CN114381632A - Novel titanium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel titanium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114381632A CN114381632A CN202011123931.2A CN202011123931A CN114381632A CN 114381632 A CN114381632 A CN 114381632A CN 202011123931 A CN202011123931 A CN 202011123931A CN 114381632 A CN114381632 A CN 114381632A
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002059 quaternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the titanium alloy comprises the following alloy elements in percentage by weight: al: 4.5% -6.5%, Mo: 4.0% -6.5%, V: 3.5% -5.5%, Cr: 4.0% -5.0%, Nb: 3.5 to 5.0 percent, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurity elements. The preparation method of the alloy comprises the following specific steps: preparing materials according to alloy components; uniformly mixing the raw materials by a mixing and distributing machine; extruding the uniformly mixed raw materials into an integral vacuum consumable electrode by a large-tonnage oil press; carrying out three times of smelting in a vacuum consumable smelting furnace. The invention has the advantages that: beta-Ti isomorphous elements Mo, Nb and beta-Ti slow eutectoid element Cr are introduced in a form of intermediate alloy, so that the segregation caused by incomplete melting of high-melting-point elements is avoided; the Al equivalent and the Mo equivalent are increased, the material strength is improved, and the plasticity, toughness and hot workability of the material are improved; the integral vacuum consumable electrode is prepared by a large-tonnage oil press, and the defects of impurities, infirm welding and the like in the welding process of the conventional titanium alloy vacuum consumable electrode are overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy and processing thereof, and particularly relates to a novel titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The titanium alloy has excellent comprehensive properties of low density, high specific strength, corrosion resistance and the like, is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, navigation, chemical engineering and the like, is known as third-generation metal, is an important structural metal, and is also an important strategic metal material. Titanium alloys can be classified into α -type, near- α -type, (α + β) -type, near- β -type and β -type titanium alloys according to the structure obtained after the heat treatment. The crystal structure of the alpha-type titanium alloy is a close-packed hexagonal structure, so the plasticity of the alpha-type titanium alloy is poor; the crystal structure of the beta type titanium alloy is a body-centered cubic structure, and the plasticity and the toughness of the beta type titanium alloy are superior to those of the alpha type titanium alloy. The TA17(Ti-4Al-2V) titanium alloy is a near-alpha type titanium alloy, has the advantages of both alpha type and (alpha + beta) type titanium alloys, has excellent welding and water corrosion resistance and other good comprehensive properties, and is mainly applied to the fields of ships, chemical engineering, aviation and the like. However, the plasticity of the TA17 titanium alloy is lower than that of other alpha-type titanium alloys, so that the hot forming difficulty is high, and the problems of cracking, uneven structure and the like are easy to occur; the TA17 titanium alloy is easy to oxidize at high temperature, and the generated oxide layer has large brittleness, which leads to the reduction of the service life of the TA17 titanium alloy. In order to solve the problems, a novel titanium alloy is designed and synthesized on the basis of TA17, so that the titanium alloy has high plasticity, toughness and high-temperature oxidation resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a novel titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the novel titanium alloy improves the strength of the material and improves the plasticity, toughness, hot workability and weldability of the material by introducing beta-Ti stabilizing elements Mo, Cr and Nb.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a novel titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the content (wt%) of alloy elements of the novel titanium alloy is as follows: al: 4.5% -6.5%, Mo: 4.0% -6.5%, V: 3.5% -5.5%, Cr: 4.0% -5.0%, Nb: 3.5 to 5.0 percent, the balance being Ti and inevitable impurity elements, the content of single impurity elements is not more than 0.10 percent, and the total content of impurity elements is not more than 0.30 percent.
Furthermore, alloying elements Al, Mo, V, Cr and Nb are added in a form of intermediate alloy, and Ti is added in a form of granular titanium sponge.
Further, the intermediate alloy includes AlMo alloy, AlV alloy, NbTi alloy and AlMoVCr quaternary alloy.
