further includes a beam splitter and combiner; the beam splitting and combining device comprises: a laser input port five, a laser output port four and a laser output port five;
and a fifth laser input port of the beam splitting and combining device is connected with a fifth laser output port of the laser module, and the lasers output by the laser module are split according to the energy proportion and are respectively output from a fourth laser output port and a fifth laser output port.
Optionally, the laser module includes a first laser module and a second laser module, and the optical switch module includes: the optical switch module I and the optical switch module II are arranged in parallel;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the first laser module are connected with the frequency locking module, and the frequency of the first laser module is locked at a specified frequency near the atomic cooling laser;
after laser output by the first laser module is split by the beam splitting and combining device, one laser enters the first optical switch module and is used as output atomic cooling light, and the other laser enters the beat frequency module;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the laser module II are connected with the beat frequency module, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module II is realized, and the frequency of the laser module II is locked on the frequency of the atomic pumping light;
and laser output by the second laser module is used as output atomic back pump light after passing through the second optical switch module.
Optionally, the laser module includes a first laser module, a second laser module, and a third laser module, and the optical switch module includes: the beat frequency module comprises a beat frequency module I and a beat frequency module II;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the first laser module are connected with the frequency locking module, and the frequency of the first laser module is locked at a specified frequency near the atomic cooling laser;
laser output by the first laser module is split by the beam splitting and combining device and then enters the first beat frequency module and the second beat frequency module respectively;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the laser module II are connected with the beat frequency module I, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module II is realized;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the laser module III are connected with the beat frequency module II, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module III is realized;
laser output by the laser module II passes through the optical switch module I and then is used for outputting cooling light, Raman light A and detection light; laser output by the laser module III passes through the optical switch module II and then is used as output back pump light and Raman light B; and the first beat frequency module and the second beat frequency module realize switching among various laser frequencies based on the control signal.
Optionally, the output ends of the first optical switch module and the second optical switch module are further respectively connected to a beam splitter and combiner, and the beam splitter and combiner are respectively divided into two paths of laser outputs for two cold atom gravity measuring instruments.
Optionally, the laser module includes a first laser module, a second laser module, a third laser module and a fourth laser module, and the optical switch module includes: the system comprises a first optical switch module, a second optical switch module and a third optical switch module, wherein the beat frequency module comprises a first beat frequency module, a second beat frequency module and a third beat frequency module; the beam splitting and combining device comprises a first beam splitting and combining device and a second beam splitting and combining device;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the first laser module are connected with the frequency locking module, and the frequency of the first laser module is locked at a specified frequency near the atomic cooling laser;
the laser output by the laser module I respectively enters the beat frequency module I and the beam splitter-combiner II after being split by the beam splitter-combiner, and enters the beat frequency module II and the beat frequency module III after being split by the beam splitter-combiner;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the laser module II are connected with the beat frequency module I, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module II is realized;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the laser module III are connected with the beat frequency module II, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module III is realized;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the laser module IV are connected with the beat frequency module III, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module IV is realized;
laser output by the laser module II passes through the optical switch module I and then is used as output cooling light, projection light A, Raman light A and detection light; laser output by the laser module III passes through the optical switch module II and then is used for outputting cooling light and polishing light B; laser light output by the laser module IV passes through the optical switch module III and then is used as output back pump light and Raman light B; the first beat frequency module, the second beat frequency module and the third beat frequency module realize switching among various laser frequencies based on control signals.
