CN114371259A - Indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method - Google Patents
Indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0031—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector comprising two or more sensors, e.g. a sensor array
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
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- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
- B08B17/02—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/0055—Radionuclides
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of indoor environmental protection, and discloses an indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method, which comprises the following steps of firstly, detecting an area suspected of possibly exceeding the standard of radon gas radiation, and if the detection result exceeds the national standard or is close to a critical value, carrying out the second step; secondly, carrying out directional continuous detection on the interior of the region with overproof radiation by using handheld equipment; and step three, respectively processing the overproof areas by using different materials. The method is used for performing indoor local reconstruction construction by using different materials and methods one by one aiming at the radon source of the finished building, has low cost, small difficulty and high speed, and can effectively reduce the radon radiation to be below the national required limiting concentration. The invention reduces the radiation overproof caused by radon gas leakage and wall building materials on the premise of reducing the construction quantity as much as possible for the rooms which are built and even decorated. The invention has obvious effect on reducing radiation through practical operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of indoor environmental protection, and particularly relates to a comprehensive treatment method for indoor radon. Mainly solves the problem that the radon radiation inside the built building exceeds the standard. In particular to a comprehensive personalized treatment scheme which uses different methods and materials aiming at complex environments.
Background
Radon (Rn) is one of 19 main carcinogens published by the World Health Organization (WHO) and is the 2 nd largest cause of lung cancer of human second to cigarette at present. Data published by the world health organization indicate that: more than 10 million people die of radon pollution in the room every year around the world. Because radon is ubiquitous in human living spaces, indoor radon levels are critical to human health.
Radon presents a major health hazard to humans as both deterministic and stochastic effects.
The deterministic effect appears as: blood cell changes collectively appear under high radon exposure. Radon has a high affinity for human body fat, and is particularly harmful when combined with the nervous system.
The stochastic effect is mainly manifested as tumorigenesis. Because radon is a radioactive gas, when people inhale into a human body, alpha particles generated by decay of radon can cause radiation damage in a respiratory system of the human body to induce lung cancer.
Indoor radon pollution mainly comes from:
the soil from underground foundation is diffused into the room through cracks of earth surface and wall.
From underground water, research shows that the radon in water is an important radon source indoors when the radon concentration reaches 104 Becker/cubic meter.
From the outdoor atmosphere, radon in the outdoor atmosphere enters the room along with the outdoor air.
From the combustion of natural gas, if the ventilation in the room is poor, all radon in the natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas is released into the room.
From building materials and interior decoration materials, in particular some slag bricks, slag bricks and other building materials (usually containing radium to different degrees) and those with high uranium content such as granite, ceramic tiles, sanitary ware and the like.
According to the national standard GB50325-2020 of the people's republic of China, the radiation pollution concentration of radon gas in 1 and 2 civil building engineering is controlled to be less than or equal to 150 Becker/cubic meter (less than or equal to 150Bq/m 3).
After the house is built and repaired, the problem of overproof radon radiation can occur with high probability due to the limitation of ventilation conditions, the underground is easy to be invaded by radon, radiation sources contained in building decoration materials and the like.
At present, China only has standard requirements on radon content detection of soil before building operation, and has no solution when the radon content exceeds the standard after the building and decoration are finished.
Disclosure of Invention
The method is used for performing indoor local reconstruction construction by using different materials and methods one by one aiming at the radon source of the finished building, has low cost, small difficulty and high speed, and can effectively reduce the radon radiation to be below the national required limiting concentration.
The invention is realized in this way, a comprehensive treatment method of indoor radon gas, which specifically comprises the following steps:
monitoring an area suspected of exceeding the standard of radon gas radiation, and if the monitoring result exceeds the national standard or is close to a critical value, performing a second step;
secondly, directional continuous monitoring is carried out on the interior of the region with the radiation exceeding the standard by using handheld equipment; in order to find the reason causing the indoor radiation standard exceeding as fast as possible, the measurement of different characteristic areas in the room is needed under the condition that the external factors are as consistent as possible.
