CN114388159A - Phase splitting method and device, and extraction and separation method and system for spent fuel post-treatment plant - Google Patents

Phase splitting method and device, and extraction and separation method and system for spent fuel post-treatment plant Download PDF

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CN114388159A
CN114388159A CN202111591313.5A CN202111591313A CN114388159A CN 114388159 A CN114388159 A CN 114388159A CN 202111591313 A CN202111591313 A CN 202111591313A CN 114388159 A CN114388159 A CN 114388159A
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phase
extraction
separation
decanter
outlet
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逯迎春
侯媛媛
陈勇
李思凡
蔡梦琦
曹鑫
宋晓鹏
吴志强
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
    • G21C19/42—Reprocessing of irradiated fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B60/00—Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals
    • C22B60/02—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
    • C22B60/0204—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium
    • C22B60/0217—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes
    • C22B60/0252—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes treatment or purification of solutions or of liquors or of slurries
    • C22B60/026—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes treatment or purification of solutions or of liquors or of slurries liquid-liquid extraction with or without dissolution in organic solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B60/00—Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals
    • C22B60/02—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
    • C22B60/04—Obtaining plutonium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/006—Wet processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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Abstract

The invention discloses a phase separation method and a device, wherein the phase separation method comprises the steps of extracting a mixed phase of an organic phase and a water phase obtained after extraction in an extraction separation process of a spent fuel post-treatment plant, carrying out decantation operation on the mixed phase, and separating to obtain the organic phase and the water phase; the phase separation device comprises a decanting unit and a conveying mechanism, wherein the decanting unit is connected with extraction separation equipment in a spent fuel post-treatment plant through the conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism is used for pumping a mixed phase of an organic phase and an aqueous phase in the extraction separation equipment into the decanting unit, and the decanting unit is used for performing decantation operation on the mixed phase and separating the mixed phase to obtain the organic phase and the aqueous phase. The invention also discloses an extraction separation method and system for the spent fuel post-treatment plant. The invention can avoid generating interface dirt at the phase separation interface in the extraction separation equipment, and ensure the operation stability and safety of the extraction separation equipment.

Description

Phase splitting method and device, and extraction and separation method and system for spent fuel post-treatment plant
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear, and particularly relates to a phase splitting method and a phase splitting device, an extraction and separation method of a spent fuel post-treatment plant comprising the phase splitting method, and an extraction and separation system of the spent fuel post-treatment plant comprising the phase splitting device.
Background
The extraction and separation technology is mostly adopted in the main process flow of the Purex, and an extraction column is key equipment for extraction and separation. The traditional extraction column is generally a pulse extraction column (as shown in figure 2), which consists of an upper expansion section, a lower expansion section and a plate section, and the organic phase and the aqueous phase are separated in the expansion section. Because the radioactive concentration of the feed liquid is high, degradation products of an organic phase, fission products of the feed liquid and other impurities are easy to generate interface dirt at a phase-splitting interface in the process of two-phase contact mass transfer. In the long-term operation process, interface filth can constantly form, accumulate, still can get into the board section, makes the pulse extraction post can not continue the steady operation to the purifying power in operation later stage sharply descends, at this moment, need the parking to overhaul, and the parking is overhauld and need consume a large amount of manpowers and reagents, and still probably can not reach the maintenance requirement standard, thereby influence the operating stability. More seriously, the fissionable nuclide is easy to be enriched at the interface dirt, so that the critical risk exists and the operation safety is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a phase splitting method and device, an extraction and separation method of a spent fuel reprocessing plant including the phase splitting method, and an extraction and separation system of a spent fuel reprocessing plant including the phase splitting device, which can avoid interface dirt from being generated at a phase splitting interface in an extraction and separation device, and ensure the operation stability and safety of the extraction and separation device.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a phase separation method comprising: and extracting a mixed phase of an organic phase and a water phase obtained after extraction in the extraction separation process of the spent fuel post-treatment plant, performing decantation operation on the mixed phase, and separating to obtain the organic phase and the water phase.
