CN114369450B - MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent comprises the following components: the main components comprise petroleum resin, ceresin and calcium stearate, the additives comprise thermosetting resin, water-soluble resin and positive electricity glue, and the weight ratio of the additives to the main components is 1:10-50. The MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent provided by the invention belongs to an oil-soluble resin temporary plugging agent, has the technical advantages of high compressive strength, full degradation, adjustable particle size, safety, environmental protection, no danger, small dosage, low cost and the like, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petrochemical industry, and relates to an MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The petroleum geological reserves of low-permeability oil fields in China are rich, the resource amount of the low-permeability oil fields accounts for about 30% of the total national petroleum resource amount, the proportion of low-permeability oil reservoirs in the confirmed reserves accounts for about more than 2/3 of the national reserves, and the development potential is huge. With the improvement of exploration technology level, deep, ultra-deep and unconventional oil and gas resources become new exploration fields, physical properties of reservoirs are poorer and poorer, most low-permeability reservoirs must be subjected to fracturing transformation to obtain industrial oil flow, and yield is still not high although yield increase amplitude is larger after fracturing transformation. The main reason for this is that the fracture stimulation effect is largely controlled by the direction and form of the new fracture, i.e. it is mainly determined by the length of the new fracture perpendicular to the initial fracture, and the longer the fracture is, the greater the depth of the fracture passing through the reservoir without using the initial fracture is, the more effectively it is able to communicate with the remaining oil-rich zone. However, in the fracturing process of an oil well, due to the control of the ground stress, the generated fracturing fractures start to fracture near a shaft as a point source and finally gradually converge into a main fracture in the fracture extending process, so that the single well oil drainage control area is limited, the yield and the stable production period are short, and therefore, the improvement of the complexity degree of the fracturing artificial fractures is a main means for the reservoir transformation. In the fracturing construction of each large oil field, an intra-stage multi-fracture technology or a fracture steering technology is generally adopted, the modification strength of a low-permeability reservoir is increased, the yield of the reservoir is maximized, and the purpose of steering the fracturing fracture is achieved by stress interference through a temporary plugging agent.
At present, a water-soluble temporary plugging agent is mostly used in fracturing, the water-soluble temporary plugging agent has certain compressive strength, good water solubility and full degradation, but the water-soluble temporary plugging agent shows own defects and shortcomings due to the characteristics of water solubility of the temporary plugging agent, and is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. the water dissolving speed is high, and the pump is easy to stick; the water-soluble temporary plugging agent is quickly dissolved after entering the fracturing fluid, the viscosity is quickly improved, and the temporary plugging agent is easily attached to a valve of a fracturing pump of a fracturing truck, so that the valve is not tightly closed, the pump efficiency is influenced, the discharge capacity is reduced, and the ideal fracturing discharge capacity cannot be ensured.
2. The temporary plugging agent is easy to harden and form blocks; the oil pipe is easy to block, and sometimes the pressure is required after backwashing, so that the material waste and the operation cost are increased, and sometimes the fracturing manifold is rapidly boosted to cause pollution and hidden danger to the personal safety of constructors and the environment.
3. The anti-clipping performance is poor; the water-soluble temporary plugging agent is easy to be damaged when passing through a pump, a tee joint, a gate and a blast hole, so that the position of the temporary plugging agent placed in a crack is not ideal enough, and the fracturing effect is poor.
4. The compressive strength of the artificial interlayer formed by the temporary plugging agent is insufficient; the fracture is easy to be punctured in the fracturing process, so that new fractures are communicated with old fractures again, and the length of the fractures formed after temporary plugging is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the conventional temporary plugging agent, the invention provides an MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent, and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides an MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent, which comprises: the main components comprise petroleum resin, ceresin and calcium stearate, the additives comprise thermosetting resin, water-soluble resin and positive electricity glue, and the weight ratio of the additives to the main components is 1:10-50.
Preferably, the MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent has the particle size of 0.2-6mm and the density of 1.1-1.5g/cm 3 。
Preferably, the petroleum resin is a C5/C9 copolymerized petroleum resin.
Preferably, in the main component, the weight ratio of the petroleum resin, the ozokerite and the calcium stearate is as follows: 5-9:5-7:5-9.
Preferably, in the additive, the weight ratio of the thermosetting resin to the water-soluble resin to the positive electricity glue is as follows: 1-2:20-100:10-40.
