CN114380551A - Artificial baking-free solid ceramsite and ceramsite concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Artificial baking-free solid ceramsite and ceramsite concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
- C04B14/42—Glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/021—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates agglomerated by a mineral binder, e.g. cement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention provides artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite and ceramsite concrete and a preparation method thereof. The artificial unfired solid ceramsite is prepared from materials such as waste ash in the casting industry, cement, glass fiber, water and the like, can replace small stone aggregate in concrete to be applied to the concrete, does not influence the strength of the concrete, and can improve the strength of the concrete to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to artificial non-fired solid ceramsite and ceramsite concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Concrete is the most widely used building material at present, and particularly relates to an engineering system material which is formed by cementing aggregate into a whole by using a cementing material. The concrete material has the advantages of easy preparation, simple construction, low cost, wide application and the like, and is widely applied to roads, bridges and various buildings.
The traditional concrete is mainly prepared by stirring and mixing cement, powder, coarse aggregate, small stone aggregate, water, additives and the like. The small stone aggregate is prepared by artificially crushing natural ores. The consumption of concrete is larger, and the demand for small stone aggregate is also larger. However, natural ore belongs to natural resources, and the control is serious, so that the supply of small stone aggregate for concrete is tense.
The Chinese patent with application number of CN201510475964.6 utilizes feldspar powder and clay to be mixed and calcined to form particles with the particle size of less than 25mm, and the particles directly replace part of small stone aggregates to be applied to concrete. However, the feldspar powder adopted in the technology needs to be milled, the aggregate needs to be calcined during later-stage preparation, natural resources are damaged by feldspar exploitation, and a large amount of energy is consumed in the calcining process, so that the technical route belongs to a process with heavy pollution and high energy consumption on the whole, and is contrary to the current environmental protection policy.
Chinese patent application No. CN201911393842.7 discloses that in the technology of preparing concrete from waste concrete blocks, the waste concrete blocks are used formally after being subjected to various treatments such as washing, crushing, metal separation and surface treatment, and the material is mainly used as a coarse aggregate instead of crushed stone, and the obtained concrete has excellent comprehensive properties. However, the waste concrete blocks need to be subjected to a complicated treatment process to be put into use, and the treatment process is excessively complicated, and links such as sewage treatment and acid washing are involved. Therefore, the technology of the patent can cause secondary pollution while reusing the waste concrete.
The Chinese patent with publication number CN109928684A discloses a concrete and a preparation process thereof, and the patent technology indicates that: in order to overcome the defects of the recycled aggregate, the recycled aggregate needs to be placed in acid liquor for soaking, pretreatment for joint filling and other operation processes, and the modified recycled aggregate can be directly used in concrete. Obviously, the treatment process of the recycled aggregate in the technical route of the patent is troublesome, and the generated sewage needs to be further treated.
Therefore, a novel concrete small stone aggregate substitute material with more environment-friendly process route is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the artificial non-fired solid ceramsite and the ceramsite concrete and the preparation method thereof need to be provided, the artificial non-fired solid ceramsite is directly prepared from materials such as waste ash and the like in the casting industry, and can replace small stone aggregate for preparing concrete, and the process route is more environment-friendly.
Casting dust removal ash and waste sand regeneration dust removal ash in the casting industry belong to solid waste in the industry and mainly comprise quartz powder, metal powder, coal powder and the like. The interior of the industry cannot be effectively treated and is forcibly abandoned, the long-term stacking of the solid wastes causes serious pollution to air, water and soil, and occupies most of land resources for a long time, thereby causing waste. Therefore, how to reasonably and effectively utilize the waste foundry ash and the reclaimed sand dedusting ash is necessary to be researched and the waste materials are changed into valuable materials. The invention provides a technology for preparing ceramsite by utilizing casting waste ash or waste sand regenerated dedusting ash and applying the ceramsite to concrete by replacing broken stones as aggregates.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite which is prepared by granulating and curing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of casting industrial waste ash, 20-30 parts of cement, 2-5 parts of glass fiber, 20-25 parts of water and 0-6 parts of an additive; the foundry industry waste ash material is selected from foundry waste ash or foundry waste sand regenerated dust-removing ash.
In some embodiments, the additive is selected from VAE rubber powder, a water reducing agent and an early strength agent in a weight ratio of (1-5): (0.1-0.5).
In some embodiments, the preparation process of the artificial unfired solid ceramsite comprises the following steps: putting water and an additive into liquid stirring equipment, and continuously stirring and mixing to obtain a first mixed material; adding the casting industry waste ash, cement and glass fiber into the first mixed material, and continuously stirring to obtain a semi-wet material; transferring the semi-wet material into a disc type granulation device for granulation, and preparing material balls with the particle size of 5-20 mm; and maintaining the pellets to obtain a ceramsite finished product.
