CN114370599B - LNG receiving station precooling type BOG recondensing system - Google Patents
LNG receiving station precooling type BOG recondensing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114370599B CN114370599B CN202111564817.8A CN202111564817A CN114370599B CN 114370599 B CN114370599 B CN 114370599B CN 202111564817 A CN202111564817 A CN 202111564817A CN 114370599 B CN114370599 B CN 114370599B
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- lng
- bog
- pressure pump
- heat exchanger
- storage tank
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- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 LNG Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an LNG receiving station pre-cooling BOG recondensing system, which comprises: an LNG storage tank; the LNG unloading arm is connected with the LNG storage tank, the BOG buffer tank, condensed strand LNG and bypass LNG are connected with the LNG storage tank through pipelines; a compressor connected to the BOG buffer tank; a heat exchanger connected to the compressor, a gasifier connected to the heat exchanger; a recondensor is connected between the heat exchanger and the gasifier. According to the invention, after the heat exchanger is added between the compressor and the recondenser, the low-temperature LNG at the outlet of the partial high-pressure pump can be utilized to pre-cool the BOG before the BOG enters recondenser while the cold energy of the LNG receiving station is fully utilized, namely, the pre-cooling BOG recondenser technology is adopted, and the energy consumption of the system is effectively reduced when the BOG treatment capacity is the same.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy, in particular to a pre-cooling BOG recondensing system of an LNG receiving station.
Background
The natural gas is used as one of the main energy sources of the modern clean energy system in China, the ratio of the natural gas is gradually increased in the consumption of primary energy, and the number of liquefied natural gas (Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG, natural gas) storage tanks in China is also continuously increased. With the construction and operation of LNG receiving stations, problems in the operation of the BOG processing system in the receiving stations also occur one by one. Terminal gas users facing the LNG receiving station are urban residents, industrial factories, power plants and the like, and the gas consumption of the users directly determines the output flow of the LNG receiving station. However, these end users are constantly changing in gas usage during different gas usage periods each day and different gas usage seasons each year, resulting in fluctuating LNG flow rates from the receiving station at all times. The generation amount of flash Gas (BOG) in the LNG receiving station is influenced by various factors, the generation amount fluctuates greatly, and the BOG amount can reach several times of that of the ship unloading operation, so that the operation working condition of a BOG processing system of the receiving station is always in variation. If the BOG is improperly treated, the LNG storage tank is overpressured to be dangerous, and the resource waste is caused by discharging the flare. The continual rise in the trade price of LNG and the increasingly aggressive market competition place demands on LNG receiving station equipment and BOG recovery process operations to reduce energy consumption.
For energy-type LNG receiving stations, recondensing technology (i.e., BOG recondensing technology) is commonly adopted at both home and abroad. After the outward-conveying LNG flow is pumped out from the LNG storage tank, the outward-conveying LNG flow is divided into two paths: one way is taken as the recondensed LNG to enter the recondenser for condensing BOG, and the other way is taken as the bypass LNG to be directly connected to the inlet of the high-pressure pump. BOG and recondensed LNG after less pressure boost gets into the direct mixing contact heat transfer in the recondenser, utilizes the cold energy of the LNG of certain supercooling degree after the pressure boost to totally liquefy BOG, and liquefied LNG gets into the high-pressure pump pressure boost together with bypass LNG, gets into the gasifier gasification back and exports. The compressor is an important device for influencing the energy consumption of the receiving station, and the operation parameters of the compressor have great influence on the operation of the BOG recondensing system, so that the energy consumption of the system is high.
Accordingly, there is a need for improvement and advancement in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a BOG recondensing system for an LNG receiving station, wherein the system comprises: an LNG storage tank; the LNG unloading arm is connected with the LNG storage tank, the BOG buffer tank, condensed strand LNG and bypass LNG are connected with the LNG storage tank through pipelines; a compressor connected to the BOG buffer tank; a heat exchanger connected to the compressor, a gasifier connected to the heat exchanger; a recondensor is connected between the heat exchanger and the gasifier.
In one implementation, the bypass LNG is connected to a high pressure pump, the high pressure pump is connected to the heat exchanger through a first electromagnetic three-way valve, and the high pressure pump is connected to the vaporizer through a second electromagnetic three-way valve.