Preferably, the temporary plugging agent consists of 25-45% of petroleum resin, 25-35% of ozokerite, 25-45% of calcium stearate, 0.05-0.1% of thermosetting resin, 1-5% of water-soluble resin and 0.5-2.0% of positive electricity glue.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the temporary plugging agent, which comprises the following steps: mixing the main component and the additive at 150 deg.C, stirring, cooling to below 47 deg.C, and making into different granules.
Preferably, the particles are screened to different particle sizes.
The invention also provides application of the temporary plugging agent, which comprises the following steps of mixing the particles according to the particle size from large to small of 2:7:1 in combination.
Preferably, the proportion of particles with the particle diameter of 5.0-6.0mm is 15-20%, the proportion of particles with the particle diameter of 3.0-4.5mm is 70-75%, and the proportion of particles with the particle diameter of 0.2-2.5mm is 10%.
On the basis of the conventional steering fracturing and material evaluation, a novel steering temporary plugging agent MCF (M-multi-particle size, C-self-cleaning and F-film covering) multi-particle size self-cleaning film covering temporary plugging agent, which can also be called MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent and MCF temporary plugging agent, is developed by further innovating the process technology and the material performance through the research on the steering material and the plugging effect, and has the following characteristics: 1) The multi-level grain size particles are automatically assembled to form a compact accumulation body, so that the using amount of the temporary plugging agent is reduced; 2) A plurality of product series can be degraded within controllable time, and cleaning in cracks is realized; 3) The particles are coated with the film, so that the bonding force among the particles is increased, and the small-amount strong effect target is realized.
The MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent is a novel oil-soluble temporary plugging agent with combined particle size, oleophylic coated film and nonlinear degradation, can form ideal bridging strength, can realize repeated manual temporary plugging intervention in a seam, effectively combines and improves net pressure in the seam, forces multi-branch seams on two sides of a main seam to generate, establishes a complex fracture network system, excavates potential energy of an oil layer to the maximum degree, and achieves the purpose of improving the yield of a single well. Multiple monitoring technology also proves that the bottom pressure of the well in the MCF temporary plugging fracturing process can be obviously improved, the stress condition of crack steering is provided, the lateral area energy production of the main crack can be effectively used, and the integral use degree of a single well is improved.
The technical advantages of the MCF fracture temporary plugging agent mainly include:
1. the MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent belongs to an oil-soluble resin temporary plugging agent; the water-insoluble temporary plugging agent is insoluble in water and good in dispersibility, and overcomes the defects of pump sticking, caking, easy blockage of a fracturing manifold and the like in the construction of the water-soluble temporary plugging agent.
2. The compressive strength is high; after the temporary plugging agent forms bridge plugging, an artificial clapboard is further formed, and the temporary plugging agent is insoluble in water, small in water interference and guaranteed in strength. Can meet the fracturing requirement and has high success rate of steering in crack seams.
3. The temporary plugging agent is degraded fully; has excellent oil solubility and lipophilicity. The temporary plugging particle can be dissolved in crude oil completely, can be degraded in controllable time, does not need to be added with other reagents after the temporary plugging process is finished, realizes the cleanness in the crack, is degraded thoroughly, can be dissolved in reservoir fluid, is taken out of the stratum along with the extraction of the crude oil, is thoroughly drained back, and cannot pollute the stratum. The method has the characteristics of little damage to the stratum, green and environmental protection, and does not produce any adverse effect on downstream refining equipment and processes.
4. The particle size of the temporary plugging agent is adjustable; the particle size range is large, the stratum adaptability is strong, the particle size combination is reasonable, the particle size is stable after the fracturing fluid enters a well, and the fracturing fluid and the construction process are not influenced.
5. Safe and has no danger.
6. The MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent has less dosage and low cost: the automatic assembly among the multi-level grain diameter particles is easy to form a compact accumulation body, the dosage of the temporary plugging agent is reduced, and the cost is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a curve of a multi-particle-size core displacement experiment in a test example of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the pressure, the fluid loss and the fluid loss rate of the temporary plugging agent after plugging, which are changes with time in the test examples of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the temporary plugging agent usage and the construction optimization process in the application example of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the distribution of the temporary plugging agent in an application example of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of construction process dynamic control elements in an application example of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a statistical table of the effect of the fracturing technology in the application example of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows statistical results of effect tracking in an application example of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a dual W8-7 well reconstruction fracture curve in an application example of the present invention.
