CN114388742A - Lithium supplementing method, negative plate and secondary battery - Google Patents
Lithium supplementing method, negative plate and secondary battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN114388742A CN114388742A CN202111604151.4A CN202111604151A CN114388742A CN 114388742 A CN114388742 A CN 114388742A CN 202111604151 A CN202111604151 A CN 202111604151A CN 114388742 A CN114388742 A CN 114388742A
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- lithium
- sheet
- vacuum degree
- metal
- carbonate
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 lithium tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZPFAVCIQZKRBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OCCO1 ZPFAVCIQZKRBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound O=S1OCCO1 WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SJHAYVFVKRXMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound CC1COS(=O)O1 SJHAYVFVKRXMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XQHAGELNRSUUGU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O XQHAGELNRSUUGU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- XKLXIRVJABJBLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-(trifluoromethyl)-1h-imidazole-4,5-dicarbonitrile Chemical compound [Li].FC(F)(F)C1=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N1 XKLXIRVJABJBLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCCO1 MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKVJWADVFPXWQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoroborinic acid Chemical compound OB(F)F OKVJWADVFPXWQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 102000004310 Ion Channels Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHRWWRDRBPCWTF-OLQVQODUSA-N captafol Chemical compound C1C=CC[C@H]2C(=O)N(SC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)Cl)C(=O)[C@H]21 JHRWWRDRBPCWTF-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011366 tin-based material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWJYDTCSUDMGSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sn].[C] Chemical compound [Sn].[C] QWJYDTCSUDMGSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDKWOJYFHXPPPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dioxido(dioxo)manganese nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ni+2].[Li+] BDKWOJYFHXPPPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DVATZODUVBMYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium;iron(2+);manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Mn+2].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O DVATZODUVBMYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of secondary batteries, and particularly relates to a lithium supplementing method and a secondary battery, which comprise the following steps: step S1, coating active substances on the surface of the negative current collector, and drying to obtain a pretreatment sheet; s2, selecting a metal lithium sheet, laminating the metal lithium sheet and the pretreatment sheet, placing the metal lithium sheet and the pretreatment sheet into a sealed box, heating the sealed box, and adjusting a first vacuum degree; step S3, introducing solvent vapor into the sealed box, adjusting the second vacuum degree, and standing at constant pressure; and step S4, adjusting the third vacuum degree, and standing at constant pressure to obtain the lithium-supplement negative plate. The lithium supplementing method can conveniently and rapidly supplement lithium for the negative electrode in large batch, active substances are not affected after the lithium is supplemented, the lithium is supplemented uniformly and rapidly, the active substances are not easy to fall off, and the obtained lithium supplementing electrode sheet can be directly used for the next procedure, so that the time cost is greatly saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of secondary batteries, and particularly relates to a lithium supplementing method, a negative plate and a secondary battery.
Background
Electronic products, such as mobile phones, bluetooth headsets, electronic watches, etc., bring great convenience to people, and therefore, the demand for high energy density batteries is also increasing. At present, graphite is mostly adopted by lithium batteries as a negative electrode, the capacity of commercial graphite reaches 360mAh/g and is already close to the theoretical limit capacity, but the energy density of the battery only stays at the level of 320 wh/kg. In order to obtain higher energy density batteries, researchers developed metallic lithium as the negative electrode, which can have energy densities as high as 450Wh/kg based on metallic lithium capacities as high as 3860 mah/g. However, lithium metal is an active alkali metal, is easy to burn to cause danger, and has extremely high processing and storage requirements, so that the large-scale application of the lithium metal is limited. Another material, silicon, also has a capacity as high as 4200mAh/g, and is a hot spot for research. However, the first efficiency of silicon is low and the volume expansion after lithium insertion is as high as 300%, which leads to poor cycle performance. In order to solve the problem, researchers dope silicon in graphite and use the graphite, and add a lithium supplement material to improve the first effect, so that a lithium battery with high energy density can be obtained.
