CN114386095B - Railway signal equipment safety authentication data storage system based on alliance chain - Google Patents
Railway signal equipment safety authentication data storage system based on alliance chain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a railway signal equipment safety certification data storage system based on an alliance chain, which is used for analyzing and determining actual service difficulty in railway signal safety certification work and is suitable for solving by adopting the alliance chain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway signal processing, and particularly relates to a railway signal equipment safety authentication data storage system based on an alliance chain.
Background
The railway signal system is used for ensuring the safety of the operation and shunting operation, improving the passing capacity of stations and intervals and the train decoding capacity, and has strong specialty and complicated business. Most railway signal equipment is used as a safety control system, has the characteristics of high reliability, high complexity, electronic programmability and the like, and is usually subjected to a plurality of process links such as equipment development, safety certification, design contact, engineering implementation and the like from development to upper application. In the implementation process of each link, the implementation process is not always independently completed by one unit or department, and a large amount of business such as interaction, storage, change and the like of business data exist in all links. The traditional railway signal service data security certificate is stored through a central server or paper data, and tools developed by a third party, such as instant messaging or Email, are used as media for transmission.
Railway signal safety certification, exemplified by SIL (safety integrity level) certification. The method is characterized in that Safety Integrity Level (SIL) division is carried out on software of a railway control and protection system based on IEC 61508 (GB/T20438) and other standards, corresponding standards are formulated according to different safety requirements, and corresponding specifications and requirements are formulated according to corresponding programs in the processes of development, evaluation and detection of the whole software according to different levels, wherein the corresponding specifications and requirements are formulated according to software requirement specifications, test specifications, software structures, software design development, software inspection and test, software and hardware integration, software confirmation evaluation, quality assurance, life cycle, documents and the like. Taking the security certification as an example, if the signal control system wants to use the above application, the signal control system needs to issue a security certification certificate after performing security audit and evaluation on the system by a qualified third-party certification authority, and there are a lot of document and signature permission interactions in the process. According to the traditional business mode, the authentication mechanism and the equipment development unit communicate with each other through mails, and relevant documents are uploaded and downloaded from a third-party server of the mails and are stored in respective terminals.
In summary, the conventional railway signal security authentication method has the following problems: firstly, the risk of information leakage is very easy to occur in the process of security authentication; secondly, in the current document approval link, the document is audited by adopting the traditional paper personal signature, so that the efficiency is low, a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted, and the signature trust effectiveness is questioned; thirdly, all links of the current security authentication cannot be traceable through the whole process, the time sequence of each process is disordered and not standardized, and the risk of document tampering still exists; fourth, the security authentication is only participated by two parties, namely: the first party pays the certification of the system of the first party by the second party, and the certification credibility efficacy is questionable.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a railroad signal device security authentication data storage system based on an alliance chain, which can implement flow data security storage for security authentication of a railroad signal system.
The invention provides a railway signal equipment safety authentication data storage and verification system based on an alliance chain, which comprises: the system comprises a alliance chain module, a basic supporting module, a business supporting module and an interface module;
the alliance link module adopts an alliance link platform to set a development main body, a business related party and a safety certification related party of the railway signal equipment as alliance member nodes, and an intelligent contract flow is established; the basic support module is used for generating a user key and monitoring the node state and the node block information of the alliance chain; the business support module is used for uploading business data to the alliance chain by a business related party and supporting the query of the business data; the interface module is used for providing interfaces for the development main body, the business related party and the safety certification related party according to the intelligent contract flow, uploading data, downloading data and certification.
Further, the mode for implementing the security authentication data storage by the alliance chain module, the basic support module, the service support module and the interface module is as follows:
the development main body develops a signal control device and formulates a document to be authenticated, and the development main body uploads the document to be authenticated to a alliance chain in a mode of only authorizing to the security authentication related party after signing the document to be authenticated according to the intelligent contract flow; and the security authentication related party acquires and decrypts the document to be authenticated to obtain the document to be authenticated and the trusted signature, verifies the document to be authenticated, if the verification is not passed, the modification idea is transferred to a alliance chain according to the intelligent contract flow, and if the verification is passed, an authentication certificate is issued for the document to be authenticated.