According to the modular laser system for cold atoms, the installation of the components of the laser system only needs to be implemented by electrical and optical fiber connection; the electrical connection adopts a standard connector; the optical fiber connection adopts an optical fiber fusion splicer. The installation process among the modules is simple, and precise installation and adjustment are not needed; when a fault occurs in the work, the quick disassembly and the assembly can be realized, and the maintainability and the environmental adaptability of the system are improved; the 5 components can be flexibly combined to form a laser system which meets different requirements such as atom trapping, single atom interference, diatom interference, atom casting interference and the like, and the laser system is used for atom interferometers such as atomic clocks, atomic gravimeters, atomic gyroscopes and the like and application of the same quantum precision measurement scene based on atoms; the standardized development of a quantum precision measuring device is facilitated, the system design difficulty is reduced, and the maintenance and the replacement are facilitated; and all modules are connected by optical fibers and cables, the production process is simple, the environmental adaptability of the system is favorably improved, and the method has important significance in promoting the engineering of the cold atom device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of each module of a modular laser system for cold atoms according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an atom-cooling trapping laser system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser system for cold atom absolute gravity measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a laser system for cold atom gravity gradient measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a laser system for cold atom projectile rotation measurement provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
in the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
the laser control system comprises a 1-laser module, a 2-optical switch module, a 3-frequency locking module, a 4-beat frequency module, a 5-beam splitting and combining device, an 11-laser wavelength modulation input port, a 12-laser output port I, a 13-laser output port II, a 14-communication port, a 21-laser input port II, a 22-laser output port III, a 23-control signal input port, a 31-laser input port I, a 32-feedback voltage output port, a 41-laser input port III, a 42-laser input port IV, a 43-feedback voltage output port, a 44-control signal input port, a 51-laser input port V, a 52-laser output port IV, a 53-laser output port V and a 54-laser input port VI.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of each module of a modular laser system for cold atoms according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the laser system includes: the device comprises a laser module 1, an optical switch module 2, a frequency locking module 3 and a beat frequency module 4; the number of the laser modules 1 and the number of the optical switch modules 2 are at least two.
The laser module 1 includes: narrow linewidth laser and port, the port includes laser input interface, laser output port and laser wavelength modulation input port.
The two laser modules 1 input laser into the beat frequency module 4 through laser output ports; a laser wavelength modulation input port and a laser output port of a laser module 1 are connected with a frequency locking module 3, and the frequency locking is carried out on the laser output by the laser module 1; the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the other laser module 1 are connected with the beat frequency module 4, so that the locking of the output frequency difference of the two laser modules 1 is realized.
The optical switch module 2 changes the input light passing proportion according to the input control signal, and the output laser of each laser module 1 is output after passing through each corresponding optical switch module 2.
According to the modular laser system for cold atoms, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the functions of a laser source, frequency stabilization and control, laser beam splitting and beam combining and the like of the laser system are modularized according to the requirements of a cold atom quantum precision measurement device, so that the design difficulty of the laser system is greatly reduced; the modules are connected by optical fibers and cables, the production process is simple, the maintenance and the replacement are easy, the environmental adaptability of the system is improved, and the method has important significance in promoting the engineering of cold atom devices.
Example 1
The laser module 1 includes: narrow linewidth laser and port, the port includes laser input interface, laser output port and laser wavelength modulation input port.
The two laser modules 1 input laser into the beat frequency module 4 through laser output ports; a laser wavelength modulation input port and a laser output port of a laser module 1 are connected with a frequency locking module 3, and the frequency locking is carried out on the laser output by the laser module 1; the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the other laser module 1 are connected with the beat frequency module 4, so that the locking of the output frequency difference of the two laser modules 1 is realized.
The optical switch module 2 changes the input light passing proportion according to the input control signal, and the output laser of each laser module 1 is output after passing through each corresponding optical switch module 2.
In one possible embodiment, a laser module includes: a first laser output port 12 and a second laser output port 13.
The first laser output port 12 of one laser module 1 is connected with the beat frequency module 4, and the second laser output port 13 inputs the emitted laser into the beat frequency module 4.
In a possible embodiment, the frequency locking module 3 includes a laser input port one 31 and a feedback voltage output port 32.
A laser output port one 12 of the laser module 1 is connected with a laser input port one 31 of the frequency locking module 3, and a feedback voltage output port 32 of the frequency locking module 3 is connected with a laser wavelength modulation input port 11 of the laser module 1, so that the frequency of the laser module 1 is locked at a specified frequency near the atomic cooling laser.
In a specific implementation, the frequency locking module 3 is a laser frequency locking device, and stabilizes laser at a designated atomic energy level transition line by using the absorption rate of input laser of atoms to different frequencies. The laser module 1 is composed of a narrow linewidth laser and an interface conversion component thereof, and each optical port and each electrical port of the laser module, which are connected with the outside, are realized through the interface conversion component. The optical ports include a laser output port 12 and a laser output port 13. The electrical ports include a laser wavelength modulation input port 11 and a communication port 14.
In one possible embodiment, the optical switch module 2 is an active optical device that changes the passing ratio of input light by an input control signal.