In some embodiments, the artificial unfired solid-core ceramsite has a particle size of 5-20mm and a water content of 3-5%.
The invention also provides application of the artificial non-fired solid ceramsite in preparation of concrete by replacing small stone aggregates, and preferably 10-100% of the small stone aggregates are replaced to prepare the concrete.
The invention also provides ceramsite concrete which is prepared by adopting the artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite instead of small stone aggregate.
The ceramsite concrete is C30 and C30 below-labeled concrete. Preferably, the slump of the C30 ceramsite concrete is 210-230 mm, the 28D strength is 32-45 Mpa, and the expansion degree is 450 mm-650 mm.
In some embodiments, the ceramsite concrete is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of artificial unfired solid ceramsite (5-20mm), 5-10 parts of cement, 1-5 parts of fly ash, 2-5 parts of water, 0.2-0.3 part of water reducing agent, 10-35 parts of medium stone (with the particle size of 20-35 mm), 5-15 parts of river sand and 10-20 parts of machine-made sand.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ceramsite concrete, which comprises the following steps: putting the artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite, the middlings, the river sand and the machine-made sand into stirring equipment for stirring to obtain a first mixed material; adding cement and fly ash into the first mixed material, and stirring to obtain a second mixed material; and under the condition of continuous stirring, mixing water and the water reducing agent, and then adding the mixture into the second mixed material for multiple times to obtain the water reducing agent.
In some of these examples, water and water reducing agent were mixed and added to the second mixed material in 3 portions.
In some embodiments, the stirring speed in each step is controlled to be 200-500R/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) compared with the prior art, the invention realizes the preparation of the artificial non-fired solid ceramsite capable of replacing small stone aggregate and used for preparing concrete by utilizing the foundry industry waste ash, cement and glass fiber, the particle size can be controlled within the range of 5-20mm, and the water absorption can be controlled within the range of 3-5%. The artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite disclosed by the invention is round in particle shape, when the artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite is used as aggregate, the condition that strength is reduced due to internal stress generated on a matrix by sharp corners of natural gravels and the like is avoided, the circular structure can also increase the fluidity of ceramsite concrete, and particularly the pumping efficiency can be improved while pumping construction is carried out. The artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite in the ceramsite concrete mainly replaces small stone aggregate, and does not cause excessive influence on the grain size distribution in the concrete while replacing broken stone. The artificial non-fired solid ceramsite is adopted, and the middle stone aggregate is not replaced, so that the strength of the concrete is not damaged, the pellet shape is rounded, and the strength of the concrete can be improved to a certain degree. When the water content of the ceramsite is ensured to be certain, the condition that the ceramsite absorbs the water in the concrete can be avoided in the concrete mixing process, and the performance of the ceramsite concrete is not influenced.
(2) The artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite provided by the invention mainly utilizes the gelation effect of cement to bond the casting waste ash or the waste sand regeneration dust removal ash into a whole, and the added glass fiber becomes a framework in the ceramsite, thereby playing a role in enhancing and toughening. The ceramsite is bonded and formed by the cementing effect of cement, is insoluble in water, and does not generate water-soluble heavy metal ions and other pollution environments in the using process. The raw materials of the ceramsite in the preparation process are cement, and the ceramsite and the cement in the concrete have natural affinity, so that the slurry and the ceramsite can be well coated together. The preparation process of the artificial unfired solid ceramsite is environment-friendly, realizes recycling of solid wastes, and is beneficial to environmental protection. The surface of the artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite of the invention is uneven, and the complete combination of the ceramsite and the concrete matrix after the concrete is formed can be ensured.
(3) The artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite provided by the invention utilizes solid wastes of a manufacturing factory or a waste sand regeneration factory, the production process does not involve the damage of natural environment and resources of broken stone exploitation, and the cost is not increased basically. The stone can be used after simple artificial granulation and maintenance processes, and the cost is much lower than that of natural stones. Meanwhile, the artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite is light in texture, light in weight under the same volume condition and capable of reducing energy consumption in the transportation process. The comprehensive use cost of the ceramsite concrete is lower than that of the conventional concrete, so that the ceramsite concrete has good economic benefit.
(4) The ceramsite concrete provided by the invention has excellent performance, the slump is 210-230 mm, the 28D strength is 32-45 Mpa, the expansion degree is 450 mm-650 mm, the slump and the expansion degree are not greatly different from those of the conventional concrete with the same specification, and the compressive strength of the ceramsite concrete is superior to that of the conventional concrete.