However, because radon radiation levels are affected by many factors, including but not limited to weather, temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, diffusion conditions, particle decay cycles, air flow, etc. (some of which are not measurable and are less likely to change); and large variation range (sometimes the variation range within 48 hours may exceed 200%).
Therefore, when measuring, a plurality of same devices are needed to measure different positions in the same area, so that the complicated influence factors can be not considered. According to long-time tests of a plurality of cases, the following method is strictly adhered to, and the overproof radiation source can be quickly and effectively found.
Confirmation of synchronization of representation values:
the 2-4 devices used for the measurement were put together, and the difference in the displayed value was observed for 1 day.
According to the tracking observation for 1 year, the measurement error of different devices is within +/-5 bq/m3, which is also the basic condition for selecting the device.
The apparatus provides 3 values: a long-term value (this is the value from start-up or reset to reading, which is mainly used to monitor the indoor radiation average for a long time, and is displayed as a larger number in the first row); a 7-day value (which is an average value obtained by advancing the reading time within 24 × 7 hours, and which is suitable for monitoring the radiation value in a short period of time and can be used as a basis for judging the indoor radiation condition, and the values are alternately displayed in the second row and the 1-day value); the 1 day value (this is the radiation value within 24 hours of advancing from the reading, which is the primary basis value for finding a source of radiation overproof, the values are displayed alternately in the second row and in the 7 day value).
In order to display more uniform numerical values and facilitate recording, all devices can be reset to zero together. (it should be noted here that since the apparatus is in a continuous measurement state, i.e. it is automatically monitored after being reset to zero, and the value of 1 day is displayed after 24 hours, it is required that all the apparatuses used for measurement are reset to zero at the same time to avoid possible errors caused by manual operation as much as possible).
Measurement of characteristic region:
taking the bedroom of the basement of a certain house in a certain cell as an example, the indoor characteristic situation is as follows:
a. is an underground floor of a 1-floor duplex building of a certain small high-rise building;
b. a total area of about 18 square meters, south, second use bedroom in house;
c. the south and east walls are in direct contact with soil (concrete pouring, external wall external heat preservation);
d. finishing the interior, namely filling cement mortar on the wall surface, leveling putty, pasting wallpaper, paving ceramic tiles on the ground, and arranging ceramic tiles on skirting lines;
e. with an openable skylight;
f. the air conditioner comprises a central air conditioner and fresh air equipment, an air outlet and an air return port;
g. the outdoor part is the other self-contained part of the underground, and the bedroom door is flat-open and can be closed;
h. no toilet is arranged indoors;
i. a reserved power socket is arranged on the wall;
aiming at the case that the radiation value exceeds the standard, the method for searching the radiation exceeding source comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining a radon radiation value of a position where gas is exchanged with indoor air;
opening the skylight, placing a device at a position as close as possible to the skylight, observing and recording the value for 1 day, and roughly determining the value of the outdoor radon radiation;
opening a fresh air device, placing a device at a position as close as possible to the indoor air outlet, observing and recording the value of 1 day, and roughly determining the radon radiation value of the circulating air in the air outlet;
detaching the wall panel, placing a device at a position as close as possible to the line box, observing and recording the numerical value of 1 day, and roughly determining the radon radiation numerical value of the position of the wall opening easy to leak;
and secondly, closing all indoor ventilation devices or equipment, and sealing the skylight, the air inlet, the air outlet and the wall panel by using a wide adhesive tape to avoid influencing the measurement of subsequent areas.