Further, the base support module first distributes trust points ss evenly for all the federation member nodes n ，
Wherein N is the number of the member nodes of the alliance, and SS is the initial sum of the trust integral; the basic support module controls the production or loss capacity P of the trust integral of the member nodes of the alliance n Realizing the control of the trust integral amount of the nodes of the coalition members, thereby adjusting the credibility weight T of the nodes of the coalition members n 。
Further, the basic support module controls the production or loss capacity P of the trust integral of the member nodes of the alliance n The method realizes the control of the trust integral amount of the alliance member nodes, and the method for adjusting the credibility weight of the alliance member nodes comprises the following steps:
determining the production or loss capability P of the trust score of a federation member node using the following formula n ，
Wherein tau, beta,
And gamma are both given constants;
the control of the trust credit amount of the nodes of the alliance members is realized according to the following formula:
wherein, t h Indicating the time at which the current tile was generated,
represents t h Trust score, t, of a federation member node at a time h-1 Indicating the time at which the previous block was generated,
represents t h-1 Trust integral of coalition member nodes at the moment;
calculating and obtaining the credibility weight T of the node of the coalition members according to the following formula n ：T n ＝α×ss n Wherein α is a weight coefficient.
Further, the initial total amount of trust credits SS is 1000.
Further, the block-out time Δ t ═ t in the federation chain h -t h-1 The value was 10 minutes.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention determines the actual service difficulty in the railway signal security authentication work through analysis and is suitable for solving by adopting the alliance chain, constructs the security certificate storage system of the railway signal security authentication data based on the alliance chain, expands the railway signal security authentication of two parties into multi-party participation, keeps the technical details secret, but stores the certificate by all parties of the data together, improves the reliability and the security compared with the existing authentication mode, can reduce the waste of manpower and material resources, and provides a set of feasible technical scheme for realizing the requirements of security interaction, credible certificate storage and the like of the authentication data.
2. The invention designs the RPOS consensus mechanism algorithm, solves the problem that the traditional POS algorithm may generate super-strong nodes, and can effectively adapt to the service requirements of the railway signal system security authentication alliance chain.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a railway signal equipment security authentication data storage system based on an alliance chain according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a system structure diagram of a railway signal equipment security authentication data storage system based on an alliance chain.
Fig. 3 is a schematic processing procedure diagram of a railroad signal equipment security authentication data storage system based on an alliance chain provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The safety certification of the existing iron signal safety control equipment is a key link for applying the equipment, and only the equipment which obtains certification permission can be applied in the upper process. In the business scene, the equipment development unit delivers the data of design files, codes, risk analysis and the like developed by the system to a professional certification authority of a third party for verification, and the two parties communicate and modify related problems existing around the design repeatedly until the related problems reach the certification standard. The communication confirmation process is mainly finished in the form of mails. After the document is written, the document is submitted through a paper approval bill after compiling and signature confirmation of auditors in each stage.
Due to the technical characteristics of the alliance link/block link, each unit node stores all service data information, and the correctness and the non-tamper property of all data are guaranteed. Its related concepts include the following three:
data interaction: each operation on the chain, which causes the block state to change, is called data interaction, each data interaction corresponds to a unique hash value, and the data interaction is packed after a period of time.
Block: packing records data interaction and state results (called Merkle root) that occur over a period of time, which is a common consensus for current data. Each block is added to the chain at a relatively smooth time interval, and the consensus time is dynamically set in the railway signal security authentication data storage system.
Chain: the blocks are connected in series in time sequence, and the hash value of one block is related to each block record, so that the log record of the whole state change is obtained.
The mathematical property of the hash calculation can convert data input with any length into data output with fixed length, and the calculation results are greatly different due to slight change of the input data. The hash calculation is combined with the structure of the block chain, so that the hash value of a new block can be changed greatly even if anyone modifies the history record at one point, and the information cannot be tampered.
In the alliance chain, according to different service scenes, an intelligent contract is used for realizing the service logic of a main body and authorizing corresponding data viewing permission, wherein the intelligent contract is a main body of program logic and a main body of data storage.
Because the railway signal safety certification has the characteristics of strict standardization, high safety and confidentiality requirement and the like, which are very fit with the authorization access, traceable history and strong controllability of an intelligent contract of the alliance chain technology, the invention provides the evidence of the railway signal equipment safety certification data by adopting the alliance chain technology, and the principle is shown in figure 1.
The railway signal service data security certificate storage system can solve the problems of the services from the bottom layer technology in the form of an alliance chain. The blockchain is a novel application mode of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, a consensus mechanism and an encryption algorithm, and is a decentralized database in essence. A federation chain is a branch of blockchain technology that is not completely decentralized, but rather is a multicentric or partially decentralized blockchain. When the blockchain system runs, the consensus process of the blockchain system is controlled by a specific node. In the safety certification data storage system of railway signal equipment, each equipment development unit, design institute, railway bureau and certification authority are used as a node on the chain, and each time a service is confirmed/a document is uploaded, the service and data can be approved by the node specified by the contract. Meanwhile, the data on the federation chain is different from the complete disclosure of the public chain, only the nodes of the federation members can access the data, and the operations of read-write permission, participation rules and the like on the chain also need to be jointly determined by the federation members.
