The object of the present invention is to provide the eco-friendly alkali inorganic material of a class or starch and Environment-acceptable special-purpose resin for compounding polyethylene, but adopt the film of this PP Pipe Compound preparation to have environmentally degradable performance and Incineration performance.
The technology of the present invention adopts petrochemical industry synthetic toner; be added with the complex photosensitizer of independent intellectual property right; can burn auxiliary agent; biologically active agent or soda acid promotor are produced degradable; can burn; compost resin dedicated; owing to do not contain oxidation inhibitor in the toner; anti-aging agent; thermo-stabilizer; the uvioresistant auxiliary agent; can significantly reduce photosensitizers; the consumption of auxiliary agents such as biodegradation agent; do not see the resin that is exclusively used in environment-acceptable both at home and abroad; present technique is intended the resin dedicated of production; cost can be suitable with ordinary resin; plastic working enterprise can be directly with resin dedicated production environment-acceptable plastics; be convenient to middle-size and small-size plastics producer and turn to the production environmentally-friendly plastic jointly; be convenient to quality control; the protection environment can be stabilized and increased quality product.At home and abroad taking the lead in, it is resin dedicated to develop environment-acceptable PE, and then can be processed into the plastics of environment-acceptables such as plastics film easily.
Present technique is done from the source of raw material, produce resin dedicated, the environmental protection standard of unified product, help popularizing in an all-round way, intersect the characteristics of using according to several different methods such as the sanitary landfill of rubbish, compost, burnings, in formula system, taken all factors into consideration degradable, can burn, the composition of compost, and make it to mutually promote.Realized burying, the comprehensive trash processing way of compost, burning and degraded, satisfied environmental protection requirement, promptly every kind of trash processing way can both make waste assimilate with soil as early as possible.
One, prescription and characteristics
The compositing formula of series of the present invention is as follows:
1, adopt in the compositing formula of degradable PE plastics PP Pipe Compound: 1) polyethylene is made the main material of compositing formula, can adopt high density polyethylene(HDPE) (HDPE) without any processing or new LDPE (film grade) (LDPE) one of or the combination of both and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE); 2) complex photosensitizer can adopt lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium symbiosis carboxylic acid rare earth and manganese carboxylate to carry out compound, this complex photosensitizer is nontoxic, colourless, when illumination, can promote the quick degraded of polythene material, and under the condition of lucifuge, still can make polyethylene continue to take place oxidative degradation after the illumination.
So the compositing formula of degradable PE plastics PP Pipe Compound is as follows:
1) resin: 99-99.8 part
2) complex photosensitizer 0.2-1 part
2, the degradable-compositing formula that can burn PE plastics PP Pipe Compound adopts: 1) polyethylene is made the main material of compositing formula, can adopt high density polyethylene(HDPE) (HDPE) without any processing or new LDPE (film grade) (LDPE) one of or the combination of both and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE); 2) complex photosensitizer is that any title complex and manganese carboxylate compounds in the carboxylic acid rare earth class that adopts in following mixes, and specifically photosensitizers comprises as follows: the carboxylic acid rare earth can be sad rare earth (REOct
3) or lauric acid rare earth (RELau
3) or rare-earth stearate (RESt
3); Manganese carboxylate salt is as manganese octoate (MnOct
2), lauric acid manganese (MnLau
2), manganese stearate (MnSt
2); This complex photosensitizer is nontoxic, colourless, can promote the quick degraded of polythene material when illumination, and still can make polyethylene continue to take place oxidative degradation after the illumination under the condition of lucifuge.3) ultrafine powder alkaline inorganic material, can adopt 800 orders or 1250 orders or nano level calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, as the degraded of plastic material with burn the promotor absorption agent of carbonic acid gas (when particularly the burning as), this ultrafine powder inorganic materials is handled through special surface, and consumption can reach 30%-45% (weight ratio) in the present technique product; 4) through special process, coat alkaline ultrafine powder inorganic material surface with materials such as having bioactive agar, gelatine, make present technique product abandonment thing when burying processing, biological degradation can take place, energy enrichment or attraction bacterium, microorganism etc.; Recycle silicon alkane coupling agent (as γ-(methacryloxy) propyl trimethoxy silicane KH570, NDZ604) or titanate coupling agent (as single alcoxyl phosphatic type titanic acid ester NDZ102) or aluminate coupling agent (as aluminum isopropylate acid esters DL-411-D, DL-411-DF) carry out surface treatment.Concrete treatment technology is, in homogenizer, high-speed stirring 10-30 minute, temperature reaches 100-120 ℃, make its can be in the vinyon material homodisperse, to improve the consistency of inorganic powder material and polythene material, make its content in polyethylene film can reach 30%-45%, and the mechanical property of polyethylene film still surpass national standard; This surface treatment agent also can promote the PE material to degrade under microbial process.