Respectively placing a device on the south wall and the east wall at a height of about 40cm from the ground, observing and recording the value for 1 day, and roughly determining the radiation value emitted by the soil outside the wall and the building materials on the wall surface;
respectively pasting a device on the wall at the height of 40cm from the ground to the south or east and other non-exterior wall walls, observing and recording the value of 1 day, and roughly determining the difference between the radiation value emitted by the wall building material contacting the soil and the radiation value emitted by the wall building material not contacting the soil;
a device is placed on the wall corner floor where the indoor air is least prone to disturbance, the value of 1 day is observed and recorded, the radiation value possibly brought by the floor material is roughly determined, and the difference of the radiation values at different positions in the room is known.
After the equipment is placed, the bedroom door is closed and is sealed by using a wide adhesive tape, so that the influence of air on the other parts of the basement is avoided.
When the device is placed, attention should be paid to the joint between the wall surface and the ground, the joint between the wall surface and the wall surface, and the joint between the bearing wall and the non-bearing wall of the wall surface, which may cause the change of the radiation value.
If the toilet is not involved, the toilet is considered as a single room, and the radiation value is monitored according to the steps. A drainage port, an exhaust fan and the like, and a measuring method of a wall surface line box and an air outlet.
The above steps are repeated with the room as a unit.
Such as any of the above values approaching or exceeding a threshold value (150 bq/m)3) The measurement time was extended in units of 24 hours, and the value every 1 day was observed and recorded continuously every day to understand the change. The condition is best to take 7 days as a measuring period.
And step three, respectively processing the overproof areas by using different materials. Take the case of step two as an example.
If the skylight is opened for outdoor radiation superscript, an obvious radiation pollution source exists outdoors and needs to be independently researched (for example, a nearby radioactive resource mine and the like are mined). The radon air naturally circulates outdoors, and research data of various countries do not find the situation of exceeding radiation standard, and are not in the discussion range of the method.
If the radiation of the air inlet or the sewer opening exceeds the standard, an obvious radiation pollution source may exist nearby outdoors or in a water source, and the independent analysis is needed.
If the radiation of the wall surface exceeds the standard, the radiation may be caused by soil outside the wall or building materials of the wall. Firstly, the overproof wall surface needs to be cleared, and the wall surface is required to be cleared to the cement base layer. Relates to a skirting line, which needs to be dismantled. The purpose of the step is to directly contact the radon gas-proof paint with the wall surface and prevent the increase of radiation value caused by radon gas leakage at the most basic layer.
Secondly, a towel or a brush is used for removing dust attached to the wall surface as far as possible, and the purpose of the step is to increase the adhesive force between the radon-gas-proof material and the wall surface and enhance the durability.
And thirdly, painting the materials with the function of preventing radon gas leakage for 2-3 times at the joints of the wall surfaces and the wall surfaces, the wall surfaces and the ground and the wall surfaces, and ensuring that the thickness exceeds 2 mm. The scheme uses a polyurethane pointing agent.
And then, integrally brushing the wall surface for 2-3 times by using a large-area radon gas-proof paint to ensure that the thickness exceeds 1 mm. The invention uses radon-proof air wall paint of a certain domestic brand.
And finally, after the material is completely dried, the wall surface is subjected to decoration and recovery, and the method is the same as the common construction steps, and is not described repeatedly.
For the radiation value exceeding caused by the wall building material, the radiation-proof flexible material is required to be added to cover the wall after the painting step, such as a polyethylene geomembrane. For residential environments, soft metal radiation protective cloth may be used. The latter case is used in the present case. For walls made of flexible materials, which cannot be restored by ordinary finishing in the following process, wallboard and other facing materials are suggested.
Waterproof paint can not be used for replacing radon gas emitting paint. Some waterproof coatings achieve waterproof performance by virtue of excellent water repellency, but the coating film is poor in air tightness and does not have the function of preventing diffusion and migration of radon gas.
Further, in the first step, the detection method adopts a pumping electrostatic collection energy spectrum analysis method, a pumping scintillation cell method, a pumping pulse ionization cell method or an activated carbon box-low background multi-channel gamma spectrometry method specified in 6.0.6 in GB50325-2020, the uncertainty of the measurement result should not be greater than 25% (k is 2), and the lower detection limit of the method should not be greater than 10Bq/m 3.