In one implementation, a third electromagnetic three-way valve is disposed between the bypass LNG and the high pressure pump, and the bypass LNG, the high pressure pump, and the recondensor are respectively connected with the third electromagnetic three-way valve.
In one implementation, the condensed LNG stream is coupled to the recondenser.
In one implementation, the condensed LNG is connected to the bypass LNG via a fourth electromagnetic three-way valve.
In one implementation, the LNG storage tank is connected to the BOG buffer tank through a fifth electromagnetic three-way valve.
In one implementation, a low pressure pump is disposed within the LNG storage tank.
In one implementation, the compressor discharge temperature is-45 to-10 ℃.
In one implementation, the high pressure pump outlet temperature is less than-125 ℃.
In one implementation, the gasifier is connected with a sea water pump.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention provides an LNG receiving station precooling BOG recondensing system, which comprises the following components: an LNG storage tank; the LNG unloading arm is connected with the LNG storage tank, the BOG buffer tank, condensed strand LNG and bypass LNG are connected with the LNG storage tank through pipelines; a compressor connected to the BOG buffer tank; a heat exchanger connected to the compressor, a gasifier connected to the heat exchanger; a recondensor is connected between the heat exchanger and the gasifier. According to the invention, after the heat exchanger is added between the compressor and the recondenser, the low-temperature LNG at the outlet of the partial high-pressure pump can be utilized to pre-cool the BOG before the BOG enters recondenser while the cold energy of the LNG receiving station is fully utilized, namely, the pre-cooling BOG recondenser technology is adopted, and the energy consumption of the system is effectively reduced when the BOG treatment capacity is the same.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an LNG receiving station pre-cooling BOG recondensing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present embodiment provides a BOG recondensing system of an LNG receiving station, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes: an LNG storage tank; the LNG unloading arm is connected with the LNG storage tank, the BOG buffer tank, condensed strand LNG and bypass LNG are connected with the LNG storage tank through pipelines; a compressor connected to the BOG buffer tank; a heat exchanger connected to the compressor, a gasifier connected to the heat exchanger; a recondensor is connected between the heat exchanger and the gasifier. According to the embodiment, after the heat exchanger is added between the compressor and the recondenser, the BOG before recondensing is pre-cooled by utilizing part of low-temperature LNG at the high-pressure pump outlet while cold energy of the LNG receiving station is fully utilized, namely, a pre-cooling BOG recondensing process is adopted, and when BOG treatment capacity is the same, system energy consumption is effectively reduced.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a low-pressure pump is provided in the LNG tank in the present embodiment. The LNG energy storage tank is provided with three interfaces, one of the interfaces is connected with an LNG unloading arm, the second interface is led out from a low-pressure pump and is connected with an LNG storage tank, the third interface is connected with a fifth electromagnetic three-way valve, and the fifth electromagnetic three-way valve is connected with a BOG buffer tank. Further, in this embodiment, the bypass LNG is connected to a high pressure pump, the high pressure pump is connected to the heat exchanger through a first electromagnetic three-way valve, and the high pressure pump is connected to the vaporizer through a second electromagnetic three-way valve. And a third electromagnetic three-way valve is arranged between the bypass LNG and the high-pressure pump, the bypass LNG, the high-pressure pump and the recondensor are respectively connected with the third electromagnetic three-way valve, and the condensed strand LNG is connected with the recondensor. And the condensed LNG strand is connected with the bypass LNG through the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a low-pressure pump is led out to a pipeline connected to an LNG tank and connected to a bypass LNG via an electromagnetic three-way valve (the electromagnetic three-way valve is a sixth electromagnetic three-way valve), and the other end of the bypass LNG is connected to an inlet of a high-pressure pump via a third electromagnetic three-way valve. The BOG buffer tank is linked with a compressor, and the recondenser is provided with two inlets, one of which is connected with the compressor and the other with condensed LNG. The recondensor has two outlets, one of which is connected to a third electromagnetic three-way valve between the bypass LNG and the high pressure pump. As can be seen from fig. 1, the outlet of the high-pressure pump in this embodiment is connected to a vaporizer through a first electromagnetic three-way valve and a second electromagnetic three-way valve, respectively, and the vaporizer is connected to a sea water pump. And a second electromagnetic three-way valve positioned between the high-pressure pump and the gasifier is connected with the heat exchanger, and is further connected with an inlet of the compressor. The first electromagnetic three-way valve is connected with an outlet of the heat exchanger. In this embodiment, the low-temperature LNG at the outlet of the high-pressure pump pre-cools the BOG at the inlet of the recondensor, and the pre-cooled LNG is mixed with another strand of low-temperature LNG at the outlet of the high-pressure pump and then enters the vaporizer. The exhaust temperature of the compressor is maintained within the range of-45 to-10 ℃, the LNG temperature at the outlet of the high-pressure pump is generally lower than-125 ℃, the temperature difference between the LNG temperature and the LNG temperature is large, and the LNG temperature has sufficient heat exchange conditions. If the compressor outlet pressure is reduced from 750kPa to 500kPa, the total energy consumption of the receiving station is reduced by 10.15% and the total energy consumption is reduced by 20.79% when the temperature entering the recondenser is reduced by 60 ℃.