Furthermore, the master alloy is granular, the granularity range is 0.05-10 mm, and the granularity range of granular titanium sponge is 0.83-25.4 mm.
Further, the method comprises the steps of:
selecting raw materials according to components of the titanium alloy, and weighing corresponding raw materials according to the titanium alloy proportion;
step two, putting the raw materials weighed in the step one into a mixer for uniform mixing;
step three, putting the uniformly mixed raw materials in the step two into a large-tonnage oil press to be pressed into an integral vacuum consumable electrode;
and step four, putting the integral vacuum consumable electrode obtained in the step three into a vacuum consumable smelting furnace for vacuum smelting for three times to obtain the novel titanium alloy ingot.
Further, the parameters of the third vacuum melting in the fourth step are as follows:
smelting for the first time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 3.0Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 1.0Pa, the smelting voltage is 28-40V, the smelting current is 16-26 KA, and the arc stabilizing current is 3.0-10A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 3-5 hours;
smelting for the second time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 2.0Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 1.0Pa, the smelting voltage is 32-45V, the smelting current is 18-28 KA, and the arc stabilizing current is 5.0-12A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 4-6 hours;
and smelting for the third time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 1.8Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.5Pa, the smelting voltage is 35-40V, the smelting current is 20-28 KA, and the arc stabilizing current is 8.0-16A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 6-10 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) high-melting-point elements such as Mo, Nb, V and Cr are introduced in an intermediate alloy form, the content and the particle size range of the elements are strictly controlled, the problem of alloying of the high-melting-point elements is effectively avoided, and the segregation defect caused by incomplete melting of the high-melting-point elements such as Mo and Nb is reduced.
(2) beta-Ti isomorphous elements Mo, Nb and beta-Ti slow eutectoid elements Cr are introduced, Al equivalent and Mo equivalent are increased, and the plasticity, toughness, hot workability and weldability of the material are improved while the strength of the material is improved.
(3) The integral vacuum consumable electrode is prepared by a large-tonnage oil press, and the defects of inclusion, infirm welding and the like of the conventional titanium alloy vacuum consumable electrode in the plasma welding process are overcome.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are illustrative based on the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1:
the invention provides a novel titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the content (wt%) of alloy elements of the novel titanium alloy is as follows: al: 4.5% -6.5%, Mo: 4.0% -6.5%, V: 3.5% -5.5%, Cr: 4.0% -5.0%, Nb: 3.5 to 5.0 percent, the balance being Ti and inevitable impurity elements, the content of single impurity elements is not more than 0.10 percent, and the total content of impurity elements is not more than 0.30 percent.
Furthermore, the alloy elements Al, Mo, V, Cr and Nb are added in the form of granular master alloys such as AlMo alloy, AlV alloy, NbTi alloy, AlMoVCr alloy and the like, the granularity range is 0.05-10 mm, and Ti is added in the form of granular sponge titanium with the granularity range of 0.83-25.4 mm.
Further, the preparation method of the novel titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing materials:
calculating the proportion according to the components of the titanium alloy, weighing the corresponding raw materials, and putting the raw materials into a mixer for uniform mixing;
step two, preparing an integral vacuum consumable electrode:
putting the uniformly mixed raw materials into a large-tonnage oil press to be pressed into an integral vacuum consumable electrode;
step three, carrying out three times of vacuum melting by adopting a vacuum consumable melting furnace:
smelting for the first time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 3.0Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 1.0Pa, the smelting voltage is 28-40V, the smelting current is 16-26 KA, and the arc stabilizing current is 3.0-10A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 3-5 hours;
smelting for the second time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 2.0Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 1.0Pa, the smelting voltage is 32-45V, the smelting current is 18-28 KA, and the arc stabilizing current is 5.0-12A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 4-6 hours;
and smelting for the third time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 1.8Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.5Pa, the smelting voltage is 35-40V, the smelting current is 20-28 KA, and the arc stabilizing current is 8.0-16A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 6-10 hours.
