CN114379110A - Mould-splitting paving self-adaptive soft mould forming method for super-thickness variable-curvature composite part - Google Patents
Mould-splitting paving self-adaptive soft mould forming method for super-thickness variable-curvature composite part Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 124
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
- B29C70/543—Fixing the position or configuration of fibrous reinforcements before or during moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29L2007/002—Panels; Plates; Sheets
Abstract
The invention discloses a mould-dividing paving self-adaptive soft mould forming method of an ultra-thick variable-curvature composite part, which comprises the steps of dividing the ultra-thick variable-curvature composite part into a plurality of sub-layers, carrying out mould-dividing paving hot-pressing preforming, combining the sub-layers in sequence on a forming mould of the ultra-thick variable-curvature composite part, carrying out hot pressing again, covering the self-adaptive soft mould on the sub-layer on the uppermost layer, and carrying out curing forming; the self-adaptive soft mold is a composite material soft mold which is designed according to the thickness change condition and curvature change condition of the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part and can be completely matched with the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part in a severe thickness change or large curvature change area, pressure can be uniformly conducted through the self-adaptive soft mold, the internal quality and size of a product are guaranteed, complicated lost layers or material sheets between insertion layers are prevented from sliding, the fiber trend is guaranteed to be smooth and free of wrinkles, a plurality of problems existing in layered hot-pressing solidification of the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part are effectively solved, and the self-adaptive soft mold has excellent application and popularization values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a die-parting paving self-adaptive soft die forming method for an ultra-thick variable-curvature composite product.
Background
The super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part is a carbon fiber composite material part with large thickness and much curvature change. Due to the fact that the thickness difference is large, when the accumulated laying hot-press molding is adopted, the number of times of thermal circulation of each layer of prepreg is inconsistent, and heat loss is caused by the fact that the laying is carried out for multiple times and the tank is filled for hot pressing, so that the appearance quality of parts is affected. At present, aiming at the problem, the effective measure is to carry out layered hot pressing, namely, dividing a large-thickness ultra-complex curved surface workpiece into a plurality of sub-layers, manufacturing a uniform pressing plate and a paving tool split mold surface of adjacent sub-layers by adopting the same data source, respectively carrying out hot pressing forming after paving, and then sequentially combining the sub-layers formed by hot pressing.
However, the problem that the final mechanical property of the part is influenced by the adoption of accumulated ply multiple-cycle hot pressing is solved though the layered hot pressing effectively solves the heat loss caused by the fact that the ply is fed into the tank for multiple times for hot pressing. However, since the super-thick variable curvature composite material product has a large thickness and many divided sub-layers, and is cured after being sequentially combined, the problem that the sub-layers of the bottom layer and the top layer slip relatively due to the high curing temperature still exists, and the defects of fiber buckling, wrinkling and the like are difficult to control. Secondly, when the sub-layers are combined and cured, the gas between the layers is still difficult to discharge, internal defects such as pores and layering can occur after the part is cured, and the quality is difficult to ensure without damage. And thirdly, during curing after combination, the prepreg of the middle layer has long time for reaching the required process temperature, and the time for reaching the required process temperature after the surface layer is paved is short, so that the heat history time of paving of the surface layer is too long, and the product has the problem of being not in line with the process specification requirement. In addition, usually, the ultra-thick variable-curvature composite material part needs to meet the requirements of the appearance and the appearance of a product through a lost layer design, however, the design of layered hot pressing for sub-layers is difficult to be compatible with the lost layer design, particularly for the part with a complex appearance structure and severe curvature change of the product profile, the lost layer design is complex, a plurality of intercalation layers can exist, and the lost layer or the intercalation layers can easily slide during hot pressing and curing after combination, so that the product quality requirement is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides a mould-dividing, paving and self-adaptive soft mould forming method for an ultra-thick variable-curvature composite part, which is used for hot pressing the ultra-thick variable-curvature composite part in a mould-dividing and layering manner by designing the self-adaptive soft mould to be matched, so that the prepreg laying process period of the part is short, the thickness is controllable, and the fiber buckling and folding are controllable; the purposes that the molded surface and the internal quality of the product are qualified, the appearance is smooth and flat, and the hot calendar process of each layer is uniform are achieved. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a sub-mould paving self-adaptive soft mould forming method of an ultra-thick variable curvature composite part comprises the steps of dividing the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part into a plurality of sub-layers, conducting sub-mould paving hot pressing preforming, combining the sub-layers in sequence on a forming mould of the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part to conduct hot pressing again, then covering a self-adaptive soft mould on the sub-layer on the uppermost layer, and conducting curing forming; the self-adaptive soft mold is a composite material soft mold which is designed according to the thickness change condition and curvature change condition of the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part and can be completely matched with the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part in the area with violent thickness change or larger curvature change.