Further, in the first step, the detected area needs to be sealed for 24 hours before detection.
Further, in the second step, the handheld device adopts a radiation continuous monitoring reading type handheld device with a wide world use range, namely air things Home.
Further, in the second step, the sample of the passive diffusion chamber is analyzed by using an alpha spectrum analysis method, the range is 0-9999Bq/m3, the working condition temperature is 4-40 ℃, the humidity is less than 85%, the error range is less than 10% after 7 days when 200Bq/m3 is reached, and the error range is less than 5% after two months.
Further, in the second step, the detection conditions include parameters such as weather conditions, ventilation conditions, placement positions, daily values and the like.
Furthermore, in the second step, under the condition that only one parameter is changed each time, a region with higher radiation is found, and special attention needs to be paid to key regions which are easy to exceed the standard of radiation, such as wall surfaces, wall surface joints, wall surface electrical boxes, air exchange channels, water outlets, gas furnaces and the like which are in contact with soil.
Further, the third step comprises the following steps:
according to the material science, the material with regular molecular arrangement, high crystallization strength, large crystal area proportion and compact structure of the crystalline polymer, such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyamide and the like, is used for brushing the surface with leakage for 2-3 times, wherein the thickness of the surface is more than 2 mm;
the method 2, a special radon-gas-proof coating is used for brushing a large-area overproof area for 2-3 times, the brushing thickness is ensured to be more than 1mm, and the brushing is ensured to be as far as possible to the basic surface so as to achieve the best effect;
according to the method 3, aiming at the radiation overproof condition possibly existing in the material, the radiation-proof flexible material is used for carrying out isolation treatment on the material;
the method 4, aiming at the situation that radon radiation at the ventilation opening exceeds the standard, closing the ventilation opening;
and 5, taking a forced ventilation measure aiming at the condition that the radiation around the gas furnace exceeds the standard.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the method is used for performing indoor local reconstruction construction by using different materials and methods one by one aiming at the radon source of the finished building, has low cost, small difficulty and high speed, and can effectively reduce the radon radiation to be below the national required limiting concentration.
The invention aims at providing a comprehensive treatment scheme for the overproof indoor radiation aiming at the existing condition of houses in China. And (3) carrying out directional continuous monitoring on the overproof area in a targeted manner by using the portable equipment, finding out the area with overproof radiation and the reason for the overproof radiation, and processing the area by adopting a corresponding scheme.
The method can reduce the radiation standard exceeding caused by radon gas leakage and wall building materials on the premise of reducing the construction quantity as much as possible for the rooms which are built and even decorated.
The materials used in the method are molding materials which are conveniently found in the market, and the principle of the method has clear theoretical and practical demonstration at home and abroad.
The method has obvious effect of reducing radiation through actual operation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of a comprehensive indoor radon treatment method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for comprehensive treatment of indoor radon gas provided by the embodiment of the present invention is characterized by specifically comprising:
s101, detecting an area suspected of exceeding the standard of radon gas radiation, and if the detection result exceeds the national standard or is close to a critical value, performing S102;
s102, carrying out directional continuous detection on the interior of the region with overproof radiation by using handheld equipment;
and S103, respectively processing the overproof areas by using different materials.
In the S101, the detection method adopts the pump-pumping electrostatic collection energy spectrum analysis method, the pump-pumping scintillation chamber method, the pump-pumping pulse ionization chamber method or the activated carbon box-low background multi-channel gamma spectrum specified in 6.0.6 in GB50325-2020Measuring with an instrument method, the uncertainty of the measurement result should not be more than 25% (k is 2), and the detection lower limit of the method should not be more than 10Bq/m3。
In S101, the detected region needs to be sealed for 24 hours before detection.
In the step S102, the handheld device is a radiation continuous monitoring reading type handheld device, AirThings Home, which has a wide use range in the world.
