CN114367182B - Low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for tail gas of submerged arc furnace - Google Patents

Low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for tail gas of submerged arc furnace Download PDF

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CN114367182B
CN114367182B CN202210050786.2A CN202210050786A CN114367182B CN 114367182 B CN114367182 B CN 114367182B CN 202210050786 A CN202210050786 A CN 202210050786A CN 114367182 B CN114367182 B CN 114367182B
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tail gas
submerged arc
arc furnace
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furnace
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CN114367182A (en
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张艺馨
方芳
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Hubei Hegu Environmental Protection Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75Multi-step processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54Nitrogen compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81Solid phase processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/10Single element gases other than halogens
    • B01D2257/104Oxygen
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/408Cyanides, e.g. hydrogen cyanide (HCH)

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Abstract

The invention provides a low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for tail gas of a submerged arc furnace, which comprises the following steps of: leading the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace into a purification tower filled with an oil removal agent for oil removal; introducing the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace after oil removal into a heat exchanger for heating; then, supplementing a vulcanizing agent into the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace; and introducing the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace supplemented with the vulcanizing agent into a deoxidizing furnace filled with a deoxidizing agent for deoxidizing. The invention relates to a low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for tail gas of a submerged arc furnace to remove O 2 High efficiency, and high content of O in inlet gas 2 When the content is less than or equal to 15000ppm, the deoxidation rate is more than 95 percent; the deoxidation process has strong toxicity resistance, can resist sulfur and remove O 2 The effect is not affected by aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and aliphatic hydrocarbons such as ethylene; in the high-efficiency removal of O 2 Simultaneously, HCN can be removed together, and a certain amount of organic sulfur can be converted; the deoxidation process has strong adaptability, and can effectively remove O in the feed gas under the conditions of low hydrogen even no hydrogen, low pressure and normal pressure 2