The adaptive soft mold is formed by compounding rubber materials and polyester cloth, and particularly is formed by compounding two layers of rubber materials and a plurality of layers of polyester cloth.
According to the method for molding the super-thickness variable-curvature composite part by the die-spreading and self-adapting soft die, the number of layers of the polyester cloth is determined according to the thickness change condition and the curvature change condition of the super-thickness variable-curvature composite part, and the layer loss design is carried out in an area with violent thickness change or larger curvature change.
Preferably, in the method for molding the ultra-thick variable-curvature composite part by the mold-splitting paving and attaching self-adaptive soft mold, the polyester cloth is subjected to layer losing in the area with severe thickness change or large curvature change, and 1-4 polyester cloth layers are reduced in the area with severe thickness change or large curvature change of the ultra-thick variable-curvature composite part.
The preparation method of the self-adaptive soft mold comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a soft die forming tool: preparing a self-adaptive soft die forming tool for self-adaptive soft die forming according to the upper molded surface of the super-thick variable-curvature composite material part;
2) and (4) layer loss design: determining the number of layers of polyester cloth used by the self-adaptive soft mold according to the thickness of the super-thickness variable curvature composite product, and determining the position of a lost layer area, the number of layers of the laid polyester cloth and the length of the lost layer area according to the variable curvature of the super-thickness variable curvature composite product;
3) and (3) layering control: paving a layer of rubber material on the self-adaptive soft mold forming tool, paving and pasting the polyester cloth layer by layer according to requirements, controlling the paving number and paving and pasting position of the polyester cloth in the lost layer area through laser projection of a lost layer design result, and covering a layer of rubber material after the polyester cloth is paved and pasted;
4) soft mold curing molding: and packaging the paved and pasted self-adaptive soft mold and the forming tool thereof, and then carrying out hot-pressing curing to obtain a self-adaptive soft mold finished product.
According to the die-dividing, paving and pasting self-adaptive soft die forming method for the over-thickness variable curvature composite part, the over-thickness variable curvature composite part is divided into a plurality of sub-layers to be subjected to die-dividing, paving and hot-pressing preforming, and the end of each sub-layer die-dividing tool and the baffle on one side of each sub-layer are detachable and used for ensuring smooth demolding after the sub-layers are preformed.
Preferably, in the method for molding the ultra-thick variable curvature composite product by the split-die paving and attaching self-adaptive soft die, the mold for molding the ultra-thick variable curvature composite product is a split-die tool for dividing the sub-paving layer at the bottommost layer; and the die parting tool is provided with a detachable total end head and a total baffle plate for forming the whole super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part.
Preferably, in the method for molding the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part by the split-die paving and adhering self-adaptive soft die, the sub-paving layer at the bottommost layer is not required to be demolded after hot-pressing preforming, only the end and the baffle of the sub-paving layer split-die tool at the bottommost layer are required to be disassembled, then the rest sub-paving layers are sequentially combined on the sub-paving layer at the bottommost layer, and then the main end and the main baffle are assembled and hot-pressed again.