Preferably, said decanting operation comprises in particular: introducing the mixed phase into a decanter, clarifying and separating the mixed phase in the decanter, obtaining an organic phase at the upper part of the decanter, obtaining an aqueous phase at the lower part of the decanter, arranging a first outlet at the upper part of the decanter, arranging a second outlet at the bottom of the decanter, connecting a conveying pipeline with an inverted U-shaped pipe section to the second outlet, and controlling the highest position of the inverted U-shaped pipe section to be positioned between the first outlet and a two-phase interface of the organic phase and the aqueous phase; controlling the height of the highest part of the inverted U-shaped pipe section, overflowing and discharging the organic phase from the first outlet, and discharging the water phase from the conveying pipeline.
Preferably, the extraction of the mixed phase of the organic phase and the water phase obtained after extraction in the extraction separation process of the spent fuel post-treatment plant is performed by adopting a compressed air lifting mode;
the method further comprises the following steps: before the decanting operation, the mixed phase extracted by the compressed air lift is subjected to a gas-liquid separation treatment to remove the compressed air mixed during the compressed air lift.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a phase separation device, comprising a decantation unit and a conveying mechanism, wherein the decantation unit is connected to an extraction separation device in a spent fuel reprocessing plant through the conveying mechanism, wherein the conveying mechanism is configured to extract a mixed phase of an organic phase and an aqueous phase in the extraction separation device into the decantation unit, and the decantation unit is configured to perform a decantation operation on the mixed phase to separate the organic phase and the aqueous phase.
Preferably, the decant unit comprises a decanter, a conveying pipeline and a steam ejector, the decanter is provided with an inlet at the top, a first outlet at the upper part and a second outlet at the bottom, the inlet is communicated with the outlet of the conveying mechanism and is used for receiving the mixed phase extracted by the conveying mechanism, the second outlet is communicated with the conveying pipeline, an inverted U-shaped pipe section is arranged on the conveying pipeline, the highest part of the U-shaped pipe section is positioned between the first outlet and the second outlet, so that the mixed phase is clarified and separated into an organic phase and an aqueous phase in the decanter, the aqueous phase is discharged from the conveying pipeline through the second outlet, and the organic phase overflows and is discharged through the first outlet; the suction inlet of the steam jet pump is arranged near the two-phase interface in the decanter and is used for discharging interface dirt generated at the two-phase interface.
Preferably, the height between the highest point of the U-shaped pipe section and the first outlet is:
h2＝h1(ρwater (W)-ρIs provided with)/ρWater (W)
Wherein h is1Is the height, rho, of the two-phase interface between the organic phase and the aqueous phase in the decanter from the first outletWater (W)Density of the aqueous phase, pIs provided withIs the density of the organic phase.
Preferably, the conveying mechanism is an air lift, and the device further comprises a gas-liquid separation tank, wherein the gas-liquid separation tank is respectively connected with the air lift and the decanter and is used for performing gas-liquid separation on the mixed phase extracted by the air lift and conveying the mixed phase subjected to gas-liquid separation to the decanter for decantation.
Preferably, the gas-liquid separation tank and the decanter are both located at a height greater than the height of the extraction separation device, and the gas-liquid separation tank is located above the decanter.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spent fuel reprocessing plant extraction separation method, comprising: introducing a feed liquid from the upper end of the extraction separation equipment, introducing an extracting agent from the lower end of the extraction separation equipment, so that the feed liquid and the extracting agent are in reverse contact and mass transfer in the extraction separation equipment, an extracted organic phase is obtained at the upper part of the extraction separation equipment, and a mixed phase of the extracted organic phase and an extracted water phase is obtained at the lower part of the extraction separation equipment; the mixed phase is treated by the phase separation method, and an organic phase and a water phase are obtained by separation.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, an extraction and separation system of a spent fuel post-processing plant is provided, which comprises an extraction and separation device and the phase separation device, wherein the decanter in the phase separation device is connected with the extraction and separation device through a conveying mechanism.
