CN114371141A - Method for evaluating dispersibility of nano combustion catalyst in coarse-particle ammonium perchlorate - Google Patents
Method for evaluating dispersibility of nano combustion catalyst in coarse-particle ammonium perchlorate Download PDFInfo
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- GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(Br)C=C GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 83
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002211 ultraviolet spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 ammonium perchlorate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002477 CuCr2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001938 differential scanning calorimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- JGDFBJMWFLXCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper chromite Chemical compound [Cu]=O.[Cu]=O.O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O JGDFBJMWFLXCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/33—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation method for the dispersibility of a nano combustion catalyst in coarse ammonium perchlorate, which qualitatively represents the dispersibility of the nano combustion catalyst in the coarse ammonium perchlorate by the difference of solid ultraviolet spectrums of a nano combustion catalyst/coarse ammonium perchlorate compound obtained by ultrasonic dispersion at different times, and quantitatively represents the dispersibility of the nano combustion catalyst in the coarse ammonium perchlorate by mathematical fitting. The method has the characteristics of simplicity, safety, reliability, strong reproducibility and the like; the ultrasonic method hardly changes the granularity of the coarse ammonium perchlorate, and can better distribute the nano combustion catalyst on the surface of the coarse ammonium perchlorate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energetic materials, in particular to a method for quantitatively evaluating the dispersibility of a nano combustion catalyst in coarse-particle ammonium perchlorate.
Background
Ammonium Perchlorate (AP) is the most widely used oxidizer for solid propellants, and the use amount of the ammonium perchlorate in the composite solid propellant and the composite modified double-base propellant is large and can reach 60-90% of the total mass of the propellant. Currently, AP is generally classified into coarse particles and ultra-fine AP, and the coarse particles AP have a high density and can increase the density of the propellant, thereby increasing the energy level of the propellant, and therefore, the coarse particles AP are widely applied to various types of solid propellants. In an AP-based solid propellant, a nano combustion catalyst is usually added to promote the thermal decomposition of coarse particles AP, so that the burning rate and the comprehensive performance of the propellant are improved.
In the prior art, a method for adding a nano combustion catalyst into coarse particles AP generally comprises a mechanical stirring method and an ultrasonic dispersion method, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion method is to adopt ethyl acetate and the like as a dispersing agent and compound the nano combustion catalyst and the coarse particles AP through ultrasonic dispersion, however, the dispersion degrees of nano combustion catalyst/coarse particle AP compounds obtained at different mixing times are different, but at present, a quantitative evaluation method of the nano combustion catalyst in the coarse particles AP still does not exist, so that the method cannot guide us to obtain the nano combustion catalyst/coarse particle AP compounds with high dispersion degree and apply the nano combustion catalyst/coarse particle AP compounds to AP-based propellants. Therefore, the method breaks through the quantitative evaluation method of the dispersibility of the nano combustion catalyst in the coarse particles AP, and has important significance for obtaining propellant products with high quality and stable performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a quantitative evaluation method for the dispersibility of a nano combustion catalyst in coarse particles AP, which belongs to a physical method, has the characteristics of simplicity, high efficiency, strong reproducibility and the like, and can qualitatively and quantitatively represent the dispersibility of the nano combustion catalyst in the coarse particles AP so as to guide the acquisition of the nano combustion catalyst/coarse particles AP of the nano combustion catalyst with high dispersibility.