Description

Low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for tail gas of submerged arc furnace
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of submerged arc furnace tail gas treatment, in particular to a low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for submerged arc furnace tail gas.
Background
The tail gas of the submerged arc furnace comprises the tail gas of a lead-zinc smelting furnace, blast furnace gas, converter gas, ferroalloy furnace tail gas, calcium carbide furnace gas, yellow phosphorus tail gas and the like in nonferrous smelting, black smelting and inorganic nonmetal smelting, the main component of the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace is CO, the content of the CO is over 50 percent, and the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace can be used as a precious raw material of a carbon chemical industry after purification and is used for producing chemical products with higher added values. However, the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace contains a lot of impurities, the main component of the tail gas is CO, and the tail gas also contains other impurities, such as inorganic sulfur (H) 2 S), aromatic hydrocarbons such as organic sulfur (COS), HCN, and toluene, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as ethylene, and dust, which provide new challenges to the efficient use of converter tail gas.
Comprehensive treatment and deep utilization of the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace are the direction of encouraging development of the country and tend to be great. The first prerequisite is the deep purification of the exhaust gas of the submerged arc furnace, which is currently a targeted sulfur removal method, but also O from the exhaust gas of the submerged arc furnace 2 One of the technical bottlenecks of comprehensively utilizing the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace, such as the combined production of tempering and the like, is the tail gas of the submerged arc furnaceMiddle O 2 And (4) removing. The tail gas of the submerged arc furnace such as converter tail gas, metallurgical tail gas and the like is utilized to produce chemical products, and the oxygen content has serious adverse effect on subsequent processes and must be removed in advance. At present, the commonly used gas purification deoxidizers mainly comprise 3 methods of catalytic deoxidation, chemical absorption deoxidation, carbon combustion deoxidation and the like. The traditional deoxidation catalyst comprises three main types of copper, nickel, precious metal and the like, which need to be desulfurized firstly, and easily causes the problems of long process flow, large equipment investment, easy poisoning of the catalyst, short service life and the like in the comprehensive utilization project of the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace such as toughening co-production and the like. Although the traditional sulfur-resistant deoxidation process can resist sulfur, the deoxidation effect is not ideal under the conditions of low pressure and low hydrogen.
Based on the defects of the prior deoxidation of the tail gas of the ore-smelting furnace, the improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for tail gas of a submerged arc furnace, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process for tail gas of a submerged arc furnace, which comprises the following steps:
leading the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace into a purification tower filled with an oil removal agent for oil removal;
introducing the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace after oil removal into a heat exchanger and heating to 150-350 ℃;
then, a vulcanizing agent is supplemented into the ore smelting furnace tail gas, and the sulfur content in the ore smelting furnace tail gas is controlled to be more than or equal to 20 multiplied by 10 -6
And introducing the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace supplemented with the vulcanizing agent into a deoxidizing furnace filled with a deoxidizing agent, and deoxidizing at 200-400 ℃.
Preferably, in the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process of the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace, the degreasing agent is an HGT-12 type degreasing agent.
Preferably, the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process is carried out on the submerged arc furnace tail gas, and the deoxidizer is an HGT-601 type deoxidizer.
Preferably, the submerged arc furnace tail gas low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process comprises a vulcanizing agent comprising dimethyl disulfide or carbon disulfide.
Preferably, the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process for the submerged arc furnace tail gas further comprises before introducing the submerged arc furnace tail gas into a purification tower filled with an oil removal agent: and introducing the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace into a gas-liquid separator to separate condensed water and organic matters from the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace.
Preferably, the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process of the submerged arc furnace tail gas comprises the step of introducing the deoxidized submerged arc furnace tail gas into a heat exchanger to be cooled to less than 40 ℃ after introducing the deoxidized submerged arc furnace tail gas into a deoxidizing furnace filled with a deoxidizing agent to be deoxidized.
Preferably, in the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process for the submerged arc furnace tail gas, the temperature of the gas inlet of the deoxidation furnace is 150-350 ℃.
Preferably, in the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process of the submerged arc furnace tail gas, the pressure in the deoxidation furnace is 0.1-0.6 MPa.
Preferably, in the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process for the submerged arc furnace tail gas, the space velocity of the deoxidation furnace inlet submerged arc furnace tail gas is 1400-1500 h -1
Compared with the prior art, the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace has the following beneficial effects:
according to the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace, the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace enters a purification tower, free oil is removed through a deoiling agent, then heat exchange is carried out through a heat exchanger to 150-250 ℃, a vulcanizing agent is supplemented into the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace, the tail gas is introduced into a deoxidation furnace to remove oxygen and HCN, and finally the temperature is reduced to be less than 40 ℃ through the heat exchanger; the invention relates to a low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for tail gas of a submerged arc furnace to remove O 2 High efficiency, O in the inlet gas 2 When the content is less than or equal to 15000ppm, the deoxidation rate is more than 95 percent; the deoxidation process of the invention has strong toxicity resistance, can resist sulfur and remove O 2 The effect is not affected by aromatic hydrocarbon such as toluene and aliphatic hydrocarbon such as ethylene; in the high-efficiency removal of O 2 Simultaneously, HCN can be removed together, and a certain amount of organic sulfur can be converted; the deoxidation process has strong adaptability, and can be used for treating low-hydrogen even no-hydrogen and low-pressure to normal pressure stripsCan effectively remove O in the feed gas under the part 2 (ii) a The deoxidation process has the advantages of short flow, no complex process and simple flow; the deoxidation process of the invention uses less equipment, has no special equipment and has small investment in the whole process.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process of the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the application provides a low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for tail gas of a submerged arc furnace, which comprises the following steps:
s1, introducing tail gas of a submerged arc furnace into a purification tower filled with an oil removal agent for oil removal;
s2, introducing the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace after oil removal into a heat exchanger, and heating to 150-350 ℃;
s3, then adding a vulcanizing agent into the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace, and controlling the sulfur content in the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace to be more than or equal to 20 multiplied by 10 -6
And S4, introducing the submerged arc furnace tail gas supplemented with the vulcanizing agent into a deoxidizing furnace filled with a deoxidizing agent, and deoxidizing at 200-400 ℃.
It should be noted that, in the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process of the submerged arc furnace tail gas in the embodiment of the present application, the main components of the submerged arc furnace tail gas are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 mine Heat furnace Tail gas principal Components