In S102, the sample of the passive diffusion chamber is analyzed by using an alpha spectrum analysis method, the range is 0-9999Bq/m3, the working condition temperature is 4-40 ℃, the humidity is less than 85%, the error range is less than 10% after 7 days when 200Bq/m3 is reached, and the error range is less than 5% after two months.
In S102, the detection conditions include parameters such as weather conditions, ventilation conditions, placement positions, daily values, and the like.
In S102, under the condition that only one parameter is changed each time, a region with higher radiation is found, and special attention needs to be paid to key regions, such as wall surfaces, wall surface joints, wall surface electrical boxes, air exchange channels, water outlets, gas furnaces and the like, in which radiation is easy to exceed standards, which are in contact with soil.
The S103 comprises the following steps:
according to the material science, the material with regular molecular arrangement, high crystallization strength, large crystal area proportion and compact structure of the crystalline polymer, such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyamide and the like, is used for brushing the surface with leakage for 2-3 times, wherein the thickness of the surface is more than 2 mm;
the method 2, a special radon-gas-proof coating is used for brushing a large-area overproof area for 2-3 times, the brushing thickness is ensured to be more than 1mm, and the brushing is ensured to be as far as possible to the basic surface so as to achieve the best effect;
according to the method 3, aiming at the radiation overproof condition possibly existing in the material, the radiation-proof flexible material is used for carrying out isolation treatment on the material;
the method 4, aiming at the situation that radon radiation at the ventilation opening exceeds the standard, closing the ventilation opening;
and 5, taking a forced ventilation measure aiming at the condition that the radiation around the gas furnace exceeds the standard.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Examples
The invention provides an indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
monitoring an area suspected of exceeding the standard of radon gas radiation, and if the monitoring result exceeds the national standard or is close to a critical value, performing a second step;
secondly, directional continuous monitoring is carried out on the interior of the region with the radiation exceeding the standard by using handheld equipment; in order to find the reason causing the indoor radiation standard exceeding as fast as possible, the measurement of different characteristic areas in the room is needed under the condition that the external factors are as consistent as possible.
However, because radon radiation levels are affected by many factors, including but not limited to weather, temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, diffusion conditions, particle decay cycles, air flow, etc. (some of which are not measurable and are less likely to change); and large variation range (sometimes the variation range within 48 hours may exceed 200%).
Therefore, when measuring, a plurality of same devices are needed to measure different positions in the same area, so that the complicated influence factors can be not considered. According to long-time tests of a plurality of cases, the following method is strictly adhered to, and the overproof radiation source can be quickly and effectively found.
Confirmation of synchronization of representation values:
the 2-4 devices used for the measurement were put together, and the difference in the displayed value was observed for 1 day.
According to the tracking observation for 1 year, the measurement error of different devices is within +/-5 bq/m3, which is also the basic condition for selecting the device.
The apparatus provides 3 values: a long-term value (this is the value from start-up or reset to reading, which is mainly used to monitor the indoor radiation average for a long time, and is displayed as a larger number in the first row); a 7-day value (which is an average value obtained by advancing the reading time within 24 × 7 hours, and which is suitable for monitoring the radiation value in a short period of time and can be used as a basis for judging the indoor radiation condition, and the values are alternately displayed in the second row and the 1-day value); the 1 day value (this is the radiation value within 24 hours of advancing from the reading, which is the primary basis value for finding a source of radiation overproof, the values are displayed alternately in the second row and in the 7 day value).
In order to display more uniform numerical values and facilitate recording, all devices can be reset to zero together. (it should be noted here that since the apparatus is in a continuous measurement state, i.e. it is automatically monitored after being reset to zero, and the value of 1 day is displayed after 24 hours, it is required that all the apparatuses used for measurement are reset to zero at the same time to avoid possible errors caused by manual operation as much as possible).