In addition, a security authentication data chain can be established in a public chain mode, and data are encrypted and shared to all open nodes.
The invention provides a railway signal equipment safety authentication data storage system based on an alliance chain, as shown in figure 2, specifically comprising: the system comprises a alliance chain module, a basic supporting module, a business supporting module and an interface module.
The alliance chain module ensures the safety and reliability of the service data by utilizing the irreversible and non-modifiable characteristics of the data stored in the alliance chain through a bottom alliance chain platform. Wherein different types of business application scenarios are controlled and constrained using programmable smart contracts. The basic support module comprises the generation of a user key and the monitoring of the state of the nodes of the alliance chain and the block information in the nodes. And the service support module manages the related service accounts, uploads the service data to the alliance chain and can inquire the service data in the authority. The interface module mainly realizes the interface functions of uploading documents, electronic signatures and uploading codes by terminal users.
The invention provides a processing procedure of a railway signal equipment safety authentication data storage system based on an alliance chain, which is shown in figure 3. Wherein, the equipment development unit refers to a unit for developing and developing railway signal safety control systems (such as train control, interlocking, RBC and the like); the certification unit is a unit which certifies the railway signal safety control system according to the safety standards such as SIL4 or CRCC and has related certification qualifications. The business process comprises the following steps:
the equipment development unit and the authentication unit are both in a alliance chain, firstly, the equipment development unit develops the signal control equipment and performs safety authentication in connection with the related authentication unit; the equipment development unit writes safety certification related documents according to related requirements, packages the documents in sequence according to an intelligent contract flow agreed in the alliance chain, gives signatures, uploads the documents to the alliance chain in a mode of only authorizing the certification authority, and all maintenance unit nodes are confirmed and then upload successfully. The certification authority decrypts the document data after obtaining the document data, and obtains the safe document data and the credible signature. After the document is checked, the certification authority transmits the document and the related modification opinions to the chain in the same way for interaction.
In the service process based on the alliance chain, the data security is guaranteed, the credibility of the digital signature is greatly improved, and the waste of paper is avoided. Meanwhile, all data are interacted through the alliance chain, historical data cannot be tampered, the whole service process can be traced, and the development of the authentication service is more credible and regular.
The consensus mechanism is a policy and method for each node in the blockchain system to agree on. For specific services of a railway signal security authentication alliance chain, requirements on timeliness (compared with a general signal control system), throughput capacity and efficiency of node synchronization are not high, but requirements on information security are strict, and admission rule design of the alliance chain is very strict; the identities of all participating units (nodes) are known, and each unit (node) has high credibility; meanwhile, an observation period of a certain time is set for a unit of a newly-entered alliance chain; the consensus mechanism awards the units actively maintaining the federation chain accordingly.
In the original equity certification algorithm (Proof of stamp, POS), the equity of a node is linearly related to the duration and the number of token holding time, which leads to centralization of equity, the ecological balance of a chain is broken, and if the equity certification algorithm is directly applied to a railway signal equipment security certification data alliance chain, an initiating unit obtains absolute speaking right, so that the public trust of the alliance chain is greatly reduced. Moreover, the traditional POS algorithm is extremely unfriendly to the new entry node, which can strike the initiative of the new entry node in maintaining a alliance chain. Therefore, the RPOS consensus mechanism algorithm with dynamically distributed weights is designed, so that each unit node can actively maintain the alliance chain, the safety of data on the chain is guaranteed, and the data are effectively synchronized.
The RPOS algorithm sets the number of originating member units (corresponding to nodes in the federation chain) to N (N ≧ 3). In the initial state, each node sets equal voting right by distributing trust points. And setting the initial total amount of the trust points as SS which is 1000, averagely distributing the trust points for each node, and recording as:
and n is a node number.
Confidence weight T of node n Positively correlated with a trust score, wherein T n Satisfy the requirement of
The nodes can acquire the trust integral through actively maintaining the security evidence storage alliance chain, so that each unit is guaranteed to try to maintain the operation and storage capacity of the nodes for the credible weight of the node. When the node fails or the hardware level of the node is not enough to support data storage and other factors, the node is powerless to participate in the maintenance of the alliance chain, the reliability of the unit in the alliance chain is reduced, and the rights and interests of the node are influenced. Confidence weight T of node n Can be calculated from the following formula: t is n ＝α×ss n Where α is a weight coefficient that can be dynamically varied.