Composition of Volume content (%)
CO 50~65
H 2 0.1~1
CO 2 10~20
O 2 0.1~0.5
N 2 20~30
CH 4 0~0.5
Saturated water Balance of
Specifically, the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace also contains H 2 S, HCN, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, and aliphatic hydrocarbons such as ethylene, as shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 contents of impurities in tail gas of submerged arc furnace
Composition of Volume content (10) -6 )
Benzene (III) 0~5
Toluene ~5
Xylene 0~3
Ethylbenzene production 0~2
Naphthalene 0~1
Oxygen gas 0~5000
Ethylene 0~150
Acetylene 0~8
Ethane (III) 0~1
Methane 0~5000
HCN 0~5
H 2 S 0~3
In some embodiments, the oil removal agent is an HGT-12 type oil removal agent.
In some embodiments, the deoxygenating agent is an HGT-601 type deoxygenating agent.
Specifically, in the above examples, the HGT-12 type oil remover and the HGT-601 type deoxidizer are those produced by Hubei cereal Co.
In some embodiments, the vulcanizing agent comprises dimethyl disulfide or carbon disulfide.
In some embodiments, before passing the mine hot furnace tail gas to the purification tower filled with the oil removal agent, the method further comprises: and introducing the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace into a gas-liquid separator to separate condensed water and organic matters from the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace.
In some embodiments, after the submerged arc furnace tail gas is introduced into the deoxidizing furnace filled with the deoxidizing agent for deoxidizing, the method further comprises the step of introducing the deoxidized submerged arc furnace tail gas into the heat exchanger for cooling to be less than 40 ℃.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the inlet of the deoxygenator furnace is between 150 ℃ and 350 ℃.
In the above embodiment, the deoxidizer has a temperature rise during the deoxidation reaction, which, together with the inlet temperature of the deoxidation furnace (i.e. the inlet temperature), is equal to the reaction temperature of about 200 to 400 ℃.
In some embodiments, the pressure in the deoxygenator furnace is between 0.1 and 0.6MPa.
Specifically, the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for the submerged arc furnace tail gas specifically comprises the following steps: the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace is pressurized by a compressor, then introduced into a gas-liquid separator to separate condensed water from organic matters, then introduced into a purification tower to remove free oil by a deoiling agent, then subjected to heat exchange by a heat exchanger to 150-250 ℃, supplemented into the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace by a vulcanizing agent by a metering pump, introduced into a deoxidizing furnace to remove oxygen and HCN, finally cooled to less than 40 ℃ by the heat exchanger, and then sent to the next working section. Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for the submerged arc furnace tail gas, wherein in fig. 1, a vulcanizing agent is carbon disulfide, and the vulcanizing agent is added into the submerged arc furnace tail gas through a metering pump.
The low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace has the following specific advantages:
1. de-O 2 The efficiency is high: in the inlet air O 2 When the content is less than or equal to 15000ppm, the deoxidation rate is more than 95 percent;
2. strong toxicity resistance, sulfur resistance and O removal 2 The effect is not affected by aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and aliphatic hydrocarbons such as ethylene; in the high-efficiency removal of O 2 Meanwhile, HCN can be removed together, and a certain amount of organic sulfur can be converted;
3. the adaptability is strong: the O in the raw material gas can be effectively removed under the conditions of low hydrogen even no hydrogen, low pressure and normal pressure 2
4. The process is short: the whole process consists of 5 conventional steps, no complex process is needed, and the flow is simple;
5. the investment is small: the equipment is less, no special equipment is provided, and the investment of the whole process is small;
6. the service life is long: the service life of the deoxidizer is more than 2 years, and the expected value is 3-5 years.
The following further describes the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process of the submerged arc furnace tail gas by using specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for tail gas of a heating furnace, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, setting the flow rate to 45000Nm 3 After the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace is pressurized by a compressor, introducing the tail gas into a gas-liquid separator to separate condensed water and organic matters;
s2, removing oil from the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace through two purification towers which can be connected in series and in parallel and are filled with HGT-12 type oil removal agents, wherein the oil removal amount of each purification tower is 30m 3 Disclosure of the inventionMeter 60m 3
S3, introducing the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace after oil removal into a heat exchanger, and heating to 150-250 ℃;
s4, supplementing carbon disulfide to the ore smelting furnace tail gas after temperature rise at the rate of 2kg/h through a metering pump, and controlling the sulfur content in the ore smelting furnace tail gas to be more than or equal to 20 multiplied by 10 -6
S5, introducing the submerged arc furnace tail gas supplemented with the vulcanizing agent into a deoxidizing furnace filled with HGT-601 type deoxidizing agent, and carrying out catalytic action of the deoxidizing agent to remove O in the feed gas 2 Completely removing and simultaneously removing HCN; wherein the loading amount of the deoxidizer is 30m 3
S6, cooling the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace after passing through the deoxidizing furnace to be less than 40 ℃ through a heat exchanger, and then sending the tail gas to the next working section;
the composition of the submerged arc furnace off-gas used in step S1 is shown in tables 1 to 2.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for tail gas of a heating furnace, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, setting the flow rate to 40000Nm 3 Pressurizing the metallurgical furnace tail gas by a compressor, and introducing the pressurized metallurgical furnace tail gas into a gas-liquid separator to separate condensed water and organic matters;
s2, removing oil from the tail gas of the metallurgical furnace in a purification tower filled with HGT-12 type oil removal agent, wherein the oil removal agent is filled in the purification tower to reach an oil removal amount of 54m 3
S3, introducing the deoiled metallurgical furnace tail gas into a heat exchanger, and heating to 260 ℃;
s4, supplementing dimethyl disulfide into the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace after temperature rise at the rate of 1.6kg/h through a metering pump, and controlling the sulfur content in the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace to be more than or equal to 20 multiplied by 10 -6
S5, introducing the tail gas of the metallurgical furnace supplemented with the vulcanizing agent into a deoxidizing furnace filled with an HGT-601 type deoxidizing agent, and leading O in the raw material gas to be catalyzed by the deoxidizing agent 2 Completely removing; wherein the loading amount of the deoxidizer is 27m 3
S6, cooling the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace after passing through the deoxidizing furnace to be less than 40 ℃ through a heat exchanger, and then sending the tail gas to the next working section;
the composition of the metallurgical furnace off-gas used in step S1 is shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3 metallurgical furnace Tail gas composition
Composition of Volume content (%)
CO 67%
H 2 5.8%
CO 2 16.8%
O 2 0.6%
N 2 6%
CH 4 0.1%
Benzene and its derivatives 0.8×10 -6
H 2 S 10×10 -6
COS 70×10 -6
Saturated water Allowance of
The deoxidation results in test examples 1 to 2 are shown in table 4 below.
TABLE 4 deoxidation results in examples 1 and 2
Figure BDA0003474210250000071
Figure BDA0003474210250000081
The deoxidation furnace inlet temperature, the deoxidation furnace inlet tail gas space velocity, and the deoxidation furnace inlet O in Table 4 2 Volume content, deoxidation furnace outlet O 2 The volume content, the volume content of HCN at the inlet of the deoxidizing furnace and the volume content of HCN at the outlet of the deoxidizing furnace are all actual measured values.
As can be seen from Table 4 above, the low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process, O, of the hot furnace tail gas of the present application 2 The removal efficiency can reach 99.6-99.9%, and the removal efficiency of HCN can reach 93.3%.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (5)

