CN114384155A - Measuring system and method for measuring sound velocity of medium in waveguide - Google Patents
Measuring system and method for measuring sound velocity of medium in waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN114384155A CN114384155A CN202210034262.4A CN202210034262A CN114384155A CN 114384155 A CN114384155 A CN 114384155A CN 202210034262 A CN202210034262 A CN 202210034262A CN 114384155 A CN114384155 A CN 114384155A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/011—Velocity or travel time
Abstract
The invention provides a measuring system and a sound velocity measuring method for measuring the sound velocity of a medium in a waveguide, wherein the measuring system comprises: signal generating means for generating a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal; the waveguide tube is internally provided with a medium; a first transducer located at the first end of the waveguide for receiving the first electrical signal and converting the first electrical signal into an acoustic signal such that the acoustic signal passes from the first end to the second end of the waveguide; a second transducer located at a second end of the waveguide and converting the acoustic signal into a first converted electrical signal; an acoustic wave receiving device for receiving the first converted electrical signal and the second electrical signal; compared with the existing measuring system, the measuring system adopting the structure for measuring the medium sound velocity in the waveguide reduces interference parameters and improves the measurement precision of the sound velocity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field, and particularly relates to a measuring system and a sound velocity measuring method for measuring the sound velocity of a medium in a waveguide.
Background
With the rapid development of the acoustic technology, the acoustic measurement technology is developed rapidly in practice with the rapid development of acoustics, and the acoustic detection technology is more and more extensive in practical application, and the measurement of the sound velocity is particularly important in the acoustic detection fields of flaw detection, positioning, distance measurement, fluid velocity measurement, nondestructive detection and the like. And wherein measuring the speed of sound in a pipe is a fundamental but significant research effort.
At present, the principle mainly adopted for measuring the medium sound velocity in the waveguide tube is a standing wave resonance method, a phase comparison method and a time difference method. The measurement principle of the standing wave resonance method is to keep the liquid level in the pipe constant, fix the hydrophone in the center of the medium in the pipe, move up and down, measure the distance d between two adjacent troughs or peaks in the standing wave field, and then calculate the sound velocity c1 to be 2d × f. In the phase comparison method, when the hydrophone is fixed at the center of the medium in the pipe and moves up and down, and the waveforms of the signals transmitted and received by the oscilloscope are observed and overlapped twice, the distance traveled by the hydrophone is the wavelength λ, and therefore, the sound velocity is c2 ═ λ × f. The time difference method is a simple and reliable method for measuring the sound velocity, and the sound velocity is calculated by measuring the time t required for a pulse wave to travel a certain distance d 2: c3 ═ d 2/t.
The three methods have the advantages of simple and intuitive principle, but have the disadvantages respectively: the standing wave resonance method is characterized in that the standing wave field in a tube is changed due to the scattering phenomenon of a hydrophone, so that the position measurement between the wave trough and the wave trough or between the wave crest and the wave crest of the standing wave field is inaccurate, and the measurement precision of the sound velocity is influenced. The same problem exists with phase comparison methods, and there is also a problem of inaccurate readings because of the difficulty in accurately reading the distance traveled by the hydrophone. The time difference method, which is the echo measurement time difference method mostly adopted in the current time difference method, has a problem that the waveform change is easily caused by mode conversion when a pulse wave touches the bottom of a tube to generate an echo and starts to transmit when the pulse wave touches any defective place, and the waveform change of the echo influences the measurement precision of the sound velocity by comparing the time between the same waveforms of a transmitted wave and the echo.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a measurement system for measuring the speed of sound of a medium in a waveguide, which can improve the measurement accuracy of the speed of sound of the medium in the waveguide.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a measurement system for measuring the sound velocity of a medium in a waveguide, comprising:
signal generating means for generating a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal;
the waveguide tube is internally provided with a medium;
a first transducer located at the first end of the waveguide for receiving the first electrical signal and converting the first electrical signal into an acoustic signal such that the acoustic signal passes from the first end to the second end of the waveguide;
a second transducer located at a second end of the waveguide and converting the acoustic signal into a first converted electrical signal;
an acoustic wave receiving device for receiving the first converted electrical signal and the second electrical signal.
Optionally, the signal generating device comprises:
a signal generator for generating a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal;
the first container is communicated with the first end of the waveguide tube and is used for storing media, and the first transducer is arranged in the first container.