According to the mould-dividing, paving and pasting self-adaptive soft mould forming method for the over-thickness variable curvature composite part, when the sub-layers are sequentially combined, a laser projector is adopted for auxiliary positioning: when each sub-layer is combined, the laser projection of the sub-layer to be combined is projected on a paving tool or the sub-layer combined below, and the boundary with obvious surface characteristics of the sub-layer to be combined and the corresponding laser projection boundary are selected for positioning, matching and combining.
In the method for molding the over-thickness variable curvature composite part by the die-spreading and self-adapting soft die, the curing molding is to encapsulate all sub-spreading layers and the self-adapting soft die on the over-thickness variable curvature composite part molding die, and send the over-thickness variable curvature composite part molding die into an autoclave for curing, and the curing molding parameters are as follows: the temperature is 180 +/-6 ℃, the curing pressure is 0.55-0.65 Mpa, and the heat preservation time is 150-220 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the forming method adopts the self-adaptive soft mold to perform a plurality of sub-layers into which the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part is divided, and then combines the sub-layers for hot compaction and curing, the self-adaptive soft mold can automatically adapt to the appearance of the product in the curing process, the pressure is uniformly transmitted, the internal quality and size of the product are ensured, the complicated lost layers or the material sheets between the insertion layers are prevented from sliding, the fiber trend is ensured to be smooth and have no wrinkles, and a plurality of problems existing in the layered hot-pressing curing of the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part are effectively solved.
The self-adaptive soft mold adopted by the forming method is formed by compounding the rubber material and the polyester cloth, and the smooth and flat surface of the product is ensured while the purpose of uniform pressurization in the curing process of the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material product is achieved.
The forming method of the invention carries out layer-losing design on the polyester cloth reinforced layer of the self-adaptive soft mold, thereby ensuring the performance of the self-adaptive matching of the self-adaptive soft mold to the appearance of the product of the super-thick variable-curvature composite material product in the curing process.
When the forming method is used for preparing the self-adaptive soft mould laying layer for control and combining each preformed sub-laying layer, laser projection auxiliary positioning is adopted, and the laying and combining accuracy is ensured.
According to the forming method, the end head of the forming tool mould of each sub-layer and the baffle on one side are designed to be detachable, so that the preformed sub-layers are smoothly demoulded; and the end for molding the sub-laying layer of the bottommost layer and the baffle on one side edge are disassembled, the rest sub-laying layers are sequentially combined on the sub-laying layer of the bottommost layer, and the main end and the side baffle are assembled and then are subjected to hot compaction again, so that the combination steps and the number of molds are saved, and the combination precision of the preformed sub-laying layers can be better ensured.
In general, the forming method solves the problems of the super-thick variable-curvature composite material part in the hot pressing and curing process due to large thickness and large curvature change, achieves the purpose of ensuring the quality of the part from inside to outside, and has excellent application and popularization values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a die-parting, laying and self-adaptive soft die molding assembly of an ultra-thick variable curvature composite part according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of adaptive soft mode matching according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive soft mode structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive soft mold lost layer region of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a mold splitting tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a mold for forming a composite material with variable thickness and curvature according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an ultra-thick variable curvature composite part; 11. sub-layering; 2. a thickness variable curvature composite material part forming die; 21. a main end; 22. a total baffle; 3. self-adaptive soft mode; 31. a rubber material; 32. polyester cloth; 4. self-adaptive soft die forming tooling; 5. a lost layer area; 6. a die parting tool; 61. a tip; 62. and a baffle plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and that any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications using the technical contents disclosed. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Example (b):
the embodiment is a sub-mold paving and pasting self-adaptive soft mold forming method for an ultra-thick variable curvature composite part, the forming method divides the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part 1 into a plurality of sub-layers 11 to be subjected to sub-mold paving, hot pressing and preforming, then sequentially combines the sub-layers on a forming mold 2 for the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part to be subjected to hot pressing again, and then covers the self-adaptive soft mold 3 on the sub-layer 11 on the uppermost layer to be subjected to curing forming; the self-adaptive soft mold 3 is a composite material soft mold which is designed according to the thickness change condition and curvature change condition of the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part 1 and can be completely matched with the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part 1 in a severe thickness change or large curvature change area, the self-adaptive soft mold can uniformly conduct pressure, the internal quality and size of a product are ensured, complicated material sheet slippage between layers or intercalation is prevented, the fiber trend is ensured to be smooth and wrinkle-free, and a plurality of problems existing in the layered hot-pressing solidification of the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part are effectively solved.