The methods for lithium supplement are various, and patents CN202011076665.2, CN202110410821.2, CN201621435710.8 and the like provide rolling equipment for pole piece rolling, which belongs to a physical lithium supplement method, and the physical environment requirements for rolling and lithium supplement are extremely high, otherwise, danger is easily caused. The patent CN201911357946.2 puts the metal lithium in the battery and isolates with the barrier film, and the lithium is supplemented through the small current formation, and this method needs to preset the metal lithium, and needs to isolate, and the operation is complicated and not suitable for batch application. CN201811010154.3 sets up a layer of lithium metal on the negative pole diaphragm surface and assembles into the electric core with the positive plate, then puts the electric core in organic solvent and soaks, later the packing annotates the liquid preparation electric core, and this method can solve above-mentioned problem, but the electric core takes place the active material to strip after soaking in the solvent easily, the drying after soaking packs again and annotates the liquid, the operation process is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objects of the present invention is: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the lithium supplement method is provided, the preparation is convenient and rapid, the lithium supplement method is not easy to fall off after lithium supplement, the working procedures such as lamination or winding can be directly carried out, and the time cost is saved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a lithium supplementing method comprises the following steps:
step S1, coating a negative active material on the surface of a negative current collector, and drying to obtain a pretreatment sheet;
s2, selecting a metal lithium sheet, laminating the metal lithium sheet and the pretreatment sheet, placing the metal lithium sheet and the pretreatment sheet into a sealed box, heating the sealed box, and adjusting a first vacuum degree;
step S3, introducing solvent vapor into the sealed box, adjusting the second vacuum degree, and standing at constant pressure;
and step S4, adjusting the third vacuum degree, and standing at constant pressure to obtain the lithium-supplement negative plate.
According to the invention, the metal lithium sheet and the pretreatment sheet are arranged in a laminated manner, the metal lithium sheet and the pretreatment sheet are vacuumized and added with a vapor-state solvent, and a gaseous solution enters between the metal lithium sheet and the pretreatment sheet under the action of a gap pressure difference and capillary force and infiltrates the pretreatment sheet to form an ion channel between the metal lithium sheet and the pretreatment sheet, so that the metal lithium sheet supplements lithium to the pretreatment sheet. The method does not need a large amount of solvent for soaking, saves raw materials, saves the drying step after soaking, can carry out the next working procedure of preparing the secondary battery after vacuum lithium supplement, and greatly improves the production efficiency.
The lithium supplementing method is simple and easy to operate, can be used for batch production, is suitable for various processes such as winding, lamination and the like, is suitable for batteries such as soft packs, square aluminum shells, cylinders and the like, is suitable for positive and negative electrodes and electrolyte, and is also suitable for batteries of other systems such as sodium ion batteries and the like.
The lithium supplementing method further comprises the steps of detecting the prepared lithium supplementing negative pole piece, observing the amount of metal lithium on the surface of the pole piece, judging whether the amount of the metal lithium is gradually reduced or not, and repeating the step S3 and the step S4 if the amount of the metal lithium is more, until the metal lithium gradually disappears. The number of times of repeating the steps S3 and S4 may be 1, 2, 3, 4,5, etc.
Preferably, in the step S2, when the lithium metal sheets and the pretreatment sheet are stacked, a pressure is applied between the lithium metal sheets and the pretreatment sheet, and the pressure is 0.01MPa to 5.0 MPa. Pressure is arranged between the lithium metal sheet and the pretreatment sheet, so that the lithium metal sheet is fully contacted with the pretreatment sheet, and an ion channel is formed between the lithium metal sheet and the pretreatment sheet by subsequent solvent vapor. The pressure is preferably 0.2-0.5 MPa.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step S2 is 45 to 280 ℃. And setting a certain temperature to keep the solvent in a gas state, and increasing the speed of the solvent vapor entering between the pretreatment sheet and the lithium metal sheet. Preferably, the heating temperature is 80 ℃ to 150 ℃.
Preferably, the vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping in the step S2 is 10Pa to 50KPa, the vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping in the step S3 is 10Pa to 50KPa, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping in the step S4 is 80KPa to 101.325 KPa. And the vacuum degree of the seal box is adjusted for three times in the three steps, so that the gas solvent can be used for rapidly carrying out the vacuum degree adjustment between the pole piece substrate and the metal lithium piece.
Preferably, the standing time in the step S3 is 5-6000min, and the standing time in the step S4 is 5-6000 min. Standing for a period of time under a certain vacuum degree to enable the gas solvent to enter the metal lithium sheet and the interior of the pretreatment sheet.
Preferably, in the step S2, one or two of the lithium metal sheets are provided, and when the two lithium metal sheets are provided, the lithium metal sheet, the pretreatment sheet and the lithium metal sheet are sequentially stacked. Preferably, the metal lithium sheet, the pretreatment sheet, the metal lithium sheet and the separation layer are sequentially stacked. The isolation layer is a high polymer plastic sheet such as PET, PE, PP, PI and the like, the thickness of the sheet is 0.002-5.0 mm, the area of the sheet is not less than the area of the metal lithium sheet, and the sheet can completely cover the metal lithium sheet.
Preferably, the solvent in step S3 includes lithium salt and one or more of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, propane sultone, butane sultone, propenyl-1, 3-sultone, ethylene sulfite, propylene sulfite, ethylene sulfate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, propyl methyl carbonate, methyl formate, ethyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, propyl butyrate, butylene carbonate, γ -butyrolactone, and tetrahydrofuran. The solvent contains organic lithium salt, so that the electronic conductivity of the metal lithium and the pole piece can be increased, and the lithium supplementing speed is improved; of course, lithium salt-free solvents can also be used, since metallic lithium is in direct contact with the pole piece, with both electron and ion channels present.