Measurement of characteristic region:
taking the bedroom of the basement of a certain house in a certain cell as an example, the indoor characteristic situation is as follows:
is an underground floor of a 1-floor duplex building of a certain small high-rise building;
a total area of about 18 square meters, south, second use bedroom in house;
the south and east walls are in direct contact with soil (concrete pouring, external wall external heat preservation);
finishing the interior, namely filling cement mortar on the wall surface, leveling putty, pasting wallpaper, paving ceramic tiles on the ground, and arranging ceramic tiles on skirting lines;
with an openable skylight;
the air conditioner comprises a central air conditioner and fresh air equipment, an air outlet and an air return port;
the outdoor part is the other self-contained part of the underground, and the bedroom door is flat-open and can be closed;
no toilet is arranged indoors;
a reserved power socket is arranged on the wall;
aiming at the case that the radiation value exceeds the standard, the method for searching the radiation exceeding source comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining a radon radiation value of a position where gas is exchanged with indoor air;
opening the skylight, placing a device at a position as close as possible to the skylight, observing and recording the value for 1 day, and roughly determining the value of the outdoor radon radiation;
opening a fresh air device, placing a device at a position as close as possible to the indoor air outlet, observing and recording the value of 1 day, and roughly determining the radon radiation value of the circulating air in the air outlet;
detaching the wall panel, placing a device at a position as close as possible to the line box, observing and recording the numerical value of 1 day, and roughly determining the radon radiation numerical value of the position of the wall opening easy to leak;
and secondly, closing all indoor ventilation devices or equipment, and sealing the skylight, the air inlet, the air outlet and the wall panel by using a wide adhesive tape to avoid influencing the measurement of subsequent areas.
Respectively placing a device on the south wall and the east wall at a height of about 40cm from the ground, observing and recording the value for 1 day, and roughly determining the radiation value emitted by the soil outside the wall and the building materials on the wall surface;
respectively pasting a device on the wall at the height of 40cm from the ground to the south or east and other non-exterior wall walls, observing and recording the value of 1 day, and roughly determining the difference between the radiation value emitted by the wall building material contacting the soil and the radiation value emitted by the wall building material not contacting the soil;
a device is placed on the wall corner floor where the indoor air is least prone to disturbance, the value of 1 day is observed and recorded, the radiation value possibly brought by the floor material is roughly determined, and the difference of the radiation values at different positions in the room is known.
After the equipment is placed, the bedroom door is closed and is sealed by using a wide adhesive tape, so that the influence of air on the other parts of the basement is avoided.
When the device is placed, attention should be paid to the joint between the wall surface and the ground, the joint between the wall surface and the wall surface, and the joint between the bearing wall and the non-bearing wall of the wall surface, which may cause the change of the radiation value.
If the toilet is not involved, the toilet is considered as a single room, and the radiation value is monitored according to the steps. A drainage port, an exhaust fan and the like, and a measuring method of a wall surface line box and an air outlet. The above steps are repeated with the room as a unit.
If any of the above values approaches or exceeds the critical value (150bq/m3), the measurement time is prolonged by 24 hours, and the value of every 1 day is observed and recorded continuously every day, so that the change condition is known. The condition is best to take 7 days as a measuring period.
And step three, respectively processing the overproof areas by using different materials. Take the case of step two as an example.
If the skylight is opened for outdoor radiation superscript, an obvious radiation pollution source exists outdoors and needs to be independently researched (for example, a nearby radioactive resource mine and the like are mined). The radon air naturally circulates outdoors, and research data of various countries do not find the situation of exceeding radiation standard, and are not in the discussion range of the method.
If the radiation of the air inlet or the sewer opening exceeds the standard, an obvious radiation pollution source may exist nearby outdoors or in a water source, and the independent analysis is needed.