In this embodiment, after heat exchange cooling in the recondensing process with pre-cooling, the BOG temperature before entering the recondensing device is cooled to-100 ℃, and the lower the BOG temperature entering the recondensing device is, the lower the minimum output amount required by the receiving station for stable operation is. The minimum export required for the LNG receiving station is 62.26t/h when the temperature entering the recondenser is-100 c. There is a pressure drop of 10kPa in the heat exchanger. To further illustrate the effectiveness of this embodiment, the compressor efficiency was taken to be 80% and the other parameters were kept consistent, comparing the pre-cooled BOG recondensing process of this embodiment with the original BOG recondensing system process.
The main process parameter calculation results of the two processes are shown in table 1 when the original recondensing process and the precooling BOG recondensing process are operated at the respective minimum output under the condition that the BOG throughput is the same.
TABLE 1
The recondensing process is the same as the pre-cooling type BOG recondensing process, and when the BOG treatment capacity is the same, the condensed LNG flow of the pre-cooling type BOG recondensing process, the bypass flow and the minimum delivery are smaller than those of the original recondensing process. This is because in the pre-chilled recondensing process, the BOG inlet temperature of the recondenser is reduced from-40 ℃ to-100 ℃ and the mass flow of the condensed stream of LNG required to condense the same mass of BOG is reduced from 60.3t/h to 50.22t/h. The BOG mass flow is unchanged and the mass ratio is reduced from 7.893 to 6.574. The recondensor outlet LNG is cooler so that less bypass flow is required than in the original BOG recondensing process to ensure that the high pressure pump does not cavitation. The reduced credit of condensate LNG mass flow and recondenser bypass flow reduces the minimum offtake to meet receiving station stationary operation. The minimum external output is reduced from 73.265t/h to 62.26t/h, and the minimum external output is reduced by 15.02%.
The compressor outlet pressures of the original recondensing process and the pre-cooling recondensing process are 550 kPa, so that the energy consumption of the two processes is the same and 378.1kW. However, due to the reduction of the outflow of the LNG from the storage tank and the outflow of the receiving station, the energy consumption of the three devices of the low-pressure pump, the high-pressure pump and the seawater pump is reduced, and the total energy consumption of the system is also reduced. Wherein the low pressure pump energy consumption is reduced by 16.75%. The output flow is reduced, the energy consumption of the high-pressure pump is reduced by 15.03 percent under the condition that the temperature conditions of inlet and outlet pressure are almost unchanged, and the energy consumption of the seawater pump is reduced by 16.76 percent due to the reduction of the heat exchange quantity of the gasifier. The total energy consumption of the pre-cooling type recondensing process is 809.5kW, which is compared with 886.6kW of the original recondensing process, and the energy consumption is saved by 8.7%.