Preferably, the lithium salt is one or a mixture of more of lithium chlorate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium bis (oxalate) borate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium oxalyldifluoroborate, lithium bis (trifluoromethyl) sulfonimide, lithium bis (fluoro) sulfonimide, lithium difluorophosphate and lithium 4, 5-dicyano-2-trifluoromethyl imidazole.
Specifically, the lithium salt may be one or a mixture of lithium perchlorate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorobis (oxalato) phosphate, lithium tetrafluoro (oxalato) phosphate, lithium oxalato phosphate, lithium bis (oxalato) borate, lithium difluorooxalato borate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide and lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide.
The second purpose of the invention is: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the negative plate is provided, and has the advantages of high energy density, simple structure and easy production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a negative plate is prepared by the lithium supplementing method. The negative plate after lithium supplement has higher energy density and better electrochemical performance.
The third purpose of the invention is that: in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, a secondary battery having a high energy density is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a secondary battery comprises the negative plate. Specifically, a secondary battery comprises a positive plate, a diaphragm, electrolyte, a shell and the negative plate. The diaphragm separates positive plate and foretell negative pole piece, and the metal lithium piece in the negative pole piece sets up in the one side that is close to the diaphragm, and the casing is installed electrolyte, positive plate, diaphragm and negative pole piece. The secondary battery may be a sodium ion battery, a lithium ion battery, or the like. And is also suitable for batteries with soft packs, square aluminum shells, cylinders and the like.
The positive plate comprises a positive current collector and a positive active material arranged on at least one surface of the positive current collector, wherein the positive active material comprises one or a mixture of lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium nickelate, lithium nickel manganate, lithium iron phosphate, lithium iron manganese phosphate and the like.
The negative plate comprises a negative current collector and a negative active substance arranged on at least one surface of the negative current collector, wherein the negative active substance comprises a carbon-based negative material; more preferably, the carbon-based negative electrode material may be selected from one or more of natural graphite, artificial graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, mesocarbon microbeads, nano carbon and carbon fibers. Besides the carbon-based negative electrode material, the negative electrode active material can also comprise one or more of a silicon-based material, a tin-based material and lithium titanate. Preferably, the silicon-based material is selected from one or more of simple substance silicon, silicon-oxygen compound, silicon-carbon compound and silicon alloy, and the tin-based material is selected from one or more of simple substance tin, tin-oxygen compound, tin-carbon compound and tin alloy. Preferably, the negative electrode active material is a mixture of natural graphite and silicon oxide in a mass ratio of 5: 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the lithium supplementing method can conveniently and rapidly supplement lithium for the negative electrode in large batch, active substances are not affected after the lithium is supplemented, the lithium is supplemented uniformly and rapidly, the active substances are not easy to fall off, and the obtained lithium supplementing electrode sheet can be directly used for the next procedure, so that the time cost is greatly saved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
A lithium supplementing method comprises the following steps:
step S1, coating active substances on the surface of the negative current collector, and drying to obtain a pretreatment sheet;
s2, selecting a metal lithium sheet, laminating the metal lithium sheet and the pretreatment sheet, placing the metal lithium sheet and the pretreatment sheet into a sealed box, heating the sealed box, and adjusting a first vacuum degree;
step S3, introducing solvent vapor into the sealed box, adjusting the second vacuum degree, and standing at constant pressure;
and step S4, adjusting the third vacuum degree, and standing at constant pressure to obtain the lithium-supplement negative plate.
Wherein the production time of the steps is 30 h.
Wherein, in step S2, the lithium metal sheet and the pretreatment sheet are laminated and a pressure is set, and the pressure is 2.5 MPa.
The heating temperature in step S2 was 90 ℃.
Wherein the first vacuum degree is 250Pa in step S2, the second vacuum degree is 200Pa in step S3, and the third vacuum degree is 101.325KPa in step S4.
Wherein the standing time in the step S3 is 60min, and the standing time in the step S4 is 100 min.
In step S2, there are two lithium metal sheets, and the lithium metal sheet, the pretreatment sheet, and the lithium metal sheet are sequentially stacked.