Has the advantages that:
the phase splitting method and the phase splitting device are used for an extraction separation process of a spent fuel post-treatment plant, and the mixed phase of an organic phase and a water phase in extraction separation equipment is pumped out and subjected to decantation operation, so that the trend of interface dirt in the extraction separation equipment is controlled, the dirt is discharged in time or at regular time, the reduction of the purification capacity caused by dirt accumulation is prevented, and the operation stability and the safety of the extraction separation equipment are ensured. Moreover, the device can realize automatic phase splitting by arranging the inverted U-shaped pipe section, can realize maintenance-free by arranging the air liquid lifter, and can be convenient for workers to overhaul by arranging the decanter at a high position.
The extraction separation method and the extraction separation system for the spent fuel post-treatment plant can extract the mixed phase of the organic phase and the water phase in the extraction separation equipment and perform decantation operation due to the phase separation method, thereby controlling the trend of interface dirt in the extraction separation equipment, discharging the dirt in time or at regular time, preventing the reduction of purification capacity caused by dirt accumulation and ensuring the operation stability and safety of the extraction separation equipment. The system can realize automatic phase splitting, can realize maintenance-free, can be convenient for workers to overhaul, saves a lower expansion section compared with the traditional pulse extraction column, and can simplify the structure of the pulse extraction column (extraction separation equipment).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an extraction separation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional pulsed extraction column.
In the figure: 1-a gas-liquid separation tank; 2-a decanter; 3-a transfer line; 4-air lift; 5-mixed phase outlet; 6-extractant inlet; 7-upper expansion section; 8-organic phase outlet; 9-feed liquid inlet; 10-extraction column plate section; 11-a first outlet; 12-a second outlet; 13-lower expansion section.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the indication of orientation or positional relationship, such as "on" or the like, is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience and simplicity of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must be provided with a specific orientation, constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "disposed," "mounted," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly or removably connected, or integrally connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or through the interconnection of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases for those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a phase separation method, which comprises the following steps:
and extracting a mixed phase of an organic phase and a water phase obtained after extraction in the extraction separation process of the spent fuel post-treatment plant, performing decantation operation on the mixed phase, and separating to obtain the organic phase and the water phase.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the decanting operation specifically comprises: introducing the mixed phase into a decanter 2, wherein the density of the organic phase is low, the density of the aqueous phase is high, and the organic phase and the aqueous phase are not mutually soluble, finally clarifying and phase separating the mixed phase in the decanter 2, obtaining the organic phase at the upper part of the decanter 2, obtaining the aqueous phase at the lower part of the decanter 2, arranging a first outlet 11 at the upper part of the decanter 2, arranging a second outlet 12 at the bottom of the decanter 2, connecting a conveying pipeline 3 with an inverted U-shaped pipe section to the second outlet 12, and controlling the highest position of the inverted U-shaped pipe section to be positioned between the first outlet 11 and a two-phase interface of the organic phase and the aqueous phase, wherein the two-phase interface is preferably positioned at the upper half part of the decanter; the height of the uppermost portion of the inverted U-shaped pipe section is controlled to discharge the organic phase by overflowing from the first outlet 11 and the aqueous phase from the transfer line 3 through the second outlet 12.
In some embodiments, the mixed phase of the organic phase and the aqueous phase obtained after extraction in the extraction separation process of the spent fuel reprocessing plant may be extracted by a compressed air lift method, that is, the mixed phase is extracted by the air lift 4, specifically, by introducing compressed air into a lift pipe (also called a gas-liquid mixer) filled with liquid (mixed phase) in the air lift from the side along an air pipe in the air lift 4, and mixing the compressed air with the liquid by the action of the gas-liquid mixer to form foam, the foam liquid mixed with the compressed air rises along the lift pipe due to the reduction of the relative density, and is finally discharged from an upper end outlet of the lift pipe. The air lift 4 is a maintenance-free liquid conveying device, and maintenance can be avoided.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises:
before the decantation operation, the two-phase mixture phase extracted by the compressed air lift is subjected to a gas-liquid separation process to separate the gas (compressed air) mixed during the compressed air lift.