Fig. 9 top view of fracture monitoring in an example of the invention.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the behavior of primary fractures induced by the diversion of a fracturing fluid in an example of the application of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a top view of a fracture monitoring three-dimensional fracture in an example of the application of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and drawings. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the materials/reagents used in the following examples may be any of those that are currently available, and the specific type and source thereof are not limited in this application. The adopted water-soluble resin contains 70 percent of PAM with 2 ten thousand molecular weight and industrial CaCl 2 The content was 30%.
Example 1
The formulation of the MCF fracture temporary plugging agent of this example is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent formulation of example 1
Example 2
The formulation of the MCF fracture temporary plugging agent of this example is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent formulation of example 2
Example 3
The formulation of the MCF fracture temporary plugging agent of this example is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent formulation of EXAMPLE 3
The main component and the additive are mixed and compounded according to a proportion, so that the adhesion of the product can be improved, and the pressure resistance is good.
The main technical indexes of the MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent are as follows:
(1) particle size: 0.2-6mm, adjustable;
(2) density 1.1-1.5g/cm 3 ；
(3) The degradation rate is more than 98 percent, and nonlinear degradation is realized;
(4) the compressive strength is more than 56Mpa (the actual measurement and calculation of the construction pressure);
(5) the crude oil dissolution rate is 100%.
After the MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent in the example 1 is mixed according to the proportion of particles with the particle diameter of 5.0-6.0mm being 20%, the proportion of particles with the particle diameter of 3.0-4.5mm being 70% and the proportion of particles with the particle diameter of 0.2-2.5mm being 10%, further tests and application examples are as follows:
test example
Dynamic plugging performance test
In the experiment, a manual crack-making rock core is selected, a rock core displacement permeability test experiment is carried out by adopting standard saline water, and the measured initial permeability is 352.258mD, as shown in figure 1.
The experimental results show that: after the temporary plugging agent with multiple particle sizes is adopted to plug the dynamic artificial fracture of the rock core, the permeability is reduced to 0.283mD from 352.258mD, and the permeability is reduced by 99.91 percent, so that a better plugging effect is achieved.
(II) evaluation of pressure-bearing strength of MCF (modified chemical Filter) fracturing temporary plugging agent
As shown in figure 2, after injection at a constant pressure of 40MPa, the liquid filtration rate is obviously slowed down, the filtration rate increase amplitude is slowed down, and the filtration rate is almost constant within 40min at the later stage of the experiment, which shows that the thickness of the temporary plugging agent of 1cm reaches the pressure bearing capacity of 40 MPa.
(III) evaluation of stability of MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent
Injecting the temporary plugging agent into a shear state of a simulated fracturing manifold, wherein the stirring speed is 1000r/min, most of the temporary plugging agent has complete particle shapes after stirring for 10min, and the dissolution rate is only about 1.3%. The temporary plugging agent has better particle stability in construction and carrying.
The experiment aims to test the anti-shearing performance of the temporary plugging agent under the working conditions of a sand mixing vehicle, a pump, a gate, a blast hole and the like.
(IV) evaluation of interference of formation water on MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent
Preparing simulated formation water of 5 different blocks indoors, and performing interference experiments on the temporary plugging agent by using the prepared formation water. As can be seen from the following table, the water quality has less interference with the temporary plugging agent. The purpose is to evaluate the dissolution interference of water on the oil-soluble temporary plugging agent under the oil-water mixing condition.
TABLE 4 experiment of influence of formation water of different mineralization degree on temporary plugging agent
(V) evaluation of viscosity of MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent after degradation
1. Preparing and injecting a temporary plugging agent solution: 2.5g of temporary plugging agent is put into 250ml of crude oil;
2. placing the temporary plugging agent in a stirrer, stirring for 30min, stopping stirring, starting heating to 60 ℃, and observing the dissolution process from the beginning of stirring until the temporary plugging agent is completely dissolved;
3. the viscosity of the temporary plugging agent solution at 60 ℃ was measured using a brookfield viscometer.
Experiments show that: under the condition that the concentration of the temporary film-coated plugging agent is 1000mg/L, the viscosity of the conventional temporary plugging agent is 95mPa.s after the temporary film-coated plugging agent is completely dissolved, and the viscosity of the temporary film-coated plugging agent is 18mPa.s after the temporary film-coated plugging agent is completely dissolved, so that the temporary film-coated plugging agent has better oil solubility, is favorable for flowback after construction and has small reservoir damage.
(VI) evaluation of chemical dangers and health environmental dangers of MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent
The risk evaluation of the MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent was performed by the chemical inspection mechanism of the emergency administration department according to the determination rule of hazardous chemicals in the hazardous chemicals catalog (2015 edition) (report number: a201014-06-1828, query code: 58BDF38742D 9), and the evaluation result: it is recommended to manage the product temporarily as a non-hazardous chemical.