Wherein, the solvent is lithium hexafluorophosphate and ethylene carbonate; the negative current collector is copper foil.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: the metal lithium sheet is provided with a slice, and metal lithium sheet and preliminary treatment piece are range upon range of setting in proper order.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: the first vacuum degree in the step S2 is 80Pa, the second vacuum degree in the step S3 is 120Pa, and the third vacuum degree in the step S4 is 80 KPa.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that: the first vacuum degree in the step S2 is 90Pa, the second vacuum degree in the step S3 is 160Pa, and the third vacuum degree in the step S4 is 85 KPa.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that: the first vacuum degree in the step S2 is 60Pa, the second vacuum degree in the step S3 is 250Pa, and the third vacuum degree in the step S4 is 90 KPa.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that: the first vacuum degree in the step S2 is 80Pa, the second vacuum degree in the step S3 is 260Pa, and the third vacuum degree in the step S4 is 100 KPa.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 7
The difference from example 1 is that: no pressure is set between the lithium metal sheet and the pretreatment sheet in the step S2, and the heating temperature is 160 ℃ in the step S2.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 8
The difference from example 1 is that: the pressure between the lithium metal sheet and the pretreatment sheet in the step S2 is 0.5MPa, and the heating temperature in the step S2 is 160 ℃.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 9
The difference from example 1 is that: the pressure between the lithium metal sheet and the pretreatment sheet in the step S2 is 2.5MPa, and the heating temperature in the step S2 is 220 ℃.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 10
The difference from example 1 is that: the pressure between the lithium metal sheet and the pretreatment sheet in the step S2 is 4.5MPa, and the heating temperature in the step S2 is 250 ℃.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Comparative example 1
Coating a negative electrode active substance on the surface of a negative electrode current collector, drying to obtain a pretreatment sheet, soaking the pretreatment sheet and a metal lithium sheet in electrolyte, and standing to obtain the lithium-supplementing negative electrode sheet.
And (3) performance testing: the time used for the preparation of the above examples 1 to 10 and comparative example 1 was counted, and the prepared lithium ion battery was subjected to charge and discharge tests for 300 times, and the capacity retention rate was recorded, and the test results are recorded in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, the lithium supplement electrode sheet prepared by the lithium supplement method of the present invention has a better capacity retention rate than the lithium supplement electrode sheet prepared by comparative example 1, and the production time is shorter, thereby greatly saving the production efficiency. From comparison between example 1 and example 2, it is found that when two lithium metal sheets are provided, the lithium supplementing effect is better and the capacity retention rate is higher. As shown by comparison of examples 1 and 3-5, when the degree of vacuum of the vacuum pumping in the step S2 is set to 250Pa, the degree of vacuum of the vacuum pumping in the step S3 is set to 200Pa, and the degree of vacuum of the vacuum pumping in the step S4 is set to 101.325KPa, the lithium supplement effect is improved by placing the lithium metal sheet and the pretreatment sheet in different vacuum environments for standing. As can be seen from comparison of examples 1, 7 to 10, the secondary battery prepared had better capacity retention when a pressure of 2.5MPa was set between the metallic lithium sheet and the pre-treatment sheet and a heating temperature was set to 90 ℃.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may also occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope of the invention as disclosed and taught herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any obvious improvement, replacement or modification made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (10)
1. A lithium supplementing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, coating active substances on the surface of the negative current collector, and drying to obtain a pretreatment sheet;
s2, selecting a metal lithium sheet, laminating the metal lithium sheet and the pretreatment sheet, placing the metal lithium sheet and the pretreatment sheet into a sealed box, heating the sealed box, and adjusting a first vacuum degree;
step S3, introducing solvent vapor into the sealed box, adjusting the second vacuum degree, and standing at constant pressure;
and step S4, adjusting the third vacuum degree, and standing at constant pressure to obtain the lithium-supplement negative plate.
2. The lithium supplementing method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 is performed by applying a pressure between the lithium metal sheet and the pretreatment sheet in a range of 0.01MPa to 5.0MPa when the sheets are stacked.
3. The lithium supplementing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating temperature in the step S2 is 45 ℃ to 280 ℃.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first vacuum degree is 10Pa-50KPa in step S2, the second vacuum degree is 10Pa-50KPa in step S3, and the third vacuum degree is 80KPa-101.325KPa in step S4.
5. The lithium supplementing method according to claim 1, wherein the standing time in the step S3 is 5-6000min, and the standing time in the step S4 is 5-6000 min.
6. The lithium supplementing method according to claim 1, wherein one or two lithium metal sheets are provided in the step S2.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the solvent in step S3 includes lithium salt and one or more of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, propane sultone, butane sultone, propenyl-1, 3-sultone, ethylene sulfite, propylene sulfite, ethylene sulfate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, methyl formate, ethyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, propyl butyrate, butylene carbonate, γ -butyrolactone, and tetrahydrofuran.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the lithium salt is one or more of lithium chlorate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium bis (oxalato) borate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium oxalato difluoroborate, lithium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide, lithium difluorophosphate, and lithium 4, 5-dicyano-2-trifluoromethylimidazole.
9. A negative electrode sheet, characterized by being produced by the lithium replenishment method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A secondary battery comprising the negative electrode sheet according to claim 9.
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