So degradable-compositing formula that can burn PE plastics PP Pipe Compound is as follows:
A) polyvinyl resin: 50-69.4 part;
B) complex photosensitizer: 0.2-1 part;
C) alkaline ultrafine powder inorganic materials: 30-45 part;
D) biologically active agent 0-2 part;
E) surface treatment agent: 0.5-2 part.
But the compositing formula of 3 optically and biologically degrading PE plastics PP Pipe Compound adopts: 1) polyethylene is made the main material of compositing formula, can adopt high density polyethylene(HDPE) (HDPE) without any processing or new LDPE (film grade) (LDPE) one of or the combination of both and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE); 2) complex photosensitizer is that any title complex and manganese carboxylate compounds in the carboxylic acid rare earth class that adopts in following mixes, and specifically photosensitizers comprises as follows: the carboxylic acid rare earth can be sad rare earth (REOct
3) or lauric acid rare earth (RELau
3) or rare-earth stearate (RESt
3); Manganese carboxylate salt is as manganese octoate (MnOct
2), lauric acid manganese (MnLau
2), manganese stearate (MnSt
2); This complex photosensitizer is nontoxic, colourless, can promote the quick degraded of polythene material when illumination, and still can make polyethylene continue to take place oxidative degradation after the illumination under the condition of lucifuge.3) this patent W-Gum is as the biodegradation agent of plastic material, and this W-Gum is through surface treatment, and the consumption in this compositing formula can reach 15%-30% (weight ratio); 4) surface treatment agent of W-Gum adopts silane coupling agent (as KH590) or aluminate coupling agent (as DL-411-DF) and titanate coupling agent (as NDZ102) or EAA toughener, these surface treatment agents can increase the consistency of W-Gum and PE material, concrete treatment technology is, in homogenizer, high-speed stirring 10-30 minute, temperature reaches 100-120 ℃, make its can be in the vinyon material homodisperse, to improve the consistency of powder body material and polythene material, make its content in polyethylene film can reach 15%-30%.
So the compositing formula of optically and biologically degrading PE plastics PP Pipe Compound is as follows:
A) polyvinyl resin: 67-83.8 part;
B) complex photosensitizer: 0.2-1 part;
C) W-Gum 15-30 part;
D) surface treatment agent of W-Gum: 1-2 part.
The compositing formula of this serial PP Pipe Compound is after technology mixes routinely, and extruding pelletization gets final product, pellet can be directly film-blowing process blown film routinely.
Two, performance and index
(1) film that adopts degradable PE plastics PP Pipe Compound blowing after testing its performance index have following characteristics:
1, the mechanical and physical performance of film reaches the GB4456 specified standards.
2, the sanitation performance of film reaches the GB9687 specified standards.
3, degraded reserved elongation at break F:F 〉=10%.
4, adopt the light degradation property detection method of the film of this PP Pipe Compound blowing to adopt GB/T9344-1988 plastics xenon source exposure test method, carry out elongation at break by GB13022 then and measure.