Example 2:
the invention provides a novel titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the content (wt%) of alloy elements of the novel titanium alloy is as follows: al: 4.0%, Mo: 5.0%, V: 3.5%, Cr: 4.0%, Nb: 3.5 percent, the balance being Ti and inevitable impurity elements, the content of single impurity elements is not more than 0.10 percent, and the total content of impurity elements is not more than 0.30 percent.
Furthermore, the alloy elements Al, Mo, V, Cr and Nb are added in the form of granular master alloys such as AlMo alloy, AlV alloy, NbTi alloy, AlMoVCr alloy and the like, the granularity range is 0.05-10 mm, and Ti is added in the form of granular sponge titanium with the granularity range of 0.83-25.4 mm.
Further, the preparation method of the novel titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing materials:
calculating the proportion according to the components of the titanium alloy, weighing the corresponding raw materials, and putting the raw materials into a mixer for uniform mixing;
step two, preparing an integral vacuum consumable electrode:
putting the uniformly mixed raw materials into a large-tonnage oil press to be pressed into an integral vacuum consumable electrode;
step three, carrying out three times of vacuum melting by adopting a vacuum consumable melting furnace:
smelting for the first time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 2.8Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.8Pa, the smelting voltage is 28V, the smelting current is 16KA, the arc stabilizing current is 4.0-6.0A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 5 hours;
smelting for the second time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 1.8Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.8Pa, the smelting voltage is 38V, the smelting current is 20KA, the arc stabilizing current is 6.0-8.0A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 6 hours;
and smelting for the third time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 0.5Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.5Pa, the smelting voltage is 35V, the smelting current is 22KA, the arc stabilizing current is 8.0-10.0A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 8 hours.
Example 3:
the invention provides a novel titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the content (wt%) of alloy elements of the novel titanium alloy is as follows: al: 5.0%, Mo: 5.5%, V: 4.5%, Cr: 4.5%, Nb: 4.0 percent, the balance being Ti and inevitable impurity elements, the content of single impurity elements is not more than 0.10 percent, and the total content of impurity elements is not more than 0.30 percent.
Furthermore, the alloy elements Al, Mo, V, Cr and Nb are added in the form of granular master alloys such as AlMo alloy, AlV alloy, NbTi alloy, AlMoVCr alloy and the like, the granularity range is 0.05-10 mm, and Ti is added in the form of granular sponge titanium with the granularity range of 0.83-25.4 mm.
Further, the preparation method of the novel titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing materials:
calculating the proportion according to the components of the titanium alloy, weighing the corresponding raw materials, and putting the raw materials into a mixer for uniform mixing;
step two, preparing an integral vacuum consumable electrode:
putting the uniformly mixed raw materials into a large-tonnage oil press to be pressed into an integral vacuum consumable electrode;
step three, carrying out three times of vacuum melting by adopting a vacuum consumable melting furnace:
smelting for the first time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 2.8Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.8Pa, the smelting voltage is 32V, the smelting current is 20KA, the arc stabilizing current is 6.0-8.0A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 5 hours;
smelting for the second time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 1.8Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.8Pa, the smelting voltage is 40V, the smelting current is 24KA, the arc stabilizing current is 10.0-12.0A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 6 hours;
and smelting for the third time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 0.5Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.5Pa, the smelting voltage is 38V, the smelting current is 26KA, the arc stabilizing current is 14.0-16.0A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 8 hours.
Example 4:
the invention provides a novel titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the content (wt%) of alloy elements of the novel titanium alloy is as follows: al: 6.5%, Mo: 6.0%, V: 5.0%, Cr: 5.0%, Nb: 5.0 percent, the balance being Ti and inevitable impurity elements, the content of single impurity elements is not more than 0.10 percent, and the total content of impurity elements is not more than 0.30 percent.
Furthermore, the alloy elements Al, Mo, V, Cr and Nb are added in the form of granular master alloys such as AlMo alloy, AlV alloy, NbTi alloy, AlMoVCr alloy and the like, the granularity range is 0.05-10 mm, and Ti is added in the form of granular sponge titanium with the granularity range of 0.83-25.4 mm.