The phase separation method is used for the extraction and separation process of the spent fuel post-treatment plant, and the mixed phase of the organic phase and the water phase in the extraction and separation equipment is pumped out and subjected to decantation operation, so that the trend of interface dirt in the extraction and separation equipment is controlled, the dirt is discharged timely or regularly, the reduction of the purification capacity caused by dirt accumulation is prevented, and the operation stability and the safety of the extraction and separation equipment are ensured.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a phase separation device, which comprises a decanting unit and a conveying mechanism, wherein the decanting unit is connected with extraction separation equipment in a spent fuel reprocessing plant through the conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism is used for pumping a mixed phase of an organic phase and an aqueous phase obtained in an extraction process in the extraction separation equipment into the decanting unit, and the decanting unit is used for performing a decanting operation on the mixed phase and separating the mixed phase to obtain the organic phase and the aqueous phase.
In some embodiments, as shown in figure 1, the decant unit includes a decanter 2, a transfer line 3, and a steam jet pump (not shown). The top of the decanter 2 is provided with an inlet, the upper part is provided with a first outlet 11, the bottom is provided with a second outlet 12, wherein the inlet of the decanter 2 is communicated with the outlet of the conveying mechanism and is used for receiving the mixed phase extracted by the conveying mechanism, the second outlet 12 of the decanter 2 is communicated with one end of the conveying pipeline 3, the other end of the conveying pipeline 3 is connected with the aqueous phase storage tank, an inverted U-shaped pipe section is arranged on the conveying pipeline 3, the highest part of the inverted U-shaped pipe section is positioned between the first outlet 11 and the second outlet 12, so that the mixed phase is clarified and separated into an organic phase and an aqueous phase in the decanter 2, the height of the highest part of the U-shaped pipe section is controlled to be positioned between the first outlet 11 and a two-phase interface of the organic phase and the aqueous phase, wherein the two-phase interface is preferably positioned at the upper half part of the decanter, so that the aqueous phase is discharged from the conveying pipeline 3 to the aqueous phase storage tank through the second outlet 12, the organic phase is discharged via the first outlet 11 in overflow. The suction inlet of the steam jet pump is provided in the vicinity of the two-phase interface in the decanter for discharging the interfacial sludge generated at the two-phase interface.
In this embodiment, the decanter 2 is preferably an elongated conical vessel for clarification and phase separation, and an organic phase transfer line is connected to the first outlet 11 and connected to the organic phase storage tank to transfer the organic phase separated in the decanter to the organic phase storage tank as an overflow.
In some embodiments, the height between the highest point of the U-shaped pipe section and the first outlet 11 is:
h2＝h1(ρwater (W)-ρIs provided with)/ρWater (W)
Wherein h is1Is the height, ρ, from the first outlet 11 to the two-phase interface between the organic phase and the aqueous phase in the decanter 2Water (W)Density of the aqueous phase, pIs provided withIs the density of the organic phase.
In the embodiment, the U-shaped pipe section is arranged and h is strictly controlled2Can be controlled so that the two-phase interface of the organic phase and the aqueous phase is within the decanter, so that the vapor jet pump expels the interfacial foulant.
In some embodiments, the delivery mechanism is an air lift 4, the mixed phase of the extractive separation apparatus is drawn through the air lift in a compressed air lift and delivered to the decanter, and the air lift 4 is a maintenance-free liquid delivery apparatus that avoids maintenance. The device also comprises a gas-liquid separation tank 1, wherein the gas-liquid separation tank 1 is respectively connected with the air liquid lifter 4 and the decanter 2 and is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the mixed phase extracted by the air liquid lifter so as to remove compressed air mixed when the mixed phase is conveyed by the air liquid lifter 4 and convey the mixed phase after the gas-liquid separation to the decanter for decantation operation.