The optical port has a laser input port two 21 and a laser output port three 22. The electrical port has a control signal input port 23.
In a possible embodiment, the beat module 4 is a two-laser module output laser frequency difference locking device, and two laser beams are mixed to obtain a beat signal reflecting the frequency difference between the two laser beams. The optical port has a laser input port three 41 and a laser input port four 42. The electrical port has a feedback voltage output port 43 and a control signal input port 44.
The input lasers of the two laser modules 1 enter the beat frequency module 4 from the laser input port three 41 and the laser input port four 42, and the feedback voltage output port 43 is connected with the laser output port of one laser module 1, so that the locking of the output frequency difference of the two laser modules 1 is realized.
In a possible embodiment, the beam splitter/combiner 5 is an optical device that outputs the input laser light from two output ports respectively according to the energy ratio. The optical port has a laser input port five 51, a laser output port four 52, a laser output port five 53, and a laser input port six 54.
The laser input port five 51 of the beam splitting and combining device 5 is connected with the laser output end of the laser module 1, and the laser output from the laser module 1 is split according to the energy proportion and is output from the laser output port four 52 and the laser output port five 53 respectively.
In one possible embodiment, the light source of the laser module 1 employs a narrow linewidth fiber laser module. A1560 nm single-frequency laser module with the output line width less than or equal to 20kHz and the output power of about 30mW is used for amplifying the output power of 5W by an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and injecting the amplified output power into the periodically polarized lithium niobate crystal. The injected laser meets the temperature matching condition through precise temperature control to output the frequency-doubled laser of 1560nm laser, and 780nm laser with the power of about 1W is obtained. The output laser light passes through a 1 × 2 optical fiber beam splitter to form 990mW laser light, and the 990mW laser light is output from the laser output port 12, and 10mW laser light is output from the laser output port 13. The power supply current of the narrow linewidth laser and the temperature control of the laser tube are realized by a special circuit board. The circuit board is provided with an analog voltage input interface, the input voltage range is 0V-5V, and the laser frequency change of the laser module output can be controlled to be 800MHz and used as a laser wavelength modulation input port 11. And meanwhile, the laser module is provided with a serial port for configuring the parameters of the laser module as a communication port 14.
The optical switch module 2 in this embodiment adopts an acousto-optic modulator. After the acousto-optic modulator is driven by a 110MHz radio frequency signal of 30dBm, the passing laser generates 1 st order diffraction light, so that the frequency of part of the laser is changed and the transmission direction of the laser is deflected. The optical fiber is aligned and coupled with the 1 st order diffraction light of the acousto-optic modulator, and the 0 th order diffraction light is prevented from entering the optical fiber. When the radio frequency drive of the acousto-optic modulator is turned off, no level 1 laser is present. At the moment, the laser cannot enter the optical fiber light path for transmission, and the optical switch module is closed. And when the radio frequency drive is started, the level 1 laser is generated, at the moment, the laser can enter the optical fiber optical path for transmission, and the optical switch module is started. The laser input end of the acousto-optic modulator is used as a second laser input port 21; the laser output end of the acousto-optic modulator is used as a laser output end III 22; the radio frequency signal input port of the acousto-optic modulator serves as a control signal input port 23.
In this embodiment, the frequency locking module 3 realizes frequency locking by adopting a saturation absorption mode. The first laser input port 31 is input to an optical fiber collimating head inside the frequency locking module 3 in an optical fiber form, is divided into two paths of signal light and pump light by a beam splitter prism, and respectively enters from two ends of an atomic pool sealed with elemental atom steam. The signal light and the pump light are completely overlapped in the optical path in the atomic pool but opposite in direction. And the signal light coming out of the atomic pool acquires the light intensity through a photoelectric detector. The collected light intensity signal is transmitted to the control circuit board inside the frequency locking module, and the output voltage is processed through feedback control and serves as a feedback voltage output port 32.