Wherein:
A) photodegradation test conditions:
1) blackboard temperature is 63 ± 3 ℃;
2) relative humidity is 65% ± 5%
3) the water spray cycle is 18min/102min (water spraying time/not water spraying time).
B) the photodegradation test period is 120hr.
Adopt the degradation property of this PP Pipe Compound blown film to reach standard HJBZ12-2000 " degradable plastics packing articles " standard of State Bureau of Environmental Protection.
(2) adopt the degradable-film that can burn the blowing of PE plastics PP Pipe Compound after testing its performance index have following characteristics:
1, the mechanical and physical performance of film reaches the GB4456 specified standards.
2, the sanitation performance of film reaches the GB9687 specified standards.
3, degraded reserved elongation at break F:F 〉=10%.
4, Incineration performance incineration tail gas discharging in incinerator reaches the requirement of national environmental protection regulation.
5, adopt the light degradation property detection method of the film of this PP Pipe Compound blowing to adopt GB/T9344-1988 plastics xenon source exposure test method, carry out elongation at break by GB13022 then and measure.Wherein:
A) photodegradation test conditions:
1) blackboard temperature is 63 ± 3 ℃;
2) relative humidity is 65% ± 5%
3) the water spray cycle is 18min/102min (water spraying time/not water spraying time).
B) the photodegradation test period is 120hr.
6, the biological property test adopts USS ASTMG21-92 " standard operating instructions of test synthesized polymer material opposing fungi " to carry out: with aspergillus oryzae (A.olyzae) and aspergillus niger (A.neger) and soil suspension (amount of dilution 10
-7~10
-8) film is inoculated, constant temperature culture 21 days is observed the speed class of mold propagates.
Adopt the light degradation property of this PP Pipe Compound blown film to reach standard HJBZ12-2000 " degradable plastics packing articles " standard of State Bureau of Environmental Protection; Biodegradability can reach 3 grades.
(3) but the film that adopts the blowing of optically and biologically degrading PE plastics PP Pipe Compound after testing its performance index have following characteristics:
1, the mechanical and physical performance of film reaches the GB4456 specified standards.
2, the sanitation performance of film reaches the GB9687 specified standards.
3, degraded reserved elongation at break F:F 〉=10%.
4, biodegradability reaches more than 3 grades and (adopts the ASTM testing method).
5, adopt the light degradation property detection method of the film of this PP Pipe Compound blowing to adopt GB/T9344-1988 plastics xenon source exposure test method, carry out elongation at break by GB13022 then and measure.Wherein:
A) photodegradation test conditions:
1) blackboard temperature is 63 ± 3 ℃;
2) relative humidity is 65% ± 5%
3) the water spray cycle is 18min/102min (water spraying time/not water spraying time).
B) the photodegradation test period is 120hr.
6, the biological property test adopts USS ASTMG21-92 " standard operating instructions of test synthesized polymer material opposing fungi " to carry out: with aspergillus oryzae (A.olyzae) and aspergillus niger (A.neger) and soil suspension (amount of dilution 10
-7~10
-8) film is inoculated, constant temperature culture 21 days is observed the speed class of mold propagates.
Adopt the light degradation property of this PP Pipe Compound blown film to reach standard HJBZ12-2000 " degradable plastics packing articles " standard of State Bureau of Environmental Protection; Biodegradability can reach 3 grades.
Three, invention description
The present invention's " alkali inorganic material and Environment-acceptable special-purpose resin for compounding polyethylene " is the new and high technology environmentally friendly machine of a series of high added values.Adopt resin dedicated method, be convenient to unified production and management, this method has advance.
For the film that adopts photodegradation PE plastics PP Pipe Compound preparation in this series, its characteristics are, adopt lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium symbiosis carboxylic acid rare earth and manganese carboxylate to carry out compound, this complex photosensitizer is nontoxic, colourless, photosensitization outstanding effect characteristics when manganese carboxylate class photosensitizers has illumination in this composite photosensitizers, then owing to lanthanum, cerium, the special role of praseodymium symbiosis carboxylic acid rare earth, under the situation of lucifuge, the PE film can continue the lucifuge degraded after the illumination.
