CN114377646B - Technology for purifying sulfur ions in water by tailing modified adsorption base method - Google Patents
Technology for purifying sulfur ions in water by tailing modified adsorption base method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114377646B CN114377646B CN202210198746.2A CN202210198746A CN114377646B CN 114377646 B CN114377646 B CN 114377646B CN 202210198746 A CN202210198746 A CN 202210198746A CN 114377646 B CN114377646 B CN 114377646B
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- tailing
- ions
- backwater
- sulfide ions
- water
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- -1 sulfur ions Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052849 andalusite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000784732 Lycaena phlaeas Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/42—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4875—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being a waste, residue or of undefined composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation wastewater sulfide ion removal processes, in particular to a process for purifying sulfide ions in water by a tailing modified adsorption base method. The invention directly uses the tailings which do not need deep processing as the water treatment process of the adsorption base, and has low cost; the surface of silicate minerals in tailings is simply modified, and the surface is utilized to adsorb divalent sulfide ions, so that the divalent sulfide ion content in flotation backwater is effectively reduced; in addition, the process for removing the iron colloid substances in the water by using the conventional flotation method has extremely low cost and extremely simple process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation wastewater sulfide ion removal processes, and discloses a process for purifying sulfide ions in water by a tailing modified adsorption base method.
Background
Sodium sulfide is a commonly used regulator in the field of mineral separation flotation. After a large amount of sodium sulfide is added in the flotation process, the flotation tailings are subjected to a conventional flocculation sedimentation-filtration dehydration process, and the backwater contains a large amount of bivalent sulfur ions. The return water is returned for recycling, so that flotation indexes are obviously affected; if the water is directly discharged, the alkalinity of the backwater is high, the chemical oxygen demand greatly exceeds the standard, the backwater is green in color and has serious odor of the eggs; if the backwater containing the divalent sulfur ions is treated by adopting an aeration method, a large amount of sulfate or sulfite electrolyte can be generated in the backwater, the backwater can be recycled for a long time, and the accumulation of the electrolyte can also obviously influence the flotation index.
In addition, the divalent sulfur ion is a common precipitant for heavy metal ions, including common copper ions, lead ions, zinc ions and the like. After heavy metals are precipitated in the flotation tailing ore pulp by adopting divalent sulfide ions, the ore pulp contains residual divalent sulfide ions, and the backwater recycling of the backwater can also obviously influence the flotation index.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a process for purifying sulfur ions in water by a tailing modified adsorption-based method, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can effectively solve the problem that backwater generated by the existing beneficiation flotation is rich in divalent sulfur ions.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures: a technology for purifying sulfur ions in water by a tailing modified adsorption base method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding polymeric ferric salt into the tailing pulp containing the divalent sulfide ions, wherein each ton of tailing pulp containing the divalent sulfide ions is added with 100-1000 g of polymeric ferric salt, and ferric trichloride which is 1-7 times of the weight of the divalent sulfide ions in the tailing pulp is added into the tailing pulp containing the divalent sulfide ions at the same time, so that the silicate mineral surface in the tailing pulp containing the divalent sulfide ions is modified;
(2) Stirring for a certain time to enable the divalent sulfide ions to be adsorbed on the surface of the modified silicate mineral;
(3) Adding polypropylene flocculant for flocculation treatment;
(4) After flocculation treatment, settling separation is carried out to obtain ore sand and backwater containing iron colloid;
(5) And (3) carrying out aerated flotation on the backwater containing the iron colloid, and removing the iron colloid to obtain purified backwater.
The following are further optimizations and/or improvements to the above-described inventive solution:
the polymeric ferric salt is polymeric ferric chloride or polymeric ferric sulfate.
In the step (2), the stirring time is 1 to 15 minutes.
In the step (3), the addition amount of the polypropylene flocculant is 10g to 60g of the polypropylene flocculant is added to each ton of tailing pulp containing divalent sulfide ions.
The polypropylene flocculant adopts anionic polyacrylamide or cationic polyacrylamide.
The invention directly uses the tailings which do not need deep processing as the water treatment process of the adsorption base, and has very low cost; the surface of silicate minerals in tailings is simply modified, and the surfaces are utilized to adsorb divalent sulfide ions, so that the divalent sulfide ion content in purified backwater is effectively reduced; in addition, the process for removing the iron colloid substances in the water by using the conventional flotation method has extremely low cost and extremely simple process.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments can be determined according to the technical scheme and practical situations of the present invention. The various chemical reagents and chemical supplies mentioned in the invention are all commonly known and used in the prior art unless specified otherwise; the percentages in the invention are mass percentages unless otherwise specified.