Optionally, the signal receiving apparatus includes:
the second container is communicated with the second end of the waveguide tube and is used for storing media, and the second transducer is arranged in the second container;
an oscilloscope receiving the first converted signal and the second signal, respectively.
Optionally, the waveguide is adjustable in length;
the waveguide tube comprises a first guide tube, a connecting tube and a second guide tube, wherein the first end of the first guide tube is communicated with the first container, the second end of the second guide tube is communicated with the second container, and two ends of the connecting tube are respectively communicated with the second end of the first guide tube and the first end of the second guide tube;
the connecting pipe is connected with the first guide pipe or the second guide pipe through pipe threads, so that the length of the waveguide pipe is adjustable.
Optionally, the waveguide further comprises a sound wave introducing pipe and a sound wave discharging pipe, the sound wave introducing pipe is arranged at the first end of the first guide pipe and is used for introducing the sound wave signal generated by the first transducer into the first guide pipe;
the sound wave output pipe is arranged at the second end of the second guide pipe and is used for guiding the sound wave signals in the second guide pipe to the second transducer.
Optionally, a thermostat for regulating the temperature of the medium is provided in the first container.
Optionally, the signal generating device further includes a signal amplifier and an impedance matcher, which are sequentially disposed between the signal generator and the first transducer along the first electrical signal transmission direction.
Optionally, the measuring system further comprises a support, and the first container and the second container are both disposed on the support.
The invention also provides a sound velocity measurement method, which comprises the following steps:
providing a signal generator for generating a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal;
providing a first transducer for converting a first electrical signal into an acoustic signal;
providing a waveguide tube, wherein the length of the waveguide tube is L, and the waveguide tube is filled with a medium;
providing a second transducer for converting the acoustic wave signal into a first converted electrical signal;
providing an oscilloscope for receiving the first converted electrical signal and the second electrical signal to obtain a time difference t between the first converted electrical signal and the second electrical signal;
wherein, the sound velocity v of the sound wave in the medium in the waveguide is L/t.
Optionally, the length L of the waveguide is adjustable.
As described above, the measurement system and the sound velocity measurement method for measuring the sound velocity of the medium in the waveguide according to the present invention have the following advantageous effects:
compared with the existing measuring system, the measuring system adopting the structure for measuring the medium sound velocity in the waveguide tube has the advantages of reducing interference parameters, improving the measurement precision of the sound velocity, along with simple structure and convenience in production and manufacturing.
By adopting the sound velocity measurement method, the measurement precision of the sound velocity of the sound wave signal in the medium is improved, meanwhile, the measurement steps are simplified, and the interference parameters are eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement system for measuring the sound velocity of a medium in a waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a measurement system for measuring the sound velocity of a medium in a waveguide, which includes a signal generation device 1, a waveguide 2, a first transducer 3, a second transducer 4 and an acoustic wave receiving device 5, wherein the signal generation device 1 is configured to generate a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal, and the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are the same electrical signal; the waveguide tube 2 is filled with a medium, the first transducer 3 is located at a first end of the waveguide tube 2, where the first end of the waveguide tube is an inlet end (left end in fig. 1) of the waveguide tube, the first transducer 3 is used for receiving a first electric signal and converting the first electric signal into an acoustic signal, so that the acoustic signal enters from the first end of the waveguide tube (inlet of the waveguide tube), passes through the medium in the waveguide tube and then flows out from a second end of the waveguide tube 2 (outlet of the waveguide tube); the second transducer 4 is located at a second end of the waveguide 2, where said second end of the waveguide is an outlet end of the waveguide (the right end in fig. 1), the second transducer 4 being arranged to convert the acoustic signal through the medium in the waveguide into a first converted electrical signal; the signal receiving device 5 is used for receiving the first converted electric signal sent by the second transducer 4 and the second electric signal sent by the signal generating device 1.
In the actual use process, first an electrical signal and a second electrical signal are generated by the signal generating device 1, the first transducer 3 receives the first electrical signal and converts the first electrical signal into a sound wave signal, the sound wave signal enters from the inlet of the waveguide 2, flows through the medium in the waveguide and flows out from the outlet of the waveguide 2, the second transducer 4 converts the ultrasonic wave flowing out from the outlet of the waveguide into the first converted electrical signal and receives the first converted electrical signal and the second electrical signal by the signal receiving device 5.
Since the acoustic signal passes through the medium in the waveguide with a certain time delay, the time difference t between the received first converted signal and the second signal can be obtained from the signal receiving device 5, the time difference is actually the time difference between the first transducer 3 and the second transducer 4, the transmission distance of the acoustic signal is the length L of the waveguide, and the transmission speed v of the acoustic signal in the medium in the waveguide can be calculated to be L/t.