In the method for molding the ultra-thick variable curvature composite material part by the mold-spreading and pasting self-adaptive soft mold, the self-adaptive soft mold 3 is formed by compounding the rubber material 31 and the polyester cloth 32, and specifically is formed by compounding two layers of rubber materials 31 and a plurality of layers of polyester cloth 32. The number of the polyester cloth 32 is determined according to the thickness change condition and the curvature change condition of the super-thickness variable curvature composite product 1, and a layer losing design is performed in an area with severe thickness change or large curvature change, for example, 1-4 layers of the polyester cloth 32 are reduced in the area with severe thickness change or large curvature change of the super-thickness variable curvature composite product 1, so that the super-thickness variable curvature composite product can be completely attached to the product, and meanwhile, the surface of the product is ensured to be smooth and flat.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the adaptive soft mold 3 includes the following steps:
1) preparing a soft die forming tool: preparing a self-adaptive soft die forming tool 4 for forming a self-adaptive soft die 3 according to the upper molded surface of the super-thick variable-curvature composite material part 1;
2) and (4) layer loss design: determining the number of layers of polyester cloth 32 used by the self-adaptive soft mold 3 according to the thickness of the super-thickness variable curvature composite product 1, and determining the position of the lost layer area 5, the number of layers and the length of the laid polyester cloth 32 according to the variable curvature of the super-thickness variable curvature composite product 1;
3) and (3) layering control: paving a layer of rubber material 31 on the self-adaptive soft mold forming tool 4, paving the polyester cloth 32 layer by layer according to requirements, controlling the paving number and paving position of the polyester cloth 32 in the lost layer area 5 through laser projection according to the design result of the lost layer, and covering a layer of rubber material 31 after the polyester cloth 32 is paved;
4) soft mold curing molding: and packaging the paved adaptive soft mold 3 and the forming tool thereof, and then performing hot-pressing curing to obtain a finished product of the adaptive soft mold 3.
In this embodiment, in order to ensure that each sub-layer 11 is demoulded smoothly after being preformed, the super-thick variable-curvature composite material part 1 is divided into a plurality of sub-layers 11 to be subjected to die-parting, paving, hot-pressing and preforming, and the end 61 of the die-parting tool 6 and the baffle 62 on one side of each sub-layer 11 are detachable. And the divided mould dividing tooling 6 of the sub-laying layer 11 at the bottommost layer can be simultaneously used as the forming mould 2 of the composite material product with the variable curvature in the super-thickness, and is provided with a detachable total end 21 and a detachable total baffle 21 which correspond to an end 61 and a baffle 62 of the mould dividing tooling 6 and are used for forming the whole composite material product 1 with the variable curvature in the super-thickness. After the sub-laying layer 11 at the bottommost layer is subjected to hot pressing preforming, demolding is not needed, only the end 61 and the baffle 62 of the sub-laying layer 11 split mold tooling 6 at the bottommost layer are needed to be disassembled, then the rest sub-laying layers 11 are sequentially combined on the sub-laying layer 11 at the bottommost layer, the total end 21 and the total baffle 21 are assembled, hot pressing is carried out again, the combination steps and the number of molds are saved, and the combination precision of the preformed sub-laying layers can be better guaranteed.