1. The low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-resistant deoxidation process for the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
leading the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace into a purification tower filled with an oil removal agent for oil removal;
leading the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace after oil removal into a heat exchanger, and heating to 150-350 ℃;
then to the ore-smelting furnace tailThe vulcanizing agent is supplemented in the gas, and the sulfur content in the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace is controlled to be more than or equal to 20 multiplied by 10 -6
Introducing the submerged arc furnace tail gas supplemented with a vulcanizing agent into a deoxidizing furnace filled with a deoxidizing agent, deoxidizing at 200-400 ℃, and removing oxygen and HCN;
the vulcanizing agent comprises dimethyl disulfide or carbon disulfide;
the pressure in the deoxidizing furnace is 0.1 to 0.6Mpa;
the volume content of hydrogen in the ore-smelting furnace tail gas is 0.1-1% or 5.8%.
2. The low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process for submerged arc furnace tail gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein before introducing the submerged arc furnace tail gas into the purification tower filled with oil removal agent, the process further comprises: and introducing the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace into a gas-liquid separator to separate condensed water and organic matters from the tail gas of the submerged arc furnace.
3. The low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process for submerged arc furnace tail gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of introducing the submerged arc furnace tail gas into the deoxidation furnace filled with the deoxidizer for deoxidation further comprises introducing the deoxidized submerged arc furnace tail gas into the heat exchanger for cooling to less than 40 ℃.
4. The low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process of submerged arc furnace tail gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the deoxidation furnace air inlet is 150 to 350 ℃.
5. The low-hydrogen low-pressure sulfur-tolerant deoxidation process for the submerged arc furnace tail gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the space velocity of the submerged arc furnace tail gas at the deoxidation furnace inlet is 1400 to 1500h -1
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