Compared with the existing measuring system, the measuring system adopting the structure for measuring the medium sound velocity in the waveguide tube has the advantages of reducing interference parameters, improving the measurement precision of the sound velocity, along with simple structure and convenience in production and manufacturing.
Specifically, the first transducer 3 and the second transducer 4 are made of piezoelectric ceramics and respectively utilize inverse piezoelectric effect and piezoelectric effect, so as to convert the first electrical signal into the acoustic signal and convert the acoustic signal into the first converted signal.
The first electric signal and the second electric signal are both sine wave pulse signals, the number of pulses of the pulse signals is less than 10, the lower repetition frequency is controlled, and the pulses can be prevented from interfering with each other.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the signal generating device 1 comprises a signal generator 11 and a first container 12, the signal generator 11 being configured to generate a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal; the first container 12 is connected to the first end of the waveguide 2 and is used for storing a medium, so that the medium in the first container 12 can fill the waveguide under the action of external pressure, and the first transducer 3 is installed in the first container and located at the inlet of the waveguide 2, so that the first transducer 3 converts the first electrical signal into an acoustic signal and then directly enters the medium in the waveguide for transmission.
Through setting up this signal generator for produce first electric signal and second electric signal, thereby provide the signal source, through setting up this first container, and communicate with the first end of waveguide pipe, thereby satisfy the medium seal to in the waveguide pipe, avoid the medium seepage in the waveguide pipe, simultaneously, still provide the mounted position for first transducer.
Specifically, the structure and the operation principle of the signal generator 11 are the prior art, and are not described herein again.
The first container 12 can be a container bottle, a water tank or other container capable of storing media, and can be selected according to specific requirements.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the signal receiving apparatus 5 comprises a second container 51 and an oscilloscope 52, the second container 51 is connected to the second end of the waveguide 2 and is used for storing a medium, so that the medium in the second container 51 can fill the waveguide under an external pressure, the second transducer 4 is installed in the second container 51 and is positioned at the outlet of the waveguide 2, so that the second transducer 4 converts the acoustic wave signal passing through the medium in the waveguide into a first converted signal; the oscilloscope 52 is electrically connected to the second transducer 4 and the signal generator 11, respectively, and is configured to receive the first converted signal from the second transducer and the second signal from the signal generator, respectively, and at the same time, the time t between the first converted signal and the second signal can be obtained from the oscilloscope 52.
Through setting up this second container to with the second end intercommunication of waveguide pipe, thereby satisfy the medium sealing in the waveguide pipe, avoid the medium seepage in the waveguide pipe, simultaneously, still provide the mounted position for the second transducer, through setting up this oscilloscope, can accept first conversion signal and second signal, and obtain the time difference t between first conversion signal and the second signal from the oscilloscope, have the simple operation, low cost's advantage.
Specifically, the second container 51 may be a container bottle, a water tank or other container capable of storing a medium, which may be selected according to specific requirements.
The structure and operation of the oscilloscope 52 are conventional and will not be described in detail herein.
Accordingly, the first container 12, the second container 51, and the waveguide 2 form a communicating vessel, so that the medium in the first container 12 and the second container 51 can fill the waveguide under the external air pressure, and the medium in the first container 12 and the second container 51 can fill the waveguide under the external air pressure. Meanwhile, the liquid level heights in the first container 12 and the second container 51 are the same, and the influence on the sound velocity measurement caused by the different liquid level heights in the first container and the second container is avoided.
By providing the first container 12 and the second container 51, the generation and reception of the acoustic wave signal are separated, so that the generation and reception of the acoustic wave signal do not interfere with each other, and the reliability of the transmission of the acoustic wave signal is improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-2, the length L of the waveguide 2 is adjustable, that is, the length L of the waveguide is changed to obtain the transmission speeds v of multiple sets of acoustic signals, and then the transmission speeds v of the sets are averaged, so as to improve the measurement accuracy of the acoustic signals.