Specifically, the gas-liquid separation tank 1 is preferably an elongated conical vessel provided at a position above the decanter. The upper part of the gas-liquid separation tank 1 is provided with an inlet which is connected with an outlet of an air lift. The inside of the gas-liquid separation tank is provided with a sieve plate (not shown in the figure), the sieve plate is positioned below the inlet of the gas-liquid separation tank 1, and after the mixed phase enters the gas-liquid separation tank 1, the liquid phase sinks through the sieve plate under the action of the self gravity, so that the gas (namely, the compressed air) is separated. The top of the gas-liquid separation tank 1 is provided with an air outlet for discharging the separated compressed air. The bottom of the gas-liquid separation tank 1 is provided with a liquid outlet for discharging the two-phase mixed phase after the air separation to the decanter, and the liquid outlet is provided with an inclined baffle (not shown in the figure) for preventing the disturbance of the mixed phase after the compressed air separation to the liquid in the decanter.
In this embodiment, the height of the gas-liquid separation tank 1 and the height of the decanter 2 are both greater than the height of the extraction separation equipment, and the gas-liquid separation tank 1 is located above the decanter 4, so that the mixed phase after gas-liquid separation can automatically flow into the decanter 2 through gravity, without energy consumption, and the maintenance operation can be conveniently performed by the staff.
The phase splitting device of this embodiment for the extraction separation technology of spent fuel aftertreatment factory can take out the mixed phase of organic phase and aqueous phase among the extraction separation equipment and carry out the decantation operation to two-phase interface filth trend among the control extraction separation equipment, in time or regularly discharge the filth, prevent to lead to the purifying power to descend because of the filth accumulation, ensure extraction separation equipment's operating stability and security. Moreover, automatic phase splitting can be realized by arranging the inverted U-shaped pipe section; the maintenance-free can be realized by arranging the air lift device; the decanter is arranged at a high position, so that the decanter can be conveniently overhauled by workers.
Example 3
The embodiment discloses an extraction and separation method for a spent fuel post-treatment plant, which comprises the following steps:
introducing a feed liquid (such as uranium-containing plutonium feed liquid in a spent fuel reprocessing plant) from the upper end of an extraction separation device, introducing an extracting agent (such as 30% TBP-kerosene) from the lower end of the extraction separation device, enabling the feed liquid and the extracting agent to reversely contact and transfer mass in the extraction separation device, obtaining an extracted organic phase at the upper part of the extraction separation device, and obtaining a mixed phase of the extracted organic phase and an aqueous phase at the lower part of the extraction separation device;
the mixed phase at the bottom of the plate section of the extraction column in the extraction separation equipment is treated by the phase separation method described in example 1, and finally, the organic phase and the water phase are obtained by clarification and separation in a decanter.
In the extraction and separation method of the spent fuel post-treatment plant of the embodiment, due to the phase separation method in the embodiment 1, the mixed phase at the bottom end of the extraction column plate section in the extraction and separation equipment can be extracted and decanted, so that the trend of the interface dirt in the extraction and separation equipment can be controlled, the dirt can be discharged timely or at regular time, the reduction of the purification capacity caused by the dirt accumulation is prevented, and the operation stability and the safety of the extraction and separation equipment are ensured.
Example 4
The embodiment discloses an extraction and separation system of a spent fuel post-processing plant, which comprises extraction and separation equipment and a phase separation device in the embodiment 2, wherein a decanter in the phase separation device is connected with the extraction and separation equipment through a conveying mechanism.