In this embodiment, the laser input port three 41 and the laser input port 42 of the beat module 4 correspond to two input ports of the 2 × 1 optical fiber combiner, respectively. The laser beams are combined into a laser beam through the laser input ports III 41 and 42 and are connected to the high-speed photoelectric detector from the output port of the 2X 1 optical fiber beam combiner. The acquisition cut-off frequency of the high-speed photoelectric detector is more than 8 GHz. When the frequency difference of the two paths of laser input by the laser input port III 41 and the laser input port 42 does not exceed 8GHz, the high-speed photoelectric detector acquires beat frequency signals interfered by the two beams of laser. The signal is transmitted to a phase frequency detector of a circuit board inside the beat frequency module, and simultaneously, a radio frequency signal input by the control signal input port 44 also enters the phase frequency detector, so that the frequency difference between the radio frequency signal of the high-speed photoelectric detector and the radio frequency signal of the control signal input port 44 is obtained. The feedback circuit of the circuit board outputs a voltage signal to the laser module through the feedback voltage output port 43, adjusts the output wavelength of the laser module to eliminate the frequency difference, and realizes the locking of the frequency difference between the two laser modules.
In this embodiment, the beam combiner 5 adopts a spatial light polarization beam combination mode. The laser input port five 51 and the laser input port six 54 are input into the beam combiner 5 in the form of optical fibers, and form spatial light beam transmission with the diameter of 1mm through the optical fiber collimator respectively. The input laser light is divided into 2 laser beams according to the polarization state after passing through the polarization beam splitter prism. The splitting ratio of the 2-beam laser can be adjusted by rotating 1/2 wave plate angle before the polarization splitting prism to achieve the splitting ratio of 0 to infinity. The 2 laser beams are coupled into a laser output port four 52 and a laser output port five 53 through a pair of reflecting mirrors respectively.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 provided by the invention is an embodiment of the atom cooling trapping laser system provided by the invention, and the laser system outputs atom cooling light and back pump light to meet the atom cooling trapping application. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an atom-cooling trapping laser system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 2, the embodiment includes:
the first laser output port 12 of the first laser module is connected with the first laser input port 31 of the frequency locking module 3, and the feedback voltage output port 32 of the frequency locking module 3 is connected with the laser wavelength modulation input port 11 of the first laser module, so that the frequency of the first laser module is locked at a specified frequency near the atomic cooling laser.
The second laser output port 13 of the first laser module is connected with the fifth laser input port 51 of the beam splitting and combining device 5, and the laser output from the second laser output port 13 is output from the fourth laser output port 52 and the fifth laser output port 53 of the beam splitting and combining device 5 according to the set laser power proportion.
The laser output port four 52 is connected with the laser input port two 21 of the optical switch module one, so that laser is output from the laser output port three 22 of the optical switch module one and is used as atom cooling light.
The laser output from the laser output port five 53 enters the beat frequency module 4 through the laser input port three 41.
The first laser output port 12 of the second laser module enters the beat frequency module 4 through the fourth laser input port 42; and a feedback voltage output port 43 output by the beat frequency module 4 is connected with a laser wavelength modulation input port 11 of the laser module II, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module II is realized, and the frequency of the laser module II is locked on the frequency of the atomic pumping light.
And a second laser output port 13 of the second laser module is output through the second optical switch module and is used as atomic back pump light.
Example 3
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser system for cold atom absolute gravity measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention, as can be seen from fig. 3, the embodiment includes:
the first laser module is locked on the appointed frequency by the frequency locking module 3. And laser output by the second laser output port 13 of the first laser module is input into the first beat frequency module and the second beat frequency module respectively after passing through the beam splitting and combining device 5. And the second laser module keeps the frequency difference with the first laser module through the first beat frequency module. The frequency difference is determined by the control signal input port 44 of the first beat frequency module. And the third laser module keeps the frequency difference with the first laser module through the second beat frequency module. The frequency difference is determined by the control signal input port 44 of the second beat frequency module. Finally, a second laser output port 13 of the second laser module outputs the cooling light, the Raman light A and the detection light through the first optical switch module; and a second laser output port 13 of the third laser module outputs the second laser output port as the pump-back light and the Raman light B through the second optical switch module. The switching among the various laser frequencies is controlled by the control signal input ports 44 of the first beat frequency module and the second beat frequency module.
Example 4
Specifically, the cold atom gravity gradient measurement is obtained by difference of two cold atom gravity measuring instruments, and the laser requirement in the measurement process is basically consistent with the cold atom absolute gravity measurement. The difference lies in that the output lasers of the second laser module and the third laser module are respectively divided into two paths of laser outputs after passing through the second beam splitter and the third beam splitter and are used for two cold atom gravity measuring instruments.