The technical solution for realizing the invention is as follows: a method for quantitatively evaluating the dispersibility of a nano combustion catalyst in coarse ammonium perchlorate comprises the following steps:
firstly, respectively testing solid ultraviolet spectrums of a nano combustion catalyst and coarse particles AP for multiple times;
secondly, reading a fixed wavelength lambda within the range of 210-214 nmiTaking the solid ultraviolet absorbance values of the lower coarse particle AP and the nanometer combustion catalyst, and respectively recording the average values of multiple tests as a and b;
thirdly, taking the nano combustion catalyst/coarse particle AP compound prepared by ultrasonic dispersion for not less than 90min as a standard test sample, measuring the solid ultraviolet spectrum of the standard test sample for multiple times, and reading a fixed wavelength lambda within the range of 210-214 nmiSetting the solid ultraviolet absorbance value, and calculating the average value as c;
fourthly, taking the nano combustion catalyst/coarse particle AP compound prepared by ultrasonic dispersion at different time as a sample to be measured, measuring the solid ultraviolet spectrum of the sample to be measured for multiple times, and reading a fixed wavelength lambda within the range of 210-214 nmiAnd (3) calculating the solid ultraviolet absorbance value, calculating the average value of the solid ultraviolet absorbance value, and marking the average value as x, wherein the dispersion uniformity y of the nano combustion catalyst in the sample to be detected is represented by a formula of y ═ x-a)/(c-a).
Further, in the first step, the nano-burning catalyst is a common catalyst, and comprises nano copper chromite (CuCr)2O4) Nano copper oxide (CuO) and nano iron oxide (Fe)2O3) Etc.; the average particle size of the coarse particles AP is in the range of 60 to 350. mu.m.
Furthermore, in the first step, the third step and the fourth step, the times of multiple tests are not less than 3; the range of the solid ultraviolet testing wavelength is 190-800 nm.
Further, in the third step, the content of the nano combustion catalyst in the nano combustion catalyst/coarse particle AP composite is 0.1% -5%, and ethyl acetate or ethanol is used as a dispersing agent; the ultrasonic power is less than or equal to 40W, so that the influence on the particle size of the coarse particles AP is avoided under the ultrasonic action.
Further, in the second to fourth steps, λi＝212nm。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention adopts a physical ultrasonic method to perform the dispersivity characterization of the nano combustion catalyst in the coarse particle Ammonium Perchlorate (AP), and the method has the characteristics of simplicity, safety, reliability, strong reproducibility and the like; the ultrasonic method hardly changes the particle size of the coarse particles AP, and simultaneously can better distribute the nano combustion catalyst on the surface of the coarse particles AP.
(2) The invention can qualitatively represent the dispersity of the nanometer combustion catalyst in the coarse particles AP through the difference of solid ultraviolet spectrums of the nanometer combustion catalyst and the coarse particles AP composite, and can quantitatively represent the dispersity of the nanometer combustion catalyst in the coarse particles AP through mathematical fitting.
(3) The invention is a brand new innovation, and fundamentally solves the difficult problem of the dispersion characterization of the nano combustion catalyst in coarse Ammonium Perchlorate (AP).
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the nano-CuCr in example 12O4The solid uv absorption spectrum was tested 3 times.
FIG. 2 is the UV absorption spectrum of the solid obtained by 3 AP tests on coarse particles in example 1.
FIG. 3 is the nano CuCr treated by ultrasound for 90min in example 12O4The/coarse particle AP complex was tested 3 times for solid UV absorption spectra.
FIG. 4 shows that nano CuCr with different dispersivity is obtained in example 1 at different ultrasonic time2O4Solid uv absorption spectrum of the complex/coarse particle AP.
FIG. 5 shows that nano CuCr with different dispersivity is obtained in example 1 at different ultrasonic time2O4DSC curve of complex/coarse AP.
Detailed Description
For further description of the invention, the invention will be further elucidated with reference to an embodiment and a drawing, without being limited to said embodiment.