Specifically, the extraction separation apparatus is a pulse extraction column (e.g., a 1AX extraction column into which an extractant can be continuously introduced), but, unlike the structure of a conventional pulse extraction column, the extraction separation apparatus includes an upper expansion section 7 and an extraction column plate section 10 (the conventional pulse extraction column further includes a lower expansion section 13, as shown in fig. 2), and the upper expansion section 7 is connected to the extraction column plate section 10 and is located at the top of the extraction column plate section 10. The upper expanding section 7 is provided with a material liquid inlet 9 and an organic phase outlet 8, the material liquid inlet 9 is used for introducing material liquid, and the height of the organic phase outlet 8 is higher than that of the material liquid inlet and is used for discharging the organic phase obtained after extraction. An extractant inlet 6 and a mixed phase outlet 5 are arranged at the lower part of the extraction column plate section 10, wherein the extractant inlet 6 is used for introducing an extractant, a feed liquid introduced from a feed liquid inlet 9 and the extractant introduced from the extractant inlet 6 are in reverse contact in the extraction column plate section 10, are uniformly mixed and carry out mass transfer, so that extraction separation is realized, an organic phase and a water phase are obtained, the organic phase is positioned at the upper part of the pulse extraction column, and the water phase is positioned at the lower part of the pulse extraction column; the mixed phase outlet 5 is preferably located below the extractant inlet 6 for connecting a conveying mechanism to extract the mixed phase of the aqueous phase and the organic phase by the conveying mechanism, it should be noted that, ideally, the mixed phase extracted from the mixed phase outlet 5 is a two-phase mixture at two intersection points of the aqueous phase and the organic phase, but, in the actual operation process, because the mixed phase outlet 5 is arranged at the lower part of the extraction column plate section 10, the mixed phase outlet 5 also has the function of discharging the aqueous phase, and part of the extractant not participating in the extraction process is extracted together with the mixed phase, that is, the liquid phase extracted from the mixed phase outlet 5 comprises the two-phase mixture at the two intersection points of the organic phase and the aqueous phase, and part of the extractant not participating in the extraction process.
The operation of the extraction separation system of the spent fuel reprocessing plant of the present embodiment is described in detail below, specifically as follows:
introducing a feed liquid containing uranium plutonium from a feed liquid inlet 9, introducing an extracting agent from an extracting agent inlet 6, mixing the feed liquid and the extracting agent in reverse contact in an extraction column plate section 10, carrying out mass transfer, obtaining an organic phase containing uranium plutonium at the upper part of the extraction column plate section 10, discharging the organic phase through an organic phase outlet 8 on an upper expansion section 7, and obtaining a water phase at the lower part of the extraction column plate section 10;
simultaneously, starting an air lift 4, pumping out a water phase at the lower part of an extraction column plate section 10, a two-phase mixture at the interface of the water phase and an organic phase and a part of extractant which does not participate in the extraction process together, conveying the mixture into a gas-liquid separation tank 1 for gas-liquid separation, discharging the separated liquid into a decanter 2, clarifying and layering the organic phase and the water phase in the liquid in the decanter 2 under the action of gravity due to different densities of the organic phase and the water phase, overflowing the organic phase at the upper layer through a first outlet 11 and discharging to an organic phase storage tank, and discharging the water phase at the lower layer through a second outlet 12 to a water phase storage tank;
meanwhile, the interfacial contamination generated at the two-phase interface of the organic phase and the aqueous phase in the decanter 2 is observed or detected, and when the interfacial contamination in the decanter 2 is accumulated to a certain amount (which can be obtained by detecting the density change in the decanter 2), it is discharged using a steam jet pump.
The extraction and separation system of the spent fuel post-treatment plant of the embodiment can extract the mixed phase of the organic phase and the water phase in the extraction and separation equipment and perform decantation operation due to the phase separation device in the embodiment 2, so that the trend of interface dirt in the extraction and separation equipment can be controlled, the dirt can be discharged timely or at regular time, the reduction of the purification capacity caused by dirt accumulation is prevented, and the operation stability and the safety of the extraction and separation equipment are ensured. And compared with the traditional pulse extraction column, the lower expansion section is omitted, and the structure of the pulse extraction column (extraction and separation equipment) can be simplified.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A phase separation method, comprising:
and extracting a mixed phase of an organic phase and a water phase obtained after extraction in the extraction separation process of the spent fuel post-treatment plant, performing decantation operation on the mixed phase, and separating to obtain the organic phase and the water phase.