For the film that adopts degradable and combustible PE plastics PP Pipe Compound preparation in this series, owing to adopt special methods, with degradable with can burn combination, and make it to mutually promote, thereby have following characteristics: the one, utilize and burn auxiliary agent and promote degraded, inorganic ultrafine powder material is after surface treatment, content in film can be brought up to 30%-45%, on microcosmic, because coating one deck biologically active agent of powder body material and polythene material interfacial layer, be easy to be subjected to the etch of microorganism in the soil after the illumination deficiency is buried, make powder body material and PE material break away from, thereby reach the purpose that promotes degraded; The 2nd, promote to burn with degraded: inorganic ultrafine powder material not only can make the polyethylene consumption of present technique product reduce 30%-45%, help burning fully, the alkaline inorganic material that is adopted can absorb a large amount of carbonic acid gas when burning, reduce the iris action of carbonic acid gas, promoted the polyethylene burning fully; Simultaneously; film molecular weight after illumination more or less all can decrease; can effectively reduce its fuel value; the generation of dust and carbon monoxide when reducing burning; it is short to reach degradation cycle; burn fully, and effectively reduce and burn the obnoxious flavour of emitting, make the film of this PP Pipe Compound preparation no matter adopt degraded, landfill or incinerating method all can reach the environment protection purpose.Thereby realize the multimodeization that disposable use plastic refuse is administered, and reduce atmospheric secondary pollution.As seen this film is applicable to multiple trash processing way, and every kind of trash processing way can both impel product to assimilate with soil as early as possible.
But for the film that adopts optically and biologically degrading PE plastics PP Pipe Compound preparation in this series, the addition of its W-Gum can reach 15%-30%, and adopt carboxylic acid rare earth-manganese carboxylate class complex photosensitizer, thereby not only light degradation property, biodegradability reach standard HJBZ12-2000 " degradable plastics packing articles " standard of State Bureau of Environmental Protection, but also have the advantages that lucifuge after the illumination continues oxidative degradation.
Invention is elaborated to this series below in conjunction with embodiment:
1, degradable PE PP Pipe Compound
Photodegradation PE PP Pipe Compound of the present invention can be by behind the following embodiment compositing formula, the film produced of film-blowing process routinely, and each component weight percentage summation of the compositing formula among the embodiment is 100.The film that adopts embodiment to produce all meets the technical indicator of afore mentioned rules after testing.The degradation property of film reaches standard HJBZ12-2000 " degradable plastics packing articles " standard of State Bureau of Environmental Protection.Prop up and offer " it gives birth to low density polyethylene films ultraviolet oxidation degraded of rare earth photosensitizers to contain carboxylic acid ", the polymer journal, 1992 (2): 230-234, report rare earth photosensitizers lauric acid rare earth class-wherein can be lauric acid rare earth La, the lauric acid Rare-Earth Ce, lauric acid rare earth Pr or its arbitrary combination are added in and all can produce the ultraviolet oxidation degraded in the polyethylene film.