The invention provides a method for quantitatively characterizing the dispersibility of a nano combustion catalyst in coarse particles AP, which has the following specific principle:
testing the powder sample by using a solid ultraviolet spectrometer, wherein when light beams are incident to a powdery crystal surface layer, a part of light generates mirror reflection on each crystal surface of the surface layer; the other part of light is refracted into the surface crystal grains, is partially absorbed and then is emitted to the interface of the internal crystal grains, and then is reflected, refracted and absorbed. This is repeated several times and finally reflected in all directions by the surface of the powder, which is called diffuse reflection. The diffuse reflected light is light that interacts with the interior of the sample molecules, thus carrying structural and compositional information of the sample. The better the nano-combustion catalyst disperses in the coarse particles AP, the higher its absorbance value shows in the uv-visible diffuse reflectance spectrum. Therefore, the method for characterizing the dispersibility of the nano-combustion catalyst in the ultra-coarse particle AP is constructed by utilizing the property of the difference of ultraviolet diffuse reflection spectra between the nano-combustion catalyst and the coarse particle AP.
The method for characterizing the dispersibility of the nano combustion catalyst in the coarse particles AP comprises the following steps:
firstly, respectively sampling for 3 times, testing coarse particle AP and nano CuCr2O4The solid ultraviolet spectrum has a solid ultraviolet test wavelength range of 190-800 nm. It was found that the respective solid uv spectra curves of the nano-combustion catalyst and the coarse particle AP sampled 3 times almost completely coincide at a wavelength λ of 212nm, and the solid uv absorbance values of the coarse particle AP and the nano-combustion catalyst were read at λ of 212nm and the average values thereof were calculated and respectively denoted as a and b.
And secondly, when the content of the nano combustion catalyst is 0.1-5%, efficiently compounding the nano combustion catalyst and the coarse particles AP for not less than 90min by adopting an ultrasonic dispersion method to obtain a nano combustion catalyst/coarse particle AP compound I, wherein the nano combustion catalyst/coarse particle AP compound I is used as a standard test sample, and the compound can be used as a reference object of other compounds to be tested at different compounding time because the nano combustion catalyst and the coarse particle AP can be uniformly compounded by ultrasonic dispersion compounding for not less than 90min under a certain nano combustion catalyst content.
Thirdly, measuring the solid ultraviolet spectrum of the standard test sample for 3 times, reading the average absorbance value of the solid ultraviolet spectrum of the standard test sample at the lambda of 212nm, and recording the average absorbance value as c;
fourthly, under the condition of the nano combustion catalyst with the same kind and content as the standard test sample, taking the nano combustion catalyst/coarse particle AP compound prepared by ultrasonic dispersion for different time as a sample to be tested, measuring the solid ultraviolet spectrum of the sample to be tested for multiple times, and reading a fixed wavelength lambda within the lambda range of 210-214 nmiAnd (3) setting the solid ultraviolet absorbance value, calculating the average value of the solid ultraviolet absorbance value, and recording the average value as x, and representing the dispersibility of the nano combustion catalyst in other nano combustion catalyst/coarse particle AP compounds to be detected by using the dispersion uniformity. Namely, the formula y is (x-a)/(c-a) to characterize the dispersion uniformity y of the nano combustion catalyst in the nano combustion catalyst/coarse particle AP composite to be tested.
Example 1:
the first step is as follows: respectively sampling and testing for 3 times of nano CuCr2O4Coarse particles AP having an average particle diameter of 160 μm, and the solid UV spectrum thereof was measured. The solid ultraviolet test wavelength range is 190-800nm, the solid ultraviolet absorbance values of the 160 mu m coarse particle AP and the nanometer combustion catalyst are read at the lambda of 212nm, and the average values are calculated and are respectively recorded as 0.365(a) and 0.970 (b).
The second step is that: nano CuCr2O4The content of the nano CuCr is 2 percent, and an ultrasonic dispersion method is adopted to carry out treatment on the nano CuCr2O4Performing high-efficiency compounding with 160 mu m coarse particles AP for 90min to obtain the nano CuCr with ultrasonic wave for 90min2O4Coarse particle AP complex of 160 μm (sample 1), the ultrasonic dispersion being ethyl acetate.
The third step: the solid uv spectrum of sample 1 was tested 3 times each. The average solid uv absorbance value of sample 1 read at λ ═ 212nm was 0.926 (c).