The waveguide tube 2 comprises a first conduit 21, a connecting tube 22 and a second conduit 23, wherein a first end of the first conduit 21 is communicated with the first container 12, a second end of the second conduit 23 is communicated with the second container 51, two ends of the connecting tube 22 are respectively communicated with a second end of the first conduit 21 and a first end of the second conduit 23, and the connecting tube 22 is in threaded connection with the first conduit or the second conduit, so that the length of the waveguide tube is adjustable, namely when the first end of the connecting tube 22 is in threaded connection with the first conduit 21, the second end of the connecting tube 22 is fixedly communicated with the second conduit (can be welded or fixed in threaded connection), and the connecting tube and the first conduit are in threaded connection through the connecting tube, so that the connecting tube and the first conduit can rotate with each other, thereby adjusting the length of the waveguide tube; when the second end of the connecting pipe 22 is connected with the second conduit 23 through the pipe thread, at this time, the first end of the connecting pipe 22 is fixedly communicated with the first conduit (can be fixed through welding or threaded connection), and the connecting pipe and the second conduit can rotate mutually through the pipe thread connection between the connecting pipe and the second conduit, so that the effect of adjusting the length of the waveguide is achieved; the waveguide tube adopting the structure has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in disassembly and assembly under the effect of adjusting the length L of the waveguide tube, and has a sealing effect through threaded connection of the tube, so that the risk of medium leakage is avoided.
Specifically, mark the scale on connecting pipe 22, the accessible reads the scale interval to obtain the length L of wave guide, through setting up the scale, when adjusting the length of wave guide, be convenient for acquire the length numerical value of wave guide, the staff's of being convenient for operation.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the waveguide 2 further comprises a sound introducing pipe 24 and a sound discharging pipe 25, the sound introducing pipe 24 is installed at the first end of the first conduit 21, and two ends of the sound introducing pipe 24 are respectively communicated with the first container 12 and the first conduit 21 and are used for introducing the sound signal generated by the first transducer 3 into the first conduit 21.
An acoustic waveguide 25 is mounted at a second end of the second conduit 23, and two ends of the acoustic waveguide 25 are respectively communicated with the second conduit 23 and the second container 51 and used for guiding the acoustic signal in the second conduit 23 to the second transducer 4.
In actual use, the sound wave signal enters through the sound wave introducing pipe, passes through the media in the sound wave introducing pipe 24, the first guide pipe 21, the connecting pipe 22, the second guide pipe 23 and the sound wave guiding pipe 25 in sequence, and is guided to the second transducer 4 through the sound wave guiding pipe.
Through setting up sound wave inlet tube and sound wave outlet pipe, the scattering and disappearing of sound wave signal can be reduced at the transmission in-process to improve the reliability of sound wave signal transmission.
Specifically, the flow area of the sound wave introducing pipe 24 is gradually reduced along the flow direction of the sound wave signal, so that the sound wave signal is introduced, the flow area of the sound wave introducing pipe is gradually increased along the flow direction of the sound wave signal, so that the sound wave signal is introduced, and meanwhile, the sound wave introducing pipe has the advantage of being simple in structure.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, a thermostat 6 for adjusting the temperature of the medium is installed in the first container 12, and by installing the thermostat, the temperature of the medium in the first container, the waveguide and the second container is kept constant, and the measurement of the sound velocity of the medium is prevented from being influenced by the temperature difference or the offset in the medium, so that the reliability of the measurement of the sound velocity of the medium is improved.
Specifically, the structure and the working principle of the thermostat are the prior art, and are not described herein again.
Of course, the thermostat may be installed in the second container, or both the first container and the second container, and in this case, the thermostat installed in the first container also has an advantage of being inexpensive in terms of maintaining the temperature of the medium.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the signal generating apparatus further includes a signal amplifier 13 and an impedance matcher 14, and the signal amplifier 13 and the impedance matcher 14 are sequentially installed between the signal generator 11 and the first transducer 12 in the first electrical signal transmission direction.
In practical use, the signal amplifier 13 is electrically connected to the signal generator 11 and is configured to receive the first electrical signal sent by the signal generator 11 and amplify the first electrical signal, so as to facilitate transmission of the first electrical signal; the impedance matcher 14 is electrically connected to the signal amplifier 13 and the first transducer 12, respectively, so that the amplified first electrical signal flows through the impedance matcher and then flows into the first transducer 12, and by arranging the impedance matcher, the amplified first electrical signal can be effectively applied to the first transducer, thereby reducing reverse power, and simultaneously reducing heating and damage caused by system power loss and reverse power.
Specifically, the structures and functions of the signal amplifier and the impedance matcher are all the prior art, and are not described herein again.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the measuring system further comprises a bracket 7, and the first container 12 and the second container 51 are both mounted on the bracket 7, so that the bracket 7 not only provides mounting positions for the first container and the second container, but also improves the compactness and facilitates the disassembly and assembly.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention also provides a sound velocity measurement method, including:
s10 provides a signal generator 11, where the signal generator 11 is configured to generate a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal, where the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are both sine-wave pulse signals, and the number of pulses of the pulse signals is less than 10, and a lower repetition frequency is controlled, so as to ensure that the pulses do not interfere with each other.
S20 provides a signal amplifier 13, the signal amplifier 13 is electrically connected to the signal generator 11, and the signal amplifier 13 is configured to receive the first electrical signal from the signal generator 11 and amplify the first electrical signal.
S30 providing an impedance matcher 14 for receiving the first electrical signal amplified by the amplifier and outputting the first electrical signal; the first electric signal passing through the impedance matcher can reduce reverse power.
S40 provides a first transducer 3, where the first transducer 3 is used to convert the first electrical signal output by the impedance matcher into an acoustic signal, and the structure and the operation principle of the first transducer are all the prior art, and are not described herein again.
S50 provides a waveguide 2 having a length L, the waveguide being filled with a medium, the acoustic signal flowing in from a first end of the waveguide, through the medium in the waveguide, and out from a second end of the waveguide.
S70 provides a second transducer 4 for converting the acoustic signal flowing out through the second end of the waveguide 2 into a first converted electrical signal, and the structure and function of the second transducer are the prior art and will not be described herein.
S80 provides an oscilloscope 52, which is configured to receive the first converted electrical signal and the second electrical signal to obtain a time difference t between the first converted electrical signal and the second electrical signal, and the structure and the working principle of the oscilloscope are all the prior art and are not described herein again;
s90 determines the speed of sound v of the acoustic signal in the medium in the waveguide as L/t.
By adopting the sound velocity measurement method, the measurement precision of the sound velocity of the sound wave signal in the medium is improved, meanwhile, the measurement steps are simplified, and the interference parameters are eliminated.
In some embodiments, the length L of the waveguide 2 is adjustable, and by providing the waveguide with an adjustable length, the acoustic transmission speeds at different lengths L can be obtained, and the acoustic transmission speeds at different lengths L are averaged, so that the reliability of the acoustic transmission measurement is improved.
The waveguide tube 2 comprises a first conduit 21, a connecting tube 22 and a second conduit 23, wherein a first end of the first conduit 21 is communicated with the first container 12, a second end of the second conduit 23 is communicated with the second container 51, two ends of the connecting tube 22 are respectively communicated with a second end of the first conduit 21 and a first end of the second conduit 23, and the connecting tube 22 is in threaded connection with the first conduit or the second conduit, so that the length of the waveguide tube is adjustable, namely when the first end of the connecting tube 22 is in threaded connection with the first conduit 21, the second end of the connecting tube 22 is fixedly communicated with the second conduit (can be welded or fixed in threaded connection), and the connecting tube and the first conduit are in threaded connection through the connecting tube, so that the connecting tube and the first conduit can rotate with each other, thereby adjusting the length of the waveguide tube; when the second end of the connecting pipe 22 is connected with the second conduit 23 through the pipe thread, at this time, the first end of the connecting pipe 22 is fixedly communicated with the first conduit (can be fixed through welding or threaded connection), and the connecting pipe and the second conduit can rotate mutually through the pipe thread connection between the connecting pipe and the second conduit, so that the effect of adjusting the length of the waveguide is achieved; the waveguide tube adopting the structure has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in disassembly and assembly under the effect of adjusting the length L of the waveguide tube, and has a sealing effect through threaded connection of the tube, so that the risk of medium leakage is avoided.
Specifically, mark the scale on connecting pipe 22, the accessible reads the scale interval to obtain the length L of wave guide, through setting up the scale, when adjusting the length of wave guide, be convenient for acquire the length numerical value of wave guide, the staff's of being convenient for operation.
As shown in fig. 2, the waveguide 2 further includes a sound wave introducing pipe 24 and a sound wave discharging pipe 25, the sound wave introducing pipe 24 is installed at a first end of the first guide pipe 21, and both ends of the sound wave introducing pipe 24 are respectively communicated with the first container 12 and the first guide pipe 21 and are used for introducing the sound wave signal generated by the first transducer 3 into the first guide pipe 21.
An acoustic waveguide 25 is mounted at a second end of the second conduit 23, and two ends of the acoustic waveguide 25 are respectively communicated with the second conduit 23 and the second container 51 and used for guiding the acoustic signal in the second conduit 23 to the second transducer 4.
In actual use, the sound wave signal enters through the sound wave introducing pipe, passes through the media in the sound wave introducing pipe 24, the first guide pipe 21, the connecting pipe 22, the second guide pipe 23 and the sound wave guiding pipe 25 in sequence, and is guided to the second transducer 4 through the sound wave guiding pipe.
Through setting up sound wave inlet tube and sound wave outlet pipe, the scattering and disappearing of sound wave signal can be reduced at the transmission in-process to improve the reliability of sound wave signal transmission.
Specifically, the flow area of the sound wave introducing pipe 24 is gradually reduced along the flow direction of the sound wave signal, so that the sound wave signal is introduced, the flow area of the sound wave introducing pipe is gradually increased along the flow direction of the sound wave signal, so that the sound wave signal is introduced, and meanwhile, the sound wave introducing pipe has the advantage of being simple in structure.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the sound speed measurement method further includes:
s60 provides a thermostat for keeping the medium of the waveguide at a constant temperature to prevent the medium temperature from varying to affect the sound speed measurement.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A measurement system for measuring the speed of sound of a medium in a waveguide, comprising:
signal generating means for generating a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal;
the waveguide tube is internally provided with a medium;
a first transducer located at the first end of the waveguide for receiving the first electrical signal and converting the first electrical signal into an acoustic signal such that the acoustic signal passes from the first end to the second end of the waveguide;
a second transducer located at a second end of the waveguide and converting the acoustic signal into a first converted electrical signal;
an acoustic wave receiving device for receiving the first converted electrical signal and the second electrical signal.
2. A measurement system for measuring the speed of sound of a medium in a waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal generating means comprise:
a signal generator for generating a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal;
the first container is communicated with the first end of the waveguide tube and is used for storing media, and the first transducer is arranged in the first container.
3. A measurement system for measuring the speed of sound of a medium in a waveguide according to claim 2, characterized in that the signal receiving means comprise:
the second container is communicated with the second end of the waveguide tube and is used for storing media, and the second transducer is arranged in the second container;
an oscilloscope receiving the first converted signal and the second signal, respectively.
4. A measurement system for measuring the speed of sound of a medium in a waveguide according to claim 3, characterized in that: the length of the waveguide tube is adjustable;
the waveguide tube comprises a first guide tube, a connecting tube and a second guide tube, wherein the first end of the first guide tube is communicated with the first container, the second end of the second guide tube is communicated with the second container, and two ends of the connecting tube are respectively communicated with the second end of the first guide tube and the first end of the second guide tube;
the connecting pipe is connected with the first guide pipe or the second guide pipe through pipe threads, so that the length of the waveguide pipe is adjustable.
5. A measurement system for measuring the speed of sound of a medium in a waveguide according to claim 4, characterized in that: the waveguide tube also comprises a sound wave leading-in tube and a sound wave leading-out tube, wherein the sound wave leading-in tube is arranged at the first end of the first guide tube and is used for leading sound wave signals generated by the first transducer into the first guide tube;
the sound wave output pipe is arranged at the second end of the second guide pipe and is used for guiding the sound wave signals in the second guide pipe to the second transducer.
6. A measurement system for measuring the speed of sound of a medium in a waveguide according to claim 3, characterized in that: a thermostat for adjusting the temperature of the medium is arranged in the first container.
7. A measurement system for measuring the speed of sound of a medium in a waveguide according to claim 3, characterized in that: the signal generating device further comprises a signal amplifier and an impedance matcher, wherein the signal amplifier and the impedance matcher are sequentially arranged between the signal generator and the first transducer along the first electric signal transmission direction.
8. A measurement system for measuring the speed of sound of a medium in a waveguide according to claim 3, characterized in that: the measuring system further comprises a support, and the first container and the second container are both arranged on the support.
9. A method of measuring a speed of sound, comprising:
providing a signal generator for generating a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal;
providing a first transducer for converting a first electrical signal into an acoustic signal;
providing a waveguide tube, wherein the length of the waveguide tube is L, and the waveguide tube is filled with a medium;
providing a second transducer for converting the acoustic wave signal into a first converted electrical signal;
providing an oscilloscope for receiving the first converted electrical signal and the second electrical signal to obtain a time difference t between the first converted electrical signal and the second electrical signal;
wherein, the sound velocity v of the sound wave in the medium in the waveguide is L/t.
10. The sound speed measurement method according to claim 9, characterized in that: the length L of the waveguide is adjustable.
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