Embodiment
Narrate each embodiment in the tabulation mode below, weight is in kilogram in prescription for each component of table 1, and promptly each part is one kilogram, and each component weight percentage summation is 100.Polyvinyl resin in the table 1 can adopt high density polyethylene(HDPE) (HDPE) or new LDPE (film grade) (LDPE) one of or the combination of both and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), specifically make up shown in table 2, table 3; Equally, complex photosensitizer can adopt the described lanthanum of table 4 in the table 1, cerium, combination between praseodymium stearic acid symbiosis rare earth and the manganese stearate, specify as 99.8 parts of the prescription of table 1 " 1 " resins, 0.2 part of complex photosensitizer, the first combination high density polyethylene(HDPE) of resin wherein in can employing table 2 accounts for polyethylene total amount 20% and new LDPE (film grade) accounts for polyethylene total amount 60% and linear low density polyethylene accounts for polyethylene total amount 20%, also can adopt the 16th group combination of table 3, be that resin adopts high density polyethylene(HDPE) entirely, as long as reach the polyvinyl resin amount of disclosed concrete a certain prescription in the table 1; And complex photosensitizer can adopt the 9th combination (accounting for the lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium stearic acid symbiosis rare earth of complex photosensitizer total amount 90% and 10% manganese stearate) of table 4, also can adopt other combination in the table 4, as long as reach the complex photosensitizer amount of disclosed concrete prescription in the table 1.Press after table 1 formula combination routinely that technology is mixed, behind the extruding pelletization, and film-blowing process is produced film routinely, its performance index all have following characteristics after testing:
1, the mechanical and physical performance of film reaches the GB4456 specified standards.
2, the sanitation performance of film reaches the GB9687 specified standards.
3, degraded reserved elongation at break F:F 〉=10%.
All can reach the degraded purpose, and meet national standard.
Table 1
Table 2
Resinous type | Various resins account for the weight percent of total resin |
High density polyethylene(HDPE) | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
New LDPE (film grade) | 60 | 50 | 40 | 25 | 15 | 5 | 0 | 70 | 80 | 60 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
Linear low density polyethylene | 20 | 25 | 30 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 3
Resinous type | Various resins account for the weight percent of total resin |
New LDPE (film grade) | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
High density polyethylene(HDPE) | 60 | 50 | 40 | 25 | 15 | 5 | 0 | 70 | 80 | 60 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
Linear low density polyethylene | 20 | 25 | 30 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 4
Photosensitizers is formed | The weight percent of various photosensitizerss in complex photosensitizer in the prescription |
Lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium stearic acid symbiosis rare earth | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
Manganese stearate | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 |
2, degradable-can burn the PE PP Pipe Compound
Degradable of the present invention-can burn PE PP Pipe Compound by behind the following embodiment compositing formula, film-blowing process is produced product-film routinely, each component weight percentage summation of the compositing formula among the embodiment is 100.Adopt embodiment to produce the technical indicator that product-film all meets afore mentioned rules after testing.The degradation property of film reaches standard HJBZ12-2000 " degradable plastics packing articles " standard of State Bureau of Environmental Protection.
Embodiment