Example 5
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a laser system for cold atom projectile rotation measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 5, the embodiment includes:
and laser output from the laser output port II 13 of the laser module I is converted into three paths of laser output after being cascaded by the beam splitting and combining device I and the beam splitting and combining device II. Respectively input into a first beat frequency module, a second beat frequency module and a third beat frequency module. And the second laser module keeps the frequency difference with the first laser module through the first beat frequency module. The frequency difference is determined by the control signal input port 44 of the first beat frequency module. And the third laser module keeps the frequency difference with the first laser module through the second beat frequency module. The frequency difference is determined by the control signal input port 44 of the second beat frequency module. The four-way pass beat frequency module III keeps the frequency difference with the first laser module. The frequency difference is determined by the control signal input port 44 of the beat frequency block three. Finally, a second laser output port 13 of the second laser module outputs the cooling light, the projectile light A, the Raman light A and the probe light through the first optical switch module; the second laser output port 13 of the third laser module is used as cooling light and polishing light B through the second optical switch module; and a second laser output port 13 of the fourth laser module is output as the pump-back light and the Raman light B through the third optical switch module. The switching among the various laser frequencies is controlled by the control signal input ports 44 of the first beat frequency module, the second beat frequency module and the third beat frequency module.
According to the modular laser system for cold atoms, the installation of the components of the laser system only needs to be implemented through electrical and optical fiber connection; the electrical connection adopts a standard connector; the optical fiber connection adopts an optical fiber fusion splicer. The installation process among the modules is simple, and precise installation and adjustment are not needed; when a fault occurs in the work, the quick disassembly and the assembly can be realized, and the maintainability and the environmental adaptability of the system are improved; the 5 components can be flexibly combined to form a laser system which meets different requirements such as atom trapping, single atom interference, diatom interference, atom casting interference and the like, and the laser system is used for atom interferometers such as atomic clocks, atomic gravimeters, atomic gyroscopes and the like and application of the same quantum precision measurement scene based on atoms; the standardized development of a quantum precision measuring device is facilitated, the system design difficulty is reduced, and the maintenance and the replacement are facilitated; and all modules are connected by optical fibers and cables, the production process is simple, the environmental adaptability of the system is favorably improved, and the method has important significance in promoting the engineering of the cold atom device.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A modular laser system for cold atoms, the laser system comprising: the device comprises a laser module, an optical switch module, a frequency locking module and a beat frequency module; the number of the laser modules and the number of the optical switch modules are at least two;
the laser module includes: the narrow linewidth laser comprises a narrow linewidth laser and ports, wherein the ports comprise a laser input interface, a laser output port and a laser wavelength modulation input port;
the two laser modules input laser into the beat frequency module through laser output ports; the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of one laser module are connected with the frequency locking module to lock the frequency of the laser output by the laser module; the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the other laser module are connected with the beat frequency module, so that the locking of the output frequency difference of the two laser modules is realized;
the optical switch module changes the input light passing proportion according to the input control signal, and the output laser of each laser module is output after passing through each corresponding optical switch module.
2. The laser system of claim 1, wherein the laser module comprises: a laser output port I and a laser output port II;
and the first laser output port of one laser module is connected with the beat frequency module, and the second laser output port inputs the emitted laser into the beat frequency module.
3. The laser system of claim 2, wherein the frequency-locking module comprises a first laser input port and a feedback voltage output port;
and a laser output port I of one laser module is connected with a laser input port I of the frequency locking module, a feedback voltage output port of the frequency locking module is connected with a laser wavelength modulation input port of the laser module, and the frequency of the laser module is locked at a specified frequency near the atomic cooling laser.
4. The laser system of claim 1, wherein the optical switch module is an active optical device that changes the passing ratio of input light by an input control signal;
the optical switch module includes: the laser input port II, the laser output port III and the control signal input port.
5. The laser system of claim 1, wherein the beat module comprises: a laser input port III, a laser input port IV, a feedback voltage output port and a control signal input port; the input lasers of the two laser modules respectively enter the beat frequency module from the laser input port three and the laser input port four, and the feedback voltage output port is connected with the laser output port of one laser module, so that the locking of the output frequency difference of the two laser modules is realized.