Further, the preparation method of the novel titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing materials:
calculating the proportion according to the components of the titanium alloy, weighing the corresponding raw materials, and putting the raw materials into a mixer for uniform mixing;
step two, preparing an integral vacuum consumable electrode:
putting the uniformly mixed raw materials into a large-tonnage oil press to be pressed into an integral vacuum consumable electrode;
step three, carrying out three times of vacuum melting by adopting a vacuum consumable melting furnace:
smelting for the first time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 2.8Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.8Pa, the smelting voltage is 38V, the smelting current is 24KA, the arc stabilizing current is 8.0-10.0A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 5 hours;
smelting for the second time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 1.8Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.8Pa, the smelting voltage is 45V, the smelting current is 28KA, the arc stabilizing current is 10.0-12.0A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 6 hours;
and smelting for the third time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 0.5Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.5Pa, the smelting voltage is 40V, the smelting current is 28KA, the arc stabilizing current is 14.0-16.0A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 10 hours.
Claims (6)
1. The novel titanium alloy and the preparation method thereof are characterized in that the content (wt%) of alloy elements of the titanium alloy is as follows: al: 4.5% -6.5%, Mo: 4.0% -6.5%, V: 3.5% -5.5%, Cr: 4.0% -5.0%, Nb: 3.5 to 5.0 percent, the balance being Ti and inevitable impurity elements, the content of single impurity elements is not more than 0.10 percent, and the total content of impurity elements is not more than 0.30 percent.
2. The novel titanium alloy and the method for preparing the same according to claim 1, wherein the alloying elements Al, Mo, V, Cr, Nb are added in the form of master alloy, and Ti is added in the form of granular titanium sponge.
3. The novel titanium alloy and the method of manufacturing the same as claimed in claim 2, wherein said master alloy is selected from the group consisting of AlMo alloy, AlV alloy, NbTi alloy and AlMoVCr quaternary alloy.
4. A novel titanium alloy and its preparation method as claimed in claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the master alloy is in the form of particles with a size range of 0.05-10 mm and the particle sponge titanium with a size range of 0.83-25.4 mm.
5. The novel titanium alloy and method of making the same as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
selecting raw materials according to components of the titanium alloy, and weighing corresponding raw materials according to the titanium alloy proportion;
step two, putting the raw materials weighed in the step one into a mixer for uniform mixing;
step three, putting the uniformly mixed raw materials in the step two into a large-tonnage oil press to be pressed into an integral consumable electrode;
and step four, putting the integral consumable electrode obtained in the step three into a vacuum consumable smelting furnace for vacuum smelting for three times to obtain the novel titanium alloy ingot.
6. The novel titanium alloy and the preparation method thereof according to claim 5, wherein the parameters of the three times of vacuum melting in the fourth step are as follows:
smelting for the first time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 3.0Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 1.0Pa, the smelting voltage is 28-40V, the smelting current is 16-26 KA, and the arc stabilizing current is 3.0-10A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 3-5 hours;
smelting for the second time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 2.0Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 1.0Pa, the smelting voltage is 32-45V, the smelting current is 18-28 KA, and the arc stabilizing current is 5.0-12A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 4-6 hours;
and smelting for the third time, wherein the vacuum degree before smelting is less than or equal to 1.8Pa, the gas leakage rate is less than or equal to 0.5Pa, the smelting voltage is 35-40V, the smelting current is 20-28 KA, and the arc stabilizing current is 8.0-16A, and the ingot obtained by smelting is air-cooled for 6-10 hours.
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Citations (2)
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CN106119606A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-11-16 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of WSTi45561 superhigh intensity titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
CN110724852A (en) * | 2019-10-13 | 2020-01-24 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | WSTi1400 ultrahigh-strength titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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CN106119606A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-11-16 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of WSTi45561 superhigh intensity titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
CN110724852A (en) * | 2019-10-13 | 2020-01-24 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | WSTi1400 ultrahigh-strength titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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