Narrate each embodiment in the tabulation mode below, weight is in kilogram in prescription for each component of table 5~table 11, and promptly each part is one kilogram, and each component weight percentage summation is 100, and the biologically active agent of table 5~table 11 adopts agar.Resin in each prescription can adopt high density polyethylene(HDPE) (HDPE) or new LDPE (film grade) (LDPE) one of or the combination of both and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), specifically make up shown in table 12, table 13, be provided with 16 groups combination in every table, and the combination in when the linear low density polyethylene component linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) components contents be 20%~30%; Complex photosensitizer can adopt the combination between the described lanthanum of table 14, cerium, praseodymium stearic acid symbiosis rare earth and the manganese stearate in each prescription; The combination of the ultra micro alkalescence inorganic powder material in each prescription is as described in table 15~table 38; Ultra micro alkalescence inorganic powder material surface treatment agent in each prescription adopts the combination between KH570 (silane coupling agent), DL-411-DF (aluminate coupling agent) and the NDZ102 (titanate coupling agent), specifically as described in table 39~table 41.Table 5~table 11 fills a prescription routinely that technology is mixed, behind the extruding pelletization, film-blowing process is produced film routinely, its performance index all can reach the degraded purpose after testing, and meet national standard.Specify as 0.2 part of: 69.4 parts of the prescription of table 5 " 1 " resins, 0.2 part of photosensitizers, 30 parts of inorganic materials, 0.2 part of biologically active agent and surface treatment agent, wherein the first combination high density polyethylene(HDPE) of resin in can employing table 12 20% and the new LDPE (film grade) that account for 69.4 parts of total amounts 60% and the linear low density polyethylene that account for 69.4 parts of total amounts accounts for 20% of 69.4 parts of total amounts, also can adopt the 16th group combination of table 13, be that resin all adopts high density polyethylene(HDPE), as long as the polyvinyl resin consumption reaches disclosed 69.4 parts of table 5 prescription; And 0.2 part of complex photosensitizer can to adopt the 9th combination of table 14 (be lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium symbiosis rare-earth stearate, manganese stearate contains 90% and 10% of 0.2 part of complex photosensitizer total amount respectively, promptly be respectively 0.18 part of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium symbiosis rare-earth stearate and 0.02 part of manganese stearate compound), also can adopt second combination of table 14, (be lanthanum promptly, cerium, praseodymium symbiosis rare-earth stearate, manganese stearate contains 20% and 80% of complex photosensitizer total amount respectively, promptly be respectively 0.04 part of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium symbiosis rare-earth stearate and 0.16 part of manganese stearate compound), the perhaps combination of other photosensitizers is as long as photosensitive dosage is 0.2 part and all can; 30 parts of ultrafine powder alkaline inorganic materials, can adopt the combination of second in the table 15, promptly (800 order magnesium oxide by the 800 order calcium oxide that contain alkaline inorganics gross weight 10% and 90% combine, promptly 800 order magnesium oxide by 3 part of 800 order calcium oxide and 27 parts combine), also can adopt table 38 the tenth combination, promptly (1250 order magnesium hydroxides by the 1250 order magnesium oxide that contain alkaline inorganics gross weight 90% and 10% combine, promptly 1250 order magnesium hydroxides by 27 part of 1250 order magnesium oxide and 3 parts combine), as long as inorganic materials reaches in table 5 prescription disclosed 30 parts; Biologically active agent adopts agar, and consumption is 0.2 part; 0.2 part of the surface treatment agent of ultrafine powder inorganic materials, can adopt first combination of table 39, promptly (all adopt 0.2 part of DL-411-DF aluminate coupling agent), also can adopt the 3rd combination in the table 40, promptly (employing contains the KH570 (silane coupling agent) of treatment agent total amount 20% and 80% NDZ102 (titanate coupling agent) combination, promptly the NDZ102 by 0.04 part of KH570 and 0.16 part combines), as long as the treatment agent total amount is 0.2 part.
After pressing in table 5~table 11 disclosed concrete a certain prescription and combination, routinely technology mix, behind the extruding pelletization, film-blowing process is produced a series of film products routinely, its performance index all have following characteristics after testing:
1, the mechanical and physical performance of film reaches the GB4456 specified standards.
2, the sanitation performance of film reaches the GB9687 specified standards.
3, degraded reserved elongation at break F:F 〉=10%.
4, inorganic powder material content 〉=30%.
The discharging of dust and CO reaches the incinerator emission standard when 5, burning.All can reach the degraded purpose, and meet national standard.