In order to ensure the combination precision of each sub-ply 11, the present embodiment uses a laser projector to perform auxiliary positioning, when each sub-ply 11 is sequentially combined, and each sub-ply 11 is combined in sequence, and when each sub-ply 11 is combined, the laser projection of the sub-ply 11 to be combined is projected on a paving tool or the sub-ply 11 which is combined under the paving tool, and the boundary with obvious surface characteristics of the sub-ply 11 to be combined and the corresponding laser projection boundary are selected to perform positioning matching combination.
In the method for molding the ultra-thick variable-curvature composite part by the die-spreading and self-adapting soft die, all sub-spreading layers 11 and the self-adapting soft die 3 are packaged on the ultra-thick variable-curvature composite part molding die 2 and then are sent into an autoclave for curing, and the curing molding parameters are as follows: the temperature is 180 +/-6 ℃, the curing pressure is 0.55-0.65 Mpa, and the heat preservation time is 150-220 min.
According to the forming method provided by the invention, the self-adaptive soft mold is adopted to perform the multiple sub-layers into which the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part is divided, and then the sub-layers are combined and hot-pressed again for solidification, so that the self-adaptive soft mold can automatically adapt to the appearance of the product in the solidification process, the pressure is uniformly transmitted, the internal quality and size of the product are ensured, the complicated lost layers or material sheets between the insertion layers are prevented from sliding, the fiber trend is ensured to be smooth and without wrinkles, various problems existing in the layered hot-pressing solidification of the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part are effectively solved, and the smoothness and flatness of the surface of the product are ensured. The method of the invention carries out layer-losing design on the polyester cloth reinforcing layer of the self-adaptive soft mould, ensures the performance of the self-adaptive soft mould in the curing process for the shape self-adaptive matching of the super-thick variable curvature composite material product, adopts laser projection auxiliary positioning when the self-adaptive soft mould paving layer is prepared and each preformed sub-paving layer is combined, and ensures the paving and combining accuracy. In addition, the end head and the baffle on one side of the forming tool mould of each sub-layer are designed to be detachable, so that the preformed sub-layers are smoothly demoulded; and the end for molding the sub-laying layer of the bottommost layer and the baffle on one side edge are disassembled, the rest sub-laying layers are sequentially combined on the sub-laying layer of the bottommost layer, and the main end and the side baffle are assembled and then are subjected to hot compaction again, so that the combination steps and the number of molds are saved, and the combination precision of the preformed sub-laying layers can be better ensured. In general, the forming method solves the problems of the super-thick variable-curvature composite material part in the hot pressing and curing process due to large thickness and large curvature change, achieves the purpose of ensuring the quality of the part from inside to outside, and has excellent application and popularization values.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A mould-separating, paving and self-adapting soft mould forming method for an ultra-thick variable-curvature composite part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
dividing the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part (1) into a plurality of sub-layers (11), performing die-dividing, paving, hot-pressing and preforming, combining the sub-layers in sequence on a super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part forming die (2) to perform hot pressing again, covering a self-adaptive soft die (3) on the sub-layer (11) on the uppermost layer, and then performing curing and forming;
the self-adaptive soft mold (3) is a composite material soft mold which is designed according to the thickness change condition and curvature change condition of the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part (1) and can be completely matched with the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part (1) in an area with violent thickness change or large curvature change.
2. The die-parting, paving and self-adapting soft die forming method of the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the self-adaptive soft mold (3) is formed by compounding a rubber material (31) and polyester cloth (32), and particularly is formed by compounding two layers of rubber materials (31) with a plurality of layers of polyester cloth (32) sandwiched therebetween.
3. The die-parting, paving and self-adapting soft die forming method of the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the number of layers of the polyester cloth (32) is determined according to the thickness change condition and the curvature change condition of the super-thickness variable curvature composite material part (1), and the layer losing design is carried out in the area with violent thickness change or large curvature change.