(5) Compared with the conventional concrete, the ceramsite has relatively light weight, the concrete has light volume weight, the poured concrete structural member has light weight, and the pressure born by the foundation is much smaller. The ceramsite concrete can also improve the bearing capacity of a concrete structure on the premise of meeting the use requirements of actual working conditions.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific examples so that those skilled in the art can more clearly understand the present invention.
The following examples are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the specific embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.
In the examples of the present invention, all the raw material components are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art, unless otherwise specified; in the examples of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all technical means used are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
The specific materials used in the examples are illustrated:
casting waste ash: casting dust removal ash and waste sand regeneration dust removal ash in the casting industry belong to solid waste in the industry and mainly comprise quartz powder, metal powder, coal powder and the like.
Cement: 425 cement. Glass fiber: 2-5 mm glass fiber.
Water reducing agent: j85 type water reducing agent. Early strength agent: calcium chloride.
The rest raw materials are all sold on the market in a conventional way.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite, which comprises the following raw materials:
| name of raw materials | Dosage (parts) |
| Waste casting ash | 52 |
| Cement | 28 |
| Glass fiber | 3.5 |
| VAE rubber powder | 1.8 |
| Water reducing agent | 0.24 |
| Early strength agent | 0.32 |
| Water (W) | 24.8 |
The preparation method of the artificial unfired solid ceramsite comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the formula amount, placing water, VAE rubber powder, a water reducing agent and an early strength agent into a liquid stirrer, stirring for 15min at the rotating speed of 20-50R/min to obtain a mixed solution, and then continuously stirring for later use at the rotating speed of 2-5R/min.
S2, according to the formula amount, placing the casting industry waste ash, the cement and the glass fiber into a solid stirrer, stirring for 5min at the rotating speed of 100-150R/min, then adding the mixed solution in the step S1 in proportion, and stirring for 5min at the rotating speed of 200-300R/min to obtain the semi-wet material.
And S3, adding the semi-wet material obtained in the step S2 into a disc type granulator, granulating at a working inclination angle of 30-45 degrees to obtain 5-20mm material balls, and curing at normal temperature and normal pressure and humidity of 70-150% HR for 7-14 days to obtain the artificial non-fired solid-core ceramsite.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite which comprises the following raw materials:
the preparation method of the artificial unfired solid ceramsite of the embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The embodiment provides ceramsite concrete, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
| name of raw materials | Dosage (parts) |
| Cement | 7.8 |
| Fly ash | 3.2 |
| Water (W) | 4 |
| Water reducing agent | 0.24 |
| Artificial unfired solid ceramsite (5 to 20mm) prepared in example 1 | 24 |
| Middle stone aggregate (20 to 35mm) | 32 |
| River sand | 9 |
| Machine-made sand | 17.5 |
The preparation method of the ceramsite concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the artificial non-fired solid ceramsite (5-20mm), the middlings aggregate, the river sand and the machine-made sand prepared in the embodiment 1 according to the above dosage, adding into a stirring device, and stirring at a rotating speed of 100-200R/min for 2-5 min to obtain a first mixture.
And S2, adding the cement and the fly ash into the first mixture obtained in the step S1 according to the dosage in the table, and stirring for 2-5 min at the rotating speed of 100-200R/min to obtain a second mixture.
And S3, mixing water and the water reducing agent according to the above dosage, and adding the mixture into the aggregate powder mixture for multiple times. The liquid material is added and stirred at the same time, the stirring speed is 200-500R/min, and the stirring time is 15-30 min. And adding the liquid material evenly for three times, wherein the liquid material is added once 0min after the stirring is started, the liquid material is added twice for 5min, and the liquid material is added three times for 15min to prepare a finished ceramsite concrete product.
The prepared finished product concrete is loaded into a tank truck, the tank truck keeps 5-10R/min in the transportation process to rotate, the storage time of the finished product ceramsite concrete in the tank truck is not more than 4h, the finished product ceramsite concrete must be used within 4h, or the finished product ceramsite concrete is wasted.
Example 4
The embodiment provides ceramsite concrete, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
| name of raw materials | Dosage (parts) |
| Cement | 9 |
| Fly ash | 1.8 |
| Water (W) | 3.6 |
| Water reducing agent | 0.27 |
| Artificial unfired solid ceramsite (5 to 20mm) prepared in example 2 | 18 |
| Middle stone aggregate (20 to 35mm) | 22 |
| River sand | 12 |
| Machine-made sand | 16 |
The preparation method of the ceramsite concrete in the embodiment is basically the same as that of the ceramsite concrete in the embodiment 1.
Example 5
The embodiment provides ceramsite concrete, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the ceramsite concrete in the embodiment is basically the same as that of the ceramsite concrete in the embodiment 1.