The core of the RPOS algorithm is the production or loss capability P through controlling the trust integral of the node n The control of the amount of the trust integral of the node is realized, thereby adjusting the trust weight T of the node n The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, t h Indicates the time of current block generation, t h-1 Indicating the time of the previous block generation. In the railway signal safety authentication data storage alliance chain, the block output time delta t is t h -t h-1 The value was 10 minutes. Production or loss capability P of node trust score n Is calculated by the following formula, wherein tau, beta,
γ is the agreed constant:
therefore, the RPOS can ensure that super nodes do not appear in the nodes by adjusting the balance among the nodes, thereby ensuring the dynamic balance of the railway signal safety authentication data storage certification alliance chain and ensuring that the alliance chain has more public trust.
The safety certification data storage system for the railway signal equipment based on the alliance chain can integrate industrial resources and create a brand-new win-win industry system. The method aims to realize the process data security evidence of the signal system security authentication, and participated parties are almost all units including state iron group, railway bureau, research and development unit, authentication company, engineering unit and design institute in the industry, and the method is a brand new attempt for breaking through the existing mode.
From the economic perspective, the required hardware facilities are not harsh when the alliance chain system is developed and constructed, and the development task is mainly software development. Therefore, the main cost of the whole scheme is personnel cost, and the method has certain economic advantages compared with the development of other safety control systems. From the aspect of service application, the safety verification system of railway signal service data can directly click service pain points of document code storage, information interaction, digital signature and the like of each service, and once a scale effect is generated, each unit is attracted to participate in operation and maintenance together. The system integrates high-quality resources in the industry, creates a set of brand-new industry business system, and brings a set of brand-new development mode for the industry.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A railway signal equipment safety authentication data storage system based on alliance chain, characterized by includes: the system comprises a alliance chain module, a basic supporting module, a business supporting module and an interface module;
the alliance link module adopts an alliance link platform to set a development main body, a business related party and a safety certification related party of the railway signal equipment as alliance member nodes, and an intelligent contract flow is established; the basic support module is used for generating a user key and monitoring the node state and the node block information of the alliance chain; the business support module is used for uploading business data to the alliance chain by a business related party and supporting the query of the business data; the interface module is used for providing interfaces for the development main body, the business related party and the safety certification related party according to the intelligent contract flow to upload data, download data and certification;
the basic support module firstly distributes trust scores ss for all the alliance member nodes in average n ，
Wherein N is the number of the member nodes of the alliance, and SS is the initial sum of the trust integral; the basic support module controls the production or loss capacity P of the trust integral of the member nodes of the alliance n Realizing the control of the trust integral amount of the nodes of the coalition members, thereby adjusting the credibility weight T of the nodes of the coalition members n ；
The basic support module controls the production or loss capacity P of the trust integral of the member nodes of the alliance n The method realizes the control of the trust integral amount of the alliance member nodes, and the method for adjusting the credibility weight of the alliance member nodes comprises the following steps:
determining the production or loss capability P of the trust score of a federation member node using the following formula n ，
Wherein tau, beta,
And gamma are both given constants;
the control of the trust credit amount of the nodes of the alliance members is realized according to the following formula:
wherein, t h Indicating the time at which the current tile was generated,
represents t h Trust score, t, of a federation member node at a time h-1 Indicating the time at which the previous tile was generated,
represents t h-1 Trust integral of coalition member nodes at the moment;
calculating and obtaining the credibility weight T of the node of the coalition members according to the following formula n ：T n ＝α×ss n Wherein α is a weight coefficient.
2. The alliance-chain-based railway signal device security authentication data storage system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alliance-chain module, the basic support module, the service support module and the interface module are used for implementing security authentication data storage in a manner that:
the development main body develops a signal control device and formulates a document to be authenticated, and the development main body uploads the document to be authenticated to a alliance chain in a mode of only authorizing to the security authentication related party after signing the document to be authenticated according to the intelligent contract flow; and the security authentication related party acquires and decrypts the document to be authenticated to obtain the document to be authenticated and the trusted signature, verifies the document to be authenticated, if the verification is not passed, the modification request is uploaded to a alliance chain according to the intelligent contract flow, and if the verification is passed, an authentication certificate is issued to the document to be authenticated.
3. A federation chain-based railway signal equipment security authentication data deposit system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the initial total amount of trust credit SS is 1000.
4. A federation chain-based railway signal equipment security authentication data storage system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the block-out time Δ t ═ t in the federation chain h -t h-1 The value was 10 minutes.
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