The invention is further described below with reference to examples:
example 1: the technology for purifying the sulfur ions in the water by the tailing modified adsorption base method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding polymeric ferric salt into the tailing pulp containing the divalent sulfide ions, wherein each ton of tailing pulp containing the divalent sulfide ions is added with 100-1000 g of polymeric ferric salt, and ferric trichloride which is 1-7 times of the weight of the divalent sulfide ions in the tailing pulp is added into the tailing pulp containing the divalent sulfide ions at the same time, so that the silicate mineral surface in the tailing pulp containing the divalent sulfide ions is modified;
(2) Stirring for a certain time to enable the divalent sulfide ions to be adsorbed on the surface of the modified silicate mineral;
(3) Adding polypropylene flocculant for flocculation treatment;
(4) After flocculation treatment, settling separation is carried out to obtain ore sand and backwater containing iron colloid;
(5) And (3) carrying out aerated flotation on the backwater containing the iron colloid, and removing the iron colloid to obtain purified backwater.
As known to those skilled in the art, the common tailings for mineral separation often contain a large amount of silicate minerals (feldspar, quartz, mica and the like), the inventor uses the characteristics that the flotation tailings contain a large amount of silicate minerals, have fine granularity and high surface activity, takes the flotation tailings as an adsorption base, and adsorbs iron-containing compounds or iron ions on the surface of silicate minerals in the flotation tailings by adding a little excessive iron-containing compounds, so that the surface properties of silicate minerals in the flotation tailings are changed, and then divalent sulfur ions are adsorbed on the surface of silicate minerals, thereby removing the divalent sulfur ions in water. And separating the tailing sand from water by adopting a simple flocculation sedimentation process to obtain backwater containing iron colloid. The backwater of the iron-containing colloid is removed by a conventional simple flotation method to obtain clear transparent backwater (purified backwater).
The invention directly uses the tailings which do not need deep processing as the water treatment process of the adsorption base, and has very low cost; the surface of silicate minerals in tailings is simply modified, and the surfaces are utilized to adsorb divalent sulfide ions, so that the divalent sulfide ion content in purified backwater is effectively reduced; in addition, the process for removing the iron colloid substances in the water by using the conventional flotation method has extremely low cost and extremely simple process.
Example 2: as an optimization of example 1 above, the polymeric ferric salt is polymeric ferric chloride or polymeric ferric sulfate.
Example 3: as an optimization of the above embodiment, in the step (2), the stirring time is 1 to 15 minutes.
Example 4: as optimization of the embodiment, in the step (3), the addition amount of the polypropylene flocculant is 10g to 60g of the polypropylene flocculant is added to each ton of tailing pulp containing the divalent sulfide ions.
Example 5: as an optimization of example 4 above, either anionic polyacrylamide or cationic polyacrylamide was used as the polypropylene flocculant.
The following examples 6 to 7 are presented in comparison with conventional sedimentation processes using lithium beryllium ore beryllium flotation tailings as an example.
The beryllium floatation process of the lithium beryllium ore comprises the following steps: spodumene is firstly floated, then 1500g/t sodium sulfide is added to inhibit spodumene, andalusite is floated, and the andalusite flotation tailings are waste ore pulp containing divalent sulfide ions (i.e. tailing ore pulp containing divalent sulfide ions).
Conventional sedimentation process 1: adding 1000g/t of poly ferric chloride into the andalusite flotation tailings, and stirring for 5 minutes; and adding 80g/t of anionic polyacrylamide, and settling to obtain backwater.
Conventional sedimentation process 2: adding 1000g/t of poly ferric chloride into the andalusite flotation tailings, and stirring for 5 minutes; and adding 80g/t of cationic polyacrylamide, and settling to obtain backwater.
Example 6: the technology for purifying the sulfur ions in the water by the tailing modified adsorption base method comprises the following steps:
adding 200g/t of poly-ferric chloride into the andalusite flotation tailings, simultaneously adding 700g/t of ferric trichloride, and stirring for 5 minutes; then adding 20g/t of anionic polyacrylamide, and settling to obtain iron-containing colloid backwater; adding the backwater of the iron-containing colloid into a flotation machine, carrying out flotation for 2 minutes, and removing a very small amount of foam (iron colloid) to obtain backwater with clear and transparent bottom.
Example 7: the technology for purifying the sulfur ions in the water by the tailing modified adsorption base method comprises the following steps:
adding 250g/t of poly-ferric chloride into the andalusite flotation tailings, simultaneously adding 500g/t of ferric trichloride, and stirring for 10 minutes; then adding 30g/t of cationic polyacrylamide, and settling to obtain iron-containing colloid backwater; adding the backwater of the iron-containing colloid into a flotation machine, carrying out flotation for 3 minutes, and removing a very small amount of foam (iron colloid) to obtain backwater with clear and transparent bottom.