Summary of ceramsite concrete in examples 3 to 5
The performance of the ceramsite concrete prepared in examples 3-5 and the performance of the conventional concrete are respectively detected. Slump was measured using a standard slump tester, and the 7D compressive strength was measured using a 100mm by 100mm triple model, and the 28D compressive strength was measured using a 150mm by 150mm single model (the test pieces were cured under constant temperature and humidity conditions and then measured).
The results of the relevant tests are given in the following table:
statistical table of performance test results of concrete
In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the artificial unfired solid ceramsite needs to be prepared by granulating and curing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of casting industrial waste ash, 20-30 parts of cement, 2-5 parts of glass fiber, 20-25 parts of water and 0-6 parts of an additive; wherein, the waste ash material of the casting industry is selected from casting waste ash or casting waste sand regeneration dust removal ash. The artificial non-fired solid ceramsite is formed by gelling cement, waste ash in casting industry, glass fiber, water and other materials, is insoluble in water, does not pollute the environment by water-soluble heavy metal ions and the like in the using process, realizes the recycling of solid wastes, and is beneficial to environmental protection. And the surface of the artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite is uneven, so that the complete combination of the ceramsite and the concrete matrix after the concrete is molded can be ensured.
The artificial non-fired solid ceramsite belongs to artificial granulation, has certain water absorption, needs to ensure certain water content during actual use, requires the water content to be controlled within the range of 3-5%, and can ensure that the situation that the ceramsite absorbs the water in concrete can not be generated in the process of mixing concrete.
The ceramsite concrete is prepared strictly according to the sequence of aggregate mixing, powder mixing and liquid mixing, and the material layering defect can be prevented in the mixing process according to the sequence, so that the uniformity of the ceramsite concrete is ensured.
After the ceramsite concrete is cast, the maintenance of the ceramsite concrete needs to be ensured under the conditions of 20-30 ℃ and 95% RH humidity, the spraying humidification treatment needs to be carried out on the cast concrete part during the maintenance, and the water needs to be in an atomized state and cannot be directly poured on the concrete part. The artificial non-fired solid ceramsite is lighter than natural stone aggregate, and is easy to float when being mixed into concrete, so that the amount of cement slurry in the formula of the ceramsite concrete is properly reduced, and the ceramsite is prevented from floating.
It should be noted that the above examples are only for further illustration and description of the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to further limit the technical solution of the present invention, and the method of the present invention is only a preferred embodiment, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight through granulation and maintenance:
the foundry industry waste ash material is selected from foundry waste ash or foundry waste sand regenerated dust-removing ash.
2. The artificial unfired solid ceramsite of claim 1, wherein the additive is selected from VAE rubber powder, water reducing agent and early strength agent in a weight ratio of (1-5) - (0.1-0.5).
3. The artificial unfired solid ceramsite according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation process of the artificial unfired solid ceramsite comprises the following steps:
placing water and the additive into liquid stirring equipment, and continuously stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed material;
adding the casting industry waste ash, cement and glass fiber into the mixed material, and continuously stirring to obtain a semi-wet material;
transferring the semi-wet material into a disc type granulation device for granulation, and preparing material balls with the particle size of 5-20 mm;
and maintaining the pellets to obtain a ceramsite finished product.
4. The artificial unfired solid ceramsite of claim 3, wherein the particle size of the artificial unfired solid ceramsite is 5-20mm, and the water content of the artificial unfired solid ceramsite is 3-5%.
5. Use of the artificial non-fired solid ceramsite of any one of claims 1 to 4 in the preparation of concrete instead of small stone aggregate.
6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that the concrete is prepared by using the artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite of any one of claims 1 to 4 instead of 10 to 100% of small stone aggregate.
7. A ceramsite concrete, characterized in that the concrete is prepared by using the artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite of any one of claims 1 to 4 instead of small stone aggregate.
8. The ceramsite concrete according to claim 7, wherein the slump is 210-230 mm, the 28D strength is 32-45 MPa, and the expansion is 450-650 mm.
9. The ceramsite concrete according to claim 7 or 8, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of artificial non-fired solid ceramsite (5-20mm), 5-10 parts of cement, 1-5 parts of fly ash, 2-5 parts of water, 0.2-0.3 part of water reducing agent, 10-35 parts of medium stone (with the particle size of 20-35 mm), 5-15 parts of river sand and 10-20 parts of machine-made sand according to any one of claims 1-4.
10. The method for preparing ceramsite concrete according to claim 9, which comprises the following steps:
putting the artificial non-sintered solid ceramsite, the middlings, the river sand and the machine-made sand of any one of claims 1 to 4 into a stirring device for stirring to obtain a first mixed material;
adding cement and fly ash into the first mixed material, and stirring to obtain a second mixed material;
and under the condition of continuous stirring, mixing water and the water reducing agent, and then adding the mixture into the second mixed material for multiple times to obtain the water reducing agent.
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