4. The die-parting, paving and self-adapting soft die forming method of the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part according to claim 3, characterized in that: the polyester cloth (32) is designed to be subjected to layer losing in the area with violent thickness change or large curvature change, and 1-4 layers of polyester cloth (32) are reduced in the area with violent thickness change or large curvature change of the super-thick variable-curvature composite material part (1).
5. The die-parting, paving and self-adaptive soft die forming method of the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the preparation method of the self-adaptive soft mold (3) comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a soft die forming tool: preparing a self-adaptive soft die forming tool (4) for forming a self-adaptive soft die (3) according to the upper molded surface of the super-thickness variable-curvature composite material part (1);
2) and (4) layer loss design: determining the number of layers of polyester cloth (32) used by the self-adaptive soft mold (3) according to the thickness of the composite part (1) with the variable curvature of the super-thickness, and determining the position of the lost layer area (5), the number of layers of the laid polyester cloth (32) and the length of the lost layer area according to the variable curvature of the composite part (1) with the variable curvature of the super-thickness;
3) and (3) layering control: paving a layer of rubber material (31) on the self-adaptive soft die forming tool (4), paving the polyester cloth (32) layer by layer according to requirements, controlling the paving number and paving position of the polyester cloth (32) in the lost layer area (5) through laser projection of a lost layer design result, and covering a layer of rubber material (31) after the paving of the polyester cloth (32) is finished;
4) soft mold curing molding: and packaging the paved adaptive soft mold (3) and the forming tool thereof, and then carrying out hot-pressing curing to obtain a finished product of the adaptive soft mold (3).
6. The die-parting, paving and self-adapting soft die forming method of the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the super-thick variable-curvature composite material part (1) is divided into a plurality of sub-laying layers (11) to be subjected to die-dividing, laying, hot-pressing and preforming, and the end (61) of each sub-laying layer (11) die-dividing tool (6) and the baffle (62) on one side are detachable and used for ensuring that the sub-laying layers (11) are demoulded smoothly after being preformed.
7. The die-parting, paving and self-adapting soft die forming method of the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part according to claim 6, characterized in that: the forming die (2) for the over-thickness variable curvature composite product is a die splitting tool (6) for the divided sub-laying layers (11) at the bottommost layer; and the die parting tool (6) is provided with a detachable total end (21) and a total baffle (21) for forming the whole super-thickness variable curvature composite material part (1).
8. The die-parting, paving and self-adapting soft die forming method of the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part according to claim 7, characterized in that: the hot-pressing pre-forming of the sub-laying layer (11) at the bottommost layer is not required to be demoulded, only the end (61) and the baffle (62) of the sub-laying layer (11) at the bottommost layer are needed to be disassembled, then the rest sub-laying layers (11) are sequentially combined on the sub-laying layer (11) at the bottommost layer, and then the total end (21) and the total baffle (21) are assembled and hot-pressed again.
9. The die-parting, paving and self-adapting soft die forming method of the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part according to claim 8, characterized in that: and when the sub-layers (11) are sequentially combined in sequence, a laser projector is adopted for auxiliary positioning: when each sub-paving layer (11) is combined, the laser projection of the sub-paving layer (11) to be combined is projected on a paving tool or the sub-paving layer (11) which is combined below, and the boundary with obvious surface characteristics of the sub-paving layer (11) to be combined and the corresponding laser projection boundary are selected for positioning, matching and combining.
10. The die-parting, paving and self-adapting soft die forming method of the ultra-thick variable curvature composite part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the curing molding is to encapsulate all sub-laying layers (11) and the self-adaptive soft mold (3) on the molding mold (2) of the composite material part with the variable curvature and the super-thickness, and send the composite material part into an autoclave for curing, wherein the curing molding parameters are as follows: the temperature is 180 +/-6 ℃, the curing pressure is 0.55-0.65 Mpa, and the heat preservation time is 150-220 min.
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