The fourth step: respectively measuring 3 times of other nano CuCr to be measured2O4Coarse particle AP composite of 160 mu mSolid uv spectra of samples (10min, 30min and 50min) were obtained and the average solid uv absorbance values of samples 2-4 were read at λ ═ 212nm (see table 1). The nano CuCr to be detected is characterized by the dispersion uniformity, namely the formula y ═ x-a)/(c-a2O4Nano CuCr in coarse particle AP composite with particle size of 160 mu m2O4Wherein x is the nano CuCr to be measured2O4Average solid UV absorbance values for the 160 μm coarse particle AP complex (i.e., samples 2-4). The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Nano CuCr under different compounding conditions2O4Comparison of Dispersion in 160 μm coarse particle AP composite and DSC data
Example 2:
the first step is as follows: respectively sampling and testing for 3 times of nano CuCr2O4Coarse particles AP having an average particle diameter of 64 μm, and the solid UV spectrum thereof was measured. The solid ultraviolet test wavelength range is 190-800nm, the values of the ultraviolet absorbance of the solid at λ ═ 212nm of the 64 μm coarse particle AP and the nano combustion catalyst were read, and the average values thereof were calculated and recorded as 0.376(a) and 0.970(b), respectively.
The second step is that: nano CuCr2O4The content of the nano CuCr is 2 percent, and an ultrasonic dispersion method is adopted to carry out treatment on the nano CuCr2O4And 64 mu m coarse particles AP are efficiently compounded for 90min to obtain a nano combustion catalyst/64 mu m coarse particle AP compound I (sample 5) with ultrasonic wave for 90min, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion liquid is ethyl acetate.
The third step: the solid uv spectrum of sample 5 was tested 3 times each. The average solid uv absorbance value of sample 5 read at λ 212nm was 0.894 (c).
The fourth step: respectively measuring 3 times of other nano CuCr to be measured2O4Coarse particle AP of 64 μmComposite (10min, 30min and 50min) solid uv spectra, and average solid uv absorbance values of samples 6-8 were read at λ ═ 212nm (see table 2). The nano CuCr to be detected is characterized by the dispersion uniformity, namely the formula y ═ x-a)/(c-a2O4Nano CuCr in coarse particle AP composite with particle size of 64 mu m2O4Wherein x is the nano CuCr to be measured2O4Average solid UV absorbance values for the 64 μm coarse particle AP complex (i.e., samples 6-8). The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Nano CuCr under different compounding conditions2O4Comparison of Dispersion in 64 μm coarse particle AP composite and DSC data
Characterization test:
with nano CuCr2O4The dispersibility in the coarse particles AP is characterized as an example. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively, it can be found that 3 times of nano CuCr tests are performed at a wavelength λ of 210-214 nm2O4Almost completely coincides with the solid uv spectrum curve of the coarse particle AP powder sample. Shows that the nano CuCr is utilized2O4Performing nano CuCr by difference of ultraviolet spectrum of coarse particle AP solid2O4Characterization of the dispersion in the coarse particles AP is possible.
FIG. 3 is a nano CuCr with ultrasound for 90min2O4The/coarse particle AP complex was tested 3 times for solid UV absorption spectra. It can be seen that the solid ultraviolet absorbance value of the CuCr-based nano-material at the wavelength lambda of 210-214 nm is relatively close to that of pure nano-CuCr2O4The solid ultraviolet absorption photometric value in this band.
The nano CuCr is established2O4Based on a coarse particle AP dispersibility characterization method, a series ofNano CuCr with different dispersivity2O4Coarse particle AP complex. FIG. 4 shows that nano CuCr with different dispersivity is obtained by different ultrasonic time2O4Solid uv absorption spectrum of the complex/coarse particle AP. As can be seen, the nano CuCr is generated along with the extension of the ultrasonic time2O4The better the dispersion in the coarse particles AP.