Example 8: the technology for purifying the sulfur ions in the water by the tailing modified adsorption base method comprises the following steps:
adding 700g/t of polymeric ferric sulfate into the andalusite flotation tailings, simultaneously adding 700g/t of ferric trichloride, and stirring for 12 minutes; adding 40g/t of anionic polyacrylamide, and settling to obtain iron-containing colloid backwater; adding the backwater of the iron-containing colloid into a flotation machine, carrying out flotation for 2 minutes, and removing a very small amount of foam (iron colloid) to obtain backwater with clear and transparent bottom.
The results of comparison of conventional sedimentation processes with the inventive process (e.g., the content of divalent sulfide ions, iron ions, soluble electrolytes, etc. in the backwater) are shown in table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the conventional process, the pH value of the purified backwater obtained by the process is close to neutral, the content of divalent sulfide ions is obviously reduced, the purified backwater obtained by the process is recycled, the lithium beryllium floatation index is not influenced, and the medicament cost is lower than that of the conventional process.
Compared with the existing backwater treatment process, the process has the following advantages:
(1) The waste tailings with higher surface activity and simple modification are used as adsorption bases, and the cost of the adsorption bases is extremely low;
(2) Modifying the surface of the tailings. Ferric ions which are easy to adsorb on the surface of silicate minerals in tailings are added to enable the ferric ions to adsorb on the surface of silicate minerals, then divalent sulfur ions in ore pulp react with iron ions on the surface of silicate minerals to generate colloid ferrous sulfide and adsorb on the surface of silicate minerals, so that divalent sulfur ions in the ore pulp of the tailings are removed;
(3) The pH value of ore pulp can be effectively reduced by utilizing the reaction of divalent sulfide ions and iron ions, so that the pH value of backwater is reduced to about neutrality. The excessive colloidal iron substances in the ore pulp are removed by a low-cost and simple flotation method.
The technical characteristics form the embodiment of the invention, have stronger adaptability and implementation effect, and can increase or decrease unnecessary technical characteristics according to actual needs so as to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims (1)
1. A technology for purifying sulfur ions in water by a tailing modified adsorption-based method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Adding polymeric ferric salt into tailing pulp containing divalent sulfide ions, wherein each ton of tailing pulp containing divalent sulfide ions is added with 100-1000 g of polymeric ferric salt, the polymeric ferric salt is polymeric ferric chloride or polymeric ferric sulfate, and ferric trichloride which is 1-7 times of the weight of the divalent sulfide ions in the tailing pulp is added into the tailing pulp containing divalent sulfide ions, so that the silicate mineral surface in the tailing pulp containing divalent sulfide ions is modified;
(2) Stirring for 1 to 15 minutes to enable the divalent sulfide ions to be adsorbed on the surface of the modified silicate mineral;
(3) Adding polypropylene flocculant to perform flocculation treatment, wherein the addition amount of the polypropylene flocculant is that 10g to 60g of polypropylene flocculant is added to each ton of tailing pulp containing divalent sulfide ions, and the polypropylene flocculant adopts anionic polyacrylamide or cationic polyacrylamide;
(4) After flocculation treatment, settling separation is carried out to obtain ore sand and backwater containing iron colloid;
(5) And (3) carrying out aerated flotation on the backwater containing the iron colloid, and removing the iron colloid to obtain purified backwater.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210198746.2A CN114377646B (en) | 2022-03-02 | 2022-03-02 | Technology for purifying sulfur ions in water by tailing modified adsorption base method |
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| CN202210198746.2A CN114377646B (en) | 2022-03-02 | 2022-03-02 | Technology for purifying sulfur ions in water by tailing modified adsorption base method |
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| CN114377646B true CN114377646B (en) | 2024-01-09 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA3046002A1 (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-12-12 | Kemira Oyj | Methods of treating tailings |
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| CN101172726A (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2008-05-07 | 长庆石油勘探局 | Method and technological process for treating sewage of oil recovery |
| CN106745598A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 中南大学 | A kind of method for reducing tungsten mine mine tailing wastewater COD |
| CN109502811A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-22 | 山东黄金矿业科技有限公司选冶实验室分公司 | The flocculation sedimentation purification method of Thiocyanate ion in a kind of cyanide wastewater |
| CN111018085A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-17 | 中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司 | Treatment method of xanthate-containing heavy metal flotation wastewater |
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