(VII) evaluation of influence of degraded products of MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent on reservoir and downstream production
1. After the MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent is dissolved in oil (calcium stearate C therein) 36 H 70 CaO 4 ) Only when strong acid is met will a very small amount of CaCO be generated 3 . Measuring and calculating CaCO through Shanghai micro-spectrum detection (report number: WP-20103156-CS-01) 3 The content is 69.3mg/kg, and 10.3g CaCO is theoretically generated based on 1 layer of 150kg 3 This has little effect on the reservoir. Also meet the SY/17125-2019 line mark.
TABLE 5 CaCO produced after MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent dissolution in oil 3 The result of the detection
Note: i. -mg/kg = -ppm = parts per million.
Calcium carbonate (CaCO) 3 ) The content is obtained by conversion of the content of calcium (Ca).
2. Whether the MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent contains organic chlorine or not is entrusted to the Beijing research institute of clean-up technology to carry out chlorine-containing detection on the MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent (report number BT 0101905), and the detection result shows that the total chlorine-containing components (organic and inorganic) of the temporary plugging agent are 7ppm, so that the MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent hardly affects oil transportation and downstream refining compared with the chlorine salt content of the reservoir stratum of the Chongqing oil field of 56000-67000ppm and the earth acid acidification measure. This data also conforms to the GB/T18611 standard.
TABLE 6. Detection results of chlorine-containing MCF fracturing temporary plugging agent
| Serial number | Test items | Test results | Unit | Test method/ |
| 1 | Chlorine content | 7 | mg/kg | Titration method |
Note: 1ppm =1mg/kg =0.0001%.
Application example
(one) dosage of temporary plugging agent
Factors influencing the dosage of the temporary plugging agent are as follows: the temporary plugging agent dosage is obtained according to the thickness of the oil layer of the oil field fracturing well and construction experience data by combining the factors such as the thickness of the oil layer, the length of a crack, the porosity, the Poisson ratio, the shale content and the like with the combination of the graph 3 and the graph 4:
1.5 layers of Long 4 +: 14-16Kg/m;
2. the dosage of 6 long layers: 12-15Kg/m;
3. the length is 8 layers: 10-12kg/m.
Dynamic control and abnormal condition processing in construction process
In connection with the description of figure 5,
1. the main control flow is as follows:
(1) recording construction pressure before adding the temporary plugging agent; the discharge capacity;
(2) properly and continuously and stably adding 1-2 bags of the temporary plugging agent at a slower speed, and observing the sensitivity (whether pressure rises or not and how much the pressure rises) of the stratum to the temporary plugging agent after the temporary plugging agent enters the stratum;
(3) if the pressure rises, observing whether the pressure can be kept or not, and if the pressure falls down after rising, continuously adding the temporary plugging agent;
(4) if the pressure is not changed, the speed of adding the temporary plugging agent is increased, the pressure change is observed in real time, the pressure rise is over 2MPa after the temporary plugging agent enters the stratum, and the pressure is maintained until the fracturing construction of the section is finished; the dosage of the temporary plugging agent is added to ensure that the temporary plugging agent forms a bridging artificial interlayer which is long enough and thick enough in the crack.
2. The following situations can occur in temporary plugging fracturing construction:
(1) after temporary plugging is added, the pressure is not obviously increased, secondary supplement is needed, and the adding speed is increased;
(2) after the temporary plugging agent is added, the pressure is not increased, the adding amount of the temporary plugging agent needs to be increased, and the adding speed is correspondingly increased;
(3) if overpressure occurs in the process of adding the temporary plugging agent, stopping the pump and starting the pump for the second time to push; if the overpressure is continuously carried out, reverse circulation back flushing is needed, and the back flushing is carried out again;
(4) the materials are fully prepared before fracturing, and the materials are ensured to be in place when abnormity occurs.
(III) field application
1. Overall effect of application
The applicant applies MCF multi-stage temporary plugging three-dimensional crack fracturing technical service in the Shidan oil production plant of the extended oil field shares company Limited, the construction is performed 28 times in an accumulated mode, the construction is successful 27 times, and the effective rate is more than 96%.
The average pressure is increased by 6.35Mpa (8 wells for 3-5Mpa, 16 wells for 5-10Mpa, and 3 wells for more than 10 Mpa). The average daily oil increment of a single well is 0.85 tons, and the average cumulative oil increment of the single well is 495.32 tons, as shown in figures 6 and 7.