Further obtains the nano CuCr with different dispersivity for different ultrasonic time2O4The DSC curve of the composite/coarse particle AP is shown in figure 5, and the DSC curve can be found along with the nano CuCr2O4Improved dispersibility in coarse particle AP, nano CuCr2O4The peak temperature of pyrolysis of the coarse particle AP compound is continuously reduced, the catalytic performance is continuously improved, and the improvement of the nano CuCr is proved2O4The dispersibility in the coarse particles AP can improve the catalytic performance.
Nano CuCr with different ultrasonic time and different dispersivity2O4Nano CuCr in coarse particle AP compound2O4The solid UV absorbance, dispersibility and DSC data of (1) are compared as shown in Table 1. It can be more clearly seen that the nano CuCr2O4The dispersion of (a) and its catalytic properties are positively correlated. The discovery is still applicable to the relation of the dispersibility and the catalytic performance of the nano combustion catalyst in other coarse particles AP, and has important significance for fully playing the catalytic effect of the nano combustion catalyst and improving the comprehensive performance of explosives and powders.
Claims (6)
1. A method for evaluating the dispersibility of a nano combustion catalyst in coarse ammonium perchlorate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, respectively testing solid ultraviolet spectrums of the nano combustion catalyst and the coarse-particle ammonium perchlorate for multiple times;
secondly, reading the solid ultraviolet absorbance values of the coarse-grain ammonium perchlorate and the nano combustion catalyst under a certain fixed wavelength within a wavelength range of 210-214 nm, and respectively recording the average values of multiple tests asaAndb；
thirdly, taking the nano combustion catalyst/coarse-particle ammonium perchlorate compound obtained by ultrasonic dispersion for not less than 90min as a standard test sample, testing the solid ultraviolet spectrum of the standard test sample for multiple times, reading the solid ultraviolet absorbance value of the standard test sample under a certain fixed wavelength within the wavelength range of 210-214 nm, calculating the average value of the solid ultraviolet absorbance values, and recording the average value asc；
Fourthly, taking the nano combustion catalyst/coarse-particle ammonium perchlorate compound obtained by ultrasonic dispersion at different time as a sample to be tested, testing the solid ultraviolet spectrum of the sample to be tested for multiple times, reading the solid ultraviolet absorbance value of the sample under a certain fixed wavelength within the wavelength range of 210-214 nm, calculating the average value, and recording the average value asx，By the formulay=(x-a)/(c-a) Characterization of the dispersion uniformity of the nano-combustion catalyst in the sample to be testedy。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the nano-combustion catalyst comprises any one or more of nano-copper chromite, nano-copper oxide and nano-iron oxide.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the coarse ammonium perchlorate particles have a mean particle size of from 60 to 350 μm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in the first step, the third step and the fourth step, the number of the plurality of tests is not less than 3; the range of the solid ultraviolet testing wavelength is 190-800 nm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the nano combustion catalyst/coarse particle ammonium perchlorate composite has a nano combustion catalyst content of 0.1% to 5%, ethyl acetate or ethanol as a dispersant; the ultrasonic power is less than or equal to 40W.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in the second to fourth steps, the fixed wavelength is 212 nm.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102259909A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2011-11-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | Preparation method of lead carbonate combustion catalyst for solid propellant |
| CN102338747A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-02-01 | 南京理工大学 | Quantitative measurement method for dispersity of nanometer material |
| CN113058599A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of Ag/ZnO catalyst and application of Ag/ZnO catalyst in catalyzing thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102338747A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-02-01 | 南京理工大学 | Quantitative measurement method for dispersity of nanometer material |
| CN102259909A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2011-11-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | Preparation method of lead carbonate combustion catalyst for solid propellant |
| CN113058599A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of Ag/ZnO catalyst and application of Ag/ZnO catalyst in catalyzing thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 邵方: "纳米燃烧催化剂在超细高氯酸按中的分散性研究", 《中国优秀硕士论文电子期刊，工程科技Ⅰ辑》, 15 June 2020 (2020-06-15), pages 2 * |
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