Table 5
Table 6
Table 7
Table 8
Table 9
Table 10
Table 11
Table 12
Resinous type | Various resins account for the weight percent of total resin |
High density polyethylene(HDPE) | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
New LDPE (film grade) | 60 | 50 | 40 | 25 | 15 | 5 | 0 | 70 | 80 | 60 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
Linear low density polyethylene | 20 | 25 | 30 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 13
Resinous type | Various resins account for the weight percent of total resin |
New LDPE (film grade) | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
High density polyethylene(HDPE) | 60 | 50 | 40 | 25 | 15 | 5 | 0 | 70 | 80 | 60 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
Linear low density polyethylene | 20 | 25 | 30 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 14
Photosensitizers is formed | The weight percent of various photosensitizerss in complex photosensitizer in the prescription |
Lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium stearic acid symbiosis rare earth | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
Manganese stearate | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 |
Table 15
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium oxide | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
1250 order calcium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
800 order magnesium oxide | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 16
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium oxide | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
1250 order calcium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
800 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium oxide | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 17
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium oxide | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order magnesium oxide | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 18
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium oxide | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium oxide | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 19
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
1250 order calcium oxide | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order calcium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium hydroxides | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
800 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 20
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
1250 order calcium oxide | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order calcium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
800 order calcium hydroxides | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 21
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium oxide | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order calcium hydroxides | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
1250 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 22
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium oxide | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium hydroxides | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 23
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
1250 order calcium oxide | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order calcium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium hydroxides | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
800 order magnesium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 24
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
1250 order calcium oxide | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order calcium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
800 order magnesium hydroxides | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 25
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic material umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium oxide | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order magnesium hydroxides | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 26
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium oxide | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order magnesium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium hydroxides | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 27
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
1250 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
800 order magnesium oxide | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 28
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
1250 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
800 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium oxide | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 29
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order magnesium oxide | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 30
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium oxide | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 31
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
1250 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
800 order magnesium hydroxides | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 32
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
1250 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
800 order magnesium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium hydroxides | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 33
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order magnesium hydroxides | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 34
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order calcium hydroxides | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order magnesium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium hydroxides | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 35
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
1250 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
800 order magnesium hydroxides | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 36
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
1250 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
800 order magnesium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium hydroxides | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 37
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order magnesium hydroxides | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 38
The ultrafine powder inorganic materials | Inorganic materials umber in the prescription is made up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
800 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium oxide | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
800 order magnesium hydroxides | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1250 order magnesium hydroxides | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 39
Surface treatment agent | Various coupling agents in the prescription make up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
KH570 (silane coupling agent) | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
DL-411-DF (aluminate coupling agent) | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
NDZ102 (titanate coupling agent) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 40
Surface treatment agent | Various coupling agents in the prescription make up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
KH570 (silane coupling agent) | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
DL-411-DF (aluminate coupling agent) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NDZ102 (titanate coupling agent) | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 41
Surface treatment agent | Various coupling agents in the prescription make up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
KH570 (silane coupling agent) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
DL-411-DF (aluminate coupling agent) | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
NDZ102 (titanate coupling agent) | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
But 3 optically and biologically degrading PE PP Pipe Compound
Optically and biologically degrading PE PP Pipe Compound of the present invention by behind the following embodiment compositing formula, adopt that common process mixes, behind the extruding pelletization, film-blowing process is produced film product routinely, each component weight percentage summation of the compositing formula among the embodiment is 100.Adopt embodiment to produce the technical indicator that film product all meets afore mentioned rules after testing.The degradation property of film reaches standard HJBZ12-2000 " degradable plastics packing articles " standard of State Bureau of Environmental Protection.
Embodiment
Narrate each embodiment in the tabulation mode below, with kilogram, promptly each part is one kilogram to each component prescription of table 42~table 51 in weight, and each component weight percentage summation is 100.Resin in the prescription can adopt high density polyethylene(HDPE) (HDPE) or new LDPE (film grade) (LDPE) one of or the combination of both and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), specifically make up shown in table 52, table 53, be provided with 16 groups combination in every table, and the combination in when the linear low density polyethylene component linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) components contents be 20%~30%; Complex photosensitizer can adopt the combination between the described lanthanum of table 54, cerium, praseodymium stearic acid symbiosis rare earth and the manganese stearate in the prescription; Biodegradation agent in each prescription then adopts W-Gum; The surface treatment agent of W-Gum adopts between KH570 (silane coupling agent), DL-411-DF (aluminate coupling agent) and the NDZ102 (titanate coupling agent) and makes up by table 55~table 57 is described in the prescription.Table 42~table 51 fills a prescription routinely that technology is mixed, behind the extruding pelletization, film-blowing process is produced film routinely, its performance index all can reach the degraded purpose after testing, and meet national standard.