2. Detection and analysis of temporary plugging and fracturing cracks
The double W8-7 wells of the oil field oil extraction plant are prolonged, the porosity is 8.1 percent, and the permeability is 0.15 multiplied by 10 -3 μm 2 The formation pressure is 29.0MPa, and the horizontal main stress difference is 3.2MPa. The construction displacement of the well for repeated fracturing reconstruction is 2.5m 3 Min, total liquid injection amount of 200m 3 The sand adding amount is 50m 3 350kg of temporary blocking agent for covering film is added. The original geostress direction of the region is northeast, artificial crack interference is realized by adopting a tectorial membrane temporary plugging agent fracturing technology, and a plurality of turning cracks appear in the artificial crack. The main fracture direction after fracturing is the northwest direction, which shows that the optimal fracturing reconstruction is realized by using the MCF multistage temporary plugging three-dimensional fracture fracturing technology, as shown in FIG. 8.
The detection and analysis results are shown in fig. 9-11, and fig. 9 shows that the artificial fractures have oblique fractures in the north-west direction and obvious fracturing effect. FIG. 10 shows the near-well primary fracture development induced by diversion of the fracturing fluid by the temporary plug, 60-75 degrees North-West and 5-15 degrees North-east, showing the presence and progression of non-formation fractures. Fig. 11 shows that the main seam (blue) is 60 degrees north and west, and two obvious branch seams are 60 degrees north and west and 80 degrees north and west.
3. Prediction of economic benefits
The MCF multistage temporary plugging three-dimensional fracture fracturing technology can realize repeated temporary plugging of a steering fracture, and the daily oil production of a single well of a highly deviated well is predicted to be improved by more than 0.5 ton compared with the conventional process.
Investment cost:
each well is calculated according to 3 layers, and the input cost is =3.8 ten thousand yuan +2.5 ten thousand yuan h 2 (two times of material fee) =8.8 ten thousand yuan. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the measure cost is as follows: settling standard, and temporarily plugging the fracturing technology with service cost of 1.3 ten thousand per well;
key materials: the cost of the multi-particle size self-cleaning film covering temporary plugging agent is 2.5 ten thousand per layer;
total cost per well: the total cost of the single-layer measure is 3.8 ten thousand.
And (3) output:
the validity period is calculated according to 365 x 0.618 (golden rate) =225 days,
yield =225 days x 0.5t x 7.35 (barrel) x 40.45 dollars/barrel x 6.84 (exchange rate)/10000
=22.88 ten thousand yuan
The input-output ratio is 1.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all the embodiments of the present invention are not exhaustive, and all the obvious variations or modifications which are introduced in the technical scheme of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An MCF fracture diverting agent comprising: the main components comprise petroleum resin, ceresin and calcium stearate, the additives comprise thermosetting resin, water-soluble resin and positive electricity glue, and the weight ratio of the additives to the main components is 1:10 to 50 percent of temporary plugging agent, wherein the temporary plugging agent consists of 25 to 45 percent of petroleum resin, 25 to 35 percent of ozokerite, 25 to 45 percent of calcium stearate, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of thermosetting resin, 1 to 5 percent of water-soluble resin and 0.5 to 2.0 percent of positive electricity glue, 2 ten thousand of PAM with molecular weight in the adopted water-soluble resin is 70 percent, and industrial CaCl is 2 The content was 30%.
2. An MCF fracture temporary plugging agent according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the MCF fracture temporary plugging agent is 0.2-6mm, and the density is 1.1-1.5g/cm 3 。
3. An MCF fracture temporary plugging agent according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of petroleum resin, ozokerite and calcium stearate in the main component is as follows: 5-9:5-7:5-9.
4. An MCF fracture temporary plugging agent according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the thermosetting resin, the water-soluble resin and the positive electricity glue in the additive is as follows: 1-2:20-100:10-40.
5. A method for preparing an MCF fracture temporary plugging agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: the main component and the additive are fully stirred and mixed uniformly according to the proportion at the temperature of 150 ℃, and are cooled to below 47 ℃ to prepare different particles.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the particles are screened to different sizes.
7. Use of an MCF fracture temporary plugging agent according to any of claims 1-4 comprising the step of dispersing the particles in a size range of from 2:7:1 in combination.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that the proportion of particles with a size of 5.0-6.0mm is 15-20%, the proportion of particles with a size of 3.0-4.5mm is 70-75% and the proportion of particles with a size of 0.2-2.5mm is 10%.
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