6. The laser system of claim 1, further comprising a beam splitter and combiner; the beam splitting and combining device comprises: a laser input port five, a laser output port four and a laser output port five;
and a fifth laser input port of the beam splitting and combining device is connected with a fifth laser output port of the laser module, and the lasers output by the laser module are split according to the energy proportion and are respectively output from a fourth laser output port and a fifth laser output port.
7. The laser system of claim 6, wherein the laser module comprises a first laser module and a second laser module, and the optical switch module comprises: the optical switch module I and the optical switch module II are arranged in parallel;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the first laser module are connected with the frequency locking module, and the frequency of the first laser module is locked at a specified frequency near the atomic cooling laser;
after laser output by the first laser module is split by the beam splitting and combining device, one laser enters the first optical switch module and is used as output atomic cooling light, and the other laser enters the beat frequency module;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the laser module II are connected with the beat frequency module, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module II is realized, and the frequency of the laser module II is locked on the frequency of the atomic pumping light;
and laser output by the second laser module is used as output atomic back pump light after passing through the second optical switch module.
8. The laser system of claim 6, wherein the laser modules comprise a first laser module, a second laser module, and a third laser module, and the optical switch module comprises: the beat frequency module comprises a beat frequency module I and a beat frequency module II;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the first laser module are connected with the frequency locking module, and the frequency of the first laser module is locked at a specified frequency near the atomic cooling laser;
laser output by the first laser module is split by the beam splitting and combining device and then enters the first beat frequency module and the second beat frequency module respectively;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the laser module II are connected with the beat frequency module I, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module II is realized;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the laser module III are connected with the beat frequency module II, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module III is realized;
laser output by the laser module II passes through the optical switch module I and then is used for outputting cooling light, Raman light A and detection light; laser output by the laser module III passes through the optical switch module II and then is used as output back pump light and Raman light B; and the first beat frequency module and the second beat frequency module realize switching among various laser frequencies based on the control signal.
9. The laser system of claim 8, wherein the output ends of the first optical switch module and the second optical switch module are further connected to a beam splitter and combiner respectively, and the two laser outputs are respectively divided into two paths for two cold atom gravimeters.
10. The laser system of claim 6, wherein the laser modules comprise a first laser module, a second laser module, a third laser module, and a fourth laser module, and the optical switch module comprises: the system comprises a first optical switch module, a second optical switch module and a third optical switch module, wherein the beat frequency module comprises a first beat frequency module, a second beat frequency module and a third beat frequency module; the beam splitting and combining device comprises a first beam splitting and combining device and a second beam splitting and combining device;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the first laser module are connected with the frequency locking module, and the frequency of the first laser module is locked at a specified frequency near the atomic cooling laser;
the laser output by the laser module I respectively enters the beat frequency module I and the beam splitter-combiner II after being split by the beam splitter-combiner, and enters the beat frequency module II and the beat frequency module III after being split by the beam splitter-combiner;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the laser module II are connected with the beat frequency module I, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module II is realized;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the laser module III are connected with the beat frequency module II, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module III is realized;
the laser wavelength modulation input port and the laser output port of the laser module IV are connected with the beat frequency module III, so that the output frequency difference locking of the laser module I and the laser module IV is realized;
laser output by the laser module II passes through the optical switch module I and then is used as output cooling light, projection light A, Raman light A and detection light; laser output by the laser module III passes through the optical switch module II and then is used for outputting cooling light and polishing light B; laser light output by the laser module IV passes through the optical switch module III and then is used as output back pump light and Raman light B; the first beat frequency module, the second beat frequency module and the third beat frequency module realize switching among various laser frequencies based on control signals.
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| CN204858271U (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-12-09 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所 | Laser system suitable for can carry atom interferometer |
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| CN108225578A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of twin-laser system suitable for cold atom interference accurate measurement |
| CN113471807A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-10-01 | 华中光电技术研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所） | Raman optical pulse power stabilizing system for cold atom interferometer |
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| CN204858271U (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-12-09 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所 | Laser system suitable for can carry atom interferometer |
| CN205811268U (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-12-14 | 湖北久之洋红外系统股份有限公司 | All-fiber adjusts Q optical fiber seed source laser |
| CN108225578A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of twin-laser system suitable for cold atom interference accurate measurement |
| CN113471807A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-10-01 | 华中光电技术研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所） | Raman optical pulse power stabilizing system for cold atom interferometer |
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