If the radiation of the wall surface exceeds the standard, the radiation may be caused by soil outside the wall or building materials of the wall. Firstly, the overproof wall surface needs to be cleared, and the wall surface is required to be cleared to the cement base layer. Relates to a skirting line, which needs to be dismantled. The purpose of the step is to directly contact the radon gas-proof paint with the wall surface and prevent the increase of radiation value caused by radon gas leakage at the most basic layer.
Secondly, a towel or a brush is used for removing dust attached to the wall surface as far as possible, and the purpose of the step is to increase the adhesive force between the radon-gas-proof material and the wall surface and enhance the durability.
And thirdly, painting the materials with the function of preventing radon gas leakage for 2-3 times at the joints of the wall surfaces and the wall surfaces, the wall surfaces and the ground and the wall surfaces, and ensuring that the thickness exceeds 2 mm. The scheme uses a polyurethane pointing agent.
And then, integrally brushing the wall surface for 2-3 times by using a large-area radon gas-proof paint to ensure that the thickness exceeds 1 mm. The invention uses radon-proof air wall paint of a certain domestic brand.
And finally, after the material is completely dried, the wall surface is repaired and restored by the same method as the common construction steps.
For the radiation value exceeding caused by the wall building material, the radiation-proof flexible material is required to be added to cover the wall after the painting step, such as a polyethylene geomembrane. For residential environments, soft metal radiation protective cloth may be used. The latter case is used in the present case. For walls made of flexible materials, which cannot be restored by ordinary finishing in the following process, wallboard and other facing materials are suggested. Waterproof paint can not be used for replacing radon gas emitting paint. Some waterproof coatings achieve waterproof performance by virtue of excellent water repellency, but the coating film is poor in air tightness and does not have the function of preventing diffusion and migration of radon gas.
The scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: step one, detecting an area with excessive radon radiation, and if the radon radiation exceeds a critical value, performing step two;
secondly, carrying out directional detection on the interior of the region with overproof radiation by utilizing handheld equipment;
and step three, respectively processing the overproof areas by using different materials.
2. The indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first step is carried out on the radon gas radiation overproof region by adopting a pumping electrostatic collection energy spectrum analysis method, a pumping scintillation chamber method, a pumping pulse ionization chamber method or an activated carbon box-low background multichannel gamma spectrometry method.
3. The indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detected area is sealed for 24 hours before detection in the first step.
4. The indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said second step, the hand-held device analyzes the passive diffusion chamber sample by using alpha spectroscopy.
5. The indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detection conditions in the second step include weather conditions, ventilation conditions, placement positions, and daily value parameters.
6. The indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the area with overproof radiation in the second step comprises: the wall surface, the wall surface joint, the wall surface electric box, the air exchange channel, the water outlet and the gas furnace area which are in contact with the soil.
7. The indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said second step further comprises:
(1) confirming the synchronization of the display numerical values;
(2) measuring a characteristic region;
(3) searching a radiation overproof source:
firstly, determining a radon radiation value of a position where gas is exchanged with indoor air;
secondly, closing all indoor ventilation devices or equipment, and sealing the skylight, the air inlet, the air outlet and the wall surface panel by using a wide adhesive tape to determine the radiation value emitted by the soil outside the wall and the building materials on the wall surface; and determining the difference between the radiation value emitted by the wall building material contacting the soil and the radiation value emitted by the wall building material not contacting the soil.
8. The indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising in the third step:
the material with regular molecular arrangement, high crystallization strength, large crystal area proportion and compact structure is used for brushing the surface with leakage for 2-3 times, wherein the thickness of the surface with leakage is more than 2mm, and the material comprises polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride and polyamide.
9. The indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step three further comprises: and (3) brushing the overproof area for 2-3 times by using the radon gas-proof paint, wherein the brushing thickness is more than 1mm, and brushing the paint to the basic surface.
10. The indoor radon gas comprehensive treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step three further comprises: isolating the overproof area by using a radiation-proof flexible material, and sealing a vent; ventilating the area with excessive radiation around the gas furnace.
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