2. A phase separation method according to claim 1, characterized in that said decanting operation comprises in particular:
introducing the mixed phase into a decanter, clarifying and separating the mixed phase in the decanter, obtaining an organic phase at the upper part of the decanter, obtaining an aqueous phase at the lower part of the decanter, arranging a first outlet at the upper part of the decanter, arranging a second outlet at the bottom of the decanter, connecting a conveying pipeline with an inverted U-shaped pipe section to the second outlet, and controlling the highest position of the inverted U-shaped pipe section to be positioned between the first outlet and a two-phase interface of the organic phase and the aqueous phase;
controlling the height of the highest part of the inverted U-shaped pipe section, overflowing and discharging the organic phase from the first outlet, and discharging the water phase from the conveying pipeline.
3. The phase separation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mixed phase of the organic phase and the aqueous phase obtained after extraction in the extraction separation process of the spent fuel post-treatment plant is extracted by adopting a compressed air lifting mode;
the method further comprises the following steps: before the decanting operation, the mixed phase extracted by the compressed air lift is subjected to a gas-liquid separation treatment to remove the compressed air mixed during the compressed air lift.
4. A phase separation device is characterized by comprising a decantation unit and a conveying mechanism,
the decanting unit is connected with the extraction separation equipment in the spent fuel reprocessing plant through the conveying mechanism, wherein the conveying mechanism is used for pumping the mixed phase of the organic phase and the water phase in the extraction separation equipment into the decanting unit, and the decanting unit is used for performing a decanting operation on the mixed phase to separate the organic phase and the water phase.
5. The phase separation apparatus of claim 4, wherein the decant unit includes a decanter, a transfer line, and a steam injector,
the top of the decanter is provided with an inlet, the upper part of the decanter is provided with a first outlet, the bottom of the decanter is provided with a second outlet,
the inlet is communicated with the outlet of the conveying mechanism and is used for receiving the mixed phase extracted by the conveying mechanism,
the second outlet is communicated with the conveying pipeline, an inverted U-shaped pipe section is arranged on the conveying pipeline, the highest position of the U-shaped pipe section is positioned between the first outlet and the second outlet, so that the mixed phase is clarified and subjected to phase separation in a decanter to obtain an organic phase and a water phase, the water phase is discharged from the conveying pipeline through the second outlet, and the organic phase is discharged through the first outlet in an overflowing manner;
the suction inlet of the steam jet pump is arranged near the two-phase interface in the decanter and is used for discharging interface dirt generated at the two-phase interface.
6. The phase splitting device of claim 5, wherein the height between the highest point of the U-shaped pipe section and the first outlet is:
h2＝h1(ρwater (W)-ρIs provided with)/ρWater (W)
Wherein h is1Is the height, rho, of the two-phase interface between the organic phase and the aqueous phase in the decanter from the first outletWater (W)Density of the aqueous phase, pIs provided withIs the density of the organic phase.
7. The phase separation apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the transport mechanism is an air lift, the apparatus further comprising a gas-liquid separation tank,
the gas-liquid separation tank is respectively connected with the air liquid lifter and the decanter and is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the mixed phase pumped out by the air liquid lifter and conveying the mixed phase after the gas-liquid separation to the decanter for carrying out decantation operation.
8. The phase separation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the gas-liquid separation tank and the decanter are each located at a height greater than that of the extraction separation means, and the gas-liquid separation tank is located above the decanter.
9. An extraction separation method for a spent fuel post-treatment plant comprises the following steps:
introducing a feed liquid from the upper end of the extraction separation equipment, introducing an extracting agent from the lower end of the extraction separation equipment, so that the feed liquid and the extracting agent are in reverse contact and mass transfer in the extraction separation equipment, an extracted organic phase is obtained at the upper part of the extraction separation equipment, and a mixed phase of the extracted organic phase and an extracted water phase is obtained at the lower part of the extraction separation equipment;
treating the mixed phase by the phase separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and separating to obtain an organic phase and an aqueous phase.
10. An extraction and separation system of a spent fuel post-processing plant, which comprises an extraction and separation device, and is characterized by further comprising a phase separation device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein a decanter in the phase separation device is connected with the extraction and separation device through a conveying mechanism.
CN202111591313.5A 2021-12-23 2021-12-23 Phase splitting method and device, and extraction and separation method and system for spent fuel post-treatment plant Pending CN114388159A (en)

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