Specify as 83.8 parts of the prescription of table 42 " 1 " resins, 0.2 part of complex photosensitizer, 15 parts of W-Gums, 1 part of surface treatment agent, wherein the first combination high density polyethylene(HDPE) of resin in can employing table 52 accounts for total amount 20% and new LDPE (film grade) accounts for total amount 60% and linear polyethylene accounts for total amount 20%, promptly combine for 16.76 parts by 16.76 parts of high density polyethylene(HDPE)s and 50.28 parts of new LDPE (film grade)s and linear polyethylene, also can adopt the 16th group combination of table 53, be that resin adopts high density polyethylene(HDPE) entirely, as long as the polyvinyl resin consumption reaches disclosed 83.8 parts of table 42 prescription; And complex photosensitizer can adopt table 54 the 9th the combination (be lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium symbiosis rare-earth stearate, manganese stearate contains 90% and 10% of complex photosensitizer total amount respectively, promptly be respectively 0.18 part of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium symbiosis rare-earth stearate and 0.02 part of manganese stearate compound), also can adopt second combination of table 54, (be lanthanum promptly, cerium, praseodymium symbiosis rare-earth stearate, manganese stearate contains 20% and 80% of complex photosensitizer total amount respectively, promptly be respectively 0.04 part of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium symbiosis rare-earth stearate and 0.16 part of manganese stearate compound), the perhaps combination of other photosensitizers is as long as photosensitive dosage is 0.2 part and all can; The biodegradation agent W-Gum is 15 parts; The surface treatment agent of W-Gum, can adopt first combination of table 55, promptly (all adopt 1 part of DL-411-DF aluminium esters of gallic acid), also can adopt the 3rd combination in the table 56, promptly (employing contains the KH570 (silane coupling agent) of treatment agent total amount 20% and 80% NDZ102 (titanate coupling agent) combination, promptly the NDZ102 by 0.2 part of KH570 and 0.8 part combines), if the treatment agent total amount for reach table 42 fill a prescription in desired 1 part.
Press the disclosed prescription of table 42~table 51, adopt that common process mixes, behind the extruding pelletization routinely film-blowing process produce a series of film products, its performance index all have following characteristics after testing:
1, the mechanical and physical performance of film reaches the GB4456 specified standards.
2, the sanitation performance of film reaches the GB9687 specified standards.
3, degraded reserved elongation at break F:F 〉=10%.
4, biodegradability: ASTM test reaches 3 grades.All can reach the degraded purpose, and meet national standard.
Table 42
Table 43
Table 44
Table 45
Table 46
Table 47
Table 48
Table 49
Table 50
Table 51
Table 52
Resinous type | Various resins account for the weight percent of total resin |
High density polyethylene(HDPE) | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
New LDPE (film grade) | 60 | 50 | 40 | 25 | 15 | 5 | 0 | 70 | 80 | 60 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
Linear low density polyethylene | 20 | 25 | 30 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 53
Resinous type | Various resins account for the weight percent of total resin |
New LDPE (film grade) | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
High density polyethylene(HDPE) | 60 | 50 | 40 | 25 | 15 | 5 | 0 | 70 | 80 | 60 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
Linear low density polyethylene | 20 | 25 | 30 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 54
Photosensitizers is formed | The weight percent of various photosensitizerss in complex photosensitizer in the prescription |
Lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium stearic acid symbiosis rare earth | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
Manganese stearate | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 |
Table 55
Surface treatment agent | Various coupling agents in the prescription make up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
KH570 (silane coupling agent) | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
DL-411-DF (aluminate coupling agent) | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
NDZ102 (titanate coupling agent) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 56
Surface treatment agent | Various coupling agents in the prescription make up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
KH570 (silane coupling agent) | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
DL-411-DF (aluminate coupling agent) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NDZ102 (titanate coupling agent) | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
Table 57
Surface treatment agent | Various coupling agents in the prescription make up by weight percentage by following concrete composition |
KH570 (silane coupling agent) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
DL-411-DF (aluminate coupling agent) | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
NDZ102 (titanate coupling agent) | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |