CN114382487B - Non-excavation reverse disassembly method for ultra-deep vertical shaft - Google Patents
Non-excavation reverse disassembly method for ultra-deep vertical shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN114382487B CN114382487B CN202210022375.2A CN202210022375A CN114382487B CN 114382487 B CN114382487 B CN 114382487B CN 202210022375 A CN202210022375 A CN 202210022375A CN 114382487 B CN114382487 B CN 114382487B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000817 safety factor Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000192 social effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D8/00—Shafts not provided for in groups E21D1/00 - E21D7/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a non-excavation reverse disassembly method for an ultra-deep vertical shaft, which comprises the following steps of: 1) Sealing, water stopping and reinforcing soil in a set range below the periphery and the bottom of the ultra-deep vertical shaft; 2) An observation and emergency standby well is arranged on the outer periphery of the reinforced soil body around the vertical shaft; 3) Removing the internal structure of the vertical shaft layer by layer from top to bottom so as to ensure the removal of the working surface; when the internal structure of the vertical shaft is dismantled, dismantling layer by layer to confirm that the supporting structure mainly comprising the outer wall structure of the vertical shaft meets the design requirement; 4) Removing a shaft bottom plate after the soil body is reinforced below the shaft and reaches the design strength; 5) Backfilling and tamping the vertical shaft bottom plate in time after the vertical shaft bottom plate is broken; 6) Starting to perform vertical split ring disassembly from the bottom of the vertical shaft, and performing split block symmetrical disassembly on the transverse head ring; 7) Timely backfilling and tamping the demolition depth range; 8) Repeating the steps 6) to 7), and removing the ring-by-ring backfill from bottom to top until the backfill is removed. The invention has simple construction and high efficiency, can save cost and shorten construction period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of house construction and municipal engineering, and particularly relates to a non-excavation reverse disassembly method for an ultra-deep vertical shaft.
Background
At present, a large number of existing ultra-deep abandoned shafts are left behind in urban underground in China, so that great difficulty is caused to subsequent development of cities, and particularly underground space development. The conventional demolition method of the underground shaft is that the open cut is demolished in order, the open cut is mainly that the slope is put to excavate, excavate a layer, adopt the breaking hammer to break demolish a layer, then the layering is backfilled, this excavate demolishs the method and excavates the large amount, backfill the large, take up space, influence on the surrounding environment greatly, another method of the open cut is that the support excavates, set up the building envelope in the circumference of the shaft before the excavation, install a layer of support, break demolish a layer of structure, then backfill a layer, demolish a layer of support, finally also will pull out the building envelope, this building envelope excavates demolish method excavated amount and backfill amount is smaller than the slope excavation, but support amount is large, the cost is high, construction period is long, demolish and break demolish with breaking hammer, there are vibrations, noise and dust pollution, receive environmental protection restriction more and more.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides the non-excavation reverse disassembly method for the ultra-deep vertical shaft to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and the method is simple and convenient to construct, high in efficiency, capable of saving cost and shortening construction period.
The invention adopts the technical proposal for solving the technical problems in the prior art that: a non-excavation reverse disassembly method facing ultra-deep vertical shafts comprises the following steps:
1) Sealing, water stopping and reinforcing soil in a set range below the periphery and the bottom of the ultra-deep vertical shaft;
2) An observation and emergency standby well is arranged on the outer periphery of the reinforced soil body around the vertical shaft;
3) Removing the internal structure of the vertical shaft layer by layer from top to bottom so as to ensure the removal of the working surface; when the internal structure of the vertical shaft is dismantled, dismantling layer by layer to confirm that the supporting structure mainly comprising the outer wall structure of the vertical shaft meets the design requirement;
4) Removing a shaft bottom plate after the soil body is reinforced below the shaft and reaches the design strength;
5) Backfilling and tamping the vertical shaft bottom plate in time after the vertical shaft bottom plate is broken;
6) Starting to perform vertical split ring disassembly from the bottom of the vertical shaft, and performing split block symmetrical disassembly on the transverse head ring;
7) Timely backfilling and tamping the demolition depth range;
8) Repeating the steps 6) to 7), and removing the ring-by-ring backfill from bottom to top until the backfill is removed.
Step 3), design checking calculation is needed before demolishing, whether the outer side well wall of the vertical shaft meets the requirements of strength, deformation and stability of the supporting structure under the condition of reverse demolishing after demolishing the inner structure of the vertical shaft, if not, temporary supporting reinforcing measures are adopted, meanwhile, on the premise that enough demolishing working surfaces are obtained after demolishing part of the inner structure of the vertical shaft, the necessity of demolishing other part of the inner structure of the vertical shaft is determined, and whether the inner side well wall of the vertical shaft can be demolished together with the outer side well wall of the vertical shaft as a part of the supporting structure, if so, the inner structure of the part of the vertical shaft is reserved.
And 6), controlling the height of each ring to be 750-1500 mm, wherein the specific value is determined according to the space effect of the scale of the vertical shaft, the hydrogeological condition and the safety factor of the well wall.
And 7), backfilling the bagged soil in a layered manner.
And 6), the blocking method is hole washing cutting, rope saw cutting or combined hole washing and rope saw cutting.
And 1) grouting or spin-spraying to strengthen the steel plate.
And 2) the observation and emergency standby well is a pipe well.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the vertical shaft self structure is used as an enclosure structure during demolition, non-excavation is realized, a supporting structure is not required to be arranged separately, reverse demolition is performed from bottom to top, filling is performed while demolition is performed, backfilling is performed, the construction method is ingenious and simple, demolition efficiency can be improved, demolition cost is saved, demolition period is shortened, demolition safety is guaranteed, the problems of large excavation amount, large backfill amount, large occupied area, large supporting amount, high manufacturing cost, long construction period, vibration crushing demolition, vibration, noise, dust pollution and the like of a traditional demolition method are solved, safe demolition, rapid demolition and economic demolition of an ultra-deep vertical shaft are realized, and obvious economic and social effects are achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a shaft structure to which the present invention is applied;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a shaft outside reinforcement and observation and backup well;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reinforced and observed, alternate well outside of a shaft;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a shaft floor breaking backfill;
FIG. 5 is a vertical split ring split block section;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a lateral segment;
FIG. 7 is a split ring removal first ring backfill schematic;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of split ring removal of a second ring backfill;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the completed backfill for shaft removal.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-shaft outer side well walls, 2-shaft inner structures, 3-shaft bottom plates, 4-shaft surrounding reinforced soil bodies, 5-observation and emergency standby wells, 6-shaft lower reinforced soil bodies, 7-bottom plate backfill, 8-well wall ring division and block division, 9-shaft outer wall first ring backfill, 10-shaft outer wall second ring backfill and 11-shaft upper backfill.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, its features and advantages, reference is now made to the following examples, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:
referring to fig. 1 to 9, a non-excavation reverse disassembly method for an ultra-deep vertical shaft comprises the following steps:
1) Sealing, water stopping and reinforcing soil body in set range below periphery and bottom of ultra-deep vertical shaft
Grouting or rotary spraying reinforcement is carried out on soil mass in a set range below the periphery of the outer side well wall 1 and the bottom plate 3 of the ultra-deep shaft, and a closed surrounding reinforced soil mass 4 and a lower reinforced soil mass 6 of the shaft are formed outside the ultra-deep shaft. The reinforcement process and the reinforcement range are reasonably determined by combining the underground soil layer characteristics of the place where the vertical shaft is located and the engineering water level geological conditions through calculation and rechecking, so that the soil body on the outer side of the vertical shaft is reinforced, the reinforced soil body plays a good water stopping effect at the same time, and a safe operation condition and a proper operation environment are created for reverse disassembly of the vertical shaft.
2) Outside periphery of reinforced soil around vertical shaft is provided with observation and emergency standby well
The observation and emergency standby well 5 is arranged around the outer side of the reinforced soil body 4 around the vertical shaft, the observation and emergency standby well 5 is generally a pipe well, the well body structure is generally a sand-free pipe or a steel well pipe, the observation is to monitor the change of the groundwater level around the vertical shaft, the emergency standby is to perform emergency water pumping and draining when leakage occurs in the dismantling process of the vertical shaft structure, the groundwater level is lowered below an operation surface, and an emergency control measure is set for the dismantling operation.
3) Removing the internal structure of the vertical shaft layer by layer from top to bottom so as to ensure the removal of the working surface; when the internal structure of the vertical shaft is dismantled, the supporting structure mainly comprising the outer wall structure of the vertical shaft is dismantled layer by layer to confirm that the supporting structure meets the design requirement
The design checking calculation is needed before gradually removing the shaft inner structure 2 from top to bottom, if the shaft outer side well wall 1 after removing the shaft inner structure 2 meets the requirements of strength, deformation and stability of the supporting structure under the reverse removing condition, if not, temporary supporting reinforcing measures are adopted, meanwhile, the necessity of removing other part of the shaft inner structure 2 is determined on the premise that enough removing working surface is obtained after removing part of the shaft inner structure, if so, the shaft inner structure can be removed together with the shaft outer side well wall as a part of the supporting structure, and if so, the part of the shaft inner structure is reserved. The demolishing construction is orderly carried out, so that the stability and safety of the vertical shaft structure are ensured.
4) After the soil body is reinforced below the vertical shaft and reaches the design strength, the vertical shaft bottom plate is removed
After the soil body 6 is reinforced below the vertical shaft to reach the design strength, the vertical shaft bottom plate 3 is removed, the soil body 6 is reinforced below the vertical shaft to play a role in sealing water and bottom for reinforcement, the soil body strength is required to meet the requirement of the anti-surging stability of the confined aquifer under the shaft bottom, the vertical shaft bottom plate 3 can be broken only after the requirement is met, otherwise, the surging of the confined aquifer under the shaft bottom can be caused, the normal safety of the removing work and the safety of the surrounding environment are seriously influenced, and therefore the bottom plate 3 can be removed after the soil body 6 is reinforced below the vertical shaft to meet the strength requirement.
5) And after the vertical shaft bottom plate 3 is broken, backfilling and tamping are timely carried out, and the space after the bottom plate is removed is filled with bottom plate backfill 7.
6) Vertical split ring detachment is carried out from the bottom of the vertical shaft, and the transverse head ring split blocks are symmetrically detached
The vertical split rings mainly determine the dismantling height of each ring, and comprehensively consider factors such as space effect of the scale of a vertical shaft, hydrogeological conditions, safety of a well wall and the like, wherein the height of each ring is generally controlled to be 750-1500 mm.
The size of the well wall ring-dividing and blocking 8 is comprehensively considered, and the safety and convenience of cutting, changing, hoisting and transportation are realized; the block dismantling should be symmetrically performed, and the emphasis on symmetry is mainly to make the borehole wall structure symmetrically and uniformly stressed. The method for blocking can select hole washing cutting, rope sawing cutting or combined hole washing and rope sawing cutting, a vertical shaft is lifted out by a crane after the blocking is cut, the lifting process ensures that safety protection measures are in place, and finally the vertical shaft is transported to a designated place by a loading and unloading vehicle for breaking.
7) Timely backfilling and tamping the demolition depth range;
timely backfilling and tamping are conducted in layers within the dismantling depth range, timely backfilling within the dismantling depth range is mainly used for preventing untimely backfilling, a shaft enclosure structure is in an empty state for a long time and is an unsafe working condition, timely backfilling is needed, and preferably backfilling is needed along with dismantling, backfilling soil 9 is filled at the bottom of a shaft by utilizing the first ring of the outer wall of the shaft, and meanwhile, the supporting effect is achieved on the outer wall of the remaining shaft. The backfilling can be performed by adopting bagged soil for layered backfilling, and the filling speed is high and the backfilling effect is good.
8) Repeating the steps 6) to 7), and removing the ring-by-ring backfill from bottom to top until the backfill is removed.
Repeating the steps 6) to 7), after the second ring of the split ring is removed, backfilling the second ring backfill 10 of the outer wall of the shaft on the first ring backfill 9 of the outer wall of the shaft, and the like until the construction of the backfill 11 of the upper part of the shaft is completed.
The ultra-deep shaft is a shaft with the embedding depth of more than 5 m and the depth of 5-50 m, the economic benefit is more remarkable when the ultra-deep shaft is adopted, the ultra-deep shaft can be a round, annular, square and rectangular reinforced concrete cast-in-situ shaft, and the prefabricated or prestressed assembled shaft structure can also be reversely dismantled without excavation by referring to the invention.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims, which are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The non-excavation reverse disassembly method for the ultra-deep vertical shaft is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Sealing, water stopping and reinforcing are carried out on soil bodies in a set range below the periphery and the bottom of an ultra-deep vertical shaft, and the reinforcing process and the reinforcing range are required to be combined with the characteristics of the underground soil layer of the place where the vertical shaft is located and engineering geological conditions, so that the safe dismantling operation environment is ensured;
2) An observation and emergency standby well is arranged on the periphery of the outer side of the reinforced soil body around the vertical shaft and used for dynamically controlling the relative relation between the underground water level and the dismantling operation surface, and the emergency standby well is started as required;
3) Removing the internal structure of the vertical shaft layer by layer from top to bottom so as to ensure the removal of the working surface; when the internal structure of the vertical shaft is dismantled, dismantling layer by layer to confirm that the supporting structure mainly comprising the outer wall structure of the vertical shaft meets the design requirement;
4) Removing a shaft bottom plate after the soil body is reinforced below the shaft and reaches the design strength;
5) Backfilling and tamping the shaft bottom plate in time after the shaft bottom plate is broken to form a first-ring working surface;
6) Starting to vertically divide the ring to expand the well wall to remove according to the evaluation and calculation result from the bottom of the vertical shaft, strictly controlling the ring height, transversely dividing the well wall symmetrically, comprehensively considering the construction condition to determine the block size, and ensuring symmetrical and synchronous removal in the construction process;
7) The well wall backfilling is carried out along with the block body disassembly and filling, the filling soil at the block body part is used for supporting the undetached upper part to form a stable structure, and simultaneously, the rest parts in the disassembly depth range are backfilled and tamped in time;
8) Repeating the steps 6) to 7), removing the material from the bottom to the top in a ring-by-ring mode, backfilling the material in a ring-by-block mode until the removal and backfilling are completed.
2. The non-excavation reverse disassembly method for ultra-deep shafts according to claim 1, wherein the step 3) is performed before disassembly, and the design checking is performed to determine whether the outer side wall of the shaft meets the strength, deformation and stability requirements as a supporting structure under the reverse disassembly condition after the inner structure of the shaft is disassembled, if not, temporary supporting reinforcement measures are adopted, and on the premise that a part of the inner structure of the shaft is disassembled, the necessity of disassembling the inner structure of the other part of the shaft is determined on the premise that enough disassembly working surface is obtained, and if so, the outer side wall of the shaft can be disassembled together with the outer side wall of the shaft as a part of the supporting structure, the inner structure of the part of the shaft is reserved.
3. The non-excavation reverse disassembly method for ultra-deep shafts according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6), the height of each ring is controlled to be 750-1500 mm, and specific values are determined according to the spatial effect of the shaft scale, the hydrogeological conditions and the safety factors of the well wall.
4. The non-excavation reverse disassembly method for ultra-deep shafts according to claim 1, wherein in the step 7), bagged soil is adopted for layered backfilling, so that backfilling efficiency is improved.
5. The non-excavation reverse disassembly method for ultra-deep shafts according to claim 1, wherein the block separation method is hole-washing cutting, rope sawing or hole-washing and rope sawing combined cutting in step 6).
6. The non-excavation reverse disassembly method for ultra-deep shafts according to claim 1, wherein the step 1) adopts grouting or spin-jet reinforcement.
7. The non-excavation reverse disassembly method for ultra-deep shafts according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) is a tube well as an observation and emergency backup well.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210022375.2A CN114382487B (en) | 2022-01-10 | 2022-01-10 | Non-excavation reverse disassembly method for ultra-deep vertical shaft |
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| CN202210022375.2A CN114382487B (en) | 2022-01-10 | 2022-01-10 | Non-excavation reverse disassembly method for ultra-deep vertical shaft |
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| CN114382487A CN114382487A (en) | 2022-04-22 |
| CN114382487B true CN114382487B (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4011212B2 (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2007-11-21 | 西松建設株式会社 | Construction method of shaft |
| CN105672327B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-10-17 | 郑州安源工程技术有限公司 | A kind of design and construction method of minor diameter vertical shaft high polymer grouting excavation supporting structure |
| CN107034893A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-11 | 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 | Shaft construction method |
| CN113445547A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-28 | 上海华夏波纹钢研究院 | Vertical shaft capable of being rapidly disassembled and assembled and construction method thereof |
| CN112323823B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2021-10-22 | 中冶集团武汉勘察研究院有限公司 | Filling device and method for waste air-raid shelter of pile foundation construction site |
| CN212837803U (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2021-03-30 | 山东联创矿业设计有限公司 | Abandonment backfill shaft |
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