Therefore, after the liquid cargo in the embodiment enters the LNG storage tank through the LNG unloading arm, the LNG is compressed and cooled through the low-pressure pump and then is divided into two paths, and the upper part of the recondenser is removed from the upper part of the recondenser to condense BOG; the other path is mixed with condensate after passing through the lower part of the condenser of the compressor. BOG generated in the storage tank and unloading process and BOG generated by line changing leakage heat are buffered and separated in a buffer tank, gas-phase BOG enters a compressor again to be pressurized, the pressurized BOG exchanges heat with supercooled LNG pressurized by a low-pressure pump in a recondensor, and finally is fully condensed, and then is mixed with LNG at the lower part of the recondensor, pressurized to the pipe network pressure by a high-pressure pump, and then is conveyed to a gasifier for gasification, and the pipe network is input. In the embodiment, the exhaust temperature of the BOG compressor is maintained within the range of-45 to-10 ℃, the LNG temperature at the outlet of the high-pressure pump is generally lower than-125 ℃, the temperature difference between the LNG temperature and the LNG temperature is large, and the high-pressure pump has sufficient heat exchange conditions. If the compressor outlet pressure is reduced from 750kPa to 500kPa, the total energy consumption of the receiving station is reduced by 10.15% and the total energy consumption is reduced by 20.79% when the temperature entering the recondenser is reduced by 60 ℃. To ensure proper operating pressure of the recondensor, the compressor outlet pressure cannot be too low while preventing cavitation of the high pressure pump.
In summary, the invention discloses a precooling BOG recondensing system of an LNG receiving station, which comprises: an LNG storage tank; the LNG unloading arm is connected with the LNG storage tank, the BOG buffer tank, condensed strand LNG and bypass LNG are connected with the LNG storage tank through pipelines; a compressor connected to the BOG buffer tank; a heat exchanger connected to the compressor, a gasifier connected to the heat exchanger; a recondensor is connected between the heat exchanger and the gasifier. According to the invention, after the heat exchanger is added between the compressor and the recondenser, the low-temperature LNG at the outlet of the partial high-pressure pump can be utilized to pre-cool the BOG before the BOG enters recondenser while the cold energy of the LNG receiving station is fully utilized, namely, the pre-cooling BOG recondenser technology is adopted, and the energy consumption of the system is effectively reduced when the BOG treatment capacity is the same.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An LNG receiving station pre-cooled BOG recondensing system, the system comprising: an LNG storage tank; the LNG unloading arm is connected with the LNG storage tank, the BOG buffer tank, condensed strand LNG and bypass LNG are connected with the LNG storage tank through pipelines; a compressor connected to the BOG buffer tank; a heat exchanger connected to the compressor, a gasifier connected to the heat exchanger; a recondensor is connected between the heat exchanger and the gasifier;
the bypass LNG is connected with a high-pressure pump, the high-pressure pump is connected with the heat exchanger through a first electromagnetic three-way valve, and the high-pressure pump is connected with the gasifier through a second electromagnetic three-way valve;
a third electromagnetic three-way valve is arranged between the bypass LNG and the high-pressure pump, and the bypass LNG, the high-pressure pump and the recondensor are respectively connected with the third electromagnetic three-way valve;
the low-temperature LNG at the outlet of the high-pressure pump pre-cools the BOG at the inlet of the recondenser, and the pre-cooled LNG and the other strand of low-temperature LNG at the outlet of the high-pressure pump are mixed and then enter the gasifier;
the exhaust temperature of the compressor is-45 to-10 ℃;
the outlet temperature of the high-pressure pump is lower than-125 ℃;
the condensed LNG is connected with the bypass LNG through a fourth electromagnetic three-way valve;
the LNG storage tank is connected with the BOG buffer tank through a fifth electromagnetic three-way valve;
and a low-pressure pump is arranged in the LNG storage tank.
2. The LNG receiving station pre-cooled BOG recondensing system of claim 1, wherein the condensed stream of LNG is coupled to the recondenser.
3. The LNG receiving station pre-cooled BOG recondensing system of claim 1, wherein the vaporizer is connected to a seawater pump.
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| CN202111564817.8A CN114370599B (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | LNG receiving station precooling type BOG recondensing system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111564817.8A CN114370599B (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | LNG receiving station precooling type BOG recondensing system |
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| CN114370599B true CN114370599B (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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| EP3540195A1 (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-18 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Rankine cycle powered by bleed heat |
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| CN111623232A (en) * | 2020-05-31 | 2020-09-04 | 华南理工大学 | BOG and LNG cold energy comprehensive recycling system and process |
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-
2021
- 2021-12-20 CN CN202111564817.8A patent/CN114370599B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2000146430A (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-26 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Method for reliquefying bog utilizing lng |
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